TED 304 – Designs in Bio- Related Technology Definitions and Comparisons of Biotechnology and...

TED 304 – Designs in Bio-TED 304 – Designs in Bio-Related TechnologyRelated Technology

Definitions and Definitions and Comparisons of Comparisons of

Biotechnology and Biotechnology and Bio-Related TechnologyBio-Related Technology

Selected DefinitionsSelected Definitionsby Graceby Grace

Bio-Related Technology is the commercialization Bio-Related Technology is the commercialization of cell biology. of cell biology.

Bio-Related Technology is an umbrella term that Bio-Related Technology is an umbrella term that covers various techniques for using the properties covers various techniques for using the properties of living things to make products or provide of living things to make products or provide services. services.

Bio-Related Technology is an umbrella term that Bio-Related Technology is an umbrella term that covers various techniques for using the properties covers various techniques for using the properties of living to make products or provide services.of living to make products or provide services.

Selected DefinitionsSelected DefinitionsBiotechnologyBiotechnology

Biotechnology is the use of living things, Biotechnology is the use of living things, especially cells and bacteria, in industrial especially cells and bacteria, in industrial processes (Cambridge) processes (Cambridge) Biotechnology is the application of the Biotechnology is the application of the principles of engineering and technology to the principles of engineering and technology to the life sciences (The American Heritage).life sciences (The American Heritage).Bio-Related Technology is any technique that Bio-Related Technology is any technique that uses living organisms to make or modify uses living organisms to make or modify products, plants and animals. (Federal products, plants and animals. (Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology)and Technology)


Biotechnology is the application of Biotechnology is the application of scientific knowledge to transfer beneficial scientific knowledge to transfer beneficial genetic traits from one species to genetic traits from one species to another to enhance or protect an another to enhance or protect an organism.(DuPont)organism.(DuPont)Biotechnology is the deliberate Biotechnology is the deliberate manipulation of DNA molecules to manipulation of DNA molecules to produce commercial products from living produce commercial products from living organisms.(Webber) organisms.(Webber)


Biotechnology is a set of biological techniques Biotechnology is a set of biological techniques developed through basic research and now developed through basic research and now applied to research and product development. applied to research and product development. In particular, the use by industry of In particular, the use by industry of recombinant DNA, cell fusion, and new recombinant DNA, cell fusion, and new bioprocessing techniques.(Lefers)bioprocessing techniques.(Lefers)Bio-Related Technology is the manipulation of Bio-Related Technology is the manipulation of biological organisms to make products to biological organisms to make products to benefit human beings. Biotechnology benefit human beings. Biotechnology contributes to such diverse areas as food contributes to such diverse areas as food production, waste disposal, mining, and production, waste disposal, mining, and medicine. (Levine) medicine. (Levine)

Selected DefinitionsSelected DefinitionsBio-Related TechnologyBio-Related Technology

Bio-Related Technology is the use of Bio-Related Technology is the use of living organisms to make commercial living organisms to make commercial products. (Barrow)products. (Barrow)Bio-Related Technology is the practical Bio-Related Technology is the practical application of mechanical devices, application of mechanical devices, products, substances, or organisms to products, substances, or organisms to improve health or contribute to the improve health or contribute to the harmony between humans and their harmony between humans and their environment. (Applied Technologies)environment. (Applied Technologies)


Bio-related technology applies to the Bio-related technology applies to the production process techniques relating to the production process techniques relating to the products of agriculture, and the biological products of agriculture, and the biological processes tied to fuel and material production processes tied to fuel and material production such as waste treatment, recycling, and such as waste treatment, recycling, and hydroponics. (DOE Mass) hydroponics. (DOE Mass) Bio-Related Technology is the practical Bio-Related Technology is the practical application of mechanical devices, products, application of mechanical devices, products, substances, or organisms to provide health or substances, or organisms to provide health or harmony between humans and their harmony between humans and their environment. (Savage)environment. (Savage)


