Team 5 Micro-Hydro Power Water Tower Generator · Sample Module: SunPower SPR-305E-WHT-D Parallel...

Micro-Hydro PowerWater Tower Generator

Team 5

Sponsor: Talquin Electric Cooperative

Members ■ Darius Wright-Tippins : Project Manager■ Komlan Amesse: Lead EE■ Moise Zamor: Lead CE/ WebMaster■ Olivier Perrault: Financial Manager

Project Overview • Introduction• Problem & Solution• Solar Panel• Large Scale information• Small Scale • Turbine Selection• Battery Selection• Future Work• Challenges

Problem:

● Talquin current system uses electricity to pump water into their towers. By doing this requires a substantial expenses to deliver water to its members

● Large amount of Untapped energy in tower

By: Darius Wright-Tippins

Solution:

● The aim of this Project is to design a Hybrid Hydro-Solar water tower energy storage system

● Offset the Department Bill● Harness the potential/Kinetic Energy for a later usage


By Darius Wright-Tippins

By Komlan AmesseFlow Chart Diagram of the Process

START

Turbine Batteries Bank

Excessive Power

Supply LoadGrid

Solar Status

By Darius Wright-Tippins

PV Modules

❑Monocrystalline❑Polycrystalline❑Thin Film

By Komlan Amesse

Types Advantages Disadvantages

Monocrystalline Highest efficiency 22.5%Space-efficiencyLong lifespan (25 years)More efficient (weather)

Very expensive

Polycrystalline Less costLower heat tolerance

Low efficiency 16%Low space-efficiency

Thin Film FlexibleHigh temp and shade have less impact

Low space-efficiencyDegrade faster

Pros Vs Cons

By Komlan Amesse

Solar Power System

By Komlan Amesse

Array Parameters

Sample Module: SunPower SPR-305E-WHT-DParallel String: 32Serie-Connected modules per string: 8Max Power (w): 305.23Open Circuit voltage: 64.2VVoltage at maximum power point Vmp: 54.7Short-circuit current Isc (A); 5.96ACurrent at Maximum power point Imp (A): 5.58ASpecific Temp deg.C : [45 25]

❏ PV Array -Multiple module❏ Array Disconnect Switch ❏ Power Conditioning Unit (PCU) ❏ Grid side protection devices

Components

By Komlan Amesse

Bradfordville Water Tower level ● Data of water level within tower for a 24 hour period● Starts at 1:19 PM● Level is in feet above base of water tower● Water Pump turns on around 152 Feet ● Pump turns off around 155 Feet


Bradfordville Tower Demand KwhMonth kWh (Total per Month) Monthly Peak Load

(Pump) kW

November (2015) 11040 37

December(2015) 8448 37

Jan 8736 73

Feb 7104 37

March 8736 37

April 11808 38

May 18144 38

June 16128 50

July 14976 38

August 10944 74

Sept 11616 38

Oct 12384 58

AVG kWh 11672 46.25


By Komlan Amesse

Bradfordville Tower: Demand in KWh

Bradfordville Monthly CostMonth $ Monthly Cost

November (2015) 839.04

December(2015) 642.048

Jan 663.936

Feb 539.904

March 663.936

April 897.408

May 1378.944

June 1225.728

July 1135.744

August 831.744

Sept 882.816

October 941.184

AVG 887.072

Cost($/Month) = E(kWh/Month) × Cost(cent/kWh) / 100(cent/$)


Bradfordville: Monthly Cost

By Komlan Amesse

Level (ft) Vs Times (hours)

By Komlan Amesse

For 24 hours Duration

EQUATIONSBy Komlan Amesse

By Komlan Amesse

Calculations: Estimations

By Komlan Amessesaving= (7.6*5)/100=$0.424Hr = 2.5kW

Small Scale Components

❑ 2 of 5 gallons for reservoir❑ Turbine generator ❑ LED❑ Battery ❑ PVC Pipe❑ Pressure gauge

By Komlan Amesse

❑ Charger controller❑ MCU/ PCU❑ 2 units of Directional-Control

valves❑ DC Water Pump❑ 4 units PVC 90 Degree Elbow ❑ 1 units of 1 in. PVC Slip In-Line

