-tcJ · 2018. 9. 15. · 2 kaK Xn h-\-tcJ temtKm-bpsS ]cn-Wmaw kmÀh-{Xn-I-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p...

1

ka{K ]²Xn {]hÀ¯-\-tcJ

2


temtKm-bpsS ]cn-Wmaw

kmÀh-{Xn-I-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p hnhn[ \nd-§Ä

N{Iw Ne-\m-ß-I-Xsbbpw ]ptcm-K-Xn-sbbpw Imcy-£-a-X-sbbpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.

`£y-[m\y kp`n-£XFÃm-bn-t¸mgpw GIp¶ kt´mjw

Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv kwhn-[m-\s¯ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶p

kpc-£sb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p

kpXm-cy-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p

hnhn[ Xe-¯nÂ D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-apÅ `c-W-\nÀÆ-lWw

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Xbm-dm-¡n-bXvknhnÂ kss¹kv I½ojWdpsS Imcymebw

]»nIv Hm^okv _nÂUnwKv, ayqknbw ]n.H., Xncph\´]pcw, tIcfw. ]n³tImUv : 695033

t^m¬: 0471þ2330578, ^mIvkv: 0471þ2330255. CþsabnÂ: [email protected]

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for Kerala

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kqNnI

A≤ymbw 1 tIc-f-Ønse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI

A≤ymbw 2 s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w tIc-f-Ønse Nn{Xw

A≤ymbw 3 s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w `c-W-\n¿∆-lW N´-°qSv

A≤ymbw 4s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w kºq¿Æ Iºyq-´¿h¬°-c-W-Øn-

te°v

A≤ymbw 5 tZiob `£y-kp-c£ Hm¿Un-\≥kv 2013

A≤ymbw 6 hmXn¬∏Sn hnX-c-W-k-{º-Zmbw \S-∏n-em-°-s∏-tS≠ Iev]\

A≤ymbw 7tIc-f-Ønse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\Øn\p-th-≠n-bp≈

`£y-[m\y hnln-X-Ønse Ipdhv

A≤ymbw 8tIc-fØnse s]mXp-hn-X-cWirwJ-e-bnse CS-\ne kw`-c-W-

tijn h¿≤n-∏n-°¬

A≤ymbw 9tdj≥ samØ-/Nn-√d Ipd™ \nc-°n-ep≈ hym]m-cn-Iƒ°p

e`n-°p∂ IΩo-j-≥ XpI-Iƒ

A≤ymbw 10asÆ-Æ-bpsS k_vknUn XpI t\cn´p \¬I¬ ]≤Xn 2012-̨ s‚

\S-∏n-em-°¬

A≤ymbw 11tIc-f-Øn¬ kssπ-sIm-bpsS Iogn¬ amXrIm \ymb-hne

tI{µw/an\n kq∏¿am¿°-‰p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°¬

A≤ymbw 12kºq¿Æ Iºyq-́ ¿ h¬°-cWw LSIw 1\v Bh-iy-amb XpI

`mcX k¿°m-cn¬ \n∂pw 50:50 ASn-ÿm-\-am-°nb [\-k-lmbw

A≤ymbw 13

tIc-f-Ønse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m-\-Øns‚ kºq¿Æ

Iºyq-´¿h¬°-c-W-Øn-\mbn `mc-X-k¿°m¿ C≥^¿ta-j≥

sSIvt\m-fPn a{¥m-ebw \njvI¿jn® amXrIbnep≈ ]≤Xn

{]h¿Ø-\-tcJ.

A≤ymbw 14 k¼qÀ® I¼yq-«ÀhÂ¡-cW]²-Xn-bpsS Nne-hv-þ-t\« hni-Zo-I-cWw

A\p-_Ôw

A\p-_Ôw F.kpXm-cyXm t]mÀ«-ens\ kw_-Ôn¨v 2013 amÀ¨v 21\v \S¶ GI-Zn\

inev]-im-e-bpsS \S-]-Sn-{I-a-§Ä

A\p-_Ôw _n.

k¼qÀ® I¼yq-«ÀhÂ¡-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ hnZ-Kv[m-`n-{]mb

cq]o-I-c-W-¯n-\mbn P\p-hcn 28, 29 Xob-Xn-I-fnÂ kwL-Sn-¡-s¸«

ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\ inev]-im-em-\-´c {]kn-²o-I-cWw

A\p-_Ôw kn.Fkv.-]n.-C.-Fw.än, tÌäv **** sehÂ I½än XpS§nb-h-bp-ambn _Ô-

s¸« kp{]-[m\ kÀ¡p-e-dp-IÄ / t\m«n-^n-t¡-j-\p-IÄ

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ka{K ]²Xn {]hÀ¯-\-tcJ80 e£-¯nÂ¸cw IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v `£y-kp-c-£-tbIn tIc-f-¯nse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w

R§-fpsS {]tNm-Z\w

R§-fpsS tkh\w

R§-fpsS {]Xn-Úm-_-ÔX

R§-fpsS kwXr]vXn

`£y-kp-c-£-tbIpw kt´mjw e£y-am¡n Icp-X-temsS apt¶m«v

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A≤ymbw 1

tIc-f-¯nse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w Hcp Ah-Xm-cnI

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Kerala towards e-pds

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tIcf¯nse s]mXphnXcW irwJe --BapJw

tIcfw 38,863 In.an.NXpc{i hnkvXrXnbnÂ CýbpsS ̀ qhnkvXrXnbpsS 1.18 % ]¦v sIm|v

tIcfw F¶ kwØm\w, ]Snªmdv Ad_n¡Sen\pw, Ing¡v ]Ýna L«ae\ncIÄ¡pw a²y¯nembn

ØnXn sN¿p¶p. 580 In.an. ISÂ¯ocapÅ kwØm\¯nsâ Ing¡v \nXylcnXh\§fpsS CuänÃamb

kly]ÀÆXamWv. ̀ cW kuIcy¯n\mbn kwØm\s¯ 14 PnÃIfmbn hn`Pn¨ncn¡p¶p. AXnÂ

Xs¶ 5 ap³kn¸Â tImÀ¸tdj³, 60 \KckÌÄ 1453 dh\yq hntÃPpIÄ, 978 {Kma]©mb¯pIÄ

F¶n§s\ ]nt¶bpw XcwXncn¨ncn¡p¶p. Hmtcm PnÃ¡pw ssZ\wZn\ Imcy\nÀÆlW¯n\mbn

Hmtcm `cW tI{µhpw,A\p_Ô HmôkpIfpw D|v.

CXc kwØm\§sf At]£n¨v 3.44% F¶ Gähpw sNdnb P\kwJym hÀ²\

hpÅ kwØm\amWv tIcfw. P\km{µX Hcp IntemaoädnÂ 819 BfpIÄ. 2011 se sk³kkv

{]Imcw tIcf¯nsebmsI P\kwJym 33,388,000. 2011se Xs¶ lyqa³ sUhe¸vsaâ v dnt¸mÀ«v

{]Imcw, lyqa³ tUhe¸vsaâ v C³UIvknÂ (0.920) tIcfw aäpkwØm\§sf¡mÄ ap¶nemWv.

km£cXbpsS Imcy¯nepw (93.91%) BbpÀssZÀLy¯nepw (74 hbÊv) tIcfw hfsc ap¶nemWv.

1083 kv{XoIÄ¡v 1000 ]pcpj·mÀ F¶ {Ia¯nÂ, enwKm\p]mZ¯nepw kwØm\w hfsc DbÀ¶

t{iWnbnemWv. CXc kwØm\§sf At]£n¨v sIme]mXI \nc¡nÂ hfsc XmsgbmWv

tIcfw. 1:1 per 1000 F¶XmWv 2011 se \nc¡v. 2005 Â {Sm³kvt]c³kn CâÀ\mjWÂ \S¯nb kÀtÆbnÂ cmPys¯ Gähpw Ipdhv AgnaXnbpÅ kwØm\amWv tIcfw. tIcf¯nsâ k¼Zv

hyhØsb Xm§n\nÀ¯p¶XnÂ {]hmknkaqlw hfsc ImXemb ]¦v hln¡p¶p, 1970þ80

IfnÂ KÄ^v _qwansâ ]Ým¯e¯nÂ kwØm\¯v \n¶v H«\h[n t]À hntZi¯v, {]tXyIn¨v

t]Àjy³ KÄ v̂ \mSpIfnÂ tPmen tXSn t]mIpIbp|mbn«p|v. ̀ qcn]£w hcp¶bmfpIÄ lnµpaXw

]n³XpScp¶hcmWv. F¶mÂ CÉmw aXhpw, {InkvXy³ aXhpw tIcf¯nÂ ]n³XpScp¶p|v. aebmf

`mjbmWv kwØm\¯nsâ kwkmc`mj Cýbnse Xs¶ “Gähpw ipNnXzapÅ” kwØm\amWv tIcfw.

Bcy, {ZmhnU kwkv¡mc§fpsS kt½f\amWv tIcfob kwkvImcw. \qäm|pIfmbn aäv

CXc kwkvImc§fnÂ \n¶p kzmwioIcn¨pw Ahbv¡v kw`mh\ sNbvXpw cq]sIm| tIcfob

kwkv¡mc¯nsâ thcpIÄ _nkn aq¶mw \qäm|nte¡v \o|ncn¡p¶p.

tIcfw þ hnhcw

hnkvXrXn 38,863

XeØm\w Xncph\´]pcw

`mj aebmfw

PnÃIÄ 14

P\kwJy 3,33,87,677

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]pcpj³ 16,021,290

kv{Xo 17,366,387

km{µX 859 per sq.kmkm£cX 30.9%

k¼Zv hyhØ (economy) ImÀjnIhr¯n (organization)\ZnIÄ 44

`£y£maw AXncq£ambn A\p`hs¸Sp¶ Hcp kwØm\amWv tIcfw. D]t`mK¯nsâ

15 iXam\w am{XamWv kwØm\¯msI Dev]mZn¸n¡p¶Xv. 90 iXam\tam AXne[nItam

Ahiyw th|p¶ ]bÀ hÀ¤§Ä, [m\y§Ä ]©kmc apXembh Cýbnse aäv kwØm\§fnÂ

\nt¶m cmPy¯n\v ]pd¯p \nt¶m BWv e`yam¡p¶Xv. sNdnsbmcp iXam\w Hgn¨v

\nÀ¯nbmÂ ]ghÀ¤§fpw sIm|phcp¶Xv CýbpsS aäv ̀ mK§fnÂ \n¶p Xs¶. ]¨¡dnIfpsS

Imcy¯nepw AbÂ kwØm\§tfmSpÅ Cu B{ibXzw \ne\nev¡p¶p. ap«, ]mÂ, Cd¨n F¶o

hkvXpIfptSbpw Cd¡paXn AbÂ kwØm\§sf B{ibn v̈ Xs¶. kwØm\s¯ C¯c¯nepÅ

cq£amb ̀ £y£maw ̀ £y e`yXtbbpw AXnsâ kamlcWt¯bpw, ̀ £y e`yX¡pdhv aqeapÅ

hne Nm©m«§sfbpw, kzm[o\n¡p¶p. kwØm\s¯ hn]WnbnÂ `£y kpc£ Dd¸phcp¯p

¶Xn\pw hneNm©m«w ]nSn v̈ \nÀ¯p¶Xn\pw s]mXphnXcW irwJebpw aä\p_Ô Øm]\§fpw

kp{][m\amb ]¦v hlnbv¡p¶p. _n.]n.FÂ t{iWnbnepÅ hoSpIfpsS _mlpeyw asämcpXc¯nÂ

kwØm\s¯ `£ykpc£bv¡v òjWnbpbÀ¯p¶p. 2009Â _n]nkn FÌntaänsâ `mKambn \

S¯nb kwØm\ kÀtÆbnÂ tIcf¯nse 32.29 e£w hoSpIÄ _n._n.FÂ t{iWnbnÂ (42%)

s¸Sp¶p. F¶v ImWn¡p¶p. kwØm\s¯ Zcn{Z hn`mK¯n\v ̀ £ykpc£ Dd¸v hcp¯pI F¶Xv

{iaIcamb ZuXyambn amdnbncn¡p¶p, F¶XmWv kXyw.

`£ymhØbpsS AhtemI\w (Review of food situation)

Bhiyamb ̀ t£ymXv]¶§fpsS e`yX Dd¸m¡pI F¶XmWv ̀ £y kpc£bpsS BZy]

Sn. Cu ̀ £y kpc£m {]XnkÔnsb adnIS¡phm³ ImÀjntImXv]mZ\w DbÀ¯pI F¶ t]mw hgn-

bmWv AXphgn Hcp {]tZis¯ ̀ £ymhiyw DbÀ¯pIbpw XXvêambn P\§fpsS thX\§fnÂ

hÀ²\hv D|mIpIbpw sN¿p¶p. asämcÀ°¯nÂ ImÀjnI [m\y§fpsS B`y´tcmZv]mZ\w

Hmtcm hoSnsâbpw ̀ £W kpc£ Dd¸phcp¯p¶p. AcnbpsSbpw acö\nbptSbpw (kp{][m\amb

`£y hnf) B`y´tcmXv]mZ\¯nse KWyamb Ipdhv kwØm\s¯ `£ye`yXbv¡v Imcyamb

shÃphnfnIÄ DbÀ¯p¶p.

tIcf kwØm\w Ahiyw th|p¶ `£y [m\y§fpsS \mensem¶v t]mepw

Dev]mZn¸n¡p¶nÃ. \½Ä¡v {]XnhÀjwth| Acn 42.65 e£w S®mWv. F¶mÂ Ct¸mgs¯

Dev]mZ\w 5.98 S¬ am{XamWv. Bhiyw th|p¶ ̀ £y [m\y§fpsS 86 iXam\hpw hcp¶Xv AbÂ

kwØm\§fmb B{Ôm{]tZiv, Xangv\mSv F¶nhnS§fnÂ \n¶mWv. Dev]mZ\¯n\pw, Bhiy

IXbpw X½nepÅ Cu hnShv {]XnhÀjw hÀ²n v̈ sIm|ncn¡p¶p. s\ÂIÀjIÀ ImÀjnIhr¯nbnÂ

\n¶v ]n³Xncnbp¶Xv Cu {]XnkÔn IqSpXÂ cq£amIp¶p. FÃm¯n\pw ]pdta, Imew sXänbpÅ

ag, DbÀ¶ NqSv ̀ qKÀ` Pe¯nsâ e`yXbnÃmbva ImemhØ hyXnbm\w F¶n§s\bpÅ ImÀjnI

{]XnIqe§Ä Imcy§sf IqSpXÂ hjfm¡p¶p.

tIcf¯nÂ Hcp hyàn¡v {]Xnamkw e`yamt¡| `£y[m\y§Ä, 13.8 In. BWv. Hcp

hyàn¡v Hcp Znhkw 370 {Kmw ̀ £y [m\y§Ä F¶ C³Uy³ Iu¬knÂ Hm v̂ saUn¡Â dnkÀ v̈

\nÀt±i {]ImcapÅ IW¡ns\ ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbmWv Cu Afhv \nÝbn¡p¶Xv. s]mXphnXcW

irwJ-e (PDS) B{ibn¨v `£y [m\y§Ä hm§p¶ Imcy¯nÂ tIcfw aäv kwØm\§tf¡mÄ ap¶nemWv. 1991 se IW¡v {]Imcw s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\¯nÂ \n¶v tIcf¯nÂ Hcp hyàn

11


hm§p¶Xv icmicn 69.9 In. {Kmw [m\y§fmWv. A§s\ t\m¡pt¼mÄ ]nUn.Fkv kwhn[m\w D]

t`mK¯nsâbpw, t]mjmImlmc e`yXbptSbpw {InbmßIamb ]¦v hln¨n«p|v.

s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w

tI{µ kÀ¡mcnsâ kmaqlyt£a, Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ {]hÀ¯\§fpsS {]mYanIamb

Hcp]cn]mSnbmWv s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w (PDS)k_vknUn \nc¡nÂ Ahiy Dev]¶§fmb Acn, tKmX¼v, ]©mkmc, as®® XpS§nb s]mXpP\§Ä¡v e`yam¡p¶p. CýbpsS `£y

kpc£m kwhn[m\¯nÂ hÀj§fmbn Cu k{¼Zmbw Imcyamb ]¦v hln¡p¶p. s]mXphnXcW

k{¼Zmb¯neqsS cmPy¯msIbpÅ \ymbhne tI{µ§fneqsS ̀ £yhkvXp¡fpw (Acn, tKmX¼v,

]©kmc, `£y F®) `t£yXc hkvXp¡fpw (as®®, IÂ¡cn, XpWn) s]mXp P\§Ä¡v hn]

Wn hnetb¡mÄ hfsc Ipdª \nc¡nÂ hnXcWw sNbvXphcp¶p. {][m\ `£y[m\y§fmb

Acnbpw, tKmX¼pw s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯neqsSbmWv ssIImcy sN¿p¶p F¶ hkvXpX

a\Ênem¡pt¼mfmWv Cu k{¼Zmb¯nsâ {]kàn hyàamIp¶Xv. Cýbnse s]mXphnX-

cW k{¼Zmbw cmPy¯t§mfant§mfapÅ 400,000 \ymbhne tI{µ§fmÂ hym]n¨p InS¡p¶

temI¯nse Xs¶ henb s]mXp hnXcWk{¼Zmbw BWv. Cu s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w hgn

{]XnhÀjw 15,000 tImSncq]bne[nIw hnehcp¶ hkvXp¡Ä cmPys¯ 16 tImSnIpSpw_§Ä¡v

e`yam¡p¶p. Ahiyw th|p¶ ̀ £y[m\y§Ä e`yam¡nsIm|v cmPy¯msI hym]n v̈ InS¡p¶ Cu

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ {][m\ hnPbw AXn\vv Cýbnse Hmtcm ]mhs¸« ̀ h\§tfbpw

sNdnbtXmXnse¦nepw kzbw ]cym]vXXbntes¡¯n¡m³ Ignbp¶p F¶XmWv. Cýbnse Zcn{Z

P\hn`mK§fpsS kmaqlykpc£¡v th|nbpÅ Kh¬saânsâ kp{][m\ klmblkvX§fnÂ

H¶mbn amdnbncn¡pIbmWv s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw Zcn{ZP\hn`mK§fpsS kpc£, restrictional status hÀ²\hv, It¼mf hne\nÝb¯nÂ Imcyamb CSs]SÂ F¶o aq¶v kp{][m\ e£y§fmWv s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\¯nepw \nÀÆln¨p hcp¶Xv

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ {][m\s¸« e£y§Ä.

hneØncX \ne\nÀ¯p¶p.

