TEACHING GRAMMAR

PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

• You use the present continuous to say what is happening now or around now.

• You form the present continuous with be + present participle (-ing).

• You use the contracted form in spoken and informal written English.

Affirmative

1. I´m working.

2. You´re having dinner.

3. He´s writing a letter.

She´s eating.

It´s raining.

1. We´re watching Tv.

2. You´re shopping.

3. They´re listening to me.

Negative

1. I´m not working.

2. You aren´t having dinner.

3. He isn´t writing a letter.

She isn´t eating.

It isn´t raining.

1. We aren´t watching Tv.

2. You aren´t shopping.

3. They aren´t listening to me.

Questions + short answers

1. Am I working? – Yes, I am. / No, I´m not.2. Are you having dinner? – Yes, I am. / No, I´m not.3. Is he writing a letter? – Yes, he is. / No, he isn´t.

Is she eating? – Yes, she is. / No, she isn´t.Is it raining? – Yes, it is. / No, it isn´t.

1. Are we watching Tv? – Yes, we are. / No, we aren´t.2. Are you shopping? – Yes, we are. / No, we aren´t.3. Are they listening to me? – Yes, they are. / No, they

aren´t.

Present participle (-ing) endings

You form the present participle of most verbs by adding –ing: go - going You drop the –e and add –ing to verbs ending in –e :

make – making You double the final consonant of verbs of one syllable ending in a vowel

and a consonant and add –ing: get – getting

You add –ing to verbs ending in a vowel and –y or –w: draw – drawing; play – playing

You add –ying to verbs ending in –ie: lie - lying You don´t usually use these verbs in the continuous form: believe, feel,

forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, mean, remember, see, smell, sound, taste, understand, want

PRESENT SIMPLE

• You use the present simple to talk about customs.

• You also use the present simple to talk about habits and routines.

• You use it to say how often you do things.

• You use it to describe something that is true for a long time.

Be – affirmativeYou use the contracted form in spoken and informal written English.

1. I´m ( I am)

2. You´re ( You are)

3. He´s ( He is)

She´s ( She is)

It´s ( It is)

1. We´re ( We are)

2. You´re ( You are)

3. They´re ( They are)

Be - negative

1. I´m not ( I am not)

2. You aren´t ( You are not)

3. He isn´t ( He is not)

She isn´t ( She is not)

It isn´t ( It is not)

1. We aren´t ( We are not)

2. You aren´t ( You are not)

3. They aren´t ( They are not)

Be – questions + short answers

1. Am I? – Yes, I am. / No, I´m not.

2. Are you? – Yes, I am. / No, I´m not.

3. Is he? – Yes, he is. / No, he isn´t.

Is she? – Yes, she is. / No, she isn´t.

Is it? – Yes, it is. / No, it isn´t.

1. Are we? – Yes, we are. / No, we aren´t.

2. Are you? – Yes, we are. / No, we aren´t.

3. Are they? – Yes, they are. / No, they aren´t.

Have - affirmative

1. I have got ( I´ve got)

2. You have got ( You´ve got)

3. He has got ( He´sgot)

She has got ( She´s got)

It has got ( It´s got)

1. We have got ( We´ve got)

2. You have got ( You´ve got)

3. They have got ( They´ve got)

Have - negative

1. I haven´t got ( I have not got)

2. You haven´t got ( Mou have not got)

3. He hasn´t got ( He has not got)

She hasn´t got ( She has not got)

It hasn´t got ( It has not got)

1. We haven´t got ( W have not got)

2. You haven´t got ( You have not got)

3. They haven´t got ( They have not got)

Have – questions + short anwers

1. Have I got? – Yes, I have. / No, I haven´t.

2. Have you got? – Yes, I have. / No, I haven´t.

3. Has he got? – Yes, he has. / No, he hasn´t.

Has she got? – Yes, she has. / No, she hasn´t.

Has it got? – Yes, it has. / No, it hasn´t.

