Sellafield Site Strategy Paul Foster Chief Operating Officer Sellafield Ltd.
Ten Years of the NDA, 2005-2015 · Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Ten Years of the NDA,...
Transcript of Ten Years of the NDA, 2005-2015 · Nuclear Decommissioning Authority Ten Years of the NDA,...
Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
Ten Years of the NDA, 2005-2015
Decommissioning of Nuclear Installations: Strategies, Practices and Challenges
Moscow, Russian Federation
9-11 November 2015
John Mathieson
Head of International Relations
NDA
Overview • The NDA
• The NDA Estate
• Sellafield
• Dounreay
• Magnox
• LLWR
• Geological Disposal
• The future
Chaplecross Cooling Towers
UK Nuclear History
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THORP Fuel pond
Calder Hall 1956
Windscale Piles
Magnox
WAGR Construction
Dounreay
Wylfa NPP
NDA – established 2005
Roles and responsibilities
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policy
strategy
delivery
NDA mission
“Deliver safe, sustainable and publicly acceptable
solutions to the challenge of nuclear clean up and
waste management.
This means never compromising on safety or
security, taking full account of our social and
environmental responsibilities, always seeking value
for money for the taxpayer and actively engaging
with stakeholders.”
NDA Strategy - March 2011
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NDA
• Budget for 2015/16 is £3.3bn (US$ 5.1bn):
- £2.1bn from Government
- £1.2bn income from commercial
operations
• ~210 corporate staff
• 18,000-strong workforce across
the NDA’s estate
• Decommissioning & clean up of 17 sites
• Geological disposal
• Spent fuel & HLW
• LLW disposal
• Pu, U management
• Reprocessing & vitrification
• Non-NDA liabilities oversight (NNLO)
– Including new build decommissioning
• Strategy
• Skills
• R&D
• Supply Chain
• Socio – economics
NDA’s Nuclear Provision
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The Nuclear Provision:
• Best estimate of the cost to
clean-up NDA’s sites
• >£115bn undiscounted over 120
years
• £90-220bn range
• £70bn discounted
• EDF Energy responsible for its
decommissioning costs through
the Nuclear Liabilities Fund
• New Nuclear Build
organisations have to establish
Funded decommissioning plans
(FDPs)
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Sellafield
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Sellafield has more than 60 years of history
1940s/50s
• Nuclear build begins
• Initially a military
• programme
• Later civil programme begins
1960s/70s
• Waste stored safely – pending treatment
• Storage capacity extended incrementally
• Coarse segregation of waste arising from process
• Magnox reprocessing starts
1980s
• Main expansion of site
• Major waste treatment focus
• Environmental impact substantially reduced
• Decommissioning programme started
1990s
• True commercialisation of reprocessing—Thorp online
• Waste arising from processes treated in ‘real time’
• Product waste forms compatible with disposal concepts
• Health and safety executive reports
• Decommissioning gathering pace
• Sellafield landscape
changing forever
• NDA formed
• NMP become PBO
2000s
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5 High Hazard programmes represent 90% of the nuclear hazard potential
on the site
Pile Fuel
Storage Pond
Pile Fuel
Cladding Silo
First Generation
Magnox Fuel
Pond
Magnox Swarf
Storage Silos
Legacy
Ponds &
Silos
Highly Active
Liquor
Workstream
Sellafield achievements
Sellafield Product and
Residues Store, operational
2011
Pile Fuel Storage Pond retrievals, 2013
Windscale AGR
decommissioned 2011
THORP Fuel pond
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Dounreay
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The NDA Estate - Dounreay
• The UK’s centre of fast reactor
R&D 1955 – 1994
• Scotland’s largest nuclear
clean-up and demolition project
• Experimental nature of the fast
breeder’ research work
– complex decommissioning
challenges
PFR clean-up
Demolition work
NaK destruction
Dounreay – achievements
• Dounreay contract firmly embedded
and delivering change
• Movements of DFR material to Sellafield
• 2 LLW vaults completed
• D1251 complex handed over to demolition.
• DFR pond drained and decontaminated
ready for demolition
• Local authority granted permission
to work on the Shaft and Silo project
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Dounreay Low Level Waste Facility begins operations
Shaft & Silo
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Magnox
Berkeley in operation Berkeley decommissioning
Berkeley heat exchangers en route to
Sweden
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Magnox achievements
All 10 Magnox sites are in transition through the
following phases:
- Operations and electricity generation (Wylfa 1)
- Defuelling – removal of fuel from reactor and transported to Sellafield for reprocessing (Sizewell A, Calder Hall (SL), Oldbury)
- Care and Maintenance preparations – removal of hazards such as sludges/resins/asbestos (Dungeness A, Chapelcross, Trawsfynydd, Berkeley, Hinkley Point A, Bradwell and Hunterston A)
- Care and Maintenance (C&M) –reactor buildings & ILW store are left in a safe state until Final Site Clearance
- Final Site Clearance – Provision of a GDF will enable final decommissioning of the sites to take place
Wylfa extension to Dec 2015
Chaplecross Asbestos strip
C&M
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Harwell and Winfrith
• Harwell – UK’s first Atomic Energy
Research Establishment (1946)
• Winfrith – Centre for ground breaking
reactor development from the
1950s – 1990s
• Both sites contained nuclear research
facilities, including plutonium handling
facilities, radioactive laboratories,
nuclear waste treatment
and storage facilities.
• Decommissioning is well under way
at both sites.
Harwell building demolitions
Waste storage at Winfrith
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The NDA Estate - LLWR
• Low Level Waste Repository near Drigg has operated as a LLW disposal facility since 1959
• Compacted wastes come from Sellafield by rail
• Other waste arrives via road from facilities such as hospitals and research establishments
• LLW is disposed of in engineered concrete vaults
• Vault 9 opened in 2010
• Key emphasis on recycling and reusing material to reduce the volumes being disposed of at LLWR
• VLLW to special licenced landfill
Geological Disposal Development
Process
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During the next 10 years we expect:
All Magnox stations defuelled and
spent fuel reprocessed to
long-term stable form
Four Magnox sites to have entered
Care and Maintenance
Progress on high hazard reduction,
including retrievals from
Legacy Ponds and Silos
All NDA’s non core assets to
have been disposed of
Chapelcross defuelling
Legacy Ponds
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During the next 20 years we expect:
All other Magnox sites to have
entered Care and Maintenance
Decommissioning to have been
completed at Harwell and Winfrith
At Dounreay, all ILW to have been
removed from the shaft and all
residues from the Dounreay Fast
Reactor (DFR)
At LLWR, the Plutonium
Contaminated Material (PCM)
facilities to have been removed
Confirmation of a site’s technical suitability
to host a GDF
Harwell
Dounreay Fast Reactor
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www.nda.gov.uk