TCOM551-Lecture1.ppt

7/23/2019 TCOM551-Lecture1.ppt

1/79

TCOM 551/EC Lecture number 1 1

TCOM 551DIGITAL COMM!ICATIO!S

S"#I!G 2005

I! 136 $e%ne&%'(& 4)30 * +)10 p,m,

Dr, -erem( A..nutt '..nuttgmu,e%u


2/79


Gener'. Inrm'tin 1

Cnt'ct Inrm'tin*#m) Science Tecn.g( II7 #m 268

*Te.epne 9+03: 8833868*Em'i.)[email protected]

*Oice M'n'ger) TBD

Oice ;ur&*Mn%'(& 'n% Tue&%'(& 3)00 * 6)00 p,m,

".e'&e7 b( appointmentn.(


3/79


Gener'. Inrm'tin 2

Cur&e Out.ine*G t http://telecom.gmu.edu'n% c.ic< ncourse

schedule

*Scr.. %=n t TCOM 551

Bad weather days) c'.. 9+03: 8831000

>uMUST;'?e Te @..=ing*'tem'n TeBtb


4/79


Gener'. Inrm'tin 3

;me=r< A&&ignment&

* @ee. ree t =r< tgeter n te&e7BUT

* A.. &ubmitte% =r< mu&t be (ur =n =ru m'( u&e 'n( 'n% '.. re&urce&7BUT* >u mu&t 'c


5/79


Gener'. Inrm'tin 4

EB'm 'n% ;me=r< An&=er&

*@r prb.em& &et7 m&t m'r


6/79


Gener'. Inrm'tin 5

Term "'per*An( tpic in ie.% Digit'. Cmmunic'tin&

*Abut 10 p'ge& .ng 'but 4 igure&*C'n =r< '.ne r in &m'.. grup& 9.engt p'per gr=& =it number in grup * =itpermi&&in n.(:

*Paper marks depend on delivery datesee slide !"

"&&ib.e Tpic&F


7/79

TCOM 551/EC Lecture number 1 +

Gener'. Inrm'tin 6

EB'mp.e& Term "'per Tpic&

* TDMA ?&, CDMA in ?'riu& &itu'tin&

* LDCEL") ='t i& it 'n% = %e& it e.pF* M"EG2) ='t i& it 'n% = %e& it e.pF

* Digit'. Im'ging 'n% it& imp'ct n &prt& c'&ting

* DS) =( %i% %igit'. &uccee% =ere 'n'.g 'i.e%

* $'t i& ' &m'rt 'ntenn' 'n% = =i.. it e.pF

* $

* .uett ?&, IEEE 02,11 Etc.!!!


8/79

TCOM 551/EC Lecture number 1

Gener'. Inrm'tin +

C.'&& Gr'%e&

Emp'&i& i& n ?er'.. ert 'n% re&u.t&

'.'nce bet=een me=r


9/79


Term "'per Gr'%e "ercent'ge

A m'r< =i.. be '..c'te% t='r%& te gr'%e

'& ..=&)

*"rir t 'n% n Apri. 6t)

#$%

*!?, 10ttrug Apri. 13t) &%

*!?, 1+ttrug Apri. 20t) '%

*!?, 24ttrug M'( 2+t)

(%

*Ater Apri. 2+t) $%


10/79


TCOM 551 Cur&e ".'n

G t http://telecom.gmu.edu7c.ic< n

course schedule7 &cr.. %=n t TCOM 551

InC.'&& Te&t& &ce%u.e% r

M'rc 2n%

Apri. 13t

InC.'&& @in'. eB'm &ce%u.e% r

M'( 11t

http://ece.gmu.edu/coursepages.htm)nother

alternative


11/79


TCOM 551 Lecture 1 Out.ine

Sine $'?e #e?ie=

@reuenc(7 "'&e7 $'?e.engt

Lg'ritm& 'n% % 9%ecibe.: nt'tin

Cre Cncept& Digit'. Cmmunic'tin&

*Surce in,7 C'rrier Sign'.7 M%u.'tin

*C/!7 S/!7 'n% E#

*"errm'nce A?'i.'bi.it(


12/79


Sine $'?e #e?ie= 1

$e '..