Zcn{Z P\hn`mK§fpsS kmaqly D¶a\w (Ahiyw th|p¶ `£y hkvXp¡Ä \ymbhne tI{µ§Ä hgn k_vknUn \nc¡nÂ e`yam¡p¶p.)

`£y hkvXp¡fpsS ZuÀ_eyw ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\pÅ tdj\nwKv kwhn[m\w.

kzImcy I¨hSs¯ \nb{ń¡p¶p. (keeping a check on private trade) kmaqly \oXn Dd¸m¡ns¡m|v kpØnc hnIk\w Dd¸phcp¯p¶p.

s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w hnhn[ L«§Ä

]n.Un.Fknsâ e£y¯nepw, Dt±iy¯nepsams¡ ImXemb amä§Ä Ignª Ipsdb[nIw

hÀj§fmbn D|mbn«p|v. temIalmbp²Ime¯v `£yhkvXp¡fpsS s]mXpPt\m]tbmKw

\nb{ń¡pIbp|mbn. t]mÀ\ne§fnÂ t]mcmSp¶ tk\¡v ̀ £Ww e`yam¡p¶Xn\p th|nbmWv

C¯c¯nÂ \nb{´W§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯nbXv. \ncćamb ̀ £y e`yX¡pdhv ̀ £y ZuÀ_eys¯¸än

Nnń¡m³ D¯chmZn¯s¸«hsc t{]cn¸n¨p. C¯c¯nepÅ `£y {]XnkÔn ]cnlcn¡phm³

tdj\nwKv kwhn[m\w sIm|p h¶p. \mKcnI taJebnÂ \ymbhne tI{µ§Ä Xpd¶v `£y

km[\§Ä hnXcWw sN¿phm³ Bcw`n¨p. Cu kwcw`w Hcp hnPbambn¯oÀ¶p. CXnsâ hnPbw

C¯cw \ymbhne tI{µ§Ä {KmaoW taJeIfnte¡v IqSn hym]n¸n¡p¶Xnte¡v \bn¨p. 1992þ

apXÂ, hcÄ¨m_m[nX {]tZi ]²Xn, acp`qan hnIk\ t{]m{Kmw XpS§nb ]²XnIÄ \S¸nem¡n

h¶ {]tZi§fnÂ Hcp ]pXp¡nb s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w kPohambn AhXcn¸n¡s¸«p. Cu

kwhn[m\w hgn P\§Ä¡v th|p¶ `£y hkvXp¡Ä \ymbhnetI{µ§fnÂ \n¶v k_vknUn

12


\nc¡nÂ hm§phm³ km[n¨p XpS§n. 1996 se apJya{ńamcpsS kt½f\¯n\p tijw ho|pw

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw ]pXp¡Â \S]SnIÄ¡v hnt[bambn. SmÀPäUv ]nUnFkv F¶ Cu

k{¼Zmbw cmPys¯ 4.74 e£w hcp¶ \ymbhne tI{µ§fpsS klmbt¯msS AhXcn¸n¡s¸«p.

Cu kwhn[m¯nsâ IognÂ SpþssSbÀ k_vknUn hne k{¼Zmbw Bcw`n¨p. cmPys¯ tdj³

ImÀUpÅhsc F.]n.FÂ, _n.]n.FÂ. F¶n§s\ c|mbn Xcw Xncn¨p F]nFÂ, _n]nFÂ

F¶n§s\bpÅ hn`P\¯nsâbSnØm\¯nÂ _n]nFÂ IpSpw_§Ä¡v `£yhkvXp¡Ä

k_vknUn \nc¡nÂ e`yam¡n XpS§n 2000 Unkw_À amk¯nÂ än]nUnFkv kwhn[m\w ho|pw

amä§Ä¡v hnt[bam¡n, AtýmZb A¶ ]qÀ® kvIow IqSn DÄs¸Sp¯n. Cu ]²Xn IqSpXÂ

hn]peam¡n. kvIow {]Imcw 65.2 aney¬ hcp¶ _n]nFÂ ImÀUv D]t`màm¡fnÂ Zcn{ZcnÂ

Zcn{Zcmb 10 aney¬ \nÀ[\ IpSpw_§sf Is|¯n. AhÀ¡v 25 In.{Kmw ̀ £y[m\y§Ä {]Xnamkw

c|v cq] \nc¡nÂ tKmX¼pw, aq¶v cq] \nc¡nÂ Acnbpw e`yam¡n.

`£y k_vknUn

`£y k_vknUn F¶mÂ `£yhkvXp¡fpsS sImSp¡Â hm§Â hnebnepÅ hnShv

]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\v tI{µ `£y GP³knIfmb ^pUv tImÀ¸tdj³ Hm^v Cý XpS§nbhbv¡v

tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ A\phZn¨v sImSp¯n«pÅ B\pIqeyamWv. C¯c¯nÂ k_vknUn A\phZn¨v

sImSp¡p¶Xv hgn IÀjIsâ hnfIÄ¡v am\yamb hne e`n¡p¶p. AtX kabw Xs¶ Zcn{Z P\

hn`mK§Ä¡v s]mXphn]Wnbnte¡mÄ hne Ipd¨v `£W km[\§Ä e`n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

tI{µ `£y hnXcW GP³knIÄ C¯cw hkvXp¡Ä IqSnb hne sImSp¯v hm§pIbpw, AXv

hneIpd¨v hnev¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Cu sImSp¡Â hm§Â {Ibhn{Inbbnse km¼¯nI Aćw

tI{µ Kh¬saâ v hln¡p¶p. ̀ £y k_vknUnbnÂ c|v {][m\ LSI§Ä AS§nbncn¡p¶p. H¶v hnXcW k_vknUn. c|v _^À tÌm¡v sNehv. ̀ £y [m\y§Ä sImSp¡p¶ hnebpw (Kh¬saâ v

hnev¡p¶ hne) hnXcW¯ns\Sp¡p¶ hnebpw X½nepÅ hyXymks¯bmWv hnXcW k_vknUn

F¶p ]dbp¶Xv. CXv am{Xw sIm|v {]m]vXamIp¶nÃ AXn\mWv c|mas¯ LSIamb _^À

tÌm¡v Nnehv. 1971þ72, 2010-þ2012 Imebfhn\nSbnÂ ̀ £yk_vknUn PnUn]n tb¡mÄ 0.5 iXam\w

Xmsgbmbncp¶p. F¶mÂ 2010þ2012 te¡v IS¶t¸mÄ `£yk_vknUn hÀ²n¡pIbpw AXv 0.6

iXam\amhpIbpw AXn\mÂ Xs¶ PnUn]ntbmsSm¸w \nev¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Hcp {]_eamb ̀ £y

kpc£ kwhn[m\¯n\v AXniàamb km¼¯nI klmb¯nsâ ]n³_eap|mth|XmhiyamWv.

2009þ10 Imebfhnse _UvPänÂ amänsh¨ `£y k_vknUn XpI 46,9068.68 tImSncq]bmWv, AXm-

bXv UnPn]nbpsS 1.18 iXam\w

tIcf¯nse s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw

tIcf¯nse s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ {]tXyIXIÄ \nch[nbp|v. kmÀÆ{XnIX,

D]tbmK¯nsâ DbÀ¶ \nehmcw, \ymbhne tI{µ§fpambn _Ôn¸n¡s¸«p InS¡p¶ iàamb

hnXcW irwJe, {KmaoW taJeIfnse kPohX, s]mXphnXcWk{¼Zmb¯nsâ hnPbIcamb

D]tbmKw F¶nhbmWv. tIcf s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\¯nsâ {][m\s¸« khntijXIÄ.

tIcf¯nse s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ DZv̀ hw c|mw temIalmbp² Ime¯mWv kw`hn¨Xv

F¶p ]dbmw. cmPys¯ km[mcWP\§fpsS `£ymhiy§Ä ]cnKWn¡p¶Xn\pw, Ahsc aäv

I¨hS¡mÀ NqjWw sN¿p¶XnÂ \n¶v XSbp¶Xn\pw kpkÖamb Hcp s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw

kzX{ým\ć ImeL«¯nÂ tIcfkwØm\w cq]w {]m]n¡p¶Xn\p apt¼ kPohambn«p|v

1954þ1956, F¶o c|v hÀj§fnÂ am{XamWv C¯csamcp kwhn[m\w tIcf¯nÂ D|mhmXncp¶Xv.

tIcf kwØm\ cq]w sIm|Xn\ptijw 1957þÂ kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ ]mh§Ä¡pw \nÀ[\À¡pw

Acne`yam¡p¶Xn\pth|n s]mXphnXcWw k{¼Zmbw \nehnÂsIm|ph¶p. CXv 1974 HIvtSm_À

hsc XpScpIbp|mbn. F¶mÂ, AtX hÀjw sXt¡ Cýbnse Nne kwØm\§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯nb

13


hne¡nsâ êambn tIcfw cq£amb Acn£maw t\cn«p. 1964 \hw_À 1þmw XobXn Hu]NmcnI

Xe¯nÂ tIcf¯nÂ tdj\nwKv k{¼Zmbw \nehnÂ h¶p.

C¶v, tIcf¯nse FÃm ̀ h\§fnepw tdj³ ImÀUv D|v. CXv D]tbmKn¨v AhÀ¡v Acn,

tKmX¼v, ]©kmc, as®® apXemb km[\§Ä k_vknUn \nc¡nÂ, BgvNbntem amk¯ntem

hm§phm³ km[n¡pw. CXnsâ êambn CXc kwØm\§sf At]£n¨v tIcf¯nÂ `£y

km[\§fpsS dos«bnÂ hne {IamXoXambn IqSp¶nÃ F¶ Imcyw {it²bamWv. tIcf¯nÂ

Hmtcm c|v IntemaoäÀ Npäfhnepw Hcp \ymbhne s]mXphnXcW tI{µ¯nsâ km¶n²yw D|v.

F¶mÂ, Cýbnsem«msI {KmaoWtaJebnÂ C¯cw hnXcW tI{µ§fpsS km¶n²yw tIhew

35 iXam\w am{XamWv. 1990þ2010 s]mXp hnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ hniZ Nn{Xw NphsS

]«nI þ1 s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw (1990þ2010)

hÀjw tdj³

ImÀUv

tdj³

s]ÀanäpIÄ

tdj³

tjm¸pIfpsS

F®w

tjm¸v Unt¸m

1990 50.52 9016 13007 296 39

1995 56.5 13173 14179 353 39

2000 62.6 17528 14226 345 23

2005 67.8 14187 14195 333 21

2010 68.4 14101 14239 335 22

1990 Ime¯v tIcf¯nse tdj³ ImÀUpIfpsS F®w 50.52 e£ambncp¶p. 296 sam¯

hnXcW tdj³ Unt¸mIfneqsSbmbncp¶p, tdj³ km[\§Ä hnXcW¯n\mbn F¯n¨v

sImSp¯ncp¶Xv. 1990 Â 13007 tdj³ ISIfmWv kwØm\¯v D|mbncp¶sX¦nÂ AXv 2010Â 14239

ISIfmbn DbÀ¶p. CXnÂ 12428 ISIÄ {KmaoWtaJebnemWv F¶Xpw {][m\s¸« hkvXpXbmWv.

{KmaoW \mKcnItaJeIfnse D]t`màm¡Ä¡v Xpeym\p ]mX¯nÂ B\pIqey§Ä e`yam¡phm³

Cu kwhn[m\¯n\v km[n¡p¶p, F¶Xv kp{][m\amb Hcp t\«amWv. Hcp{]tZis¯ tdj³ IS

GItZiw 400 Hmfw hcp¶ IpSpw_§Ä¡v Bhiyamb tkh\w \evIpt¼mÄ, HcmÄ¡pt]mepw Cu

ISbpsS tkh\w e`n¡phm³ c|v IntemaoädnÂ IqSpXÂ k©cnt¡|n hcp¶nÃ.

SmÀPäUv s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw (TPDS)

k¼qÀ® e£yt¯msSbpw, \¶mbn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xpamb s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw

Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ Bhiy§sf Iptd¡qSn {]kàambn A`napJoIcn¡p¶Xn\pth|nbmWv.

1997 emWv SmÀPäUv s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw \S¸nÂ hcp¯nbXv. Cu hnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nÂ

k_vknUn _n]nFÂ hn`mK§Ä¡v am{Xambn¨pcp¡n \ne\nÀ¯nbncn¡p¶p. C¯cpWw hnX-

cW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ `mKamb _n]nFÂ IpSpw_§sf Xocpam\n¡p¶Xn\pÅ am\ZÞ§Ä

Xocpam\n¡p¶Xv tI{µkÀ¡mcmWv.

tIcf¯nse s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbs¯ SmÀUäUv hnXcW k{¼Zmbw ]e hn[¯nÂ

_m[n¨n«p|v. H¶maXv, 25 iXam\w hcp¶ IpSpw_§sf am{XamWv _n]nFÂ ]cn[nbnÂ

¹m\nwKv I½oj³ DÄs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. AXn\mÂ Sn]nUnFkv hgnbpÅ k_vknUn

\nc¡nepÅ ̀ £y hnXcWw kwØm\¯v t\cs¯bp|mbncp¶ s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ

]¯v iXam\t¯mfta hcp¶pÅq. Hcp `£yI½n kwØm\sa¶ \nenÂ SnUn]nFkv Ime¯n\v

14


ap³]v kwØm\¯nsâ `£ymhiy§Ä¡v th|p¶ `£y[m\y§fnÂ 20 iXam\w ChnsS

Dev]mZn¸n¨ncp¶Xv s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw hgn 32 iXam\w `£y[m\yw tijn¡p¶ Afhv

`£y[m\y§Ä apgph³ kzImcyI¨hS¡mcneqsSsb¯ncp¶Xv.

c|mas¯ {][m\s¸« Imcyw F¶Xv SnUn]nFkv kwhn[m\¯nsâ \yq\Xbv¡mbn CXv

\ne\nev¡p¶Xv _n]nFÂ enÌnÂ A\ÀlXcmbhÀ DÄs¸«ncn¡p¶p. AtX kabw AÀlcmb]

etcbpw enÌnÂ DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«panÃ. CXnsâ ImcWw _n]nFÂ enÌnÂ DÄs¸Spt¯|Xnsâ

am\ZÞw tIhew km¼¯nIamWv F¶XmWv. cmjv{Sob]camb _Ôw DÅ ]ecpw kzm[o\w

D]tbmKn¨v enÌnÂ IS¶v IqSnbn«pÅXmbn hym]I ]cmXnIÄ DbÀ¶n«p|v. Cu ImcW§fmÂ

Xs¶ s]mXphnXcWk{¼Zmb¯nsâ KpWt`màm¡fmIm³ AÀlcmb ]ecpw F]nFÂ enÌnem-

Wv DÄs¸«ncn¡p¶Xv. AXn\mÂ AhÀ¡v Int«| B\pIqey§Ä ]eXpw \ntj[n¡s¸Sp¶

AhØbmWv. tIcf kÀ¡mÀ 42 iXam\w hcp¶IpSpw_§sf _n]nFÂ ]cn[n \nÝbn¨v

Is|¯nbn«p|v. kwØm\ _UvPänÂ hIbncp¯n Cu Zcn{Z P\hn`mK§Ä¡v kÀ¡mÀ k_vknUn

\evIp¶p. `£y[m\y§Ä _n]nFÂ IpSpw_mwK§Ä¡v e`yam¡p¶Xp t]mse Xs¶ kwØm\

kÀ¡mÀ F]nFÂ IpSpw_mwK§Ä¡v In«ns¡m|ncp¶ B\pIqey§Ä XpSÀ¶p sIm|ncn¡p¶p.

