Date: 8th May 2017

LOB: To be able to complete a fieldwork investigation into the beaches at Walton on the Naze

Title: Physical fieldwork

Teacher: Miss Morgan/Miss TaylorPlanners

out

Starter: Complete the command word match up in the top left corner of your A3 sheet. The words you need are…Explain, Evaluate, Describe, Justify

Say what you did

step by step.

Give reasons for

something.

Give good and bad

points of something

and come to an

overall conclusion.

Say why you did

something in a

particular way.

Key Question: How and why do the beaches differ on a managed and unmanaged section of coast at Walton on the Naze.

What kinds of things could we compare?

We are going to compare the following:1. Gradient

2. The beach material

3. The infiltration rateNice, white trainers –

don’t wear!!!

Important Key terms:

Longshore Drift:

Definition:

How does this work again?

How does longshore drift operate at Walton on the Naze?

Direction of the prevailing

wind

Draw lines to show longshore drift along this coastline.

What will happen to the material being carried sideways at A (where there are groynes) and B?

How would you expect the beaches to differ at A and B?

A

B

Key term 2: Groyne

Definition:

Location

Where are we going?

Why was this a good location for our fieldwork?

Link to Bing maps – you can zoom in and

out then convert to OS map to show route

and how close the managed and unmanaged

sections are for second question.

Beaches are dangerous places.

RISK

We will use two types of data in our investigation:

1. Primary data

2. Secondary data

When we collected our primary data we used sampling techniques.

Why do we use a sample when collecting and recording data?

In reality there is simply not enough; time, energy, money, labour/man power,

equipment, access to suitable sites to measure every single item or site within the

parent population or whole sampling frame.

Therefore an appropriate sampling strategy is adopted to obtain a representative,

and statistically valid sample of the whole.

What are the three types of sampling techniques you can use?Which one did we use?

1. Random sampling – what do you think this is?

Every person or place has an equal chance of being selected.

Advantage:

Disadvantage:

2. Systematic sampling:

Where samples are taken at regular intervals e.g. every 10th person for questionnaires or every 100m along a transect.Advantage:

Disadvantage:

Data Collection method 1: Beach profileEquipment:20m tape measure.2 ranging staffs

ClinometerRecording sheet and pen

Method:1. Lay out a 20m transect from the sea (0m) to the sea wall

(20m)2. Person 1 holds the ranging staff and clinometer at 0m3. Person 2 holds the ranging staff at 2m.4. Person 1 takes note of their eye level e.g. 1.5m and lines up

the clinometer with their eye level (same-1.5m) on the other ranging staff.

5. Press the trigger on the clinometer, person 3 tells them when it has stopped spinning. Release the trigger and take the measurement which is the angle of the slope between 0 and 2 m. Person 4 record the measurement.

6. Person 1 moves to 2m and person 2 moves to 4 m and repeat every 2m along the transect.

Data Collection method 2: Infiltration rateEquipment:20m tape measure.Tube

BucketTrowelRuler

Method:1. Lay out a 20m transect from the sea (0m) to the sea wall

(20m)2. At 0m person 1 and 2 places the tube firmly into the sand

and seals it around the edge with more sand using the trowel/hands.

3. Person 3 fetches a full bucket of water from the sea and the pours it into the tube.

4. When the tube is full Person 4 starts the timer while person 1 or 2 measures how far the water infiltrates (soaks) into the ground in 1 minute.

5. Person 1 or 2 records the result.6. Repeat at 5,10,15 and 20m along the transect.

Data Collection method 3: Beach materialEquipment:20m tape measure.

Quadrat

Method:1. Lay out a 20m transect from the sea (0m) to the sea wall

(20m)2. At 0m, lay the quadrat on the ground.3. Estimate the % cover of sand, clay, pebbles (smaller than

your fist) and rocks (bigger than your fist)4. The quadrat is divided into 25 squares therefore each

square represents _______%? Use this to help you estimate the %.

5. Is one person going to do this or are you going to discuss and agree or are you going to take an average?

6. Record the results.7. Repeat every m along the 20m transect.

Data presentation:

How could we present our data for:1. Gradient?2. Beach material?3. Infiltration rate?

Extra: Think about the advantages and disadvantages of this way of presenting data. How else could we have presented this data?

1. We are going to show gradient as a beach profile graph.

Task:

Complete a beach profile graph using your results with your teacher.

1. We are going to show beach material as a series of kite diagrams.

Task:

Complete a set of kite diagrams for the managed and unmanaged sides of the beach.

1. We could show infiltration rate using a Google Earth graph. Where have we seen one of these before?

What did you do to present

your data? Step by step.

Why is this a good way to

present your data?

What are the

problems/limitations with

this way of presenting data?

What did you to to present

your data? Step by step.

Why is this a good way to

present your data?

What are the

problems/limitations with

this way of presenting data?

Data analysis:

What does our data presentation tell us? Write a list of statements related to your aim that tell us what we have learnt.

For each, can you suggest a reason for what we found using your knowledge of longshore drift and groynes.

E.g. Using the beach profile graph we can clearly see that the gradient of the managed beach is much steeper than that of the unmanaged beach. Over the distance of the transect there was an increase in the height of the beach of __________ on the managed side and __________ on the unmanaged beach. This is a difference of __________.The reasons for this are…

Key Question: How and why do the beaches differ on a managed and unmanaged section of coast at Walton on the Naze.

Write down some conclusions with evidence.

The beach was steeper on the managed side than the unmanaged side. This is shown by and increase of beach height of… as opposed to … on the unmanaged side.

In what way are your conclusions reliable?• What did you do to make the methods more reliable –• systematic sampling to get rid of bias and cover the

whole beach.• Same person taking measurements so it was done in the

same way.• One member of the group watched and said when the

clinometer stopped spinning.• Did your methods match up with what you could see?

In what way are your conclusions unreliable?• Problems with the methods – what may have affected you

results?• Did your methods match up with what you could see?• What were the limitations – only one transect on one

beach, only took measurements on one day of the year.

Problems/ limitation to do with our investigation

Problems with methods

Suggestions for improvements to our investigation

Heads Up!!

Monday 9th October p5 will be your end of topic test for coasts and I will also put a set of Qs in on your coastal fieldwork so learn your A3 sheet.