Check Valve❑ 3 units water Gauge❑ Air Compressor

By Komlan Amesse

The Diagram of the Water FlowBy Komlan Amesse

By Komlan

Simulation using SimulinkCross-section Area of water tower

Cross-section Area of the reservoir

Inlet flow rate of the Tower

Outlet flow rate of the Tower

Pump Head

Height of water in the Tower

Height of water in the reservoir

Outlet flow rate of water reservoir

After Reorganize we have:

By Komlan Amesse

Turbines

Type of systems

Head of Talquin water tower = 33m

Ideal Flow Calculations● 5.59 ft of water currently released throughout the day

○ Not adequate enough to see any long term savings● If ideal 25 ft of water released throughout the day● Volume of water in cylinder = h*(d^2/4)*pi = 25ft *

(60^2)/4 * pi = 70,640 ft^3● 70,640 ft^3 → 528,498.7 gal● 528,498.7gal / (12*60) = 98.125 gpm

Small Scale Turbines

Renewable Energy: Batteries

“Chemical engines used to push electrons around”

Lead Acid Battery ➢ First Rechargeable battery

for commercial use.➢ Dependable and inexpensive

on a cost-per-watt base. ➢ Battery is cost-effective for

automobiles, golf cars, forklifts, marine and uninterruptible power supplies.

➢ Deep Cycle and Short Cycle

Li-ion PO4 Battery

➢ Lithium is the lightest of all metals

➢ Has the greatest electrochemical potential and provides the largest energy density for weight

➢ Can be dangerous as they are highly reactive

➢ Requires a charge controller (which is additional cost)

Lead Acid vs Li-ion PO4Characteristics Lead acid Li-ion PO4Weight Very heavy 1/3 of lead acid weightEfficiency Inefficiency,

*Reduce the battery capacity

About 100% Charge-Discharge*Same amp hour in-out

Discharge 80% 100%Cycle life 400-500 cycles in lead

acid1-2 years

Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries cycle 5000 times or more 3-5 years

Voltage Voltage drops consistently throughout the discharge cycleLower voltage (2V)

Maintain their voltage throughout the entire discharge cycle = longer-lasting efficiency of electrical componentsHigher Voltage (3.7V)

Cost Low cost **Higher upfront cost Environmental Impact Not environmental

friendlymuch cleaner technology and are safer for the environment.

Scaling of the BatteryLarge Scale

➢ No Battery bank needed

➢ Huge cost reduction➢ Connect the power

from solar panel and turbine directly to the Grid using Power Conditioning Unit (PCU)

➢ Maintain frequency at 60Hz (Grid Frequency)

Small Small Scale

➢ 48V DC battery to match solar panel

➢ Able to receive large range of frequencies

➢ Ideal 60hz frequency➢ Fast charge and

discharge cycles➢ AC-to-DC converter

(Solar Power Conditioning Unit)Large Scale

➢ PCU is an integrated system consisting of a solar charger, inverter, Grid charger and control algorithm.

➢ Solar charger- collects the solar energy collected by the (SPV) to power the system.

➢ Inverter- converts the DC to AC where needed➢ Grid charger- powers the system when the solar panels

is inadequate. ➢ Control Algorithm- allot priority and optimally select the

source of charging. (microprocessor)➢ Built based upon demand.

Future Work➢ Finalize Design and Selection of components

1.Turbine, Pump, Controller➢ Order Parts for Small Scale Model ➢ Test small scale and parts ➢ Create a base for our tower (Machine Shop)

Challenges ➢ Wetting of Electrical components ➢ Stabilizing of Pressure in tower to rotate blades of

turbine➢ Creating a design easy to assemble➢ Not generating a significant amount of electricity

QUESTIONS?

Quantities Results

Height of water tower 130 ft

Height of water level in tank 25 ft

Area of water tank 2827.4 ftsq

Storing capacity of water tower 250,000 Gallons

Capacity of single water tower

Volume of tank 84823 cubic ft

Inlet Flow rate of water into the tank 900 gallons/min

Flow rate of water used for generating energy

Power required for pump 75 KW

Require Time (hours) 12 hours

Pressure in the tank 60 psi

Team 5 Micro-Hydro Power Water Tower Generator · Sample Module: SunPower SPR-305E-WHT-D Parallel...

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