F]nFÂ P\hn`mK§Ä¡v kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ k_vknUnbpw GÀs¸Sp¯n \ÂInbn«p|v. aq¶maXmbn

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯neqsSbpÅ Hm v̂ sSIv Ipdªn«p|v. 1991, 1992 Imebfhnse {]XnhÀjw

Acnbpw tKmX¼ntâbpw Hm^v tS¡v 2 aneyWmbncp¶p. F¶mÂ 1999 Â AXv 1.6 aneyWpw, 2000¯nÂ

71 aneyWpambn Xmtg¡v h¶p.

\memaXmbn kwØm\s¯ tdj³ ISIÄ emÌcaÃmXmIpIpbpw XpSÀ¶v \S¯ns¡m|v

t]mIm³ IgnbmsX ]q«pIbpw sN¿p¶ ØnXn hntijw D|v.DbÀ¶ F]nFÂ hne\nehmcw

ImcWw tdj³ ISIfpsS {]kàn aäv CXc kzImcy ISIsf sh¨v t\m¡pt¼mÄ IpdbpIbpw

kaql¯nse Hcphenb F]nFÂ P\hn`mKw kzImcy ISIsf ssZ\wZn\ Bhiy§Ä¡v kao]n

¡p¶ ØnXn D|mbn. F]nFÂ hn`mKw kzImcyISIsf B{ibn¡p¶Xnsâ \nc¡v hfsc IqSn-

bXm bpw dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿s¸Sp¶p. A¡me§fnÂ \ymbhne tI{µ§Ä Hcp amkw hnäXv icmicn

7500 Intem Acnbpw, 2000 Intem tKmX¼pamWv. C¯c¯nÂ \ymbhne tI{µ§fnse hnev]\ Ipd

bpIbpw C¯cw tI{µ§Ä \jvS¯nte¡v t]mIpIbpw sN¿p¶ ØnXnhntijamWv Ct¸mÄ DÅXv.

HSphnembn änUn]nFkv kwhn[m\w Ahiy km[\§Ä¡v c|p Xcw tI{µoIrX

hne \ nÝbs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. _n]nFÂ D]t`màmhn\pw, F]nFÂ D]t`màmhn\pw DÅ

\ nc¡pIÄ¡p ]pdta aq¶maXmbn Hcp hne IqSn 2001 \nÝbn¡pIbp|mbn. AXv AtýmZb kvIo-

anÂ DÄs¸« KpWt`màm¡Ä¡mWv.

tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ 11 e£t¯mfw hcp¶ IpSpw_§sf am{XamWv _n]nFÂ enÌnÂ

\ nPs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. AtX kabw kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ 25 e£t¯mfw hcp¶ IpSpw_§sf

Cu enÌnÂ DÄs¸Sp¯pIbpw AhÀ¡v c|v cq]m \nc¡nÂ \ymbhne tI{µ§fneqsS Acn

e`yam¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. I¬kyqaÀ sÛv, knhnÂ kss¹kv tImÀ¸tdj³, amthen tÌmdpIÄ,

klIcW tÌmdpIÄ tlmÀ«ntImÀ¸v XpS§nb \ymbhne tI{µ§fneqsS kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ \

S¯nb CSs]SÂ hne¡bäw \nb{ń¡m³ DXIn. AXphgn AhiyhkvXp¡fptSbpw, ]¨¡dn

IfptSbpw hne CXv Dev]mZn¸n¡p¶ kwØm\§tf¡mÄ Ipdbv¡m³ km[n¨p. CXnte¡mbn s]m

XphnXcW k{¼Zmbw hgn 400 tImSn cq] sNehgn¨p.

{]Xnamk BhiyIX

AcnbpsS {]Xnamkw BhiyIX 3.92 e£w S®m®v. tI{µkÀ¡mÀ A\phZn¨n«pÅ

hnlnXw FÃmwXs¶ ê{]Zambn F.]n.FÂ, _n.]n.FÂ F.F.ssh Izm«IfnÂ DÄs¸Sp¯n

kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ D]tbmKn¨v hcp¶p. AcnbpsS {]Xnamk hnev]\ s]mXphnXcW

15


k{¼Zmb¯neqsS F.F.ssh DÄs¸sS, 3.17 e£w S®m®v. 49.39 e£w S¬ Acnbpw 8.36 e£w S¬

tKmX¼pw C¯c¯nÂ s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w hgn tIcf¯nÂ hnXcWw sN¿p¶p. (Ahew_w:

F¡tWmanIv dnhyq, ¹m\nwKv t_mÀUv, 2010)]«nI NphsSþ]«nI 2&3

]«nIþ2 Acn, tKmX¼v, ]©kmc, as®® XpS§nbh PDS eqsS (2007þ08 apXÂ 2009þ10)

hÀjw Acn (sa{SnIv S¬) tKmX¼v

(sa{SnIv S¬)

]©kmc

(sa{SnIv S¬)

as®®

(enäÀ)

2007-08 854105 258932 37023 245448

2008-09 859091 202607 53787 243961

2009-10 1013931 202607 68147 244873

]«nIþ3 ]ekvIoapIfnÂ DÄs¸Sp¯n `£y[m\y§fpsS hnXcWw

kvIow Atem«vsaâ v en^vänwKv % of off take Off take

F.-]n.-FÂ.- 447672 442190 99.00 442599

_n.-]n.-FÂ. 318792 379172 100.00 317841

F.-F.-ssh. 250260 249872 99.76 249643

F.-F³.-]n. 5400 5400 71.17 3841

{]XnioÀj ]n Un Fkv D]t`mKw

tIcf¯nse {]XnioÀj ]n Un Fkv D]t`mKs¯¡pdn¨v ]cmaÀint¡|Xp|v. 1999þ2000

ImebfhnÂ AcnbpsS hm§ensâ tXmXv 4.1 Intem{Kmw/{]Xn-ioÀjw \n¶v (CXckwØm\§sf

At]£n¨v B hÀjs¯ Gähpw IqSnb \nc¡v) 2004þ05 hÀj¯nÂ 1.71 Intem{Kmw/{]Xn-ioÀjw te¡v \n]Xn¨p. XpSÀ hÀj§fnÂ Cu AhØbv¡v t\cnb BizmkhÀ²\hp|mbn. Intem{Kmw/

{]Xn-ioÀj ¯nte¡v amdnbt¸mÄ Bizmkw A\p`hs¸«psh¦nepw C§s\sbmcp Nm©m«w

kw`hn¨Xv än.]n.Un.Fknsâ AhXcWt¯mSpIqSn ]n.Un.Fkn\v D|mb amä§Ä sIm|mWv.

hn]Wn þCSs]SepIfnse {]iv\§Ä (Issue in intervention)

`£y It¼mf¯nse CSs]SepIÄ `£y It¼mf§fpsS Imcy£aX hÀ²n¡pIbpw

^e§fnse XpeyX hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. hne\nb{´W¯neqsSbmWv Imcy£aXm hÀ²\

hntebv¡v F¯nt¨cpI. kzImcymSnØm\¯nÂ `£y hkvXp¡Ä IcpXn shbv¡pI F¶Xv

em`Ichpw BiymkyhpaÃ F¶v IgnªIme§fnse A\p`h§Ä sXfnbn¡p¶p.

`£ykpc£, kwØm\ kÀ¡mcnsâ CSs]SÂ

tIcf¯nsâ X\Xv `£WamWv Acn. s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw hgn AcnbpsS

hnXcW¯neqsS Htcm Poht\bpw \ne\nÀ¯pI F¶Xv kÀ¡mcnsâ `mcn¨ D¯chmZnXzamWv.

\nÀ[\cmb ]mh§Ä¡v AhiyhkvXp¡Ä F¯n¡pI F¶Xv asämcp shÃphnfnbmWv. c|v

cq]m \nc¡nÂ `£y[m\y§Ä _n.]n.FÂ/ F.F.ssh ImÀUv D]t`màm¡Ä¡pw AtXmsSm¸w

]«nIPmXn/]«nIhÀ¤ hn`mK§Ä¡pw hnXcWw sN¿p¶p|v. Xncph\´]pcw PnÃbnÂ 22þ05þ2009

apXepw CXc PnÃIfnÂ 23þ05þ2009 apXÂ¡pw C¯c¯nÂ `£y[m\y§Ä hnXcWw sNbvXp

hcp¶p. 2009þ10 km¼¯nI hÀjw Cu kwhn[m\w \S¸nem¡p¶Xntebv¡mbn Nnehgn¨Xv 195.95

tImSn cq]bmWv. 01þ09þ2011 \p apXÂ¡v Cu ]²Xn ho|pw hn]pes¸Sp¯n Acn hnXcWw c|v

16


cq]bnÂ \n¶v Hcp cq]bmbn kÀ¡mÀ Npcp¡pIbp|mbn. C¯c¯nsemcp ]²Xn \S¸nem¡pI

hgn kwØm\s¯ `£ykpc£ Dd¸v hcp¯phm³ Ignbp¶ coXnbnÂ ImXemb Hcp CSs]

SemWv kÀ¡mÀ \S¯nbncn¡p¶Xv. Xangv\mSn\v tijw Hcp cq] \nc¡nÂ Acn hnXcWw sN¿p¶

c|mas¯ kwØm\ambn amdnbncn¡pIbmWv tIcfw. \ymbhne tI{µ§fneqsS s]mXphnXcW

k{¼Zmbw hgn hnägn¨ `£W km[\§fpsS hne hnhcw ]«nI \menÂ DÄs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p.

]«nI þ4 tIc-f-¯nÂ s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m-\-¯nse hne-hn-hcw (2012 se IW¡v {]Imcw)

km[\§Ä _n.]n.FÂ `h\§Ä F.]n.FÂ `h\§Ä

Acn 1 8.90tKmX¼v 2 6.70as®® 16.50/17.00 enädn\v 16.50/17.00 enädn\v

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯neqsS hnXcWw sN¿p¶ `£yhkvXp¡fpsS hne

\nehmcw tI{µkÀ¡mÀ {]Jym]n¨Xnt\¡mÄ XmsgbmWv CXnsâ êambn 2009þ10

hÀj§fnÂ kwØm\¯n\v `£yk_vknUn 19.95 tImSn cq]bmbn DbÀt¯|n h¶p. CXn\v

ImcWw kwØm\¯n\v hns«Sp¡ense Aćw ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\v th|n, tI{µkÀ¡mÀ

A\phZn¨n«pÅXnt\¡mÄ A[nIambn `£W km[\§Ä hmt§|n h¶p. s]mXphnXcW

irwJe kwØm\sam«msI imàoIcn¡p¶Xnsâ BhiyIXbv¡v ]e ImcW§fp|v. ISp¯

`£yI½n kwØm\sa¶ \nebnÂ ̀ £ye`yX Dd¸mt¡|p¶ AhØ, s]mXphn]Wnbnse ̀ £y

[m\y§fpsS hne ØncX \ne\nÀt¯|Xnsâ BhiyIX, kaql¯nse ]mhs¸«hÀ¡v

`£ye`yXbpw, kpc£bpw Dd¸v \evIpI, kwØm\¯nsâ BtcmKy kpc£ sa¨s¸Sp¯pIbpw,

\ne\nÀ¯pIbpw sNt¿| BhiyIX, F¶o Imcy§Ä {]kàamWv. kwØm\¯nsâ

`£ykpc£ Dd¸p hcpt¯| kÀImÀ CSs]SepIfnÂ kp{][m\amb H¶mbn«mWv s]mXphnX-

cW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ iàns¸Sens\ I|ncn¡p¶Xv. Cu s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw kzmX{ý

e_v[n¡v ap³s] Xs¶ kwØm\¯v kPohambncp¶XmWv. D]t`màm¡sf ̀ £yZuÀe`y¯nÂ

\n¶v c£n¡pIbpw Dev]mZIsc \ncćamb hne Nm©m«§fnÂ \n¶v kwc£n¡pIbpw sN¿pI

F¶Xmbncp¶p {]mYanIamb ]n.Un.Fkv. k{¼Zmb¯nsâ Dt±iy ip²n. \nehnÂ Sn ]n Un Fkv

t]mse Xs¶ tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ c|v ]²XnIÄ (AtýmZb A¶tbmP\ (FFssh) A¶]qÀ®)

IqSn BhnjvIcn¨n«p|v.

FFssh ]²Xn (AtýmZb A¶tbmP\)

AtýmZb A¶tbmP\ ]²XnbpsS KpWt`màm¡Ä kaql¯nse Zcn{ZcnÂ

Zcn{Zcmb a\pjycmWv. Sn.]n.Un.FknÂ DÄs¸«n«pÅXpw _n.]n.FÂ t{iWnbnÂs¸Sp¶hcpamb

`qanbnÃm¯ IÀjIÀ, ]mÀizhXvIcn¡s¸« IÀjIÀ, s\bv¯pImÀ, aqimcnamÀ, açWn¡mÀ,

tNcn\nhmknIÄ, AkwLSnX taJebnÂ A¶¶s¯ thX\w ]äp¶ sXmgnemfnIÄ,

dn£mh|n¡mÀ, sNcp¸p¡p¯nIÄ, NhÀs]dp¡n Pohn¡p¶hÀ XpS§nbhscms¡ Cu ]²XnbpsS

KpWt`màm¡fmWv. hoSt\zjn¡p¶ hn[hIfmbhÀ, imcocnI tijnbnÃm¯hÀ, amdmtcmK§fpsS

]nSnbneaÀ¶hÀ, 60 hbÊn\ptaÂ {]mbambn sXmgnseSp¡mt\m, PohnXkÔmcW¯n\v thsd

amÀ¤§tfm CÃm¯hÀ, BZnhmkn IpSpw_§Ä XpS§nbhcpw Cu ]²Xn{]ImcapÅ KpWw

e`n¡phm³ AÀlcmWv. Cu ]²Xn {]Imcw 35 Intem ̀ £y[m\y§Ä aq¶p cq]m \nc¡nÂ Hmtcm

`h\§Ä¡pw e`n¡pw.

A¶]qÀ®m ]²Xn

65 hbÊn\ptaÂ {]mbamb apXnÀ¶ ]uc·mtcm \mjWÂ htbmhr² s]³j³ (NO-APS) kvIoan\Àlcmbn«pÅhcpw F¶mÂ s]³j³ e`n¡m¯À Bbn«pÅhtcm Cu ]²XnbpsS

17


KpWt`màm¡fmWv. Cu ]²Xn{]Imcw {]Xnamkw ]¯p Intem `£y[m\y§Ä kuP\yambn

CXnsâ KpWt`màm¡Ä¡v e`n¡pw.

