TENSES IN ENGLISH - anadoluhazirlik.files.wordpress.com · Tenses Present Perfect Continuous Past...
Transcript of TENSES IN ENGLISH - anadoluhazirlik.files.wordpress.com · Tenses Present Perfect Continuous Past...
TENSES IN ENGLISH «A PRACTICAL WAY OF UNDERSTANDING
THE DIFFERENCES AMONG 12 TENSES FOR TURKISH STUDENTS»
INSTRUCTOR: GÜLŞAH DEMİRCİ
WHAT DOES TENSE MEAN?
Tense means
‘the form of a verb that shows the time at which an action happened.’
Examples:
I study English at Anadolu University.
I watched a movie yesterday.
I will go to the theatre tomorrow.
Present Tense
Past Tense
Future Tense
Is that so easy?
Be careful!
• Tense is not only related with the time but it can also be
related with the process, order, and some special
usages.
• There are 12 tenses in English.
• We need to know about the tense agreement.
There are 3 families and 4 members in each
The PASTs: «Nostalgia»
They are about the actions in the
past.
They are not interested in other
families.
The actions shouldn’t be based
on the present or future.
The PRESENTs: «Carpe Diem»
They are about the actions in the
present generally.
They are interested in future.
The actions can start in the past
at times but they must be linked
with ‘now’, too.
The FUTUREs: «Space Age»
They are about the actions in the
future.
They are interested in present.
The present and future actions
can exist in a sentence with a
time linker.
1st
Simple Tenses
Present Simple
Past Simple
Future Simple
I eat cereals for breakfast every morning.
I ate cereals for breakfast last morning.
I will eat cereals for breakfast next morning.
«One event»
With time linkers, they
also can tell about the
actions in order.
2nd
Continuous
Tenses
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
Future Continuous
I am studying English now.
I was studying English last night when you called me.
I will be studying English this time tomorrow.
«Two parallel events»
Present continuous can be
used alone, too.
3rd
Perfect Tenses
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect
After the match has ended, I will call you.
After he had finished his homework, he watched a movie.
By the time Jessica comes, we will have had dinner.
«Two events in order»
Present perfect has
different usages, too.
4th
Perfect
Continuous
Tenses
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
Future Perfect Continuous
I have been learning English since I was 10.
I had been learning English for 9 years when I started university.
I will have been learning English for 10 years by next year.
«Two events in order +
process»
Present perfect
continous can also be
used in different
situations.
WHAT IS TENSE AGREEMENT?
TENSE AGREEMENT
• PAST WANTS PAST
• PRESENT WANTS PRESENT AND/OR FUTURE
• Don’t bring past and present/future together except some
situations!
TENSE AGREEMENT
• When you came here, you will see my dog. (False)
• When you come here, you will see my dog. (True)
• When you came here, you saw my dog. (True)
• While she is sleeping, I was listening to music. (False)
• While she was sleeping, I was listening to music. (True)
• While she is sleeping, I am listening to music. (True)
Remember!
• You need to know about the usage of time linkers. If you
know about the tense agreement, you can answer most of
the tense questions.