Technology, Higher Education and the Public Interest
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Transcript of Technology, Higher Education and the Public Interest
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cILLINOIS BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION
June 8, 1999 Aurora, IL
Technology, Higher Education and the Public Interest
Sir John DanielVice-Chancellor, The Open University, UKPresident, United States Open University
For text: http://www.open.ac.uk/vcs-speeches/
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cFour issues:
- Why distance learning?
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cFour issues:
- Why distance learning?
- Benefits of distance learning
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cFour issues:
- Why distance learning?
- Benefits of distance learning
- Technology in Illinois
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cFour issues:
- Why distance learning?
- Benefits of distance learning
- Technology in Illinois
- United States Open University
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cFour issues:
What can distance learning do for you?
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cTECHNOLOGY IS THE ANSWER:
WHAT WAS THE QUESTION?
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c
COST
AC
CE
SS
QU
ALITY
THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE
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cOR QUADRILATERAL...
COST
AC
CE
SS
FL
EX
IBIL
ITY
QUALITY
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c
COST
AC
CE
SS
QU
ALITY
THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE
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c WHAT
ABOUT
QUALITY?
?
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cUK Quality Assurance Agency for HE
1. Audit of QA processes
2. Assessment of Teaching Quality
3. Assessment of Research
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c CHALLENGES
• Access• Cost• Flexibility
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c
QUALITY
THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE
FLEXIBILITY COST
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c
COST
AC
CE
SS
QU
ALITY
THE ETERNALLY CHALLENGING TRIANGLE
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cWhat is technology?
…the application of scientific and other organized knowledge to practical tasks by organizations consisting of people and machines..
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c“new applications of technology
rather than
applications of new technology”
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c Distance learning uses
hard and soft technologies...
the soft technologies of approaches and
processes
the hard technologies of bits and electrons
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cTHE KEY soft TECHNOLOGIES
- DIVISION OF LABOR
- SPECIALIZATION
- TEAMWORK
- PROJECT MANAGEMENT
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cMEGA-UNIVERSITYMEGA-UNIVERSITY
distance teaching 100,000+ students unitary structure
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cTHE MEGA-UNIVERSITIES
CHINA: TV university system
FRANCE: Centre National d’Enseignement à Distance
INDIA: Indira Gandhi National Open University
INDONESIA: Universitas Terbuka
IRAN: Payame Noor University
KOREA: Korea National Open University
SOUTH AFRICA: University of South Africa
SPAIN: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
THAILAND: Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University
TURKEY: Anadolu University
UNITED KINGDOM: The Open University
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cCosts compared:
USA (1996)
3,500 institutions
14 million students
$175 billion spent on HE
= ~$12,500 per student
MEGA-UNIVERSITIES (1996)
11 institutions
2.8 million students
$ 1 billion total budgets
= ~$350 per student
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cUnit costs per student expressed as % of
average unit costs in each national university system
CHINA
FRANCE
INDIA
INDONESIA
IRAN
KOREA
S. AFRICA
SPAIN
THAILAND
TURKEY
UK
China TV University system
Centre National d’Enseignement a Distance
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Universitas Terbuka
Payame Noor University
Korea National Open University
University of South Africa
Univ. Nat. de Educacion a Distancia
Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University
Anadolu University
The Open University
%
40
50
35
15
25
5
50
40
30
10
60
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c WHAT
ABOUT
QUALITY?
?
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cBRITAIN’S TOP TWENTY
UNIVERSITIES(Quality Rankings of Teaching
Programmes)
1 Cambridge 12 Lancaster 2 York 13 St Andrews 3 Oxford 14 Loughborough 4 Imperial 15 Southampton 5 LSE 16 Cardiff 6 Warwick 17 Glasgow 7 Nottingham 18 Bangor 8 Durham 19 Birmingham 9 University College London 20 Bristol10 Sheffield11 OPEN UNIVERSITY
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c United Kingdom 1998
Teaching Quality Assessment of
GENERAL ENGINEERING
24/24 The Open University
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c United Kingdom 1998
Teaching Quality Assessment of
GENERAL ENGINEERING
24/24 The Open University23/24 Cambridge University
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cFACT
The majority of all students in English universities studying in excellent-rated programs in:
Earth SciencesMusicChemistryGeneral Engineering
are Open University students.
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cThe link between quality and exclusivity, that has tarnished
universities throughout history, has finally been broken.
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cThe Open University?
- why
- what?
- who?
- when?
- where?
- how?
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cQ: WHY?
Political input
1. Harold Wilson: Access; Use of broadcasting2. Jennie Lee Quality; Autonomy3. Margaret Thatcher Lower costs
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cThe Open University mission
- open to people
- open to places
- open to methods
- open to ideas
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c The Open University- degree students: 160,000
- graduate school: 30,000
- research degree: 1,500
- outside UK: 30,000
- annual budget ~$400m
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c The Open UniversityTotal staff: 11,000
Full-time faculty: 800
Associate faculty: 7,500
Other full-time staff: 2,800
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c The Open University
- outside UK: 30,000
- main examination session: 156,000 scripts; 111 countries
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cSUCCESSFUL
SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING
- Quality materials
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cSUCCESSFUL
SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING
- Quality materials
- Support for each student
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cSUCCESSFUL
SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING
- Quality materials
- Support for each student
- Good logistics
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cSUCCESSFUL
SUPPORTED OPEN LEARNING
- Quality materials
- Support for each student
- Good logistics
- Roots in research
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cTHE INSTITUTE FOR
EDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY
THE INSTITUTE FOREDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY
- advice on course design
- student surveys
- teaching effectiveness
- consultancy
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c THE KNOWLEDGE MEDIAINSTITUTE
THE KNOWLEDGE MEDIAINSTITUTE
- Leading edge development of the Web;
- Scaling up Net technologies;
- Enabling technologies
- New Internet applications
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cFour issues:
- Why distance learning?
- Benefits of distance learning
- Technology in Illinois
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cRequisite Variety in Illinois
1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home
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cRequisite Variety in Illinois
1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home
2. Online Library Services and DE
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cRequisite Variety in Illinois
1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home
2. Online Library Services and DE
3. Satellite-based instruction (N.Leigh)
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cRequisite Variety in Illinois
1. Illinois Video Education Network - extending into the home
2. Online Library Services and DE
3. Satellite-based instruction (N.Leigh)
4. TechKnowledgy Project
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cThe Open University
in the USA
- Partnerships: with FSU (Masters, Upper Division)
with CSU (CalStateTeach)
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cThe Open University
in the USA
- Partnerships: with FSU (Masters, Upper Division)
with CSU (CalStateTeach)
- Sister University:
United States Open University
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cUnited States Open University
- own programs:
Master’s, Upper Division
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cUnited States Open University
- own programs:
Master’s, Upper Division
- partnerships:
universities; community colleges
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cUnited States Open University
Competency + credit
Western Governors University
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cILLINOIS BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION
June 8, 1999 Aurora, IL
Technology, Higher Education and the Public Interest
Sir John DanielVice-Chancellor, The Open University, UKPresident, United States Open University
For text: http://www.open.ac.uk/vcs-speeches/
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