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ \ne\nÂ]mWv Ct¸mgs¯ A\nhmcyX. sslsehÂ I½nän

dnt¸mÀ«v D²cn v̈ ]dbpIbmsW¦nÂ SmÀPänwKv sIm|v k_vknUn sNehv Ipdbv¡m³ km[n¨nsÃ¶v

am{XaÃ AXv sam¯w kwhn[m\s¯bpw XfÀ¯n IfbpIbpw sNbvXp. kmÀÆ{XnI s]mXphnX-

cW amä¯neqsS s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmb¯nsâ {]tbmP\w, FÃm `h\§fnepsa¯n¡m³ Hcp

]cn[n hsc km[n¡pw. SmÀPänwKv GÀ Hcp ]cn[n hsc Ipdbv¡m³ IgnbpI F¶XmWv

{iaIcamb Hcp t]mwhgn FIvkv]³Un¨À ]cmXnIÄ¡SnØm\anÃmsX Ipdbv¡m³ Ignªmepw

]n.Un.Fkv kwhn[m\w hnPbIcam¡m³ Ignbpw. F¶mÂ km¼¯nImSnØm\¯nsâ NphSv

]nSn¨v _n.]n.FÂ enÌpIsfSp¡m³ {ian¨mÂ AXv IqSpXÂ k¦oÀ®amb Ipg¸§fntebvt¡

\bn¡pIbpÅq. Cu Ahkc¯nÂ kp{][m\amb Hcp \bXocpam\w D|mIWw AXmbXv

s]mXphnXcW k{¼Zmbw ]gbcoXnbntebv¡v Xs¶ Xncn v̈ sIm|p t]mIpI F¶XmWv Ct¸mgs¯

Bhiyambn amdnbncn¡p¶Xv.

Bhiyhpw hnXcWhpw X½nepÅ Aćw

Acn

`q]cnjvIcWw \S¸nem¡nbXn\v tijw tIcf kwØm\w ImÀjnI hr¯nbpsS

Imcy¯nÂ hensbmcp amä¯n\v hnt[bambn. Dev]mZ\¯nsâbpw IrjncoXnbpsSbpw, ImÀjnI-

hnfbpsSbpw Imcy¯nsems¡ Xs¶ Cu amäw Zriyambn. tIcf¯nse 96 iXam\t¯mfw hcp¶

IÀjIcpw ̀ mKnIambn am{Xw Irjnsb Ahew_n¡p¶hcmWv. ChÀs¡ms¡ Xs¶bpw Htc¡dnÂ

Xmsg am{Xw hcp¶ IrjnbnS§fmWpÅXv. Chscms¡ Xs¶ ImÀjnIhr¯nbneqsS PohkÔm-

cWw \S¯p¶p F¶p ]dbphm³ IgnbnÃ. Ignª \mep]Xnäm|mbn tIcf kaql¯nep|mb

kmaqlnI km¼¯nI amä§fpw, ImÀjnI`qanbnep|mb amä§fpsams¡ Xs¶ {]Xy£¯nÂ

kwØm\¯nsâ ImÀjnItaJebpsS ImXemb amä§sf kzm[o\n¨n«p|v F¶ Imcy¯nÂ

XÀ¡anÃ. amdp¶ Irjn`qanbpsS DSaØX Xs¶bmWv {][m\ambpw `qanbpsS D]tbmKw, Irjn-

coXnbpsSbpw, Dev]mZ\¯nsâbpw ImÀjnItPmenbpsSbpsams¡ amä¯n\v \nZm\w. ]«nWnbpsS

{][m\ ImcWw ̀ £ykpc£bnÃmbvabmWv. F¶mÂ Cusbmcp {]iv\¯ntebv¡v \bn¡p¶XnÂ

{][m\w Bhiyhpw hnXcWhpw X½nepÅ hnShmWv.

`£W¯nsâ BhiyIXbv¡v P\s¸cp¸w am{XaÃ ImcWw, kmaqly km¼¯nI

amä¯nsâ `mKambn kw`hn¨ thX\ hÀ²\hpw CXn\v Dt]mZ_eambn XoÀ¶n«p|v. ]Ww

sIm|v `£Ww hm§m³ ]äp¶ kmlNcyw Xs¶bmWv asämcpXc¯nÂ ]dªmÂ `£ym

hiyw hÀ²nbv¡phm³ ImcWw. Cusbmcp ØnXnhntijw Zcn{Z P\hn`mK§sf tamiamb A¶Pw

hm§p¶Xn\p ]Icw B ]Ww sIm|v AhÀ¡v [mcmfw ]ghÀ¤§fpw, ]¨¡dnbpw, ap«bpw, Cd¨nbpw

aäp Blmckm[\§fpw hm§m³ Ignbp¶ ØnXn kwPmXam¡n. CXnsâ A\ćêambn ̀ £ycoXn-

bnÂ Xs¶ Imcyamb amä§Ä D|mbn. A¶Phpw ]¨¡dnIfpw DÄs¸« ]c¼cmKX ̀ £WcoXnbnÂ

\n¶v sImgp¸pw, s{]m«o\pw DÄs¸Sp¶ k¼¶amb ]pXp`£WcoXnbnte¡v P\hn`mKw amdn. P\

s¸cp¸¯ns\m¸w Iq«nbmÂ IqSmXmbn tIcf¯nsâ ̀ £W¯nsâ B`y´tcmev]mZ\w F¶Xv asämcp

{]iv\ambn¯oÀ¶p.

]«nWn¡v {][m\ ImcWw P\s¸cp¸w Xs¶bmWv. P\kwJym hÀ²\hv `qanbpsS,

ImÀjnI`qanbpsS e`yX Ipd¨p. a\pjyÀ¡v hoSv sh¨v Pohn¡m³ `qan Bhiyambn h¶p. CXp

aqew ]«nWnbpw, t]mjImlmc¡pdhpw {][m\ shÃphnfnIfmbnamdn. t]mjImlmc {]XnkÔn

]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\v Htcm hoSpIfntebpw `£W¯n\v sNehgn¡p¶ XpI Ipdbv¡pIbpw, Ah-

cpsS thX\w hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶XmWv Hcp t]mwhgn. s]cpIp¶ P\kwJys¡m¸w

ImÀjntImev]mZ\w aµKXnbnembXpw `£y {]XnkÔn¡v ImcWambn¯oÀ¶p. tIcf¯nÂ Cu

18


ØnXnhntij¯n\v \nZm\ambXv, Dev]mZ\£aamb ImÀjnI`qanbpsS A`mhhpw, sXmgnemfn

£mahpw aäpamWv. P\s¸cp¸w ̀ £yDev]mZ¯ntebpw BhiyIXbpsS hnShpIÄ hepXm¡n. CXp

hgn `£ykpc£ {]XnkÔnbntebv¡mWv hcm\ncn¡p¶ \mfpIÄ \bn¡p¶Xv.

]«nIþ5 AcnbpsS BhiyIXbpw e`yXbpw

hÀjw P\kwJy BhiyIX X¯v Dev]mZ\w

]pd¯p

\n¶pÅ Dev]mZ\w I½n %

BsI e`yX PDS kzImcyw

1951 135.49 14.22 7.12 6.41 - 7.81 55

1961 169.04 19.77 10.68 9.61 - 10.16 51

1971 213.47 24.96 120.98 11.68 7.37 5.91 53

1981 254.54 29.77 12.72 11.45 10.63 7.69 61

1991 290.99 34.03 10.87 9.78 17.50 6.75 71

1996 311.01 36.37 9.53 8.58 13.50 14.29 76

2001 318.41 37.98 7.51 6.76 9.07 22.15 82

2009 338.87 42.65 5.98 5.38 10.14 24.62 86

]«nI A©nse IW¡v {]Imcw tIcf¯nse Acn I½n 1995 apXÂ 1970- am|v a²y`mKw

hsc 50 apXÂ 55 iXam\amWv. AXn\v tijw Cu I½n {IamXoXambn IqSpIbpw AXnt¸mÄ 35

iXam\w F¶ BhiyIXbnse¯n \nÂ¡pIbpbmWv cmPy¯msIbpÅ `t£ymev]mZ\¯nsâ

BsI¯pIbnÂ 1970 ImeL«¯nÂ tIcf¯nsâ kw`mh\ tIhew 1.3 iXam\w am{XamWv.

F¶mÂ, C¶Xv ho|pw Ipdªv 0.5 iXam\¯nÂ Xmtgbv¡v h¶ncn¡p¶p. 1970 IfpsS a²y¯nÂ

tIcfw C´ybnemsIbpÅ P\kwJym hÀ²\hv 9 iXam\w \nc¡nÂ tcJs¸Sp¯nb Øm\¯v

P\s¸cp¸ \nc¡v Ipdªv Ct¸mÄ 3.3 iXam\ambn amdn. Ignª \qäm|nsâ Ahkm\ ]mZ¯nse

hfÀ¨bpsS \nc¡v ]cntim[n¨v ]dbpIbmsW¦nÂ ASp¯ A©p hÀj¯n\pÅnÂ Acn I½n

90 iXam\¯n\pw apIfnte¡v t]mIpsa¶mWv kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv. 2009þ10 Imebfhnse IW¡v

kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv kwØm\s¯ AcnbpsS Dev]mZ\w 3.98 e£w S®mbn Npcp§nbncn¡p¶p F¶mWv,

AXmbXv Ahiy¯nsâ 13.40 iXam\w am{XamWv kwØm\¯v Dev]mZn¸n¡s¸Sp¶Xv.

Ignª ImebfhnÂ AcnbpsS hne \nb{´WmXoXambn IqSnbn«p|v F¶ Imcyw ImWmXncn¡m³

IgnbnÃ. 2000 am|nÂ s]mXphn]WnbnÂ Xpd¶ It¼mf¯nÂ AcnbpsS hne Intem¡v 7 cq] F¶

\nc¡nembncp¶p. F¶mÂ 2010 Â 27.15 cq] F¶ \nc¡ntebv¡v IqSn. ^pUv Bâ v A{KnIÄ¨dÂ

HmÀKss\tkj³ (FAO)ap³Iq«n ImWp¶Xv 70 iXam\t¯mfw hneIqSpXÂ Acn¡v {]XnhÀjw D|mIm\nSbp|v F¶mWv. hne\nehmcw C§s\ t]mIpIbmsW¦nÂ 2020þmw am|nse¯pt¼mÄ

Intem¡v 150 cq] \evtI| AhØ kwPmXamIpw. 2006þ2010 hÀjs¯ AcnbpsS dos«bnÂ hne

NphsS sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p.

]«nIþ6

{Ia

\wC\w bqWnäv

Unkw-_-dnse hne(cq]-bnÂ)Ign-ª-hÀj§fnse

hyXn-bm\w iX-am-\-

¯nÂ

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010

1 a«-Acn (Np-h-¶Xv) kg 14.03 17.67 19.76 22.89 27.15 25.90 11.80 15.8 31.5

19


tIcf¯nÂ ]«nWnbpsS AhØ

]«nWn F¶mÂ F´v

a\pjy\v kzX{´hpw BtcmKy{]Zhpw, kÀ¤mßIhpamb Hcp PohnXw kzmX{´t¯mSpw,

A`nam\t¯mSpw, kzbw _lpam\t¯mSpw A\ytcmSpÅ _lpam\t¯mSpw IqSn Pohn¡m\pÅ

Ahkcw \ntj[n¡emWv ]«nWn F¶Xv sIm|v AÀ°am¡p¶Xv.

Gjybntebpw, kºv klmc³ B{^n¡bntebpw ]«nWn¡pÅ ImcWw

AwKsshIeyw sIm|v (DZm: AÔX, tIÄhn¡pdhv, imcocnI AwKsshIeyw, amcIamb AkpJw)

Irjn`qanbptSbpw BSpamSpIfptSbpw, s]mSn¡p¶ anÃntâbpw A`mhw. acn¨hsc AS¡m³ Bhiyamb `qanbnÃmXncn¡pI. Ip«nIsf kvIqfnÂ Ab¨v ]Tn¸n¡m³ IgnbmXncn¡pI. Hcp]mSv BfpIÄ¡v A¶w tXtS|n hcnI, klmb¯n\v Bcpw CÃmXncn¡pI. HcXym]¯v hcpt¼mÄ kz´w IpSpw_s¯ klmbn¡m³ IgnhpÅ _Ôp¡fnÃm¯ AhØ.

tamiamb XmakØew. hn\miIcamb ioe§fnÂs¸«v t]mIpI (DZm: aZy]m\w) Ip«nIsf tPmen¡v Abbvt¡| kmlNcyw. Hä amXm]nXm¡fmtI|n hcnI. tamiambXpw, A´ÊnÃm¯Xpamb tPmen sNt¿|n hcnI. FÃmhcptSXpamb hkvXphIIsf D]Pohn¨v Pohnt¡|n hcnI.

am\p-jnI hnI-k\ dnt¸mÀ«v 1997

Zmcn{ZytcJ

Cý-bnse HutZym-KnI Zcn{Z tcJ (¹m-\nwKv I½o-j³ FIvkvs]À«v {Kq̧ v 1993 Ah-ew-_-am-¡n-bXv

Zmcn-{Zy-tc-Jþ Zcn-{Zsc Zcn-{Z-c-Ãm-¯-h-cnÂ \n¶pw thÀXn-cn-¡p¶ tcJ-bmWv Zmcn-{Zy-tc-J-þ-{]-

Xn-ioÀj D]-t`mK hyb-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ P\-kwJy ]cn-amW hnX-c-W-¯nÂ \n¶pw \nÝ-

bn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ tcJ-bm-WnXv.

y Zmcn-{Zy-tcJ \nÀÆ-Nn-¨n-«pÅ Af-hnepw Ipdª {]Xn-ioÀj D]-t`m-K-s¨-ehv \ne-bn-epÅ P\-kw-Jysb Zcn-{ZÀ F¶v IW-¡m-¡mw.

y \mj-WÂ km¼nÄ kÀsh hnhn[ Xh-W-bmbn \S-¯nb IpSpw-_-hyb kÀtÆ-bnÂ \n¶v e`y-amb kzb-hn-`m-K-§Ä tNÀ¶ P\-kw-Jy-bpsS ]cn-amW hnX-cWw kw_-Ôn¨ tUä

y \K-c-§-fnÂ {]Xn-Zn\w {]Xn-ioÀjw 2100 Item-dnbpw {Kma-§-fnÂ {]Xn-Zn\ {]Xn-ioÀjw 2400 Item-dn-bpw, DuÀÖw thW-sa-¶pÅ Itemdn am\-Z-WvU-̄ n-\-Sn-Øm-\-̄ nÂ DÅ HutZym-KnI IW-¡m-¡Â.

2004þ2005þse Zmcn-{Zy-tcJ

2004þ2005þse tZiob Zmcn-{Zy-tcJ {Kma-§-fnÂ BsI {]Xn-ioÀj {]Xn-amk D]-t`m-K-hybw

(sN-e-hn-SÂ) 356.30 cq]-bmbpw \K-c-§-fnÂ BsI {]Xn-ioÀj {]Xn-amk D]-t`m-K-hybw 538.60 cq]

bpw \nÝ-bn¡s¸«n-«p|v. Cu D]-t`m-K-hy-b-¯nÂ Itemdn am\-Z-WvUhpw DÄs¸-Spw.

Cýbnse Zmcn{ZytcJbv¡v Xmsg \nev¡p¶ P\kwJy

Cýbnse HutZymKnI Zmcn{ZytcJ \nÀ®bn¨ncn¡p¶Xv ¹m\nwKv I½ojsâ

]«nWnsb¡pdn¨pÅ \nÀhN\¯nemWv. ]«nI 7 Cýbntebpw, AtXt]mse Xs¶ tIcf¯ntebpw

Zmcn{ZtcJbpsS 1987þ88 apXÂ 2004þ05 hsc hÀj§fnse ØnXnhnhcw ImWn¡p¶p.

