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BarnetrÂk k as a precedent for greater citizen engagement in planning and design.
Urbane bomilj¯ og barn i by seminar ñ Ski April 26, 2016
Norwegian University of Life Sciences
Deni Ruggeri, PhD Associate Professor and Landscape Architecture Section leader ILP - Institutt for Landskapsplanlegging
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Institutt for Landskapsplanlegging
Landscape architecture
City and regional Planning
Real estate and property law
Public health
Landscape engineering
PhD in society, development and planning
750 students 35 PhD
80 employees
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Defining Landscape Democracy Conference Oscarsborg June 3-6, 2015
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‘Landscape’ means an area,
whose character is the result of the action and interaction of natural and/or human factors Council of Europe (2000). European Landscape Convention
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For more info, visit www.led-project.org
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Theoretical foundations
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United Nations (2015). 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
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Michael Southworthí s (2003) livability dimensions superimposed on Canterí s ì placeî definition (1977)
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOCIAL
ECONOMIC
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BIOPHILIA: “the innately emotional affiliation of human beings to other living organisms. Innate means hereditary, and
hence, part of ultimate human nature” (Wilson, 1993 p.31)
Beatley, T. (2011) Biophilic cities: integrating nature into urban design and planning. NY: Island Press.
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Arnstein, S. (1969) A Ladder of Citizen Participation
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Davidson, S. (1998) ëS pinning the wheel of empowermentí , Planning, vol 1262, 3 April, pp14ñ 15
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Course objectives and principles for participatory action
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I medvirkningsprosessen vår ønsket vi at alle i kommunen skulle bli hørt. Ettersom workshopen bare inkluderte ungdommer fra to av øyene i kommunen fant vi ut at vi ville bruke sosiale medier for å nå ut til flere.
Vi lagde en nettbasert spørreundersøkelse som ble delt på kommunen sin facebook-side og vår egen side for prosjektet. Sosiale medier som Facebook og Instagram har hjulpet oss med å spre og innhente informasjon fra innbyggere som ellers ikke ville blitt involvert i prosessen. Det har også bidratt til større bevisstgjøring og engasjement rundt prosjektet.
57 bilder ligger ute på Instagram med emneknaggen ”Vårt Giske”, 249 liker oss på Facebook, og rekkevidden for delte innlegg er trolig mye større. På det meste har vi nådd nærmere 5000 personer.
Spørreundersøkelsen er besvart av 355 mennesker noe som utgjør om lag 5% av kommunens innbyggere. Deltakelsen i undersøkelsen gjenspeiler i stor grad innbyggertallet på hver øy, med en overvekt av kvinner i alderen 36-50 år. Besvarelsene legger grunnlaget for det videre arbeidet og argumenterer for valg vi tar underveis.
Med resultatene fra sosiale medier håper vi å styrke begrunnelsene for hvorfor vi gjør som vi gjør i vårt mulighetsstudie. Ut i fra instagram kunne man blant annet se en tydelig stolthet til den flotte naturen på Giske og ut fra spørreundersøkelsen fikk vi mange nyttige innspill om hva folk ønsket seg av videre utvikling. Facebooksiden har oppmuntret til debatt rundt temaet om utvikling i Giske, og også her har innbyggerne engasjert seg. Viktigheten av at alle øyene skal være inkludert, og at ikke all utvikling skal skje på Valderøya kom tydelig frem i en diskusjon.
MEDVIRKNING // PARTICIPATION- SOSIALE MEDIER // SOCIAL MEDIA
Utdrag fra et av innleggene på Facebook-siden. Innlegget nådde 4597 personer.
Skjermbilde av bildehistorikken på Instagram-profilen. Det er tydelig at menneskene fra Giske er stolte av den vakre naturen.
