Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts,...
Transcript of Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts,...
![Page 1: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Teaching Learning Media
Dr. Avinash Supe / Dr. Praveen IyerSeth GS Medical College
& KEM Hospital, Mumbai
![Page 2: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Session Objectives
At the end of the session, the participants shall
be able to:
Define message, medium and channel
List advantages of audiovisual aids
Classify teaching-learning aids
![Page 3: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
At the end of the session, the participants shall be able to:
Enumerate advantages and disadvantages of: Chalk and board
Overhead projector
Projection of PowerPoint presentation
Specify the factors that influence the choice of
a teaching-learning medium
Session Objectives
![Page 4: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Message
• Content to be taught– Information– Thoughts– Relationships– Ideas– Skills– Feelings
![Page 5: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Shape of Message
MediumAbstract as symbol
Media
3 dimensional
![Page 6: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Pictures
Objects
2 dimensional projected images
Non-verbal signs
Media
Words
![Page 7: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Vehicle or structure through which the medium is presented
Electrical, mechanical, physical
TV
Projector
Human voice box
Recording or playback device
Educational trip
Media vs. Channels
![Page 8: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Advantages of Teaching-learning Aids
1. Extend human experiences
2. Longer retention information
3. Stimulates interest
4. Integrated experience
5. Multi-sensory approach
6. Effective substitute for direct contact
7. Facilitates change in attitude
![Page 9: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Types of teaching-learning aids
Audio Aids
P A system ( public addressing systems)
Record players and discs
Cassette tape recorders
Radio receiver
![Page 10: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Visual Aids
1. Overhead projector
2. Slides
3. Films - movie, video ( silent)
4. Epidiascope/ Opaque projector
5. Micro projector
PROJECTED AIDS
![Page 11: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps
Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 - D aids Models, objects, specimens, Patients
Activity aids Experimentation, field trips, Demonstrations, role plays, CALHand outs
Non projected aids
Visual Aids
![Page 12: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Audio Visual Aids
1. Synchronised tape slide system
2. Video tape system
3. Closed circuit system
4. Cine films
5. Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)
![Page 13: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Group Task
• Use the given teaching-learning aid to prepare a five minutes presentation to your colleagues
• Time allotted for preparation: 15 minutes
• Time allotted for presentation: 5 minutes
![Page 14: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Black Board
Points in favour
1. Opportunity for creativity
2. Step by step concept building
3. Attracts attention
1. Time saving
2. Inexpensive and No electricity
‘ Chalk and Talk ’
![Page 15: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Black Board Limitations
Illustrate moving parts no
Convey sound no
Back to the audience yes
Large audience no
Dust allergy yes
![Page 16: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Points to Remember
Avoid long pieces of chalk
Legible handwriting
Prevent letters from angling
Do not obstruct while speaking
Adequate letter size
Judicious Erasing
Keep major headings on board – effective summary
![Page 17: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Shows colours more effectively
Panaboard with printer
White Board with Markers
Flip ChartsMixed blessing
Relatively cheap but handwriting skills necessary
Suitable for multi-coloured display but ink may bleed
To build up sequences and to retain them for further
reference
![Page 18: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Overhead Projector
• Useful and versatile devices
• Systematic & developmental sequences
• Concept development - using overlays
• Large images
![Page 19: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Preparation of a transparency
• Transparent, thick sheets, Acetate rolls
• Developed X - ray or polyethylene films
• Water soluble or permanent special inks
• Different colours for desired impact
• Write by hand , or photocopy (Thick >85µ)
![Page 20: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Landscape position
Leave margin on all 4 sides
If to be used vertically, don’t use
bottom third, if possible
Writing a transparency
![Page 21: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Preparation of a transparency
• Eight words per line
• Eight lines per transparency
• Readable with the naked eye at 2 meters
• Preservation – Mount fixation
• Sandwiching papers between films
![Page 22: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Positioning of OHPEnsure that everyone sees the whole screen
Correct positioning on purpose-built stand
Width of the screen to venue distance should be 1: 6
Larger the screen, details of projection better seen
![Page 23: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Use of OHP in classroom
• Controlled presentation speed
• Limited planning
• Instructor faces the class
• Complete darkness not required
• Switch projector when needed
• Hexagonal pencil or cardboard arrow as
pointer
![Page 24: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Special techniques• Masking, Pointing• Progressive disclosures• Silhouetting - actual objects• Models• Overlays
• Add simple diagrams• Developing a concept• Displaying X-ray pictures
Overhead Projector
![Page 25: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Slides• Small and large audiences
• Classrooms, conferences & self study units
• Repeated use
• Combined with taped narration
• Topic, evidence, illustration
![Page 26: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Slide must be
• Appropriate
• Accurate
• Legible
• Comprehensible
• Well executed
![Page 27: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Appropriate
• Simplicity is the essence
• Discard inessentials
• Specially prepare for lecture
• Prefer graphs instead tables
![Page 28: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Accurate
• Spelling (Spellchecker option in Tools)
• Follow one dictionary
• Confirm what you quote
• Graphical data accuracy
![Page 29: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Legible
• Font size 24 –32 Title 36 – 42
• Distance between lines : 1.5 - 2
• Depends on the fonts and bold / regular
Legibility Legibility Legibility Legibility Legibility
• 50 - 70 characters including spaces and punctuations per line
• Don’t vary starting point for each line Contd.
![Page 30: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Sans Serif preferred for titles, headingsSerif - Times Roman, Ser i f a, Book Antiqua, So u v en i r
Times Roman, Serifa, Book Antiqua, SouvenirSans Serif - Comic sans, Impact, Arial, AvantGrade,
Lucida sansComic sans, Impact, Arial, AvantGrade, Lucida
sans
• Sans Serif fonts do not look good in bold and are difficult to read
Legible
![Page 31: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Comprehensible
• Don’t– Cram everything in one slide
– Copy photographs / tables from books
• Avoid complicated figures One line per point and use brief phrases One slide per minute Use abbreviations with care “PID” , “POOF”, “PIA”
![Page 32: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Qualities of a good slide
• Clarity• Rule of seven• Table – not more than 4 columns• Margin – 2.5 cm all around• Fonts with uniform letters• Title – underlined or different font• Avoid full stops• Data – preferably as figures or charts
![Page 33: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Skills of the Teacher Selection of appropriate Message
Medium & Channel
Judicious use of them to establish association
Sequencing of appropriate materials
Questioning
![Page 34: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Choosing a medium
Consider
Intelligence
Reading ability
Age of the learners
Content difficulty of the material
![Page 35: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Technology should advance
And
Not dominate one’s presentation
![Page 36: Teaching Learning Media · Graphic aids Photographs, pictures, flash cards, Posters, charts, graphs, maps Display boards Black board, flannel board, magnetic board, PEG board. 3 -](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022011811/5e1f1a1ce6dbb16a0e7d9027/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Thank You