20


]«nI þ 7 HutZym-KnI Zmcn-{Zy-tcJm \nÀÆ-N\w

hÀjw tIcfw Cý{Kmaw \Kcw {Kmaw \Kcw

987-88 130.61 175.11 115.43 165.58 1993-94 243.84 280.54 205.84 281.35

1992-2000 - - 327.56 454.11 2004-05 430.12 559.39 356.30 538.60

Source : (i) 1993 se Bkq-{XW I½o-j-³ Zmcn-{Zy-tcJ hnZKv² kan-Xn-bpsS dnt¸mÀ«v(ii) tI{µ Irjn a{´m-e-b-¯nsâ 2004 sebpw 2008 sebpw HutZym-KnI ImÀjnI IW-¡p-IÄ

2004þ05 se Cýbnse Zmcn{Zyw (¹m\nwKv I½ojsâ \hoIcn¨ Zmcn{ZytcJ FIvkvs]À«v

{Kq¸nsâ dnt¸mÀ«v Ahwe_n¨v ]p\À\nÀ®bn¨ Zmcn{ZytcJ)

]«nI þ 8 tIc-f-¯nÂ Zmcn-{Zy-tc-Jbv¡p Xmsg-bpÅ P\-hn-`mKw (i-X-am-\w)

hÀjw {Kmaw \Kcw BsI

1987-88 39.06 40.12 39.341993-94 37.27 32.36 35.97

1999-2000 27.09 23.62 26.10

2004-2005 28.30 25.70 27.50


1987-88

1993-94

1999-2000

2004-05

29.10

25.76

9.38

13.20

43.36

24.55

20.27

20.20

32.08

25.43

12.75

15.00Source : (i) Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ Zmcn{Zy \nÀWb hnZ-Kv²-k-anXn dnt¸mÀ«v(ii) 2008 Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ 11þmw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn 2007þ12 hmeyw 3

]«nI þ 9 tIc-f-¯nÂ Zmcn{Zy tcJbv¡p Xmsg-bpÅ P\-hn-`mKw


1987-88

1993-94

1999-2000

2004-05

66.20

55.95

20.97

32.43

26.02

20.46

20.07

17.17

92.22

76.41

41.04

49.60Source: (i) Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ Zmcn{Zy \nÀWb hnZ-Kv²-k-anXn dnt¸mÀ«v(ii) 2008 Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ 11þmw ]©-h-Õc ]²Xn 2007þ12 hmeyw 3

2009 Â ¹m\nwKv I½oj³ FIvkvs]À«v {Kq¸v Zmcn{ZtcJbpsS \nÀhN\w ]p\À

\nÀhNn¡pIbp|mbn. C§s\ ]p\À \nÀ®bn¡s¸« \nÀhN\w ]«nIþ10 Â tNÀ¯n«p|v. ]p\À

\nÀhNn¨Xn\p {]Imcw Cýbnse BsI Zmcn{ZtcJbv¡v Xmsg \nÂ¡p¶ P\kwJy 37.2 iXam\

amWv. 2004þ05 hÀjs¯ IW¡\pkcn¨v Zmcn{ZytcJbv¡v XmsgbpÅ {KmaoW P\hn`mK§Ä 41.8

iXam\hpw \mKcnI taJebnÂ CXv 25.7 iXam\hpamWv. FIvkvs]À«v {Kq¸v 2009 se Zmcn{ZtcJbv¡v

Xmsg \nÂ¡p¶ P\hn`mK§fpsS iXam\IW¡nÂ hyXymkw hcp¯nbn«p|v. 2004þ05 hÀj¯nÂ

27.5 iXam\¯nÂ \n¶v 37.2 iXam\ambn amdn Cu hyXymkw tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p.

21


]«nIþ10 ]p\À\nÀ®bw \S¯nb Zmcn{ZtcJ 2004þ05 (¹m\nwKv I½oj³ FIvkvs]À«v {Kq¸v) {]Xn-am-k, {]Xn-hÀj D]-t`màr sNehv (cq-]-bnÂ)

{Kmaw \Kcw

Cý 446.68 578.80

tIcfw 537.31 584.70Source : 2009 Â Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ Zmcn-{Zy-\nÀW-b-¯n-\pÅ amÀK-§Ä ]p\x-]cntim[n-¡m³ \ntbm-Kn¨ hnZ-

Kv² kan-Xn-bpsS dnt¸mÀ«v.

]«nI þ 11 2004-þ05 hÀjs¯ Zmcn{ZtcJ¡v XmsgbpÅ P\kwJy

(]p\À \nÀ®bn¡s¸« \nÀhN\¯nsâ ASnØm\¯nÂ) {]Xn-am-k, {]Xn-ioÀj D]-t`màr sNe-hv(-cq-]-bnÂ)

{Kmaw \Kcw BsI

Cý 41.8 25.7 37.2

tIcfw 20.2 18.4 19.7Source : 2009 Â Bkq-{XW I½o-j³ Zmcn{Zy \nÀW-b-¯n-\pÅ amÀ¤-§Ä ]p\x-]-cn-tim-[n-¡m³ \ntbm-Kn¨ hnZKv² kanXn dnt¸mÀ«v

Cu FIvkvs]À«v {Kq¸v tIcf¯nse Zmcn{ZytcJbpw, P\kwJybpw ]p\À \nÀhNn¡pIbp

|mbn. Cu IW¡v ]«nIþ10 Â tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. 2004þ05 hÀj¯nÂ Zmcn{ZytcJbv¡p XmsgbpÅ BsI

P\kwJy 19.7 iXam\amWv. {KaoWtaJebnÂ CXv 20.2 iXam\amsW¶mWv IW¡m¡nbn«pÅXv.

]p\À \nÀ®bn¡s¸« Zmcn{ZytcJ {]Imcw tIcf¯nse Zmcn{Zy A\p]mXw aäv sXs¡ Cý³

kwØm\§fmb B{Ôm{]tZiv, IÀWmSI, Xangv\mSv (]«nI 12) F¶nhtb¡mÄ XmsgbmWv.

]«nI þ 12 Zmcn{ZytcJ, Zmcn{Zy A\p]mXw 2004þ05 (FIvkvs]À«v {Kq¸v, 2009)

kwØm\w/tI{µ-`-cW

{]tZiw

Zmcn-{Zy-tcJ Poverty Headcount Ratio (%){Kmaw \Kcw {Kmaw \Kcw BsI

B{Ôm-{]tZiv

IÀWm-SIw

tIcfw

Xan-gv\mSv

Cý

433.43417.84537.31441.69446.68

563.16588.06584.70559.77578.80

32.337.520.237.541.8

23.425.918.419.725.7

29.933.419.728.937.2

tIcf¯nse Zmcn{Zy tcJ¡v Xmsg-bpÅ (BPL) IpSpw_§Ä tIcf kÀ¡mÀ kwØm-\s¯ IpSpw_-§sf c|mbn Xncn-¨n-«p-|v. Zmcn{ZytcJbv¡p

XmsgbpÅ BPL `h-\-§fpw Zmcn{Zy tcJ¡v apI-fp-epÅ APL `h-\-§-fpw, 2008 P\p-h-cn-bnÂ kÀ¡mÀ 20.82 e£w e£w _n.-]n.-FÂ tdj³ ImÀUp-IÄ hnX-cWw sNbvXp. Cu IW¡v {]

Imcw kwØm\s¯ 26.99 iX-am\w `h-\-§-fpw _n.-]n.-FÂ `h-\-§-fmWv (]-«n-I-þ13). PnÃ-I-f-Sn-

Øm-\-am¡n t\m¡p-t¼mÄ 20.54 apXÂ 34.5 iX-am-\w-hsc C¯cw h-\-§-fnÂ hy-X-ymkw tcJ-s¸-

Sp-¯n-bn-«p-|v. s]mXp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zmbw hgn Cu `h-\-§-fn-se-Ãmw- Xs¶ k_vknUn \nc-¡nÂ

Acn-bpw, aä-h-i-y-km-[-\-§fpw e`-y-am-¡n-sIm-|n-cn-¡p-¶p.

kwkvYm\ kÀ¡mÀ 2011-þÂ _n.-]n.-FÂ. `h-\-§-fnÂ asämcp kÀtÆ \S-¯p-I-bp-|m-bn.

Cu kÀtÆ {]Imcw 32.29 e£w `h-\-§Ä _n.-]n.-FÂ `h-\-§-fpsS ]«n-I-bnÂ CSw-t\-Sn. 92.46

iX-am\w IW-¡v {]-Imcw _n.-]n.-FÂ `h-\-§Ä Cu kÀtÆ-{]-Imcw tcJ-s¸Sp¯n (]-«nI 4). Nne

PnÃ-I-fnÂ ]Ip-Xn-bn-e-[nIw hcp¶ `h-\-§fpw _n.-]n.-FÂ. enÌn-eÂ DÄs¸-Sp-I-bp-|m-bn. hb-\mSv

PnÃ-bnÂ 57.46 iX-am-\-hpw, CSp¡n PnÃ-bnÂ 55.38 iX-am-\hpw BPL `h-\-§-fm-Wv. km¼-¯nI hnZ-Kv[À Cu _n.-]n.-FÂ kÀtÆ-bnÂ Ah-cpsS hntbmP\¡pdn¸v tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-|v. Ah-cpsS {]

22


[m\ Btcm-]Ww C¯-c-¯n-ep-ff Hcp IW¡v s]cp-¸n-¨p-|m-¡n-b-Xm-sW-¶pw, A\Àl-amb H«-\-h-

[n-bmÄ¡mÀ CXnsâ `mK-amb enÌnÂ DÄs¸-«n-«p-s|¶pw F¶XmWv.

]«nI 13 tIc-f-¯nse _n.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w, P\p-hcn 2008

PnÃF.-]n.-FÂ.

ImÀUv*

_n.-]n.-FÂ.

ImÀUv

BsI tdj³

ImÀUv _n.-]n.-FÂ.

ImÀU

Xncp-h-\´]pcw

sImÃw

]¯-\w-Xn«

Be-¸pg

tIm«bw

CSp¡n

Fd-Wm-Ipfw

XrÈqÀ

]me-¡mSv

ae-¸pdw

tImgn-t¡mSv

hb-\mSv

I®qÀ

ImkÀtKmUv

BsI

57610940903521418133121430685217772255843847645141204744588804194231141013442431522324937928

232518211451869351797791364639293214437322083614546019980217170260142129079712022082674

8086276204863011165109934433152706457028116972875575076456825911251742434733222234347020602

34.0728.7528.8735.1830.7834.3320.5431.6726.0930.9429.0434.5127.2731.86.29.66

* At´ym-Zb A¶-tbm-P\ _n.-]n.-FÂ ImÀUp-I-tfm-sSm¸w hI-bn-cp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.Ah-ew_w: km¼-¯nI hIp-¸v, 2009

Table - 14 tIc-f-¯nse _n.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-§-fpsS F®w, P\p-hcn 2011

PnÃ _n.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-§Ä

(e-£-¯nÂ)

(P\p-h-cn)

_n.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-

§Ä iX-am-\-¯nÂ (-Hcp skânÂ)

Xncp-h-\´]pcw

sImÃw

]¯-\w-Xn«

Be-¸pg

tIm«bw

CSp¡n

Fd-Wm-Ipfw

XrÈqÀ

]me-¡mSv

ae-¸pdw

tImgn-t¡mSv

hb-\mSv

I®qÀ

ImkÀtKmUv

_n.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-§Ä F.-]n.-FÂ. IpSpw-_-§Ä

3.993.101.142.561.931.532.622.943.022.922.551.071.821.1132.2943.83

47.3046.0836.5048.5741.4355.3834.2339.9348.7738.6538.7357.4634.0942.6442.4157.58

BsI IpSpw-_-§Ä 76.12 100.00Ah-ew_w: amXr-`qan \yqkv t]¸À, P\p-hcn 29, 2011

c|p-Xcw FÌn-ta-ämWv Zmcn-{Z-y-tc-J¡v XmsgbpÅ P\-hn-`m-h-§-sf¡pdn¨v kwØm-\-¯p-Å-Xv.

c|p-Xcw FÌn-ta-ämWv Zmcn-{Z-y-tc-J¡v XmsgbpÅ P\-hn-`m-h-§-sf¡pdn¨v kwØm-\-¯p-Å-Xv.

23


24


R§-fpsS {]tNm-Z\w

25


A≤ymbw 2

s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w tIc-f-¯nse Nn{Xw

26


s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\wtIc-f-¯nse Nn{Xw

s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w tIcf¯nse ØnXn

s]mXp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ (PDS) cmP-y-¯m-sI-bp-ff-XnÂh¨v kpi-à-hpw, kpXm- c-y-hp-ambn \S¯s¸Sp¶ H¶mWv tIc-f-¯nse s]mXp-hn-X-cW irwJ-e. 1997se SmÀPäv k{¼Zm-

b-¯nsâ BhnÀ`m-h-¯n-\p-ap³]v tIcfw Cu cwKs¯ amXrIbmbncp¶p. CXc kwkvYm-\-§sf

At]£n¨v s]mXp-hn-X-cW irwJebneqsS \mSnsâ \m\m taJeIsfbpw _Ô-s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ

GI kwØm\amWv tIcfw 90 iX-am-\-t¯mfw hcp¶ `h-\-§fpw Cu irwJ-e-bpsS Iogn-em-bn-

«p-|v. FÃm P\-hn-`m-K-§Ä¡pw tdj³ ImÀUp-|m-bncp¶p. ]n.-Un.-F-kv. hgn `£-W-[m-\-y-§Ä

hm§p-¶-Xnsâ Afhv CXc kwkvYm-\-§-tf-¡mÄ tIcf¯nÂ IqSp-X-em-bn-cp¶p. 1989 Â \S-¯nb

Hcp ]T-\-¯nÂ {]Xn-hÀjw ]n.-Un.-F-kv. hgn Hcp hyàn¡v {]XnioÀjw hnX-cWw sNbvX `£-y-[m-

\-y-§-fpsS Afhv C\n ]dbpw {]Imcambncp¶p. lcn-bm\ 5 Intem-{Kmw, D¯À{]-tZiv 6 Intem{Kmw

_olmÀ 8 In.{Kmw, a²-y-{]-tZ-iv 9 In.{Kmw, ]Ýn-a-_w-KmÄ 23 , tIcfw 52 Intem{Kmw 1991 Â Acn-bpw, tKmX¼pw ]nUn-Fkv Hu«-e-än-eqsS Hcp hyàn hm§n-bXv 69.6 In.{Kmw.

C´-y³ Iu¬knÂ Hm^v saUn-¡Â dnkÀ¨v \nÀt±-i-{]-Imcw Hcp hy-àn¡v {]Xn-Zn\w

Bh-i-y-ambn hcp¶ 370{Kmw [m\y§Ä s]m-Xp-hn-X-cW irwJe hgn-bmWv hnX-cWw sNt¿-|-Xv.

Hcp hy-àn¡v {]Xn-amkw A\phZn¨ `£-W-[m-\-y-§-fpsS Afhv 13.8 In.{Kmw (7460 {Kmw {]Xn-Zn-\w)

Bbncp¶p. cmP-y-¯msI \S-¯nb D]-t`màr kÀtÆ-bnÂ, s]mXp-hn-X-cW irwJ-e-sb hnP-b-¯n-

te¡v \bn¨ {][m\s¸« LSIamb s]mXp-hn-X-cW tI{µ-§-fpw aäpw \Ã co-Xn-bnÂ \S¶v hcp-¶Xv

tIc-f-¯n-emWv F¶v Is|-¯p-I-bp-|m-bn. 2000 t]À¡v Hcp \ym-b-hne tI{µ-sa-¶ tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ

am\ZÞw tIc-fs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v hÀj-§Ä¡v ap³t] \nd-th-änb e£y-am-Wv. XnI-¨pw {Kmao-W-

amb taJ-e-bnÂ t]mepw Hcp hy-àn¡v C¯cw \ym-b-hne tI-{µ-§-fn-se-¯-W-sa-¦nÂ 2 Intem-ao-ä-

dnÂ IqSp-XÂ \S-t¡|n hcp-¶n-Ã. ̀ £-y-[m-\y DXv]m-Z\w tIc-f-¯n-Â bYmÀ° Bh-i-yI-Xbv¡pw

Xmtg¡v Iq¸p-Ip-¯p-I-bm-Wv. 38,885 NXpc{i In.ao. hnkvXrXnbpÅ kwkvYm-\-s¯ Irjn-bn-S-§-fnÂ

s\Ãp-ev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv BsI IrjnØe¯nsâ shdpw 25% apXÂ 30% hsc-bp-ff ImÀjnI `qan-bn-

em-Wv. {]Xn-hÀjw kwkvYm-\¯v DXv]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv 6 anÃ-y¬ S¬ AcnbmWv. `£-ym-h-i-y-¯nsâ

tIhew 15% am{X-amWv kwkvYm-\¯v Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. _m¡n th|n-h-cp¶ `£y[m\y§Ä

Xan-gv\m-Sv, B{Ôm-{]-tZ-iv, IÀWm-SI F¶o kwkvYm-\-§-fn-Â \n¶m-Wv F¯n¡p¶Xv. kwkvYm-\

s¯ Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀP\ {]{Io-b-bnÂ s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\w -kp-i-à-amb Hcm-bp-[-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. IW-¡p-IÄ kqNn-¸n-¡p¶Xv kwkvYm-\s¯ Zmcn-{Z-ym-hØ \nc¡v AJnte´ym

icmicnsb¡mÄ Xmsg-bm-Wv F¶XmWv.