13/79


Sine $'?e #e?ie= 2

A

'

$'t 'ppen& i =e &ine

' .igt rm te .et 'n%prect te &'%=

nt ' &creenF

"int P

Line n=

%e&cribe& ' circ.e

'but "int "


14/79


Sine $'?e #e?ie= 3

Ligt

rm

te .etScreen n

te rigt

A

En% JK

precte%

nt te&creen'

"int P


15/79


Sine $'?e #e?ie= 4

En% JK

precte%

nt te&creen

Screen n

te rigt

A& .ine JK rt'te& 'but

te center pint7 "7 te

precte% en% JK

&ci..'te& up 'n% %=n nte &creen, $'t 'ppen&

i =e m?e te &creen t

te rigt 'n% remember

=ere te precte% en% JK ='&F


16/79


Sine $'?e #e?ie= 5

Screen

"&itin 1

Screen

"&itin 2

Lcu& JK

en%pint

One &ci..'tin

One ='?e.engt7

$e '?e ' Sine $'?eN

',


17/79

TCOM 551/EC Lecture number 1 1+

Sine $'?e #e?ie= 5

0 80 10 2+0 360 Degree&

*#

+#

,emember:

Sine $ - $ Sine !$ - # Sine #&$ - $ Since 0$ - +# Sine ('$ - Sine $ - $


18/79


Sine 'n% C&ine $'?e& 1

Sine

1ave

2osine

1ave

0 80 10 2+0 0 360 80 10

Sine $'?e C&ine $'?e shiftedb( 80


19/79



Sine 'n% C&ine

='?e& c'n

terere becn&i%ere% t be

't rigt 'ng.e&7

i,e, rtgn'.7t e'c ter

JC&ine

$'?eK

Sine $'?e


20/79



A #'%i Sign'. cn&i&t& 'n inp'&e cmpnent

'n% 'n utp'&e 9rtgn'.: cmpnent

Sign'.7S7 i& ten =ritten in te generic rm

S = A cos + j B sin

Inp'&e

cmpnent

Ortgn'.

cmpnent

1here j- +# "

#e'. Im'gin'r(

$e =i.. n.(

cn&i%erReal&ign'.&


21/79



T= cncept&

*Te &ign'. m'( be tugt '& ' time ?'r(ing

?.t'ge7 9t:*Te 'ng.e7 7 i& m'%e up ' time ?'r(ing

cmpnent7 t7 'n% ' &upp.ement'r( ?'.ue7 7

=ic m'( be iBe% r ?'r(ing

Tu& =e '?e ' &ign'.

9t: Ac& 9 t :


22/79



Time ?'r(ing &ign'.

9t: Ac& 9 t :

In&t'nt'neu&

?'.ue te&ign'.

"'&e) "MP "S

@reuenc() @MP @SAmp.itu%e) AMP AS

'r( te&e

tModulate

te &ign'.

!te) 2 f


23/79


'c< t ur Sine $'?e * 1

Deining te $'?e.engt

Te ='?e.engt

i& u&u'..(

%eine% 't te

JQer cr&&ing&K


24/79


'c< t ur Sine $'?e 2

One re?.utin 360

One re?.utin '.&

cmp.ete& ne c(c.e 9r

='?e.engt: te ='?e,

S te JphaseK te ='?e

'& m?e% rm 0t 360

9i,e, b'c< t 0: in ne c(c.e,

Te '&ter te p'&e c'nge&7

te &rter te time ne c(c.e

9ne ='?e.engt: t'


25/79


'c< t ur Sine $'?e * 3

T= u&eu. eu'tin&

"'&e '& c'nge% b(

Te r'tec'nge te p'&e7

ddt7 i& te reuenc(7f,

Te time t'


26/79


Sine $'?e * 4

$'t % =e me'n J#'tec'nge p'&e

i& reuenc(KF

3ne revolution - ('$o-

radians

3ne revolution - # cycle

3ne revolution/s - # cycle/s - # 45

67amples:#. 0$o/s - revolutions/s - 45

. #&8$$$o/s - #&8$$$/('$ revs/s

- 9$ revs/s - 9$ 45

Beore we look at d

dtlets look at rate+o+change o phase


27/79


ddt Digre&&in 1

"ilomete#s

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 + 8

Time hou#s

16

12

4

0

"er&n ='.


