TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING CENTREtec.gov.in/pdf/Newsletter/Newsletter FINAL Draft 25 APRIL...

Vol. 20 APRIL 2016 ISSUE 2

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING CENTRE

Interaction meeting of the Officer Trainees (probationers) of 2013 Batch of Indian TelecomService (ITS) / P&T Building Works Service (BWS) with the Hon’ble PRESIDENT OF INDIA

A group of Probationers of Indian Postal Service, IndianTelecom Service and P&T Building Works Service calledon the Hon’ble President of India, Shri PranabMukherjee on 09 March 2016 at Rashtrapati Bhavan.

Speaking on the occasion, the President said that thepart privatization of Postal and Telecom sector in theera of liberalization has witnessed drastic changes intechnology and exponential growth of the consumers.If we have to survive in the competitive world, we haveto keep pace with the fast changing Information andCommunication Technology.

He said that India has undergone a telecom revolution during the last two decades. The launch of mobile telephonyand faster Internet in India has enabled it to tap its vast digital potential. India is emerging as a fast digital hub.It is the need of the hour to have best quality telecom and Internet services. The numbers are likely to increase

ITS / BWS -2013 batch Officer Trainees withHonourable President

Honourable President addressing the officer trainees

exponentially with enhanced levels of education andcheaper rate of Internet and mobile telephony. Heexpressed hope that the Postal Academy and NationalTelecommunications Institute are providing requisitetechnical and non-technical inputs to enable theprobationers to take up the ensuing challenges in thepostal, telecom and building works sector. They(probationers) have to work with professionalism,transparency and integrity to meet the aspirations oflarge number of people of India.

The probationers of the Indian Postal Service arepresently undergoing professional training at the Rafi

ISO 9001:2008

Ahmed Kidwai National Academy, Ghaziabad while probationers of Indian Telecom Service and P&T BuildingWork Service are undergoing their induction training at National Tele-communications Institute for Policy Research,Innovation & Training, Ghaziabad. The Experience Sharing address was delivered by ITS Officer Trainee Ms.Khushboo Sharma. Presentation of Memento to the Honourable President of India was made by Shri DebiPrasad De, Sr. DDG (TEC/ NTIPRIT).

April 2016 2TEC Newsletter

Interaction of ITS/BWS Officer Trainees(probationers) 2014 Batch with the Hon’bleMOC&ITAn interaction of Officer Trainees of IndianTelecommunications Service and P & T BuildingWorks Service of 2014 batch with HonourableMinister of Communications & InformationTechnology Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad was held onJanuary 16, 2016 at Sanchar Bhavan, Departmentof Telecommunications, New Delhi.

Secretary Telecom Shri Rakesh Garg, Member(Services) Shri N. K. Yadav and other senior officersof DoT and National Telecommunications Institutefor Policy Research, Innovation & Training (NTIPRIT)were present in the interaction meeting.

During the meeting, the seventeen ITS officertrainees and one P&T BWS officer traineesintroduced themselves to Hon’ble MoC&IT. Most ofthe officer trainees have completed their B.Techdegree from prestigious engineering colleges suchas IITs and NITs.

Secretary Telecom, in his address stated that theofficer trainees are very talented and directed themto do the hard work and stay honest.

is moving towards digitization through theestablishment of optical fibre network called‘BharatNet’. The BharatNet network shall help Indiato move towards Digital India and ultimately leadingto adoption of Good governance practices.

Hon’ble Minister stressed that India is a happeningplace in the field of Information and CommunicationTechnology where we can have enormousdevelopment provided we have the research abilities,innovation and newer ideas. He further informedthat rigorous exercise has been undertaken in BSNLin assigning and achieving the targets and now theoperating profits of the BSNL is improving and thecustomer base is also enhancing.

Similarly, the Department of Post has also beenstriving to boost the revenue through new andinnovative services such as e-commerce.

