Telecommunications, The Internet and Wireless technologyKristina

Telecommunications

Communicating any kind of information through electronic means

Includes audio, video and digital data transmission

Telecommunication System Components

Computers used to process data into information

Terminals that receive or send data

Communication Software

Communication Processors

Functions of Telecommunication

Transmit the information

Control flow of information

Convert massages speed and format and route them through most efficient paths

Establish interface between sender and receiver

Analog VS Digital Signals

Analog Signal is continuous waveform that passes through communication medium and is used for audio, video and voice communication

Digital Signal is discrete waveform because it transmits coded data in two discrete states: as 1bits and 0bits

Digital Signal is used for data communication

Modem converts/translates digital signals into analog and vice versa

Wired VS Wireless Transmission

Wired:

- Twisted wire: telephone systems

- Coaxial cable: cable television

- Fiber optics and Optical Network

Wireless: microwave, satellite, cellular telephones, etc.

Types of Network

Star Network: all computers and other devices are connected to the host computer and if that computer’s network fails, no other computer won’t have network

Bus Network: links a number of computers by a single circuit, if one network connection fails doesn’t mean that the rest of computers’ networks will

Ring Network: all devices are connected through closed loop

LANs, WANs and WLANs

LANs require their own dedicated channels such as routers, gateways, Network Operating Systems (NOS)

Span large geographical distance and consist of variety of cables and satellites

WLANs are Wi-Fis, they are low cost and enable high-speed mobile Internet access; links for groups

Electronic Commerce and Business Technologies

Email: eliminates telephone costs

Groupware: allows groups to participate from different locations

Voicemail: digitalized spoken message transmitted over network

Fax: digitalized documents over telephone line

Enterprise Networking VS Internetworking

Enterprise Networking arrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network and data resources

Internetworking connects all separated networks into one interconnected network

Open Systems Interconnect (IOS) and Internet Service Provider (ISP)

IOS determines multiple-layer layouts to interconnect different devices

ISP organization with permanent connection to the Internet that provides it to its clients

The Domain Name System (DNS)

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a naming system for computers, services, or any resource connected to the Internet or a private network.

It translates domain names meaningful to humans into the numerical identifiers associated with networking equipment for the purpose of locating and addressing these devices worldwide.

Intranets VS Extranets

Intranet: Firewall – a hardware or software paced between an organization’s internal and external network which prevents outsiders from using/joining private network

Extranet: Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company