27


{KmaoW Zmcn-{Zy A\p-]m-X-¯nsâ amä-§Ä : tIcf , Cý

taÂ kqNn-¸n¨ IW-¡p-IÄ tIcf kw-Øm-\-¯nâ kpi-à-hpw, hnP-b-I-c-hp-amb kmaq-

ly kpc£m ]²-Xn-I-fmb s]mXp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zm-bw, hnhn[ t£a s]³j-\p-IÄ, k¼qÀ®

km£-cX \nc-¡v, inip-a-cW \nc-¡nse Ipd-hv, BbpÀssZÀL-yw, hntI-{µo-IrX Bkq-{X-Ww,

]«nWn XpS¨v \o¡p-¶-Xn\v th|n IpSpw-_{io ]²XnbneqsS \S-¯p¶ P\Iob ]¦m-fn¯ {]

hÀ¯-\-§Ä F¶n-hbpsS-sbms¡ hnPbs¯bmWv ImWn-¡p-¶Xv. CXn-\p-]p-dta tI{µ-k-lm-b-

t¯msS ]«nWn \nÀ½mÀÖ\¯n\mbpÅ hnhn-[-]-²-Xn-Ifpw kwØm-\¯v \S-¡p-¶p.

{Ia.\w

Cý tIcfw

* hyàn-I-fpsS F®w (e-£-

¯nÂ)

* hyàn-I-fpsS F®w

*hyàn-I-fpsS F®w (e-£-¯nÂ)

hyàn-IÄ iX-

am-\-¯nÂ

1 2 3 4 51973-74 2612.90 56.44 111.36 59.191983-84 2519.57 45.65 81.62 39.3

1993-94 2440.31 37.27 55.95 25.762004-05 2209.24 28.30 32.43 13.20

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

01973.74 1983-84 1993-94 2004-05

Series 1

Series 2

X-axis: Reference Year

Y-axis: Rural Poverty Ratio

Sn.-]n.-Un.-F-kv.

cmP-y-¯m-I-am\w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-t]m-se, s]mXphnXcW k{¼-Zmbw 1997 Pq¬ 1 apXÂ

Sn.-]n.-Un.-F-kv. k{¼-Zm-b-¯n-te¡v amdn. Cu k{¼-Zm-b-¯n-eqsS IpSpw-_-§sf Zmcn-{Z-y-tc-J¡v apI-

fnÂ (APL) Zmcn-{Z-y-tc-J¡v Xmsg (BPL) Zcn-{Z-cnÂ Zcn-{Z-cmb Zmcn-{Z-y-tc-J¡v Xmsg \nÂ¡p-¶-hÀ AtýmZb A¶-tbm-P\ (AAY) F¶n§s\ ]²XnIÄ¡p IognÂ aq¶mbn Xcw-Xn-cn-¨p. Cu

28


aq¶v hn`m-K-¡mÀ¡pw {]tX-yI tdj³ImÀUp-IÄ þF-]nFÂþ \oe, _n.-]n.-FÂ þ ]n¦v þ FF-sshþ

(]n¦v)\ÂIn. Kh¬saâ v \nÝ-bn¨ {]Im-c-ap-ff hne-bnÂ `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä ChÀ¡v hnX-cWw

sNbvXp XpS-§n. 2011-þse kwØm\ F¡-tWm-anIv dnh-yq-hnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ tIc-f-¯nse

76,28,656 ImÀUp-S-a-I-fnÂ 55,71,568 `h-\-§Ä F.]n.F-epw, 14,61,988 `h-\-§Ä _n.-]n-.Fepw 5,95,100

`h-\-§Ä FFssh ]²-Xn-bnepw DÄs¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. _n.-]n.-FÂ hn`m-K-¯n\v {]Xn-amkw 25

Intem{Kmw `£-y-[m-\-y-§fpw, FFssh hn`m-K-¯n\v 35 Intem{Kmw [m\-y-§fpw tI{µ-kÀ¡mÀ

hnln-X-ambn A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|v. 2011 BKÌv hsc tIc-f-¯nse s]mXp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zmbw hgn 1,11,410

Fw.Sn. tKmX¼pw 8,29,682 FwSn Acnbpw hnX-cWw sNbvXn-«p-|v.

tIc-f-¯nse s]mXp-hn-X-cW kwhn-[m\w- cq]-tcJ 2006-07 to 2010-11

C\w bqWnäv 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

1

tdj³ ImÀUp-IfpsSbpw

s]Àan-äp-IfpsSbpw F®w

a) IpSpw-_-§Ä¡pÅ tdj³ ImÀUp-IÄ G{]nÂ

1 hsc-bpÅ IW¡v

No 6986017 7025638 7034886 6835945 7340488

b) Øm]-\-§Ä¡pÅ tdj³ s]Àanäv G{]nÂ 1

hsc-bpÅ IW¡v " 14101 13330 10952 8709 7603

2F^v.-kn.-sF. kºv Unt¸m-

I-fpsS F®w G{]nÂ 1

hsc" 20 20 22 22 22

3

sam¯-hym-]mc hym]mc

Øm]-\-§fpsS F®w

G{]nÂ 1 hsc

a) kl-I-cWw " 34 36 35 25 36

b) k]vssftIm " 10 10

c) aäp-Åh " 302 302 301 300

d) BsI sam¯-hym-]m-c-Øm-]-\-§Ä " 336 338 336` 335 334

4

5

NnÃ-d-hym-]mc Øm]-\-§-

fpsS F®w G{]nÂ 1 hsc

a) kl-I-cWw" 509 472 425 423 419

b) aäp-Åh " 13702 13776 13819 13833

c) BsI NnÃd hym]mc Øm]-\-§Ä " 14211 14248 14244 14239 14252

A\p-h-Zn-¨ ]©-kmc MT 56050 57236 49236 49338 49362

6 as®® KL 277966 277968 277968 277944 225096

29


30


R§-fpsS {]Xn-Úm-_-ÔX

31


A≤ymbw 3

s-]m-Xp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zmbw - `c-W-\nÀÆlW N«¡qSv

32


s-]m-Xp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zmbw `c-W-\nÀÆ-lW -N«¡qSv

I½o-j-WÀ Hm^v knhnÂ k]vssf-kmWv `£-y-s]m-Xp-hn-X-cW D]-t`m-àr-Im-cy hIp¸nsâ

Xe-h³. Ub-d-IvSÀ hIp¸nsâ ssZ\w-Zn\ {]hÀ¯-\-§-Ä¡v taÂt\m«w hln-¡p-¶p. 1955 apXÂ

1974 hsc Cu Un¸mÀ-«vsaâ v dh-\yq Un¸mÀ«vsaânsâ `mK-am-bn-cp-¶p. 1975 apXÂ 1992 hsc t_mÀUv

Hm^v dh-\-yq-hntâbpw `mKambncp¶p s]mXphnXcW hIp¸v 18-þ05-þ1992 apXÂ `£-y-s]m-Xp-hn-X-c-W,

D]-t`m-àr-Im-cy hIp v̧ kwkvYm-\s¯ Hcp kz-X{´ hIp¸mbn {]hÀ¯\w Bcw`n-̈ p. Un¸mÀ«vsaânsâ

`c-W-tI-{µ-̄ nÂ Xmsg-̧ -d-bp¶ DtZ-ym-K-ØÀ Ub-d-IvSÀ Hm v̂ knhnÂkss¹kns\ klm-bn-¡p-¶p.

1. I¬t{Sm-fÀ Hm^v tdj-\nwKv

2. No^v A¡u|vkv Hmô-kÀ

3. hnPn-e³kv

4. ^n\m³kv Hmô-kÀ

5. Akn-Ìâ v sk{I-«-dn-amÀ-þ-aq-¶p-t]À

6. A¡u|vkv Hmô-kÀ

7. tem Hmô-kÀ

8. Ìmän-Ìn-¡Â Hmô-kÀ

Sn]nUn Fknsâ (TDPS...) Ah-X-c-W-t¯msS `£-y-[m-\-y-§-fpsS hnlnXhpw hnebpw \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶Xv tI{µ-kÀ¡m-cm-Wv. \ne-hnse hnX-c-W, hne-kq-Nn-I, kwØm\ kÀ¡m-cnsâ

k_vknUn DÄs¸sS Xmsg sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. (06-þ04-þ2013 hsc)

Acn F.-]n.-FÂ. *6 kg {]Xn-amkw 8.90 8.90Acn _n.-]n.-FÂ. *25kg/amkw 6.20 1.00Acn F.-F.-ssh. 35 kg/amkw 3.00 1.00Acn A¶-]qÀ® 10 kg/ amkw kuP\yw kuP\ywtKmX¼v F.-]n.-FÂ. *1kg/amkw 6.70 6.70tKmX¼v _n.-]n.-FÂ. *5 kg/amkw 4.70 2.00

]©-kmc _n.-]n.-FÂ./F.-F.-ssh. 400Gm/{]Xn-ioÀjw/{]Xn-amkw

13.50 13.50

Acn F.-]n.-FÂ.(k_vknUn) 6 Kg/amkw 8.90 2.00

tKmX¼v_n.-]n.-FÂ.(k_vkn Un) 1 Kg/amkw 6.70 2.00

k]vssftIm t^mÀ«n-

ssÛv

F.-]n.-FÂ./_n.-]n.-FÂ./F.-F.-ssh. 2 kg/amkw 6.70 12.00

as®®

sshZyp-Xo-I-cn¨ hoSp-

IÄ1 Ltrs/ amkw 16.50 to 17.00 16.50 to 17.00

sshZyp-Xo-I-cn-¡m¯

hoSp-IÄ4 Ltrs/ amkw 16.50 to 17.00 16.50 to 17.00

* The ideal scale of allocation indicated per month

33


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p-I-fps

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114

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1

140

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0054

5041

5337

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2890

775

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3TV

MC

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935

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1030

141

1104

198

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116

4937

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815

9034

5035

839

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110

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218

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10

534

3880

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152

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2496

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118

1620

317

KLM

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33

421

3000

4250

5237

618

680

1297

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2532

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Kar

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1025

117

8024

5027

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8460

6127

217

183

1139

319

KLM

Kun

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3

130

610

930

1261

338

3626

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5256

210

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217

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2033

724

1124

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270

2609

315

5334

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926

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269

525

790

9384

6281

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1206

5212

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18

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1830

1376

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206

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625

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171

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1377

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411

875

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3312

184

4345

2746

252

3549

226

19A

LPA

mba

lapu

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1

201

2150

2000

2480

780

4664

718

1859

511

6166

20A

LPM

avel

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ra

622

712

6015

3021

165

7279

4341

419

719

9157

721

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926

517

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9362

5833

315

579

1100

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146

720

960

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440

1323

093

1551

454

964

23K

TMK

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18

292

2470

2830

3081

010

784

6659

047

422

1556

0624

KTM

Mee

nach

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921

119

6019

3217

672

7549

3703

633

462

9571

925

KTM

Cha

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y

716

814

7014

6015

593

5560

4085

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199

9020

926

KTM

Vaik

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818

213

7015

7916

814

6620

3626

215

111

7480

727

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Kan

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4

138

810

1010

1434

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5034

063

1982

872

481

28ID

KTh

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16

193

1060

1733

1527

283

2744

043

1501

982

661

29ID

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dum

banc

hola

5

258

900

1943

2564

910

594

4630

721

942

1044

9230

IDK

Peer

umed

3

129

1010

1074

1139

851

4828

443

6316

5130

531

IDK

Dev

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am

311

750

088

376

7479

5321

334

7843

4480

432

EKM

CR

O-E

KM

22

9233

090

030

0625

0627

116

3917

271

800

33EK

MC

RO

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hi

211

445

084

044

5118

2036

615

2545

268

338

34EK

MTS

O-K

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3

8954

010

1012

425

3731

3470

592

5560

116

34


35EK

MK

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3

167

1140

1660

1057

556

3258

704

4167

211

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5

202

1010

1480

1549

757

4467

435

2642

511

5101

37EK

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5

161

1020

1480

1615

555

2363

813

1909

610

4587

38EK

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523

110

5511

6016

688

6288

6574

026

916

1156

3239

EKM

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ham

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lam

3

122

540

650

9789

3560

3210

515

058

6051

240

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Moo

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716

291

010

4012

386

4362

3981

527

733

8429

641

TSR

Muk

unda

pura

m2

1135

941

3044

5147

970

1614

411

2130

4211

821

8362

42TS

RK

odun

gallu

r

212

980

013

5020

398

5667

4059

814

958

8162

143

TSR

Cha

vakk

ad

418

418

8320

5027

566

8182

4751

828

401

1116

6744

TSR

Thris

sur

3

301

1350

4000

3943

316

285

9733

765

441

2184

9645

TSR

Thal

appi

lly

323

212

8030

8032

622

1069

873

100

3708

315

3503

46PK

DPa

lakk

ad1

416

914

4023

3016

042

6978

7814

748

341

1495

0847

PKD

Chi

ttur

3

162

1100

1596

1116

782

4455

001

3269

710

7109

48PK

DO

ttapp

alam

5

281

3000

3350

3907

410

611

1101

7044

324

2041

7949

PKD

Man

arka

d

314

911

0018

0012

078

1604

350

533

1587

294

526

50PK

DA

lath

ur

416

713

0019

5016

820

5292

5734

827

674

1071

3451

MPM

Tiru

r2

426

514

9029

1030

205

1091

696

650

3538

117

3152

52M

PMPe

rinth

alm

anna

4

172

1230

1230

2137

975

4965

685

2691

912

1532

53M

PMTh

irura

ngad

i

517

413

2021

0022

795

8425

8017

420

709

1321

0354

MPM

Erna

d

527

320

5020

5031

789

1154

195

383

4038

717

9100

55M

PMPo

nnan

i

312

813

5013

4016

165

5479

4222

915

610

7948

356

MPM

Nila

mbu

r

321

819

0017

0019

661

1017

670

244

2912

412

9205

57K

KD

CR

O-N

orth

21

7517

5025

0047

6525

4531

850

1856

357

723

58K

KD

CR

O-S

outh

1

700

2000

3667

1154

2499

019

022

4883

359

KK

DTS

O K

KD

3

341

1100

1450

5225

016

861

1449

2154

782

2688

1460

KK

DK

oyila

ndi

5

277

1650

3000

3670

611

141

1089

6913

970

1707

8661

KK

DVa

daka

ra

421

492

026

0031

852

1049

987

183

2574

915

5283

62W

YD

Vyth

iri1

293

650

1114

1014

011

325

3100

210

601

6306

863

WY

DB

athe

ri

211

856

090

011

213

1586

435

064

1266

374

804

64W

YD

Man

anth

avad

i

210

070

013

4095

5113

891

2816

097

7761

379

65K

NR

Kan

nur

24

231

1160

2493

2306

085

4596

378

3443

616

2419

66K

NR

Thal

asse

ry

935

314

6034

0531

717

1639

912

2505

4456

621

5187

67K

NR

Thal

iara

mbu

7

273

1260

1260

3364

110

907

8854

346

556

1796

4768

KSD

Kas

arag

od1

517

580

019

8020

803

1079

364

016

3281

712

8429

69K

SDH

osdu

rg

621

413

7024

2025

833

1013

074

471

2978

814

0222

23

329

1430

592

996

1312

9714

5856

159

1136

4216

643

1778

225

8044

565

35


Acn/tKmX¼v F¶n-h- tI{µ kÀ¡m-cnsâ tiJc¯nÂ \n¶v ^pUv tImÀ¸-td-j³ Hm^v

Cý hgn kwØm\¯n\p e`yam¡p¶p. C¯-c-¯nÂ FSp-¡p¶ [m\-y-§-fp-sSbpw AXv hnX-cWw

sN¿p-¶-Xntâbpw A]m-I-X-IÄ ho-£n-¡m³ PnÃm, Xmeq¡v Xe A[n-Im-cn-IÄ D|v.