He asked the officer trainees to think and plan aboutthe roadmap for changing face of India – adoptingand enlightening with new technologies. Hon’bleMOC&IT asked the officer trainees to become activecatalytic changers for the development of India. Thetelecom service is a developmental service whereinnovation is the key to success. He ignited the youngminds of officer trainees to come out with new ideasin the telecom sector.

Hon’ble Minister stated that with the DigitalInfrastructure being created by BharatNet, we willbe able to spread the BPO schemes in smaller citiesand towns thus creating job opportunities thereitself. There is a plan to establish call centres insmaller towns and cities and even in rural areas.This will in turn result into digital inclusion for all.

Common Service Centres (CSCs) have been createdin many villages to provide good governance servicesto rural folks. Hon’ble MOC&IT emphasised officertrainees to become good officer and maintain highestlevel of Integrity.

ITS / BWS -2014 batch Officer Trainees withHon’ble MOC&IT

Hon’ble MOC&IT welcomed the officer trainees to theDepartment of Telecommunications, Government ofIndia and apprised them the highlights of the stepsthe Department is taking towards Digital India andDigital Inclusion.

Hon’ble Minister stated that the technology ischanging very fast in the field of telecom sector. TheInternet is also growing very fast in India and infact globally we are second in Internet penetrationafter China. Mobile penetration is also increasingand showing a robust growth in India. Our country

Approvals from Jan 2016 to Mar 2016

S. Name of the Company /Name ofNo. Product & Modal No.

1 M/s Atrie Technology Pvt Ltd.1.1 High Speed Line driver, Wirespan 30002 M/s Fibcom India Ltd2.1 FIBCOM 6335 Switch node3 M/s Huawei Telecommunication India Pvt

Ltd3.1 Switching Node with N/W-N/W Interface

at STM-1, SOFTX3000 with UMG 8900


Study Paper on “Present Trends worldwidein ensuring Energy Efficient TelecomEquipment”

1.0 Introduction

In telecom networks “Green” refer to minimizingconsumption of energy through use of energy efficienttelecom technologies and renewable energyresources. Greening of telecom reflects in greentelecom equipment, green manufacturing,environmental friendly design of telecom building,telecom mobile towers and safe telecom wastedisposal.

Carbon footprint can be reduced by introducingenergy efficient telecom products by telecommanufacturers and suppliers in the present market.

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Activities at NTIPRIT (Jan.-Mar., 2016)

1. In-service training courses for DoT Officers wereconducted at NTIPRIT on the following topics:

i. IPv6 awareness Course (22 Jan) (09Participants)

ii. Electromagnetic Radiation (28-29Jan) (11Participants)

iii. Training of Govt Officers in IPv6 (22-23 Feb and15-16 Mar) ( 23 Participants)

iv. Workshop on Cyber security (22-23 Feb) (14Participants)

2. Fifteen weeks of Foundation Course of the followingbatches of Officer Trainees of ITS/BWS started atIIPA Delhi from 21st March:

i. ITS-2012 Batch (14 officers)ii. ITS-2013 Batch (4 officers)iii. P&T BWS (Electrical)-2013 Batch (3 officers)iv. P&T BWS (Civil)-2013 Batch (3 officers)v. P&T BWS (Architect)-2010 Batch (2 officers)i.

3. Technical Modules of the ITS / BWS inductioncourses as per training calendar were conductedduring this period.

Group Photo of ITS/BWS officers at IIPA, Delhi

Global Scenario- Energy Consumptions in ICT

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(Power consumption by telecom sector is 2%)


In this newsletter, there is an attempt to have a feelof vast evolving energy efficient technology trendsworldwide in telecom field.

The information and communications technology(ICT) industry alone accounts for about 2% or 860million tons of the world’s greenhouse gasemissions.

The main contributing sectors within the ICTindustry include the energy requirements ofcomputers (40%), monitors (20%), imagingequipment (11%) and general business equipment(14%) of the total energy consumptions.

