www.sgc.se    

Development of biomethane from syngas and biogas in Sweden

Anna-Karin Jannasch, The Swedish Gas Technology Centre AB EBA conference 2014, October 1st

www.sgc.se    

•  About the Swedish Gas Technology Centre •  A few words about:

–  The Swedish energy and gas situation –  Today´s biogas & biomethane production and applications –  Swedish visions & goals and the future role of biomethane

•  Status of some larger Swedish biomethane production plants and projects

•  Conclusions

Outline

www.sgc.se    

•  Founded in 1990 •  Office in the southern part of Sweden, Malmö •  6 employees, annual turn-over (2012) 1,8 MEUR •  Owners: The Swedish Gas Association, some bigger

energy companies with an interest for gas and the Swedish TSO

The Swedish Gas Technology Centre

www.sgc.se    

”Catalyzing energygas development for sustainable solutions”

SGC aims to • be the reference point of gas research in Sweden • coordinate R&D for the gas industry with a focus on renewable • support the commercialization of sustainable technology solutions

Vision and Mission

www.sgc.se    

What we do • Coordinate R&D in cooperation with the Swedish Energy Agency • Disseminate knowledge on energygases – SGC Reports – Brochures • Swedish representative to – GERG – The European Gas Research Group – IEA Task 37 on landfill and biogas • Organise events for the industry and academy to meet - Green Gas Research Outlook Seminar (24-25 March), www.greengasresearch.se - Gasakademin Summer School (11-15 August), www.gasakademin.se - Nordic Biogas Conference (27-29 August), www.nordicbiogas.com - InterBaltic Biogas Arena, IBBA (4 September), www.ibbaworkshop.se - International Seminar on Gasification, ISG (15-16 October), www.gasification.se • Consultancy work including e.g. biogas upgrading, gas transportation, gasification, gaseous fuels, standardization etc.

www.sgc.se    

A network in world-class!

www.sgc.se    

A few words about the Swedish energy and gas situation…

www.sgc.se    

Transports- the main challenge in Sweden to become fossil free

Crude  and  oil  products  

Natural  gas,  town  gas  

Coal  

Biofuel,  peat  

Heat  pumps  in  hea9ngs  plants  

Hydro  power,  gross  

Nuclear  power,  gross  

Wind  power  

Electricity,  net  

Biofuel, waste, peat

Nuclear Oil

Hydro

Industry – 25 % fossil fuels (oil, coal,natural gas) Households – 10 % fossil fuels (oil) Transports – 92 % fossil fuels

Total energy supply in Sweden (2011) – 577 TWh

Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

Gas

www.sgc.se    

Limited national gas grid

Denmark (pipeline)

Helsingborg x 2

Göteborg

Laholm/Båstad

Falkenberg

Nynäshamn (LNG)

•  The gas corresponds to approx. 3 % of the total energy supply.

•  Biomethane injected at 8 different locations.

Lidköping (LBG)

Lysekil (LNG)

www.sgc.se    

•  The majority of the biomethane in Sweden is today transported on the road as compressed gas (200 bars) or as liquified gas

•  Local and regional gas grids gains more attention (for biomethane AND raw

biogas) aimed to connect industries, cities and biomethane production plants with a LNG-terminal at the coast

Sweden is world leading in transporting gas off-grid

www.sgc.se    

Biogas production 2005-2012 •  242 biogas plants 1,6 TWh biogas (2012)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Bio

gas

prod

uctio

n (G

Wh)

Landfills (55)

Co-digestion (21)

Agriculture (26)

Industrial waste (5)

Waste water treatment (135)

( )..number of plants in 2012

Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

EU´s prohibit on landfilling of organic matter in 2005. National goal on improving the collection of food waste

30 000 ton 2005 – 250 000 ton 2012

www.sgc.se    

Biogas utilization 2005-2012

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Missing data

Flaring

Power

Heating incl losses

Upgrading

Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

www.sgc.se    

205 gas filling stations (5 with LNG/

LBG)

The interest for NGVs is increasing

Source: www.gasbilen.se, SPBI Branschfakta 2014

≈ 2 % of the total vehicle fuel 44 000 (1%)

2 200 (16%)

700 (1%)

Buses provide a stable market for a long time, important

for the dev. of vehicle gas in Sweden

www.sgc.se    

•  The Swedish Gas Industry´s visions are: - 100 % biomethane in the vehicle gas in 2030 - 100 % biomethane in the gas grid in 2050

Swedish visions and goals

CHP/ Heat

Vehicle fuel

Biomethane

Natural gas

Industrial processes

www.sgc.se    

•  Fossil free vehicle fleet in 2050, through the following measures:

- ↓ Needs for transports - ↑ Energy efficient vehicles - ↑ Proportion of electricity and bio-fuels

Swedish visions and goals

www.sgc.se    

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

scenario  1   scenario  2   scenario  3  

MIN   MAX  

•  0,9 TWh biomethane in 20131

•  Totally 7 TWh biofuels in 20122

The realizable biomethane potential for the vehicle fleet in Sweden 2030

(1)  Source: Utredningen av Fossilfri fordonstrafik, Dec 2013 (2)  Source: Energiläget 2013, Swedish Energy Agency

TWh

www.sgc.se    

Some information about the largest industrial biomethane productions

plants and projects in Sweden

www.sgc.se    

GoBiGas = Gothenburg Biomass Gasification project Purpose: Shall in a commercial scale demonstrate the possibilities of gasifaction to produce renewable and CO2-neutral biomethane Project owner: Göteborg Energi AB