Bio-Related Technology is a broad field which Bio-Related Technology is a broad field which includes seven major areas: bioengineering, includes seven major areas: bioengineering, health care, cultivation of plants and animals, health care, cultivation of plants and animals, fuel and chemical production, waste fuel and chemical production, waste management and treatment, materials management and treatment, materials applications, and regulation and safety. It applications, and regulation and safety. It implies the practical application of mechanical implies the practical application of mechanical devices, products, substances, or organisms to devices, products, substances, or organisms to improve health or contribute to the harmony improve health or contribute to the harmony between humans and their environment. between humans and their environment. (Savage)(Savage)

Working DefinitionWorking DefinitionBio-Related Technology is a broad field which Bio-Related Technology is a broad field which includes seven major areas: bioengineering, includes seven major areas: bioengineering, health care, cultivation of plants and animals, health care, cultivation of plants and animals, fuel and chemical production, waste fuel and chemical production, waste management and treatment, materials management and treatment, materials applications, and regulation and safety. It applications, and regulation and safety. It implies the practical application of mechanical implies the practical application of mechanical devices, products, substances, or organisms to devices, products, substances, or organisms to improve health or contribute to the harmony improve health or contribute to the harmony between humans and their environment.between humans and their environment.

Key ConceptsKey ConceptsBiotechnologyBiotechnology

Biotechnology is any technique that uses Biotechnology is any technique that uses living organisms (or parts of organisms) to living organisms (or parts of organisms) to make or modify products, to improve make or modify products, to improve plants or animals, or to develop plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific use.microorganisms for specific use.

ScientificScientific in nature: involves chemicals in nature: involves chemicals and their interaction with enzymes and and their interaction with enzymes and other living organisms.other living organisms.


Eight major areas of study:Eight major areas of study:

Foundations of BiotechnologyFoundations of Biotechnology– Definition of BiotechnologyDefinition of Biotechnology– Historical backgroundHistorical background– Relevant termsRelevant terms– Career informationCareer information– Social impactSocial impact



EnvironmentEnvironment– BioremediationBioremediation– Biological controlsBiological controls– Biotreatment systemsBiotreatment systems– BiorestorationBiorestoration– Environmental safetyEnvironmental safety



AgricultureAgriculture– Tissue culturingTissue culturing– Plant & animal applicationsPlant & animal applications– AgrichemicalsAgrichemicals– AquacultureAquaculture– Food scienceFood science



BioprocessingBioprocessing– FermentationFermentation– Bio-productsBio-products– Microbial applicationsMicrobial applications– Separation & purification techniquesSeparation & purification techniques– Processing design: monitor & growthProcessing design: monitor & growth



Genetic EngineeringGenetic Engineering– Probing techniquesProbing techniques– Genetic engineering applicationsGenetic engineering applications– Genetic codeGenetic code– Molecular bio techniquesMolecular bio techniques– Analysis of DNAAnalysis of DNA



BiochemistryBiochemistry– EnzymologyEnzymology– Control & regulationControl & regulation– ProteinsProteins– Methods of analysisMethods of analysis– Carbohydrates Carbohydrates



MedicineMedicine– Molecular medicineMolecular medicine– ImmunologyImmunology– Genetic therapeuticsGenetic therapeutics– Health care TechnologiesHealth care Technologies– Social impactSocial impact



BioethicsBioethics– Principles of ethicsPrinciples of ethics– Impacts of using biotechnologyImpacts of using biotechnology– Potentials of gene therapyPotentials of gene therapy– Patenting of lifePatenting of life– ForensicsForensics

Sources: Sources: http://www.access.wvu.edu/class/jgw/tebc/tebcpublic/http://www.access.wvu.edu/class/jgw/tebc/tebcpublic/


Scientific in natureScientific in nature

Manipulation of the biological entityManipulation of the biological entity

Use of living organisms (or part of)Use of living organisms (or part of)

Operates at the molecular level of lifeOperates at the molecular level of life

Key ConceptsKey ConceptsBio-Related TechnologyBio-Related Technology

Bio-related Technology is the practical Bio-related Technology is the practical application of mechanical devices, application of mechanical devices, products, substances, or organisms to products, substances, or organisms to improve health or contribute to the improve health or contribute to the harmony between humans and the harmony between humans and the environment.environment.TechnologicalTechnological in nature: involves in nature: involves technological devices and effect on living technological devices and effect on living organisms.organisms.