Many countries have initiated steps to reduce energyconsumption and emissions in line with the KyotoProtocol of 1997, which was signed by over 160countries, including India, to reduce their emissionsof greenhouse gasses by 5%, from the 1990 level.

2.0 Importance of Green and EnergyEfficient Telecom Equipments

The importance of Green and energy efficienttelecom equipments have risen phenomenally inrecent past. In present scenario it is very muchessential to have energy saving telecom equipmentsand networks.

The main emphasis is on :

● To reduce power consumption.● To reduces Green house gas

Therefore, it is necessary to develop & evolve newenergy saving technologies and to make energyefficient equipments. Further these equipmentsshould be used in efficient & effective manner toreduce energy consumption and to increasethroughput (power consumption level).

3.0 Global initiatives in energy efficienttechnologies

Different Technologies at their relevant level playsignificant role in energy saving and reduction inpower consumption. These are:

3.1Device level Technologies: The following arethe important device level technologies.

a) Large Scale Integration micro fabrication:Smaller the Size of LSI Macro fabrication lesserthe driving Voltage which results in reductionof power consumption (linked with square ofDriving Voltage). With smaller size of LSI macro

fabrication, sufficient precaution about leakagecurrent should essentially be checked.

b) Multi core central Processing Unit (CPU): Inexecuting any work, multi low specs CPUs cansave energy over single high specs CPU. TheEnergy Consumption is linked with cube of Clockfrequency. The high performance multi-CPUhelps directly in energy saving. The Multi-coreCPU with Clock gating and sleep mode Controltechnologies help to control power supplies andclock rate. These can be configured for minimumrequired CPUs & the minimum Clock ratedepending upon the load.

c) Clock Gating: At present, LSI and its circuitsare using the clock depending upon the taskrequirements. When there is no task required,then there is no supply of clock thus saving theenergy. There should be optimal transitionbetween ON and OFF states because more energyis required in transition.

d) Power aware Virtual Memory: The energyconsumption depends upon the demand and useof memory. If any energy efficient technology isused then it generally helps in buffering thecache memory.

e) Advanced power amplifier: In base station ofwireless network, the Power amplifier consumesthe largest percentage of total power. An efficientpower amplifier helps in reducing powerconsumption. Energy can be saved with the helpof a technology which is known as Digital PreDistortion (DPD). Whenever distortion occurs inpower amplifier, this technology helps to cancelthe distortion in opposite direction.

3.2 Equipment Level Technologies:

This type of technology is applicable for a set ofDevices e.g. router/ switches/ GPON/ GEPON etc.

(1) Sleep mode: This technology helps in reducingthe energy consumption when equipment andfunctions are put on sleep mode/not in use. Itis applied at equipment level as well as networklevel. Equipment without sleep mode consumesconstant energy depending upon the maximumtraffic to be adopted. Sleep mode helps in savingpower when less traffic implies. If traffic inparallel path is less then maximum, some trafficcan be diverted into one path. The unconcerned(not in functioning) equipment to the path canbe put on sleep mode to save energy.


Solution Available in Sleep mode are :

(a) Maintaining proxy: This serve when networkis in sleep mode and responds to routinenetwork traffic.

(b) Energy efficient Ethernet protocol developed bythe energy efficient task force (IEEE 802.3az)

(c) L2 Power saving mode combined with ADSL 2and ADSL plus technology.

(d) In wireless network: Sleep mode controlsoftware and operation are provisioned in mobilebase station and devices. Sleep mode controlsoftware shutdown low traffic band for the cell/ whole base station. Mobile devices during sleepmode operation changes the state from sleepmode to listening mode for reducing the powerconsumption of the battery.

(e) Adaptive link rate (ALR) and dynamic voltagescaling (DVS): This energy saving provision modefor network equipment (ALR: interface link speed(Bit Rate)) is controlled by amount of traffic tobe handled. In DVS: Driving voltage of the CPU,network interface card and hard disc should becontrolled according to traffic to handle.