Et utdrag fra spørreundersøkelsen ”Et Giske for alle”. Spørreun-dersøkelsen ble besvart av 355 personer. Link til sammendrag fra undersøkelsen: https://no.surveymonkey.net/results/SM-895FL8Z2/Fig.4 Fig.5 Fig.6
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MEDVIRKNING OG ANALYSER // PARTICIPATION AND ANALYZES
Kapittelet presenterer analyser og informasjon som vi legger til grunn for det videre arbeidet. Analysene skal !"# $%&%'%(# )*# +,-./%(0%0# %0# 1"$+%# )*#2*)# &,/#%-&"&0%'%'# "#3"&-%4# ,!# 2*,'+)(#.0*"-$"(!%(# 2)'# *5'0# "# -,//.(%(# +%#siste årene.
Det er viktig å kartlegge ulike tema som setter fingeren på hvordan det er å være innbygger i Giske kommune. Temaene &6%((%'# ,*%'# )$0# 7')# )'%)$1'.-# ,!#befolkningsvekst til bussruter og vær og klima. For at vi som utenforstående skal kunne løse utfordringene kommunen står overfor må vi tilegne oss kunnskaper ,/#+)!%(&#&"0.)&8,(#,!#2*)#&,/#69*"'-%'#+%(4# 19+%# "# +%0# 7:&"&-%# ,!# &,&")$%#landskapet. Derfor blir medvirkning blant kommunens innbyggere en viktig del av informasjonsinnhentingen.
Registrering og analysering av Giske kommune.
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Density as opportunity for a more livable public realm
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Getting people out: activating the landscape and building community
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Phase 1: Inverventions like parklets small, urban farm pockets, a mini chicken farm, a bonfire place or a bike repair shed gets placed in the street, stewarded by the commonscape committee.
Phase 2: The commonscape structure gets implemented in the street. The Commonscape committees continue to decide what will be in the different green space and neighbourhood space. The space in front of the local grocery shop gets turned into a community square with a few new buildings that can hold for example a local bakery or a cafe.
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Strengthening identity through meeting places in nature
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MÅL FOR VALDERØY:Sentrum/møteplasser:Sentrum skal huse kommunale institusjoner, handel og ha sosiale møteplasser for alle på offentlige steder utendørs.
Forbindelser:Det er viktig med gode gangforbindelser fra boligområder til sentrumsområdet så vel som i selve sentrum, slik at folk velger å gå eller sykle i stedet for bilen. Bedret tilgang til fjellet og fjæra er også viktige forbindelser fordi naturen er en viktig del av stedets identitet.
Identitet:Som kommunalt sentrum skal Valderøy uttrykkes som det samlende øysamfunnet, og kvaliteter fra hele kommunen skal komme til uttrykk, ved for eksempel å kunne tilby tilgang til vakker natur, lokale varer og kulturarenaer på øya, og å være en ambassadør for hver av de andre øyene.
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- KONSEPTPLAN VALDERØY // CONCEPT PLAN FOR VALDERØY
KONSEPTUTVIKLING // CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
Som vist i valgt scenario for sentrumsplassering er sentrumskjernen plassert ved havnen på Valderøy. I den innerste delen av markert område for utvikling vil det være ulike sentrale sentrumsfunkjsoner og møteplasser som skaper et hyggelig, tydelig og konsentrert sentrum. Her vil man kunne møte venner på café og restauranter og butikker samt få dekket sine daglige behov av servicefunksjoner. Det vil være plass for boliger i øvre etasjer av bygninger. I neste halvsirkel av markert område vil det være en stor grad av fortetting med mest fokus på boliger. Den ytre delen av markert område er den ytre grensen for utvikling og sentrumsfortetting med flere boliger og gode forbindelser. Dette er en avstand på 20 min gangavstand i radius fra havnen.
Pilene på kartet illustrerer bedre forbindelser til vannet og langs strandlinjen, til naturen, samt mellom boligområder og sentrumsfunksjoner.
Ut fra gjennomførte analyser er dette den mest gunstige plasseringen av sentrumet. Beliggenheten er sentral i forhold til bebygd boligareal og har som forutsetning å binde Valderøya sammen. Gjennom å legge sentrum ved havnen styrkes båtforbindelser til de andre øyene samt til Ålesund, i tillegg til å styrke nærheten til havet som er en sterk del av Giskes identitet. En god forbindelse til rådhus, skole og kirke er en forutsetning for et vellykket sentrum ved havnen, samt at det legges til rette for gode forbindelser til og fra sentrum for hele øysamfunnet.