Bh-i-y-amb as®®bpw tI{µ-kÀ¡mÀ F®-I-¼-\n-I-fp-ambn tNÀ¶v hnX-c-W-¯n-s\-

¯n-¡p-¶p. s]mXphnXcW kwhn[m\¯neqsS hnXcWw \St¯| ]©kmc tIcf kwØm\

knhn-Â-kss¹kv tImÀ¸-td-j-\n-eqsS F¯p-¶p. CXnsâsbms¡ KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf Xncp-am-\n-

¡p-¶Xv Xt±-i-kzbw`cW Øm]\§fmWv. tI{µ-kÀ¡m-cnsâ \nÀt±iw A\pkcn¨mWv Xt±i

Øm]\§Ä¡v C¡mcy¯nÂ {]mapJyw \ÂInbncn¡p¶Xv. D]-t`màr D¶--a-\-hpw, ]«n-Wn-c-lnX

C´-y-bp-amWv Sn]nUn Fknâ e£yw.

taJemXe¯nÂ 2 sU]-yq«n IW-t{Sm-tfgvkv Hm^v tdj-\nwKv D|v. taJem Xe-Øm-\-

§Ä sImÃ-hpw, tImgn-t¡m-Sp-am-Wv. 14 PnÃ-I-fn-tebpw {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä \nb-{ń-¡p-¶Xv AXmXv

PnÃm kss¹ HmôkÀamcmWvv. Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cw, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, tImgn-t¡mSv F¶o sat{Sm \

Kc§fnÂ c|v hoXw knän tdj-\nwKv HmôkÀamcp|v. BsI 63 Xmeq¡v kss¹ HmôkÀamcpw,

6 knän tdj-\nwKv HmôkÀamcpw, Xmeq¡v \ne-hm-c-¯n-ep-|m-Ipw Xmeq¡v kss¹ HmôkpIfpsS

{]hÀ¯\¯nÂ Akn-Ìâ v Xmeq¡v kss¹ Hmô-kÀamÀ Xmeq¡v kss¹ Hmô-ksd klm-bn-¡p-

¶p. F.Sn.F-kv.H. XkvXnI \nÝ-bn-¡p¶Xv Nne am\-Z-Þ-§-f-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bm-Wv.

1. 250 Â Xmsg \ym-b-hne tI{µ-§-fp-ff Xmeq¡v þ 1 XkvXnI

2. 250 Â taÂ \ym-b-hne tI{µ-§-fp-ff Xmeq¡v þ 2 XkvXn-I-IÄ

3. knän tdj-\nwKv Hmôkv þ 1 XkvXnI

tIcf tdj³ Uote-gvkv shÂs^-bÀ ^|v, kwØm-\s¯ tdj³ Uote-gvknsâ D¶-

a-\-¯n-\mbn {i² tI-{µo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-|p-Å H¶m-Wv. CXnsâ sNbÀt]-gvk¬ I½o-j-WÀ Hm^v

knhnÂkss¹kmbn-cn-¡pw. sk{I-«-dn, No^v FIvkn-I-yq-«o-hpw sU]-yq«n I¬t{Sm-fÀ Hm^v tdj

-\nwKv XkvXn-I-bnÂ Dff Hcp-tZ-ym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.

`£y knhnÂ kss¹kv a{ń

sk{I«dn, `£y knhnÂ kss¹kv

I½ojWÀ `£y knhnÂ kss¹kv

UbdIvSÀ, knhnÂ kss¹kv

tdj\nwKv I¬t{SmfÀ

No v̂ A¡u|vkv HmôkÀ (^n\m³kv Un¸mÀ«psaâ v)

^n\m³kv HmôkÀ ( n̂\m³kv Uņ mÀ«psaâ v)

A¡u|v HmôkÀ

ÌmänÌnIvkv HmôkÀ

hnPne³kv HmôkÀ

AknÌâ v sk{I«dn(3 t]mÌv)

\nba HmôkÀ

sU]yq«n I¬t{SmfÀ Hm^v tdj\nwKv (sImÃw, tkm¬) (tImgnt¡mSv tkm¬) sk{I«dn,

No^v FIvknIyq«ohv KRDWD

PnÃm kss¹ HmôkÀ(14 PnÃIfnepw Hmtcm¶v

hoXw)

Xmeq¡v kss¹ HmôkÀ (63 t]mÌ v Hmtcm Xmeq¡nepw H¶phoXw) knän tdj\nwKv HmôkÀ (2F®w hoXw Xncph\´]pcw, sIm¨n, tImgnt¡mSv)

36


I½o-j-W-td-änse hnhn[ hn`mK-§Ä

hn`m-K-§-fpsS t]cv hnj-b-§Ä

F tdj-\nwKv

_n AUvan-\n-kvt{S-j³

kn A¨-S-¡-I-½nän

Un hnhn[ I½-än-I-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸«

t]¸-dp-I-fpw, hnh-cm-h-Imi \nb-ahpw

C hmäv

F^v CtâWÂ BUnäv ^bep-IÄ

Pn A¡u|v doI¬knentbj³

F¨v _UvPäv Imcy§Ä, F.Pn.Isf

BUnäv dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ, ^|v

A\phZn¡Â XpS§nbh

sF _nÃpIÄ X¿mdm¡Â

sP s]³j³, tem¬

Fkv hne\nehmcw, tÌm¡v, hmÀjnI

`cW\nÀÆlW dnt¸mÀ«v

kn F D]t`màrImcyw

DtZ-ym-K-Ø-_ew

knhnÂkss¹ Un¸mÀ«vsaânÂ hnhn-[-hn-`mKw Poh-\-¡m-cpsS (tI-cf tÌäv knhn-Â kss¹kv tImÀ¸-td-j³, tdj³ Uotegvkv shÂs^-bÀ ^||v Poh-\-¡msc Hgn-hm-¡n) ]«nI Xmsg.

tdj-\nwKv I¬t{Sm-fÀ - 01sU]yq«n tdj-\nwKv I¬t{Sm-fÀ - 03PnÃm k]vssf Hmô-kÀ - 18Xmeq¡v k]vssf Hmô-kÀ - 107Akn-Ìâv Xmeq¡v kss¹ Hmô-kÀ - 118s^bÀ tIm¸n kq{]ââ - 1tdj-\nwKv C³kvs]-IvSÀ/slUv A¡u|âv/slUv ¢À¡v - 347bp.Un. ¢À¡v - 331FÂ.-Un. ¢À¡v - 331tIm¬^n-UâÂ Akn-Ìâ - 52ssS¸nÌv - 96AäâÀ - 15ss{UhÀ - 91]yq¬ - 216sF.-F.-F-kv. Im{Un t]mÌv - 2sU]yq-t«-j³ t]mÌv tem Hmô-kÀ - 01^n\m³kv Hmô-kÀ - 01No^v A¡u|vkv Hmô-kÀ - 01Ìmän-Ìn-¡Â Hmô-kÀ - 01BsI - 1734

37


1. tdj-\nwKv \nb-{´-W-hpw, Ah-i-y-km-[-\-§-fpsS hnX-c-Whpw

`£y DÂ¸m-Z-\-¯nÂ ZuÀe-`yw t\cn-Sp¶ tIcf kwkvYm-\-¯nÂ s]mXp-hn-X-cW k-{¼-

Zmb¯n\v AXntâXmb {]m[m-\-y-hpw, {]kàn-bpw D|v. tI{µw A\p-h-Zn¡p¶ ̀ £-y-[m-\-y-hn-ln-X-

§Ä bYm-k-abw Gsä-Sp-¡p-I-bpw, kwkvYm-\s¯ 1400 s]mXp-hn-X-cW tI{µ-§Ähgn KpW-t-`m-àm-

¡Ä¡v F¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI F¶ ]c-a-{]-[m-\-amb {]hÀ¯-\-amWv hIp¸v sNbvXp hcp-¶Xv.

C¯cw hnX-c-W-¯n-se ]mI-¸n-g-I-tf-bpw, Icn-©´ t]mep-ff {]Xn-tema {]-hÀ¯-\-§-tf-bpw XS-

bp-¶-XnÂ hIp¸v {i² sNep-¯p-Ibpw kZm D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-s¸-«ncn-¡p-Ibpw sN¶p.

2. D]-t`màr Imc-y-§Ä

D]-t`màr Ah-t_m[w hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\ pw, Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-§Ä kwc-£n-¡p-¶-

Xn\pw tIcfkÀ¡mÀ Hcp {]tX-yI hn`m-K-¯n-s\-¯s¶ ^pUv Bâ v knhnÂ kss¹kv Bâ v

I¬k-yq-aÀ A^-tbgvkv Un¸m-À«vsaânsâ `mK-ambn cq]w-sIm-Sp-¯n-«p|v. D]t`màrImcy hn`mKw

AUo-j-WÂ sk{I-«-dn-bpsS Iogn-emWv {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. CtXm-sSm¸w Xs¶ Hcp I¬k-yq-aÀ

A^-tbgvkv skÃn\pw I½o-j-W-tdäv Hm^v knhnÂ kss¹knÂ cq]w sImSp-¯n-«p-|v.

s]mXp-hn-X-c-W-k-{¼-Zmbw (PDS)tIc-f-¯nÂ Hcp s]mXp-hn-X-cW k{¼-Zm-bw, tIcf tdj-\nwKv HmÀUÀ, 1966 {]Imcw

\ne-hnÂ hcp-¶Xv 01-þ07-þ1969 emWv. ISp¯ `£y £ma-hpw, DÂ¸m-Z\ {]Xn-kÔnbpw t\cn-Sp¶

tIc-f-s¯-t¸mse Hcp kwkvYm-\¯v s]mXp-hn-X-cW -k-{¼-Zm-b-¯n\v hf-sc-tbsd {]m[m-\-y-hpw,

{]k-àn-bp-ap-|v. kmÀh-{XnI tdj-\nwKv kwhn-[m\w hnP-b-I-c-ambn \S-¸n-em-¡n-b-Xn\v 60 Ifnepw

70 Ifnepw tIcfw Gsd {]iwk ]nSn¨v ]äp-I-bp-|m-bn-«p-|v.

1. tdj³ ImÀUp-IÄ

t^mt«m ]Xn¨ _mÀtIm-Uvk-ln-X-ap-ff tdj³ImÀUp-IÄ D]-t`m-àm-¡Ä¡v 1þ11-þ2009

apXÂ hnX-c-Ww- sNbvXp XpS-§n. Ct¸mÄ 79.71 e£w tdj³ImÀUp-IÄ \nehnep-|v. CXnÂ

14.54 e£w _n.-]n.-FÂ. ImÀUp-I-fpw, 5.92 e£w FFssh ImÀUp-I-fpw, tijn-¡p¶ 59.25 e£w

F]nÂ ImÀUp-I-fp-am-Wv. Zn\w-{]Xn tdj³ImÀUp-IÄ¡p-th|n (Hm¬sse³ DÄs¸-sS) \nc-h[n

At]-£-I-fmWv Xmeq-¡m-^o-kp-I-fnÂ F¯p-¶-Xv. F.]n-.FÂ. ImÀUp-S-a-I-fpsS F®w Zn\w-{]

Xn Gdn-h-cn-I-bp-am-Wv. Xt±-i-Øm-]\-§-fpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯msS kÀ¡mÀ CubnsS _n.]n-.FÂ/

F.F.ssh `h-\-§-fpsS kÀtÆ \S-¯p-I-bp-|m-bn. Cu kÀtÆ-bpsS `mK-ambn X¿m-dm-¡nb ]pXp-

¡nb _n]n-FÂ enÌv kÀ¡mÀ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu enÌvv- {]Imcw kwØm-\¯v 32.29

e£w _n]n-FÂ `h-\-§Ä BWv DÅ-Xv. 2009 se Cu kÀtÆ {]Imcw Hcp _n]n-FÂ ImÀUv A\p-

h-Zn-¡m-\p-ff A[n-Imcw AXmXv PnÃm-I-f-IvSÀam-cnÂ BWv \n£n]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Bh-i-y-amb

At\-z-jWw \S¯n am{Xta C¯-c-¯nÂ ImÀUp-IÄ A\p-h-Zn-¡mhq F¶v \njvIÀj sh¨n-«p-|vv-.

Kh¬saâ v HmÀUÀ (Fw.-F-kv) \w.38/11 ....-Xo-bXn 5þ11-þ2011.

2. Atem-«vsaâ v

tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ tIc-f-¯n\v A\p-h-Zn¨ Acn, tKmX¼v F¶n-h-bpsS Atem-«vsaâ v C{]Im-

c-am-Wv.

38


hn`mKw Acn- (MT) hnÂ¸\ hne/In.{Kmw

tKmX¼v (MT) hnÂ¸\ hne/In.{Kmw

F.-]n.-FÂ. 36056 8.90 & 2.00 117776.70

& 2.00_n.-]n.-FÂ. 26566 1.00 6963 2.00F.-F.-ssh. 20855 1.00 -A¶-]qÀ® 450 (Apr-Sep-12) Free -

tkh\w148.55 (Apr-Sep-12)

98 MT (Oct-12 to Mar-13)6.201.00 63.67 4.70

_n.-]n.-FÂ.

AUvtlm¡v84978 MT of Rice and 34190 MT of wheat @ BPL rates for the period from Jul-12 to Mar-13

F.-]n.-FÂ.

AUvtlm¡v 154588.902.00 5049

6.702.00

2012 Â 11777 sa{Sn-IvS¬ tKmX¼v (5049 ..) F.-]n.-FÂ hn`m-K-¡mÀ¡mbn A\p-h-Zn-¨-XnÂ

4000 sa{Sn-IvS¬ t^mÀ«n-ss^Uv B«-bmbn amäp-¶-Xn-te-¡mbn k]vssf-t¡mbv¡v A\p-h-Zn¨p. CXv

Intem¡v 12 cq] \nc-¡nÂ s]mXp-hn-X-cW tI{µ-§Ä hgn hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶p. FÃm F]n-FÂ

ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡pw {]Xn-amkw 2 Intem{Kmw t^mÀ«n-ss^Uv B« e`n-¡p-hm³ AÀl-X-bp-|v.

3. hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xnsâ `£y-[m\y Afhv

(F) F.-]n.-FÂ.

F.-]n.-FÂ k_vknUn ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡v 9 Intem Acn-bpw, 2 Intem tKmX¼pw e`n-¡m-

\p-ff Ah-Im-i-ap-|v. F¶mÂ, t\m¬-þ-k-_vknUn ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡v CXv 10 Intem Acn-bpw, 3

Intem tKmX-¼p-ambn«mWv \nP-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv. 4... {]Imcw Acn--bpsS e`-yX ImÀUv H-¶n\v

8.7 Intem{Kmw, tKmX-¼v 2.8 Intem-{Kmapw BWv. tKmX¼v kss¹tImbv¡v B«-bm¡n amäp-¶-Xn-

\mbn A\p-h-Zn-¨Xv sIm|v e`-yX 2.1 Intem-{Km-ambn Ipd--ª-n-«p-|v.

(_n) _n.-]n.-FÂ.

FÃm _n]n-FÂ ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡pw Hcp cq] \nc-¡nÂ 25 Intem{Kmw Acn-bpw, 2 cq] \nc-

¡nÂ 8 Intem{Kmw tKmX¼pw hsc e`n-¡m³ AÀl-X-bp-|v.

(kn) F.F.ssh.

FFssh ]²Xn {]Imcw Hcp ISpw-_-¯n\v {]Xn-amkw 35 Intem{Kmw `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä

A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|v. tI{µ-K-h¬saân-t\mSv IqSp-XÂ `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä FFssh kvIow {]Imcw

kwØm-\-¯n\v A\p-h-Zn-¡m³ ip]mÀi sNbvXn-«p-|v. FÃm ZpÀ_e BZn-hmkn hn`m-K-§-tfbpw

Cu kvIoansâ ]cn-[n-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp-¯m³th|nbmWv Cu kvIoan-\p-Io-gnÂ IqSp-XÂ `£y-[m\y

hnln-X-¯n\v At]£ \ÂIn-bn-«p-Å-Xv.