1. Have we got? – Yes, we have. / No, we haven´t.

2. Have you got? – Yes, we have. / No, we haven´t.

3. Have they got? – Yes, they have. / No, they haven´t.

Regular verbs - affirmative

1. I work.

2. You work.

3. !He works.

!She works.

!It works.

1. We work.

2. You work.

3. They work.

Regular verbs - negative

1. I don´t work. ( do not)

2. You don´t work. ( do not)

3. !He doesn´t work. ( does not)

!She doesn´t work. ( does not)

!It doesn´t work. ( does not)

1. We don´t work. ( do not)

2. You don´t work. ( do not)

3. They don´t work. ( do not)

Regular verbs – questions + short answers

1. Do I work? – Yes, I do. / No, I don´t.

2. Do you work? – Yes, I do. / No, I don´t.

3. !Does he work? – Yes, he does. / No, he doesn´t.

!Does she work? – Yes, she does. / No, she doesn´t.

!Does it work? – Yes, it does. / No, it doesn´t.

1. Do we work? – Yes, we do. / No, we don´t.

2. Do you work? – Yes, we do. / No, we don´t.

3. Do they work? – Yes, they do. / No, they don´t.

Present simple: third person singular

You add –s to most verbs: take - takesYou add –es to do, go and verbs which end

in -ch, -ss, -sh and -x: do - does, go - goes, watch - watches, finish – finishes

You drop the –y and add –ies to verbs ending in –y: carry - carries

+ y does not change to i if the ending is: -ay/ -ey/ -oy/ -uy: stay – stays, buy - buys

Present simple and present continuous

• in general, all the time or sometimes

I work every day from 9 o´clock to 5 o´clock.

Tom has a shower every morning.

It rains a lot in winter.

• now, at the time of speaking

Please, be quiet.

I´m working. Tom is having a shower at

the moment. Take an umbrella with

you. It´s raining.

Present simple and present continuous

• usually

• sometimes

• always

• often

• normally

• never

• every day/ week/ month/ year/ weekend/ winter/ morning/ Monday etc.

• now• at the moment• today• this day/ week/ year/

September/ Tuesday etc.

Present simple and present continuousVicky is talking to Kelly at the sports centre. Put the verbs in brackets

into the correct tense.

1) Phil and Justin go to our school. (go)

2) We come here every Tuesday and Friday. (come)

3) Phil and Justin usually play basketball. (play)

4) They are waiting to get into the gym now. (wait)

5) They can´t go in now because children are using it to play badminton. (use)

6) I usually play table tennis. (play)

7) They are using all the tables at the moment. (use)

8) Those boys over there usually play basketball with Phil and Justin. (play)

9) The badminton players normally finish in the gym at 7:45. (finish)

10) Oh, they are coming out of the gym right now. (come)

11) Good. Those boys are leaving the table now. (leave) We can get their table.

Present simple and present continuousPut the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

Ginny likes tennis. She plays four or five days a week. (play) She doesn´t live near the tennis club, so her mother takes her in the car. (not live, take) She often watches her, too. (watch) Ginny often goes to competitions at weekends. (go) Sometimes she wins them. (win)

Today, it´s her birthday. She isn´t playing now. (not play) She isn´t thinking about tennis at the moment! (not think) She is sitting in a café and she is having a pizza with her friends. (sit, have) They are talking about the new PE teacher at school. (talk)

Present simple and present continuousComplete Sally´s e-mail. Use these verbs in the present simple or the

present continuous.

Hi. It´s 7.30 on Friday evening and I´m sitting at my computer. I usually go out with my friends on Fridays. We normally sit at the café and then we go to the cinema or to the sports centre, and we always have a lot of fun. But I´m not having a lot of fun today, because I´m looking after my little brother. My parents are at a restaurant. They are having dinner with some friends. My little brother is watching a video in the living room at the moment. It´s his favourite video and he watches it all the time. My friends are all at the sports centre now. They are playing volleyball. Everybody is having a good time, except me. It´s not fair.

Anyway, how are you? What are you doing at the moment? Do you

usually meet on Friday evening?