(f) CACHE SERVER: When a user use contentsmultiple time or multiuser use the same contentrepeatedly, the avoidable traffic can be reducedif contents are cached. And it further reducesthe band width.

(g) Sorry Server: This type of server is used whenunavailability of the service occurs due totemporary traffic congestion. Due to which someuser may leave their demand & it will reducethe traffic.

(h) Shaping: If the output rate of packets is lowerthan the potential link rate of control, then itwill save the energy of the other subsequentnodes and these other nodes may be nearlyoperated to the maximum date rate.

(2) Smart Antenna Technologies: The following arethe various smart antenna technologies :-

(a) MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Out) use smartprocessing algorithms with multiple arrays atboth the transmitter and receiver. It can controlthe directionality of reception/transmissionsignal which reduces interference with othersignals resulting in higher data transfer ratesas compared to single input single output(SISO)

under same power budget and bit error rateperformance.

(b) Compact Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs):These types of base stations are fitted withoutground shelters and cooling equipments whichultimately reduces the energy consumption.These BTSs support features like multipleantenna per sector with multiple input multi-output (MIMO) and beam forming.

(c) Optical Network Node: It is an energy efficienttechnology for transmission interface andswitching fabrics to a network node. Opticalnetwork node can handle speed of Tbps or more.This help in network energy efficiency by largeamount of traffic aggregation along with node.Optical packet switching helps in improving thenetwork energy efficiency because optical toelectrical and electrical to optical translation isavoided which saves considerable amount ofenergy.

(d) Relay station: This type of technology helps todeliver data at destination node with multiplewireless links. As each link has independentfading channels, diversity gains may beachieved which in turn improve the spectralefficiency. It also helps for reducing the time totransmit a fixed amount of data which furtherreduce energy consumption.

3.3 Network level Technologies: This level includethose technologies which are applied in network,protocols applied for routing etc.

(a) Circuit switching: As compared to packetswitching, which is having energy consumingmemory devices like SRAM and CAM for routinginformation, the circuit switching use lessenergy. circuit switching is more useful andefficient for streaming traffic (video streaming).However, The main draws back are :-

(i) every connection occupies line, even when thereis less traffic. Traffic cannot be easily routedthrough remaining lines (resources),

(ii) the packet level statistical multiplexing functionfor link utilization cannot be handled by circuitswitching which reduces the network energyefficiency.

(b) Burst switching: In order to save energy at corerouters, packets are prepared for data burst atedge routers. With this, the processing operation


at core routers decreases. Similarly, Opticalburst switching results in better networkutilization. With efficient utilization ofbandwidth, the set-up is faster as compared tooptical circuit switching. Further efficientprocessing reduces the operational energyconsumption in core network.

(c) Transmission scheduling: Traffic/Packetsbuffer is reduced at the network nodes with thetiming of packet transmission and to furtherminimize the waiting time at each node. Designedbuffer capacity is important aspects to checkpacket loss. To regulate the network, timing ofpacket transmission for each node in multiplenodes environment should be seen. As a result,with optimum transmission scheduling, energyconsumption may be reduced.

(d) Energy consumption based routing andtraffic engineering: In this technology,Optimum use of traffic route is to reduce energyconsumption network wise. Important processrelated to it are traffic aggregation, multiple pathrouting and network coding. With sleep modeconcept, traffic aggregation to limited set of routesand remaining (unused nodes) to operate in sleepmode to save energy.

It takes care of protocols functionality along withprotocols available in other layers (MPLSperformed in IP network) traffic can betransferred by using lower-level simpler layers.It tries to simplify functionality of protocol e.g.extending IP capability from access network tobackhaul to provide full IP network commonplatform.

(e) Content delivery networks: In order to delivercontent energy efficiently, access server nearerthan the (distant) main server is used to savebandwidth, energy and resources related todistance.

(f) Traffic peak shifting: It shows the maximumtraffic transmission during off-peak hourswhich internally reduce maximum trafficaccommodation in general.

