TEAM 7: Cognitive Science

Nevil Abraham, Rachana Balasubramanian, Grace Chen, Saavan Chintalacheruvu, Rajeshwari Enjeti, Cynthia Guo, Bum Shik Kim, Kang Woo Kim, Emma Leeds, Jessica Mui, Ellen Wu, Rong Xiang

Background

● Fixation o Fixation Duration

● Saccade

● Dynamic loop between visual input and cognition

Table of Contents

1.Line spacing2.PSA3.Lying4.Antisaccade

1. The Effects of Line Spacing on Eye Movements and Comprehension

Ellen Wu and Rong Xiang

IntroductionHypothesis: Increasing line spacing results in increased fixation duration and thus, increased reading comprehension.

Experimental Design

Read 40 s

Questions40 s

Break15 s

Break (15 seconds)

Experimental DesignGroup 1

Group 2

A1 B2 C1

A2 B1 C2

Results

Spacing

Fixa

tion

Dur

ation

(ms)

Comprehension

Score (%)

Single Spaced Double Spaced

Participant Data

Fig. 2 The average comprehension scores across all subjects

Participants

Com

preh

ensi

on S

core

s (%

)

Discussion

● Lack of correlation between line spacing, fixation duration, and comprehension levels

● Future experiments

● Practical application

2. PSA Text PlacementEmma Leeds, Raje Enjeti, Rachana Balasubramanian, Jessica Mui

PSAs: Public Service AnnouncementsHypothesis: Text placement at top would create longer fixations and thus higher comprehension than if text was at the bottom

Methods

Results

Conclusion

=

Eye Movements when Lying

Saavan Chintalacheruvu & Nevil Abraham

Introduction

● Common notion that eyes focus on top-left when lying● Some experimental evidence supporting this

Materials & Methods

Results: Average Fixation Duration

● T:360 ± 370 milliseconds● L: 370 ± 4.0x10^2 milliseconds● p = 0.468

Possible Errors/Improvement

● Nature of the stimuluso Why do people lie?o People usually lie to peopleo not a good representation of lying

● Improvemento Lie to an actual human beingo Give participants a reason to lie

Conclusion

● No correlation within the experiment’s parameters● However:

o data was highly variableo results are inconclusiveo must be repeated with improvements

The Antisaccade Task Under Changing Fixation Points Grace Chen, Cynthia Guo, Bum Shik Kim, Kang Woo Kim

What is an antisaccade?

Saccade Antisaccade

● Inhibition of reflexive saccade● Frontal cortex ability

Antisaccade ability will vary with:

Hypotheses

vs

vs

1. stationary vs. moving fixation point

2. moving in opposite vs. same direction as cue

http://youtube.com/v/Dz7PGFfU8mE

Experimental Design

Controlstatic fixation pointcues appear on L/R

Experimentalmoving fixation pointcues appear in same/opposite direction

30 trials 64 trials

15 left 15 right 32 opposite direction

32 same direction

16 left16

right16 left

16 right

Analysis of Results

General Conclusions

● Eye patterns remain steady under varied conditions● Moving fixation point reduced antisaccade ability ● Dynamic feedback between eyes and cognition● High variability between participants

Acknowledgements

Dr. Minjoon KouhFrank Minio

NJ Governor’s School of the SciencesDr. Adam CassanoDr. Steve Surace

Anna Mae Dinio-BlochBayer Health Care

Independent College Fund of NJ/Johnson & Johnson

AT&T

Actavis PharmaceuticalsCelgeneNovartis

Laura (NJGSS ’86) and John OverdeckNJGSS Alumnae and Parents of Alumnae

Board of Overseers, New Jersey Governor’s Schools

State of New JerseyDrew University

and all of NJGSS’s generous sponsors!