Technologies, Applications and Trends for Social Computing XUN LUO

DISTINGUISHED V ISITOR TOUR, IEEE REGION 9

CALI , BOGOTA, QUITO, SANGOLQUI

JULY, 2015

The Speaker and the Lecture The Speaker

- Professor, Tianjin University of Technology, China

- Guest (formally full-time) researcher, Qualcomm Research

- Distinguished Speaker, IEEE-CS and the ACM

- Volunteer of IEEE San Diego Section and Region 6 (Western United States)

The Lecture

- Developing set of material

- May need formality improvement

- Interactions during the talk are highly welcome

Talk Outline - Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Research Project: a Real Story

- Social Computing Evolution

- Enabling Technologies

- Monetization Applications

- Conclusions and Trends

- Several Efforts of the IEEE

- Q & A

A Real Story - We had a research project in 2013 to enable ad hoc networking for smart phones with only short-range radios (Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth)

- The specification requested typical ad hoc networking features ◦ Multi-hop routing

◦ Efficient broadcasting/multicasting

◦ Reliable networking under circumstances of node failure

- Prototype was implemented after comprehensive survey of ad hoc networking literature ◦ Simulation using sensor network simulators showed satisfactory results

- However, first massive trial in the “field” revealed very disappointing performance

- Root cause was found: overlooking of social mobility patterns

A Real Story - Mobility pattern of humans are fundamentally different from sensor nodes

- Sensor nodes: Random Waypoint model is sufficient

- Humans: determined by social context. We ended up developing our own simulator: ◦ Video 1: Random Waypoint vs. Emergency Evaluation.

◦ Video 2: Mobility pattern in a office setting.

◦ Video 3: Mobility pattern in a theme park setting.

- A good lesson learned about social computing

What is Social Computing?

In Social Computing, one or more of the elements in computing are associated with socialized individuals

-Example: as Input –Social Mobility, Social Media

-Example: as Computing Automata –Review and Recommendation Systems; Collective Wisdom

-Example: as Output –Group-affected Social Behaviors

Input Computing Automata

Output

What is Social Computing?

Enabling Technologies for Social Computing

- Mobile Platforms Making Computing Personal

- Wireless Access Technologies Making Computing Ubiquitous (Everywhere)

- Internet of Things Making Computing Pervasive (with Everything)

- Big Data Collection and Analysis

- Cloud-based infrastructure

- …

Mobile Platforms - Smart phones overtake laptops in shipments in 2007: 116 million vs. 108 million.

- “There are now more people on earth that have access to a mobile phone, than have access to a toothbrush” (Ian Carrington, mobile and social advertising sales director at Google)

- There are over 900 million smart-phones in use globally (http://www.statista.com/topics/840/smartphones/).

Wireless Access Technologies - People and things produce data

- People and things consume data

- Ubiquitous wireless access technologies connect sourcing and sinking ends pervasively

San Jose, California laundromat Beijing, China bus

Wireless Access Technologies - Wi-Fi 802.11ac ◦ Ratified December 2013

◦ Takes advantage of 5 GHz spectrum through mandatory use, gaining wider bandwidth

◦ Up to 8 spatial streams (vs. 802.11n’s 4 spatial streams) at 867 Mbps peak rate per spatial stream (vs. 802.11n’s 150 Mbps per spatial stream), total peak rate is 6.9 Gbps

◦ At the same device complexity, is able to get higher data throughput

◦ At the same data throughput, requires less device complexity

◦ Multi-user MIMO improves network capacity

Wireless Access Technologies - Wi-Fi 802.11ah ◦ Expected to get ratified in 2016

◦ Sub-Giga Hz technology, mandatory support of 1 MHz and 2 MHz channel width, optional support of 4, 8, and 16 MHz channel width

◦ 150 kbps –78 Mbps data rate

◦ Up to 1 km range (802.11ac range is about 30m indoors)

◦ Supports coin cell battery operation to months

◦ Supports thousands of devices per access point

Wireless Access Technologies - Bluetooth Low Energy ◦ Standardized in 2010

◦ 2.4 GHz technology

◦ Star topology

◦ Up to 1 Mbps data rate, in burst transmissions

◦ Up to 150 m range outdoors

◦ Supports coin cell battery operation to years

Wireless Access Technologies - LTE Advanced ◦ Up to 500 Mbps downlink data rate, 100 Mbps uplink data rate

◦ User equipment design keep improving

- LTE Direct ◦ Up to 500 m range

◦ Supports hundreds of users

◦ Very likely to be part of LTE Release 12

Monetizing Applications - Recent IPOs of companies conducting social computing related business ◦ Significant difference in valuation basis from traditional businesses

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5/19/2011 5/18/2012 10/31/2013 11/7/2013 4/17/2014 5/22/2014 9/19/2014 12/21/2014

Market Cap in Billions (May 2015)

Uber not yet IPO, valued at $50B

Social Computing Business Impacts - E-commerce ◦ November 11th, as the fabricated festival “Singles Day”, takes Alibaba43

minutes in 2014 to sell same volume for CyberMonday2013 ◦ Historical sales volume on the same day ◦ 2009: USD 8M ◦ 2010: USD 145M ◦ 2011: USD 548M ◦ 2012: USD 3.08B ◦ 2013: USD 5.8B ◦ 2014: USD 9.2B

Social Computing Business Impacts - China delivery industry workforce size reached 3.12 million in 2014, comparing to 0.54 million in 2009

Social Computing Business Impacts - DabbaWala(Mumbai Meal Delivery System) replicated in China in just a year by three internet giants ◦ Catalyzed by mobile device penetration and venture capital funds (over a billion USD in 2014

rounds to ele.me and MeiTuan)

◦ 110 million meals reportedly delivered by ele.me in 2014

Social Computing Business Impacts - “Cab App War” in China ◦Resulted in almost 200%

smart phone penetration rates for major city cab drivers in China ◦ 3 million transactions/day

◦Bought Uber free lunch for exponential growth as a late comer to market ◦ 1 million transactions/day

Conclusions and Trends - Computing is becoming already has been –social

- Not only real world social ties are duplicated in the cyber world, but new cyber world-only social forms emerge and are growing fast

- Huge monetization prospects accelerates innovation at unprecedented speed

Several Efforts of the IEEE - IEEE Collaboratec

Several Efforts of the IEEE - IEEE Recorded Meetings Initiative (Region 4 and Region 6, IEEE San Diego SIGHT)

Several Efforts of the IEEE - IEEE Location Aware App Initiative (Region 6, IEEE San Diego SIGHT)

Several Efforts of the IEEE - MOVIES Proposal ◦ MicrO Volunteering as IEee Speaker

Q & A - xun.luo@ieee.org