28/79


ddt Digre&&in 2

"ilomete#s

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 + 8

Time hou#s

16

12

4

0

>u c'n cmpute te

A&e#a'e $elocit%

u&ing %i&t'nce/time7

9i,e, 16/ 2


29/79


ddt Digre&&in 3

"ilomete#s

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 + 8

Time hou#s

16

12

4

0

)

B

T diffe#entiate

me'n& t in% te

&.pe 't 'n( in&t'nt,

Te &.pe ' cur?e

i& gi?en b( tet'ngent 't t't pint7

i,e,7 A/

In ti& c'&e7 A i& in


30/79


ddt Digre&&in 4

$en =e diffe#entiate7 =e 're t'


31/79


Sine $'?e Cntinue%

C'n tin< ' Sine $'?e '& ' *a##ie# Si'nal

i,e, te &ign'. nt =ic te inrm'tin i&

.'%e% r &en%ing t te en% u&er

A C'rrier Sign'. i& u&e% '& te b'&i& r &en%ing

e.ectrm'gnetic &ign'.& bet=een ' t#ansmitte#

'n% ' #ecei&e#7 in%epen%ent.( te reuenc(


32/79


C'rrier &ign'.& 1

A C'rrier Sign'. m'( be cn&i%ere% t

tr'?e. 't te &pee% .igt7 c7 =eter it i&

in ree &p'ce r in ' met'. =ire Tr'?e.& mre &.=.( in m&t &ub&t'nce&

Te ?e.cit(7 reuenc(7 'n% ='?e.engt

te c'rrier &ign'. 're uniue.( cnnecte% b(

c = f $'?e.engt

@reuenc(e.cit( .igt


33/79


C'rrier &ign'.& 2

EB'mp.e

*$AM 9!'tin'. "ub.ic #'%i: tr'n&mit& 't '

c'rrier reuenc( ,5 M;Q*$'t i& te ='?e.engt te c'rrier &ign'.F

An&=er

*c 93R10G: m/& f R 9,5 106: R 9 :

*$ic gi?e& 3,38 m 3,4 m#emember) M'


34/79


Digre&&in U,TS

St'n%'r% unit& t u&e 'reM-S*M meter& =ritten '& m

*-


35/79


C'rrier &ign'.& 3

A *a##ie# Si'nalc'n*c'rr( u&t ne c'nne. inrm'tin 9ti& i& ten

c'..e% Sing.e C'nne. "er C'rrier S**:*Or c'rr( m'n( c'nne.& inrm'tin 't te &'me

time7 u&u'..( trug 'Multiple/e#

TBSing.e

C'nne.S**

Mu.tip.eBer TBMu.tic'nne.

c'rrier

Multiple/ed

*a##ie#

!te) Te m%u.'tr

'& been mitte% inte&e %r'=ing&


36/79


Lg'ritm& 1

Te u&e .g'ritm& c'me 'but r t=

b'&ic re'&n&)

*A nee% t mu.tip.( 'n% %i?i%e ?er( .'rge number&

*A nee% t %e&cribe &peciic prce&&e& 9e,g, in

Inrm'tin Ter(: t't cunte% in %ierent

0ases !umber& 're t te b'&e 10P i,e, =e cunt in

mu.tip.e& ten&


37/79


Lg'ritm& 2

17 27 37 47 57 67 +7 7 87 10T be e'&ier t &ee7 ti& &u.% be=ritten '& te &erie&

007 017 027 037 047 057 , 087 10

117 127 137 147 15 ,,

,,

817 7 8+7 87 887 100

8817 ,,7 88+7 887 8887 1000

$e 'ctu'..( cunt

rm 1 t 10 but

te numberingge& rm 0 t 87

ten =e c'nge

te ir&t %igit 'n%g rm 0 t 8

'g'in7 'n% & n


38/79


Lg'ritm& 3

Cunting t b'&e 10 i& teDecimal S%stem

$e cu.% eu'..( =e.. cunt in '