GoBiGas – the world´s largest demonstration plant for biomethane production

www.sgc.se    

GoBiGas- a step-by-step development

Chalmers lab-reactor

Chalmers 2-4 MW Pilot plant

GoBiGas Phase 1 20 MW biogas

Demo plant R&D

GoBiGas Phase 2 80-100 MW biogas Commercial demo-

plant

2008 2012 2016

Source: GoBiGas/Göteborg Energi

www.sgc.se    

- 1st Swedish plant to inject biomethane into the national transmission gas grid (30 bars) -  Polygeneration (vehicle fuel, process industry, electricity and heat) -  Forest residues as feed stock (initially wood pellets) -  Commercial scale in 2 phases:

1) 20 MWbio-SNG (160 GWh/yr) + heat demonstration plant. Cost: 160 M€ (24 M€ supported by the Swedish Energy Agency)

2) 80 - 100 MWbio-SNG (640 - 800 GWh/yr) + heat commercial plant. Cost: 325 M€, awarded for NER300 support (59 M€ available)

Facts -  Atmospheric Indirect gasification

(Repotec, AUT & Valmet, FI) -  Gas cleaning and methanation, (Haldor

Topsoe, DK) -  Overall performance goals

- Biomass to biomethane 65-70 % - Energy efficiency > 90 %

Technology

GoBiGas – Facts in short

-  Demonstration plant in commissioning since Nov 2013 -  Gasifier in operation for > 1000 h (6 days continous), gas cleaning & methanation under start-up (August 2014) -  Decision for initilizing phase 2 will be taken when phase 1 is proven succesful and conditions for acceptable revenues can be met

Status

Source: Ingemar Gunnarsson, Göteborg Energi AB

www.sgc.se    

Project is awaiting decision on the long-term policy instruments for biofuels

Bio2G – A reference plant in Sweden for production of bio-SNG by thermal gasification

-  Production capacity 200 MWbio-SNG (1,6 TWh/yr) + heat & electricity

-  Forest residues as feed stock -  To be located in Malmö/Landskrona -  Project owner: E.ON -  Investment cost: 450 M € , Awarded

for NER300 support (203 M€ available)

-  Pressurized O2-blown

gasification (Andritz, FI) -  Gas cleaning and methanation,

(Haldor Topsoe, DK)

Technology

Facts

Source: Björn Möller-Fredriksson, E.ON Gasification AB

www.sgc.se    

Lidköping Biogas – The first LBG-plant in Sweden •  Production capacity: 60 GWh/yr, enough

to fuel 6000 cars/yr, 50 000 m3 digestate/yr

•  The condensation requires ≈ 1 kWh per Nm3 biomethane (Reverse Nitrogen Brayton Cycle)

•  Energy efficient transportation – up to 5-6

X energy/volume compared to CBG@ 200 bars

•  13,6 kWh/kg LBG; 5,75 kWh/litre LBG (Diesel 9,8 kWh/litre)

•  Residues from local food industry and grain handling used as feed stock

•  Operational since April 2012

•  Project owner: Swedish Biogas International, Göteborg Energi AB and the community of Lidköping

For more information, go to http://www.lidkopingbiogas.se/

www.sgc.se    

Examples of larger co-digestion plants

NSR Biogas plant

•  Production capacity: 80 GWh/yr biomethane, 68 000 tonnes/yr certified digestate

•  Operational since 1996 •  Co-digestion of household waste,

residues from local food industry and manure.

•  Certified digestate distributed through a pipe-line (10 km) directly to the farms

•  Injection to the national distribution grid

•  Plans to build a LBG-plant

Tekniska Verken in Linköping •  Production capacity: 100 GWh/yr

biomethane, 80 000 tonnes/yr certified digestate

•  Operational since 1997 •  Co-digestion of household waste and

residues from local food industry

Jordberga biogas plant •  Production capacity: 110 GWh/yr

biomethane, 110 000 tonnes/yr certified digestate

•  Started up operation in 2014 •  Co-digestion of local energy crops •  Injection to the national

transmission and distribution gas grid

www.sgc.se    

Conclusions •  Sweden is world leading of utilizing biomethane as vehicle fuel and in

transporting the gas off-grid

•  1,6 TWh biogas production, out of which 53 % is upgraded to biomethane (2012)

•  National aim is to have a fossil free vehicle fleet in 2050 by decreasing

the needs for transports, by increasing the energy efficiency of the vehicles and by increasing the proportion of electricity and bio-fuels

•  The Swedish biomethane potential is estimated up to 22 TWh (2030) •  Great need for a variety of short- and long terms politic-economic

incentives so the biomethane (biofuel) potential also becomes a reality

www.sgc.se    

When? 15-16th October Where? Malmö, Sweden Read more at www.gasification.se

WELCOME TO

www.sgc.se    

Read more about SGC and our activities on

www.sgc.se www.conference.sgc.se

www.gasiditthus.se

Thanks for your attention

www.sgc.se    

Gasification

Methanation

Gasifier Combustor

Tar removal Sulphur removal

Fuel handling

CO2- removal

Dryer Steam

Drying Upgrading Biomethane

Shift

Air

Steam

Flue gas

Wood pellets

Bed material

Tar removal

Forest residues

Methanation

Bag filter De-NOx

Tar

Sulphur rich gas

Air preheater

Hot water

Hot water

CO2 to inert

gas system/

atm

Tar

Technical principles