(g) Small cell design: macro cell is replaced bymicro cell, pico cell and femto cell. The smallcell utilizes less energy. It can save energy fortransmitting a radio signal. As power loss overa wireless channel is related to distance. Femtocell can provide better indoor voice and datacoverage with lower transmit power. It has bettersignal to interference noise ratio.

(h) Energy consumption aware networkplanning: It deals with Network level design andplanning for better energy efficient networkswith the help of energy consumption report andnetwork outage reports. Static part deals withphysical network and routing policy to saveenergy, whereas Dynamic part play role indynamic traffic management to attain maximumenergy efficiency.

4.0 Energy Saving Certificate PracticesWorld Wide

Broadly, there are two types of energy savingcertificates: -

4.1White certificates:- When determining theextent of energy saving, the energy use iscompared against a baseline, which is anestimate of the energy use in the absence of anyattempt at saving energy. In environmentalpolicy, “white certificates” are documentscertifying that a certain reduction of energyconsumption has been attained. In mostapplications, the white certificates are tradableand combined with an obligation to achieve acertain target of energy savings.

A white certificate, also referred to as an EnergySavings Certificate (ESC), Energy EfficiencyCredit (EEC), or white tag, is an instrumentissued by an authorized body guaranteeing thata specified amount of energy savings has beenachieved. Each certificate is a unique andtradable commodity carrying a property rightover a certain amount of additional energysavings and guaranteeing that the benefit ofthese savings has not been accounted forelsewhere.

4.2Green certificate:- A Green Certificate is aterminology used in Europe also known asRenewable Energy Certificates (RECs) in theUSA, is tradable commodity proving that certainelectricity is generated using renewable energysources.

Typically one certificate represents generationof 1 Megawatt hour of electricity. What is definedas “renewable” varies from certificate tradingscheme to trading scheme. Usually, at least thefollowing sources are considered as renewable:-

● Wind (often further divided into onshore andoffshore);


● Solar (often further divided into photovoltaic andthermal);

● Wave and tidal (often further divided intoonshore and offshore),

● Geothermal, Hydro (often further divided intosmall - micro hydro and large),

● Biomass (mainly bio-fuels, often further dividedby actual fuel used).

Green certificates represent the environmentalvalue of renewable energy generated.

5.0 Various international energyefficiency testing standards fortelecom equipments

(a) ETSI.TS102533 : Energy consumption in broadband telecommunication network equipment.This is a Technical Specification. It defines thetest methods and power targets for BroadbandAccess equipment.

(b) ETSI.TS102706 : Energy efficiency of wirelessaccess network equipment. This is a TechnicalSpecification which defines the criteria for theassessment of power consumption in WirelessAccess Networks.

(c) Draft available at Working Group level DTS/EE-00022 Energy Efficiency of Wireless AccessNetwork Equipment, is the revision of thepresent TS 102 706 to define efficiencyparameters taking into account traffic load.

(d) Draft available at Working Group level DTS/EE-00023 Measurement Methods for PowerConsumption in Transport TelecommunicationNetworks Equipment will be a TechnicalSpecification, which will define themeasurement methods for power consumptionand efficiency indicators for transportequipment.

(e) CENELEC Liaison will be established withCENELEC JWG on the mandate M/439 on thestandardization in the field of standby and off-mode power consumption measurement forenergy using products.

(f) ETSI ES 203 136 V1.0.0 (2013-03)Environmental Engineering (EE); Measurementmethods for energy efficiency of router andswitch equipment.

(g) ITU recommendation: L.1310 Energy efficiencymetrics and measurement forTelecommunication equipment.

(h) ATIS-0600015.03.2009; (07/2009): Energyefficiency for telecommunication equipment:-Methodology for measurement and reporting forrouter and Ethernet switch products.