Duodecimal S%stem7 =ic i& ' b'&e 127 'He/adecimal S%stem7 =ic i& ' b'&e 167 '

Bina#% S%stem7 =ic i& ' b'&e 27 etc,

Stic


39/79


Lg'ritm& * 4A

A Decim'. S(&tem c'n be =ritten '& '

p=er 107 r eB'mp.e

*100 1

*101 10

*102 100

*103 17000*104 107000


40/79


Lg'ritm& * 4


p=er 107 r eB'mp.e

*100 1

*101 10

*102 100

*103 17000*104 107000

D (u %etect 'n( .gic ereF


41/79


Lg'ritm& * 4C


p=er 107 r eB'mp.e

*100 1

*101 10

*102 100

*103 17000*104 107000

Te number Qere& i& te

&'me '& te ?'.ue teeBpnent

D (u %etect 'n( .gic ereF


42/79


Lg'ritm& 5

Let& .< 't te&e 'g'in

*100 1

*101 10

*102 100

*103 17000*104 107000

Te eBpnent i& c'..e% te.g'ritm te number

T't i&)

Te .g'ritm 1 0Te .g'ritm 10 1

Te .g'ritm 100 27 etc,


43/79


Lg'ritm& 6

ue&tin)

*Te .g'ritm 1 t te b'&e 10 9=ritten '&

.g101: 0 'n% .g1010 1, $'t i I ='nt te

.g'ritm ' number bet=een 1 'n% 10F

An&=er)

*>u


44/79


Lg'ritm& +

ue&tin

*$'t i& te .g'ritm 3F

An&=er)*$e ='nt .g103

*Let .g103 /

*Tr'n&p&ing7 =e '?e 10/ 3*An% 100,4++1213 37 gi?ing/ 0,4++1

*Tu& .g103 0,4++1


45/79


Lg'ritm&

Mre EB'mp.e&

*$'t i& .g104F

*$'t i& .g10+F

*$'t i& .g10+,654F

*$'t i& .g1024F

*$'t i& .g104123,6F

*$'t i& .g100,68F


46/79


Lg'ritm& 8

Mre EB'mp.e& 9An&=er&:

*$'t i& .g104F 0,6021

*$'t i& .g10+F 0,451

*$'t i& .g10+,654F 0,38

*$'t i& .g1024F 1,302

*$'t i& .g104123,6F 3,6153

*$'t i& .g100,68F 0,1612

0,68 i& U 1 & te 'n&=er mu&t be be.= 0


47/79


Lg'ritm& 10

ue&tin

*$'t i I ='nt t '?e ' .g'ritm te ?'.ue

JBK =it ' %ierent b'&eF An&=er

*Let& '&&ume (u ='nt t '?e .ga/7 i,e, te

b'&e i& J'K 'n% nt 10*Ten .ga/ 9.g10/: / 9.g10':

EB'mp.e


48/79


Lg'ritm& 11

ue&tin

*$'t i& .g/10F

9i,e, b'&e J'K 2 'n% te number/10:

An&=er

*Since .g'/ 9.g10/: / 9.g10':*Lg/10 9.g1010: / 9.g102: 1/0,301

3,3218


49/79


Lg'ritm& 12

Let& .< 't ti& 'nter ='()

*Lg2 10 3,3218

#emember7 i .g'9number: /7 =e c'ntr'n&p&e ti& t '/ 9number:

Tu&7 'nter ='( .