Seven major areas of study:Seven major areas of study:

Bioengineering (ergonomics)Bioengineering (ergonomics)– Protection (safe environment)Protection (safe environment)– Physical enhancement (prosthetics, glasses, Physical enhancement (prosthetics, glasses,

etc.)etc.)– Ecological managementEcological management– Personal health application (biofeedback)Personal health application (biofeedback)



Health CareHealth Care– Prevention (vaccines)Prevention (vaccines)– DiagnosisDiagnosis– Treatment (diet, lifestyle changes, organ Treatment (diet, lifestyle changes, organ

transplants, etc.)transplants, etc.)– Support systems and services (physical Support systems and services (physical

therapy & rehabilitation)therapy & rehabilitation)



Cultivation of PlantsCultivation of Plants– Cultivation (hydroponics)Cultivation (hydroponics)– Genetic improvementGenetic improvement– Pest controlPest control– Resource managementResource management– Food and beverage processing (fermentation)Food and beverage processing (fermentation)



Fuel and Chemical ProductionFuel and Chemical Production– Biomass generation (creation of fuel from bio Biomass generation (creation of fuel from bio

products)products)– Processing (distilling fuel & chemicals from Processing (distilling fuel & chemicals from

other products)other products)– Synthetic development (substitutes)Synthetic development (substitutes)



Waste ManagementWaste Management– Chemical and biological processingChemical and biological processing– Recycling (organic & inorganic treatment, Recycling (organic & inorganic treatment,

landfills, toxic waste, etc.)landfills, toxic waste, etc.)



Biotechnological Materials ApplicationsBiotechnological Materials Applications– Chemical transformationChemical transformation– Biological separatingBiological separating– Biodegradation of materialsBiodegradation of materials



Regulations and SafetyRegulations and Safety– Public policy developmentPublic policy development– Process design & testingProcess design & testing– Food and drug safetyFood and drug safety– Environmental protectionEnvironmental protection– Future planningFuture planning



Sources:Sources:

http://ernie.bgsu.edu/~esavage/biorelated/http://ernie.bgsu.edu/~esavage/biorelated/

Savage, Ernest N., Rossner, Albert G., and Savage, Ernest N., Rossner, Albert G., and Finke, Gary D. (1993). Finke, Gary D. (1993). Bio-related TechnologyBio-related Technology. . Delmar Publishers Inc., Albany, NY.Delmar Publishers Inc., Albany, NY.

Savage, Ernest N. & Brown, Angelo D. (1999). Savage, Ernest N. & Brown, Angelo D. (1999). Clearing up the Bio-confusionClearing up the Bio-confusion. Paper presented . Paper presented at the 1999 ITEA Conference in Indianapolis, IN. at the 1999 ITEA Conference in Indianapolis, IN.


Practical ApplicationsPractical Applications

Improve human capabilitiesImprove human capabilities

Use of biological entitiesUse of biological entities

Application of scientific knowledgeApplication of scientific knowledge

Application of engineering principlesApplication of engineering principles

Application of technological principlesApplication of technological principles

Application of Biological scienceApplication of Biological science

Key ConceptsKey Concepts

Using properties of living things Using properties of living things

Application of mechanical devices, Application of mechanical devices, products, substances or organismsproducts, substances or organisms

Applied to the production of goods or Applied to the production of goods or servicesservices

Key ConceptsKey Concepts

Seven main areas:Seven main areas:– BioengineeringBioengineering– Health careHealth care– Cultivation of plants and animalsCultivation of plants and animals– Fuel and chemical productionFuel and chemical production– Waste management and treatmentWaste management and treatment– Materials applicationsMaterials applications– Regulation and safetyRegulation and safety

TED 304 – Designs in Bio- Related Technology Definitions and Comparisons of Biotechnology and...

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