6.0 Conclusion

As the telecom infrastructure and telecom networksare growing exponentially, the energy efficienttechnologies have become the necessity of the day.The energy efficient technologies may bring changesfor betterment of telecom component, equipment andnetwork level development. Reduction in Greenhouse Gas emission is now consider as corporatesocial responsibility (CSR) of telecom manufacturingindustry and telecom operators.

Several countries like USA, China, France, Indiaetc. have adopted reduction in carbon footprint asCSR and are working in this direction. Telecomnetwork operators & equipments manufacturers aretaking initiatives to gain competitive advantage byreducing the power requirements of their equipment.

References:-

1. ITU standards,2. TRAI paper on green telecom3. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/demand/

legislation/doc/neeap/france_en.pdf4. White certificates Source: http://en.

wikipedia.org/

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Other Activity● National Working Group 15 & 17 meeting held in TEC.● Meeting of Working Group on “Technology &

Manufacturing Roadmap” held in C-DoT, Delhi.● 13th meeting of core group for Green

Telecommunications.● One Contribution regarding ITU-T G.652D and G.657

was submitted to SG-15 of ITU –T.

Important Activities of TEC during JAN 16 to MAR 16

DISCLAIMER : TEC Newsletter provides general technical information only and it does not reflect the views of DoT,TRAI or any other organisation. TEC/Editor shall not be responsible for any errors, omissions or incompleteness.

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Editor : Sunil Porohit, DDG (NGS) Phone : 23329354 Fax : 23318724 E-mail : [email protected] Pri

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New GRs/IRs issued● GR on Controller, LAN Switches, Carrier Ethernet

Switches and Routers for SDN● GR on Integrated System , SD on eMS● GR on 4.8 m and 6.3 m Earth Station Antenna system

operating in C-band● GR on 20W to 100W C-band Satellite Block up Converter

(BUC), GR on 400W and 750W TWT High Power Amplifieroperating in Ku-band

● GR on Lithium Ion Battery for Telecom Application● GR on Ethernet Traffic Analyser up to 10G (Hand Held)● GR on 40/80 Channel DWDM System with Channel Bit

rates of 100Gbps for Core/Metro Network ApplicationsRevised GRs/IRs issued● GR on Low Noise Block Converter in C-band● GR on Local Multipoint Distribution system in 10.5 GHz,

26 GHz and 28 GHz frequency band● GR on Hand Held Spectrum Analyser (100 Khz-3.0 GHz)● GR on Radio Modem in ISM band● GR on Solar Photo voltaic (SPV) Power Supply for Fixed

Wireless Terminal & similar systemsDCC Meeting conducted● IR on High Speed Line Driver● IR on Ethernet to G.703 Interface converter● GR on Call Center, Requirement of IPv6 in Core NetworkStudy/White Papers issued● Smart Grid Security, Security in SDN Networks● Wireless backhaul solutions for small cells● Lightening and Surge Protection in Telecom Networks● Emerging Optical Switching Techniques (Waveband

Switching and Photonic Slot Routing)● Energy storage platform, Energy efficiency testing of

telecom equipment & Green Telecom● Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and its impact on

future Telecom Network, Intellectual Property Rights(IPR’s) in the perspective of Telecom

● GL on Measurement Metrices and MeasurementMethodology for GSM BS in Static mode for GreenPassport

Approvals issued by TEC during the period fromJan 2016 to Mar 2016

Interface Approvals............................................03Type Approvals ..................................................0Certificate of Approval.........................................0

Representation of TEC in Training/Seminar/Meetings

● ITU-T SG-12 & 15 meetings at Geneva● Wi–Fi India, Digital India 24th Convergence summits-

2016 held in New Delhi● Meeting on Future Development in Telecom sector held

in CSOI, New Delhi● Conference on Spectrum Management held in New Delhi● Workshop on EMF Measurement for 3G, 4G stations

held in DoT● EU Training on RED, LVD & EMC directives in Feb-16

TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING CENTREtec.gov.in/pdf/Newsletter/Newsletter FINAL Draft 25 APRIL...

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