Technology details, potential and experiences

of Trigeneration

C VijayakumarThe Energy and Resources Institute

Bangalore

Workshop on ‘Innovative and Sustainable Energy Technologies for developing Countries : Opportunities and Challenges 28th May 2014, New Delhi

• What is Trigeneration?• How it works?• Why Trigeneration?• Potential for trigeneration• Experiences

What is?

Trigeneration - Process by which electricity, heat and cold were produced simultaneously.   

What is?

Generator, Vapour absorption machine and hot water generator   

Electricity – Main product.

Waste heat – To generate hot water for heating and air-conditioning

How it works?

Energy Utilisation in Generator

Efficiency• Generator – 35 – 40%• Co-generation system – 50 – 70%• Tri-generation system – 80 – 90%

Why Trigeneration?

• Trigeneration systems supply energy in three forms:

•Electricity, Heat, Chilled water

• Higher combined efficiency (85% - 90%)

• Savings on fuel and energy costs

• Reduction in T & D losses

Why Trigeneration?

Why Trigeneration?

• Reduction in GHG emission (About 30 - 50%)

• Lower electrical usage during peak summer demand

• No harmful chemical pollutants since water is used as

the refrigerant in chiller

• Increased power reliability

• Back-up power to the site

Potential

Potential Target Areas

Trigeneration plants can be placed such as:

• Hospital and health facilities• Hotels and hospitality venues• Industries and manufacturing plants • Commercial and retail facilities• Airports• Data centres

Experiences

Airport

Airport

Location –Sabiha GÖkcen International airport, Istanbul

Make: Caterpillar

Fuel: Natural gas

Power: 2000kW

Heating: 1180kW

Cooling: 1535kW

Efficiency: ~ 84 - 87%

• Replaces one centrifugal chiller operating in part load whenever the system is in line.

Commercial Building

Location – A commercial building in New Delhi

Fuel: Piped Natural gas

Power: 330kWe

Heating: 80kW

Cooling: 385kW

Efficiency: ~77%

* GHG emissions reduced by about 57%

Government Facility

Location – Tamil Nadu Guest House• Fuel: Natural gas• Power: 350kW• Heating: 50kW• Cooling demand: 1285kW (370kW from VAM)• System operated during power failures

Annual cost savings: 73 lakhs

Investment cost: 330 lakhs

Payback period: 4.5 years

* Courtesy: GTZ, IGEN

Pharmaceutical Company

Location – Singapore

Fuel: Natural gas

Power: 10MW

Heating: 25TPH of steam

Cooling: 4000 TR

• Avoided use of conventional chillers• Waste heat utilised to meet process steam demand and plant

chilled water demand.

Pharmaceutical Company

Location – Singapore

Fuel: Natural gas

Power: 4600 kW

Heating: 12 TPH of steam

Cooling: 2500 TR

Efficiency: 83%

• Annual cost savings – US$ 500,000• Reduction in GHG emission – 17%

Save Energy. Save our Planet