50/79


Lg'ritm& 13

20 1 .g21 0

21 2 .g22 1

22 4 .g24 2

23 .g2 3

24 16 .g216 4

25 32 .g232 5

26 64 .g264 6

Ti& i& te

Bina#%

S%stem

Lg2i&

un%'ment'. t

=normation

>heory


51/79


Lg'ritm& 14

!te (u c'n g r='r%& 9.g'ritm: 'n%b'c


52/79


Lg'ritm& 15

St'n%'r% nt'tin&

*A .g109number: i& nrm'..( =ritten '& .g

9number: i,e, .e'?e te 10P e,g, .g 10 1*A .g'ritm t't u&e& te eBpnenti'. ?'.ue7 e7

'& ' b'&e7 reerre% t '& ' Jn'tur'.K .g'ritm7 i&

=ritten '& .ge9number:7 r .n 9number:

*A.. ter b'&e& mu&t be inc.u%e% i te( 're nt

10 r eP e,g, .g29number:


53/79


Lg'ritm& 16

S = % .g'ritm& e.p u&F

An&=er) b( cn?erting t .g'ritm&

*In&te'% mu.tip.(ing (u c'n add

*In&te'% %i?i%ing (u c'n su0t#act

*VTe( 're '.& 'n interme%i'te &tep 9&ee .'ter:W

;= i& t't p&&ib.eF

*See eB'mp.e n te neBt &.i%e


54/79


Lg'ritm& 1+

EB'mp.e

*100 17000 10/10( 109

*28+ 4+35 102,4+2G103,6+53 106,14G1

174067284,88

*3+8 183 103,580+102,2G56 101,3051

20,181+ ig De'.N M( c'.cu.'tr c'n % t't &tu in

Qer &ecn%& .'tN

2 3 5

S) re'% nN


55/79


Lg'ritm& 1

$'t i te number& 're #eall%.'rge r

re'..( &m'..F

EB'mp.e&*9173+,465 1014: 983 108:

*91,3 1023: 9107 38+: 923:

ut .g'ritm& 're re'..( 'n interme%i'te

&tep t deci0els9=ritten '& %:


56/79


Decibe. 9%: !t'tin 1

;i&tric'..( teBel7 n'me% 'ter A.eB'n%er

Gr''m e..7 i& ' unit &un%

It ='& %e?e.pe% '& ' r'ti me'&ure) i,e,7 itcmp're& te ?'riu& &un% .e?e.&

TeBel='& un% t be t .'rge ' ?'.ue 'n% & '

tent 'Bel='& u&e%7 i,e,7 te deci0el

A deci0elr 1 %7 ='& un% t be te minimum

c'nge in &un% .e?e. ' um'n e'r cu.% %etect


57/79



ue&tin*;= % (u get ' % ?'.ueF

An&=er

*T'6: Never ?uote a dB number to more

than one place o decimals


58/79



Sme ting& t remember

*A % ?'.ue i& '.='(& 10 .g10P it i& ne&e# e&e#

20 .g10 7 =e?er ,,*10 .g109/:a 10 a.g109/:

e,g, 10 .g109/:2 10 2 .g109/: 20 .g 109/:

*Te % r'ti m'( be reerence% t ' gi?en.e?e.7 r eB'mp.e

1 $ 9unit =u.% be %$:

1 m$ 9unit =u.% be %m:Some e7amples


59/79



ue&tin* An 'mp.iier incre'&e& p=er b( ' r'ti 1+)17 ='t i&

te % g'inF

An&=er* 10 .g101+ 12,3 %

ue&tin* Te 'mp.iier i& e% =it 1$7 = m'n( ='tt& 're utputF

An&=er* 1+ $'tt& =ic i& eui?'.ent t 12,3 %$


60/79



EB'mp.e& % nt'tin& p=er7 etc,

*425 $ 26,3 %$

*425 $ 4257000 m$ 56,3 %m*0,3 $ 5,2 %$

*0,3$ 300 m$ 24, %m

*247500 43,8 %*2+3 E##o#* (u c'nnt t'


61/79


Cre Cncept& Digit'.

