Solving technological problems

&

Techniques for graphic representation

Section I. SOLVING TECHNOLOGY PROBLEMS

Unit 1. Technology. Technological processes

Section II. IT AND THE INTERNET

Unit 2. Hardware and software

Unit 3. The Internet

Section III. MATERIALS USED IN TECHNOLOGY

Unit 4. Materials

Unit 5. Wood and its derivatives

Unit 6. Metals

Section IV. TECHNIQUES FOR GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION

Unit 7. Graphic expression and communication

Section V. STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMS

Unit 8. Structures

Unit 9. Mechanisms

Section VI. ENERGY. HEAT ENGINES

Unit 10. Energy

Section VII. ELECTRICITY

Unit 11. Electricity

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Technology is the science and the practical application of

knowledge and techniques, to design and create objects or

systems which solve our problems and/or satisfy our needs.

For the construction of any product we have to use:

Materials (those which an object is made)

Technical work (the way you construct and the materials you

use).

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NEEDS EXAMPLES

Food (Nurture), Home, get dressed (wrap up warm)

Health

Cleaning

Education

Security

Means of transport. Travelling

Communication

Free (Spare) time

Working easily

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Does the manufacture of stone tools by early humans

could be defined as Technology?

Are maths technology?

Is construction Technology?

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•Everybody has to:

1. Copy the activities in

your notebook.

2. Answer them in groups

following the examples.

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Computers

room

Blackboard

Interactive

whiteboard

StoreroomMaterial and projects

Workbench

First aid kit

Tool Panel

Machine Zone

Desk

Stool

Library

To prevent accidents in the workshop, you must always followyour teacher's instructions you must tell him if you have anykind of accident.

Here are some rules: You must use tools and machines properly.

Use the right tools and machines for the right task.

Make sure tools and machines are in perfect condition before usingthem.

Don't wear necklaces, rings, scarves and loose hair because theymight get caught in the machines.

Keep your table (workstation) clean and tidy while you work andwhen you finish your task. The workshop has to be clean and tidytoo.

Take care of tools, machines and workshop.

Try to work quietly

Keep your hands clean and dry, especially when you use machines.

Don’t unnecessarily waste materials and use it as efficiently aspossible

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Projects are made in group. There are advantages anddisadvantages

Share construction work.

Think more and better.

Search for information better and more effectively.

Group members who want to do everything or nothing.

Work in technology has to be well organized so everymember of the group must have an assigned task:

The coordinator is responsible for organizing the teamwork.This person represents the group.

The person responsible for the material, the tools andmachines. This person is in charge of collecting and returningthe material, the materials left which are no longer requiredand the same person will have to clean the workstations.

The secretary. The person in charge of collecting, checkingand organizing all the written documents o reports

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1Reporting

Proposal or Need

Looking for solutions (Backgrounds)

Planning (Process sheet, estimate)

Constructing

Testing and checking

Designing (Graphic representation)

Pencils and rubber

Pencils have a wooden case with a lead

inside made of graphite and clay. The lead is

softer (B) or harder (H) depending on the

amount of graphite and clay it contains.

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Paper

Classified by:

Size: There are different formats of paper. The most

common is DIN A4.

Finish:

Colour/color. (White or coloured)

Shiny. (matted or glossy)

Texture. (Smooth Rough)

Weight / thickness. 60 - 80 g/m2.

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Sketch Initial drawing

With fundamental elements

Freehand made

Diagram Has more information

Measurements

Freehand or not

Technical drawing Exact (Accurate)

Drawn with tools

Dimension are written

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Scale

Enlargement (enlarging) scale: make bigger. 2:1 means

twice bigger size than real object

Reduction (reducing) scale: make smaller. 1:2 means

half size than real object

Full scale: 1:1. Same size.

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Dimensions

Dimension.- number of the real measurement.

Dimension line.- A parallel line

Extension line.-

Symbols.- arrows or sloping lines

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Views: You can represent an object using views.

The main views of an object are the:

Front view: It is the view from the front of the object.

Overhead view: It is the view from above the object.

Side view: It is the view from the side of the object.

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Perspective-Projection link

Cavalier (cabinet)

CAD (Computer Assisted Design)

3D and 2D

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