Tiltak forbindelser:- Utvikle og legge til rette for gang,- og sykkelforbindelser- Skape et sentrum med mindre avhengighet til bil.
Tiltak sentrumsutvikling:- Lokalisert sentrum på Valderhaugstrand skal avgrenses.- Tilrettelegge for gode møteplasser og aktiviteter. - Skape et livlig sentrum med offentlige byrom av høy kvalitet.
Tiltak identitet:- Tilrettelegge for identitetsskapende aktiviteter og arrangementer knyttet til tradisjon, historie og kultur i sentrum.- Styrke sacred places og identitetsskapende plasser som er viktige for befolkningen.!"# $%!"#
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Konseptplan over Valderøy.
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Område 3
Område 2
Område 2
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Område 1
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Område 4Område 3
VALDERLØYPA- MASTERPLAN
Valderløypa går i en runde rundt fjellet med varierende vegetasjonssjikt der tilgjengeligheten til sjøen gir variasjon i gåopplevelse. Kontakten til vannet skjer ved gløtt gjennom tett vegetasjon, utsikt mot havet fra tilbaketrukket sti, sti langs fjæra eller boardwalk på vannet.
Til sammen er løypa 11,4 km lang. Den kan deles i 6 områder der hvert område setter lys på en eller flere deler av Giskes identitet. Innenfor hvert område er det små og større destinasjoner for ulike brukere og begivenheter. Workshop og annen brukermedvirkning har vært med på å bestemme hvilke aktiviteter som skal tilrettelegges for hvor.
Løypa skal være tilgjengelig for alle, med 2,5 meter bred gangsti, som hovedsaklig består av finsingel, men med innslag av betong og treverk, samt noe asfalt og brostein.
De følgende sidene vil gå nærmere inn på identitetsbærende elementer langs løypa, tema og aktivitetstilrettelegging i hvert område.
Panorama-rommet
Bilderammen
Hustruhamna
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Portal til området
Båtkiosk legger til her
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Den gamle havna
Den nye havna
Nordstrandfjørå
Blikket
Rederiet
Oksneset
Kvernhusvika
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Fjære: Ingen vegetasjon som hindrer sikt
Lav vegetasjon: Krypeiner, lav og noe fjell. God sikt, men lite bevegelsesmuligheter.
Lav og middels høy vegetasjon: For det meste gress og strå i varierende høyde. Fri sikt for voksne, varierende bevegelsesmuligheter.
Høy vegetasjon: Krattsjikt bestående av furu og einer og høy trevegetasjon av furu og gran. Tett vegetasjon som hindrer sikt, varierende bevegelsesmuligheter.
Områder som opparbeides med stedsegnede aktiviteter
Total distanse: 11,4 km
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Lessons learned (5, for now)
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Participation is about communication, sharing and listening. It may take a lot of time, but it is definitely worth it. Participation can be difficult, but worth working with. Even though the result is not always how people imagine, the process can be as important as the final result. Participation takes time, but when done correctly and on a realistic timetable, the outcome will be better, more rooted in both the landscape and the community and it will counteract the tendencies of homogeneity we are seeing in today’s landscape
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Planning should be a dialogue between [the designer] and those you are planning/designing for By collaborating with the people who are going to use the places you design, your design/planning can be more successful Livability and sustainability are the ethos every landscape architect should aspire to, and participation is a good way to get there.
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Communication is a key word for making it a success If you find the community´s story and poetry and use this as a foundation throughout a project, it will be easier for the people we are designing for to maintain their story, relation and identity to the place I have also learned how important it is that your plan/design tells a story. I have learned how to storytell.
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I guess it will be my responsibility to encourage participation as a part of the planning processes in the future All in all I found the course very inspiring, but I worry about how much I will get to use participation when I start to work. I think you could have given a better clarification about what was expected during the course and what the result was supposed to be.
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Participation empowers citizens and become a "bridge" between designers and the ones who lead their everyday-life in the projects we create participation is important to create a feeling of ownership and responsibility for a place. it made me aware of my role as a designer to move society toward more sustainable directions.
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