Cmmunic'tin& 1

Di&t'nce

@reuenc(

Surce enc%ing

SurceP

M%u.'tin

Mu.tip.eBing

#@

t

I@

Amp.iic'tin

'n% tr'n&mi&&in

#eceptin 'n%

'mp.iic'tin

C'nne. c%ing

#@

t

I@

Dem%u.'tin

C'nne. %ec%ing

Demu.tip.eBing

Sin


62/79


Cre Cncept& Digit'.

Cmmunic'tin& 2

Di&t'nce

@reuenc(

Surce enc%ing

SurceP

M%u.'tin

Mu.tip.eBing

#@

t

I@

Amp.iic'tin

'n% tr'n&mi&&in

#eceptin 'n%

'mp.iic'tin

C'nne. c%ing

#@

t

I@

Dem%u.'tin

C'nne. %ec%ing

Demu.tip.eBing

Sin


63/79


e( De&ign I&&ue& 1

S/!* Sign'.t!i&e #'ti 9An'.g:

!ee% t be 'b?e u&er& tre&.% r #euire% S

C/!* C'rriert!i&e #'ti 9An'.g 'n% Digit'.:

!ee% t be 'b?e %em%u.'tin tre&.%r u&eu. tr'n&er inrm'tin

E#* it Errr #'te 9Smetime& it Errr #'ti: S/!

!ee% t &'ti&( te "errm'nce 'n% A?'i.'bi.it(Speciic'tin&

$e =i..

.< 't

e'c

te&e


64/79


Sign'.t!i&e #'ti 1

Sign'.t!i&e7 =ritten '& S/!7 i& m'in.(

u&e% r An'.g S(&tem&

S/! i& &peciie% 't te'&eb'n% te Inrm'tin C'nne.

'&eb'n% i& '

r'nge

reuencie&

c.&e t Qer

Inrm'tin i& ='t i& &ent

t te u&er 'n% te c'nne.

?er =ic it i& &ent i& te

Inrm'tin C'nne.


65/79


Sign'.t!i&e #'ti 2

$'t S/! ?'.ue gi?e& ' g% receptinF

*Te.epne 'n% T c'nne.& reuire ' minimum

50 %

An'.g &ign'.& '?e Jgr'ceu. %egr'%'tinK

c'r'cteri&tic&

50 % r'ti 1007000

IE:teSi'nalp=er i& 1007000 X teoisep=er


66/79


Sign'.t!i&e #'ti 3

An'.g #eceptinS/!Le?e.

G%

M'rgin'.

'%

100 0 60 40 20 0

"ercent'ge Time 'b?e Tre&.%

A


67/79


Sign'.t!i&e #'ti 4

Te S/! i& ='t te u&er percei?e&7 but it i&

u&u'..( me'&ure% 't te demodulato#utput

Te C/! 't te demodulato#input =i..

%etermine te utput S/!

Dem%u.'tr#ecei?e%

&ign'.

&er&

App.ic'tin

De?ice

Output

S/!


68/79


C'rriert!i&e #'ti 1

C'rriert!i&e7 =ritten '& C/!7 i& u&e% r bt

An'.g 'n% Digit'. S(&tem&

Te C'rrier &ign'. '& info#mationrm te&en%er impre&&e% upn it7 trug modulation.

Te c'rrier7 p.u& te m%u.'te% inrm'tin7 =i..

p'&& trug te =i%eb'n% prtin tr'n&mitter'n% recei?er7 'n% '.& ?er te tr'n&mi&&in p't

222


69/79


C'rriert!i&e #'ti 2

Inrm'tin

t be &ent M%u.'tr

MiBer MiBer

Tr'n&mitter #ecei?er

Inrm'tin

recei?e%Dem%u.'tr

$i%eb'n% 9p'&&b'n%: &ign'. =it m%u.'tin

'&eb'n% &ign'. =it r'= inrm'tin

I@ I@

#@ #@

Te C/! 't te

input t te

%em%u.'tr i&

te


70/79

TCOM 551/EC Lecture number 1 +0

C'rriert!i&e #'ti 3

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TCOM551-Lecture1.ppt

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