(Un) A¶-]qÀ®

A¶-]qÀ® ]²-Xn-{]-Imcw Acn-e-`-yX 450 sa{Sn-Iv S-®m-Wv. (H-IvtSm-_À 12 apXÂ amÀ¨v

14 hsc ]pXnb Atem-«vsasâm¶pw A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«n-Ã). Hcp amkw kuP-\y-ambn 10 Intem{Kmw hsc

`£y-[m\yw Cu ]²-Xn-bn-epÄs¸-Sp¯n A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|v. A¶-]qÀ® kvIoanse D]-t`m-àm-

¡-fpsS F®-¯nse Ipdhv \nan¯w CXn-\mbn A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸« Hcp henb iX-am\w Acn-bpsS

tÌm¡v Xmeq¡v Xe-¯nÂ D|v. A¶-]q-À® ]²-Xn-{]-Imcw 44,980 t]À¡p-ff Acn A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|.v

F¶mÂ, Ct¸m-gs¯ Ah-Ø-bnÂ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS F®w 32,152 t]À am{X-am-Wv. Cu ]²-Xn-

39


bpsS hnP-b-I-c-amb \S-¯n-¸n\v hnLmXw krjvSn-¡p-¶Xv KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS F®-¡p-dhmWv.

tI{µ-kÀ¡m-cnsâ \nÀt±-i-{]-Imcw GsX-¦nepw Xc-¯n-ep-ff s]³j³ e`n-¡m¯ Bfp-I-fmWv Cu

]²-Xn¡v AÀlÀ. tIc-f-¯nÂ FÃm P\-hn-`m-K-§fpw GsX-¦nepw Hcp s]³j³ kvInansâ ]cn-[n-

bnÂ hcp-¶-h-cm-Wv. Cu am\-Z-WvU-¯nÂ Abhv hcp-¯n-bmÂ Ipsd-b-[nIw AÀl-cmb BÄ¡m-sc-

IqSn Cu ]²-Xn-bpsS IngnÂ sIm|p-h-cm³ Ign-bp-¶-Xm-Wv.

(C) shÂs^-bÀ Øm]--\-§Ä

Cu ]²-Xn-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp¯n Acn-bpw, tKmX¼pw _n]n-FÂ \nc-¡nÂ shÂs^-bÀ Øm]-

\-§-fmb A\m-Ym-e-b-§Ä, AKXn aµn-c-§Ä XpS-§nbhbv¡v A\p-h-Zn¨v sImSp-¯n-«p-|v. C¯cw

Kh-. AwKo-IrX Øm]-\-§-fnse At´-hm-kn-IÄ¡v Hcp cq]-\n-c-¡nÂ 7 Intem Acn-¡pw, 4.70 cq]

\nc-¡nÂ 3 Intem{Kmw tKmX-¼n\pw, 13.50 cq] \nc-¡nÂ 400 {Kmw ]©-k-m-c-bv¡pw AÀlXbp|v.

G{]nÂ 2012 apXÂ sk]väw-_À 2012 hsc-bp-ff Ime-b-f-hn-Â 148.55 sa{Sn-IvS¬ Acn-bpw, 63.67 sa{Sn-

IvS¬ tKmX-¼pw Cu ]²-Xn-bn-³ IognÂ {]Xn-amkw A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|v. HIvtSm-_À 2012 apXÂ A\p-

h-Zn¨ Acn-bpsS Afhv 98 sa{SnIv S®m-®v.

(F-^v) hb-\m-Sv, ]me-¡mSv PnÃ-IÄ¡pÅ {]tX-yI hnlnXw

tI{µ-kÀ¡mÀ, tIc-f-¯nse Zcn{Z -Pn-Ã-I-fm-b, hb-\m-Sn\pw ]me-¡m-Sn-\p-ambn sk]väw-_À

2011 apXÂ \hw-_À 2011 hsc-bp-ff Ime-b-f-hnÂ {]tX-y-I-ambn 393 sa{Sn-IvS¬ Acn-bpw, 62 sa{S-n-

IvS¬ tKmX¼pw A\p-h-Zn-¨p. _n]n-FÂ \nc-¡nÂ A\p-h-Zn¨ Cu {]tX-yI Atem-«vsaân\v Cu PnÃ-

I-fnse _n]n-FÂ enÌn-\-\p-kr-X-ambn ̀ £-y-[m-\-y-§Ä e`n-¡m¯ ]mh-s¸« ̀ h-\-§-fmWv AÀlÀ.

CXn-\p-ti-jw 1809 sa{Sn-IvS¬ Acn-bpw, 474 sa{Sn-IvS¬ tKmX¼pw _n]n-FÂ `h-\-§Ä¡pw, 1420

sa{Sn-IvS¬ Acn FFssh `h-\-§Ä¡pambn Cu ]²-Xn-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp¯n A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-|v.

4. A\p-h-Zn¨ `£-y-[m-\-y-§-fpsS hne-hn-hc IW¡v

Rate of issue of foodgrains

hn`mKw ImÀUp-I-fpsS F®w {]Xn-amk hnlnXw hne/Intem-{Km-anÂ

F.-]n.-FÂ. Acn16.81 lakhs42.23 lakhs

10 Kg09 Kg

` 8.90` 2

F.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX¼v 16.81 lakhs42.23 lakhs3 Kg2 Kg

` 6.70` 2

_n.-]n.-FÂ. Acn 14.56 lakhs 25 Kg ` 1_n.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX¼v 14.56 lakhs 8 Kg ` 2F.-F.-ssh. Acn 5.92 lakhs 35 Kg ` 1

as®® 1/2 L to E Cards 4 L to NE Cards ` 15.50-16.00

sehn ]©-kmc 20.39 lakh 400 g per member of AAY/BPL cards ` 13.50

t^mÀ«n-ss^Uv B« 2 Kg to APL ` 12

5. `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä, k_vknUn \nc-¡nÂ

kwkvYm\ kÀ¡mÀ ]e-hn-`m-K-§Ä¡mbn tKmX-¼n-\pw, Acn¡pw A\p-h-Zn¨ k_vknUn

\nc¡v (]«nI Nph-sS).

40


kwØm\ Kh¬saâv \ÂIp¶ Acn-bp-sSbpw tKmX-¼n-sâbpw k_vknUn hnhcw

{Ia.-

\w.C\w

bYmÀ°-hne/

In.{Kmw

hnÂ¸\ hne/

In.{Kmw

k_vknUn

hne/In.{Kmw

1 F.-]n.-FÂ. Acn-þ-k-_vkn-Un-bn-Ãm-¯Xv 8.90 8.90 0.002 F.-]n.-FÂ. Acn-þ-k_vkn-Un-bp-ÅXv 8.90 2.00 6.903 F.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX-¼vþ k_vkn-Un- C-Ãm-̄ Xv 6.70 6.70 0.004 F.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX-¼v-þ-k-_vkn-Un-bp-ÅXv 6.70 2.00 4.705 _n.-]n.-FÂ. Acn 6.20 1.00 5.206 _n.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX¼v 4.70 2.00 2.707 F.-F.-ssh.-Acn 3.00 1.00 2.008 A¶-]qÀ® Acn {^o {^o

tIc-f-¯nÂ kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ c|v cq] \nc-¡nÂ `£y[m\y§Ä A\p-h-Zn¨Xv 22-þ5-

þ2009 apXÂ¡mWv. FÃm _n]n-FÂ/FFssh ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ, ]«n-I-PmXn/ hÀ¤ hn`m-K-¡m-À, ao³

--]n-Sp-¯-¡mÀ, F]n-FÂ hn`m-K-¯nse B{i-b- `-h-\-§Ä F¶n-h-sc-bmWv BZ-y-L-«-¯nÂ Cu

]²-Xn-bnÂ DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. Cu ]²Xn 25-þ5-þ2010 Â hn]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw, 05-þ01-þ2011 apXÂ FÃm

_n]n-FÂ/FFssh ImÀUp-S-a-Itfbpw, 41 kvs]j-yÂ Imä-KdnbnÂ DÄs¸-Sp¶ F]n-FÂ hn`m-K-

¡m-tcbpw DÄs¸-Sp¶ ]²Xn IqSp-XÂ hn]p-e-am-¡n. XpSÀ¶v 2011 s^{_p-hcn 25 apXÂ c|v cq]

\nc-¡nÂ `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä e`-y-am-Ip¶ Cu ]²Xn Nne hyh-Ø-IÄ¡v hnt[-b-ambn FÃm-h--tc-bpw

DÄs¸-Sp¯n kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ D¯-chv ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¨p. Cu ]²Xn {]Imcw Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ ImÀUv

DS-a-IÄ Cu ]²-Xn-bpsS ]cn-[n-bnÂ hcp-¶n-Ã.

1. 2.5 G¡-dnÂ IqSp-XÂ Øe-ap-ff `h-\-§-Ä.

2. 25,000 cq]tbm AXn-e-[n-Itam hcp-am-\-ap-ff `h-\-§-Ä.

3. 2500 NXp-c{i ASn-bnÂ IqSp-XÂ hnkvXoÀ®-apÅ `h-\-§-fpsS DS-a-IÄ.

kwØm\ k_vknUn ho|pw hÀ²n-¸n¨v Hcp cq]m \nc-¡nÂ Acn e`-y-am-Ip¶ ]²Xn Bcw-

`n-¨Xv 2011 sk]väw-_À apXÂ¡m-Wv. FÃm _n]n-FÂ ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡pw {]Xn-amkw Hcp cq]m\| nc-

¡nÂ 25 Intem{Kmw Acn Cu ]²-Xn-bn-eqsS e`n-¡pw. FFssh ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡v AXv 35 Intem{Kmw

BWv. kÀ¡mÀ AwKo-IrX A\mY aµn-c-§Ä¡pw Cu ]²-Xn-bpsS B\p-Iq-eyw e`n-¡pw.

6. Atem-«vsaâ v `£-y-[m-\-y-§-fpsS Atem-«vsaâ v Ah-i-y-IX ZuÀe-`yw

hnhn[ ]²-Xn-IÄ¡p IognÂ tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ A\p-h-Zn¨ `£-y-[m-\-y hnln-Xhpw, Ahi-y-I-

X-bpw, Ipdhpw ]«n-I-bmbn NphsS.

ImÀUp-IÄ hnlnXw Bh-iy-am-bXv A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-ÅXv

I½n

F.-]n.-FÂ. Acn 5925708 28 Kg /ImÀUv 165920 51514 114406F.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX-¼v 5925708 7 Kg/ ImÀUv 41480 16826 24654_n.-]n.-FÂ. Acn 1453776 28 Kg /ImÀUv 40706 35064 5642_n.-]n.-FÂ. tKmX¼v 1453776 7 Kg/ ImÀUv 10176 10382 -206F.-F.-ssh.-Acn 591173 35 Kg /ImÀUv 20691 20855 -164A¶-]qÀ® 32152 10 Kg/ImÀUv 322 322

F) as®®

\ne-hnÂ as®®-bpsS Atem-«vsaâ v 30,048 sIFÂ(Intem enäÀ) BWv. HIvtSm-_À 12

apXÂ Unkw-_À 12 hsc FÃm A³.-C. ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡pw {]Xn-amkw 5 enäÀ as®® e`n-¡pw.

41


FÃm ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡pw 1.5 enäÀ as®® amÀ v̈ 2012 Â e`n-̈ p. as®® A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ tXmXv

Ipd-̈ -Xn-\mÂ G{]nÂ 2012 apXÂ F³.C ImÀUp-SaIÄ¡v 4 enä-dm-bpw, C ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡v 1 enä-dmbpw

Nne amk-§-fnÂ 1/2 enä-dmbpw Ipd-̈ n-«p-|v. 2,525 sI.-FÂ aÕ-y-_-Ô\ s]Àan-än-\pw 30.97 sIFÂ

FÌm-»n-jvsaâ v s]Àan-än-\pw, 184 sI.-FÂ A{Kn-IÄ -̈dÂ s]Àan-än-\mbpw 2012 Pq¬ apXÂ A\p-h-Zn-̈ n-

«p-|v. 2010 amÀ v̈ hsc as®®bpsS {]Xn-amk Atem-«vsaâ v 23,160 sI.-F-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p.

_n) sehn ]©-kmc

]©-kmc hnX-cWw sN-¿p-¶-Xn\v Nne \nb-{´-W-§Ä ]peÀ¯n-t]m-cp-¶p. _n]n-FÂ/

FFssh ImÀUp-S-a-IÄ¡v {]Xn-amkw 400 {Kmw F¶ \nc-¡n-emWv ]©-kmc hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xv.

]©-kmcbpsS BsI Bh-i-y-IX 4,025 sa{Sn-IvS-®m-Wv. F¶mÂ e`-yX 41,203 sa{Sn-IvS¬ (4115.6

sa{Sn-IvS¬ Atem-«vsaâ v knBÀ]n-F^v, _nF-kv-F^v Phm³amÀ¡v DÄs¸-sS) HmWw t]mep-ff

{]tXyI DÕh ka-b-§-fnÂ tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ ]©-km-c-bpsS {]tX-yI Izm« A\p-h-Zn¡m-dp-|v.

kn. t^mÀ«n-ssÛv B«

F]n-FÂ hn`m-K-¯n-\-\p-h-Zn¨ 11,777 sa{Sn--IvS¬ tKmX-¼nÂ \n¶v 6,750 sa{Sn-IvS¬ t^mÀ«n-

ssÛv B«-bmbn amäp-¶-Xn-\p-ff A\p-hmZw tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ \evIp-I-bp-|m-bn. C§s\ amäp-

t¼mÄ tKmX-¼nsâ 95 iX-am\w B«-bmbn e`n-¡p-¶p. AXmbXv GI-tZiw 6,412 sa{Sn-IvS-®mbn

B« e`n-¡p-¶p F¶À°w. taÂ¸-dª tKmX¼v tÌm¡v 2 cq] \nc-¡nÂ F]n-FÂ ImÀ-Up-S-a-

IÄ¡v hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶p. ]t£, C{Xbpw tÌm¡v ]c-ym-]vX-a-Ã. B-«-bpsS hnev]-\-hne Intem¡v

12 cq]-bmbn \nP-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 2012 HIvtSm-_-dnÂ 5,800 sa{Sn-IvS¬ tKmX¼mWv t^mÀ«n-

ssÛv B-«-bmbn amäp-¶-Xn\v k]vssftImbv¡v A\p-hmZw sImSp-¯-Xv.

HmÀK-ss\-tk-j³ NmÀ«v þ Xmeq¡v k]vssf Hmôkv/tdj-\nwKv Hmôkv

Xmeq¡v k]vssf HmôkÀ H¶v hoXw

Hmôkv AUvan-\n-kvt{S-j³ k_vUn-

hn-j³/temhÀ Unhn-j³ ¢mÀ¡v, ssS¸nÌv

63 t]mÌp-IÄ (Hmtcm Xmeq-¡nepw H¶v

hoXw)

FänFkvH

AUvan-\n-kvt{S-j³

ôÂUv hÀ¡v /tdj-\nwKv

C³kvs]-IvtSgvkv

F.-än.-F-kv.H tdj-\nwKv

(250\v taÂ \ym-b-hne

tI{µ-§-fp-ff Hmôkv)

42


iàn/ZuÀ_--ey/Ah-k-c-§Ä/shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ kw_-Ôn¨

GsXmcp kvYm]-\-¯ntâbpw \ne-\nÂ¸v B´-cn-Ihpw _mly-hp-amb Ah-bpsS ià

sbbpw, ZuÀ_-e-ys¯bpw ]änb Ah-t_m-[-¯ne-[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv.

iàn

1. kpk-Ö-hpw, hniZo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb kwhn[m-\-§-fpw, \S-]-Sn-I-fpw.

2. Cu Øm\-¯p-S-\o-f-apÅ `£-y-[m-\-y- hnX-c-W-hpw, e`-y-am-¡-epw.

3. KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-|p¶ X\-Xmb k{¼-Zm-bw.

4. `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä kq£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xn\pw tI{µ GP³kn-bpsS klm-

bw.

5. \ym-b-hn-e-tI-{µ-§-fpsS hn]p-e-amb irwJ-e.

6. ià-ambn \S-¸n-em-¡p¶ \nb-a-§-fpw, \nb-am-h-en-I-fpw.

7. hnX-c-W-¯nse GI-k-z-c-X.

8. Bfp-I-fpsS Bß-hn-i-zm-kw.

9. hr²-cm-b-h-À¡p-ff klmb ]²-Xn-IÄ (A¶-]qÀ®)

10. taÂt\m-«-¯n-\pw, ]cn-tim-[-\-¡pw, A\-[n-IrX D]-tbmKw XS-bp-¶-Xn-\pw th|p¶ kpk-

Ö-amb kwhn-[m-\w.

11. sa¨-s¸« hn[-¯nÂ Øm]n-X-amb DtZym-K-Ø-cpsS A[n-Imc t{iWn

12. tPmen Xcw-Xn-cn¨v \ÂIp-¶-Xnse anI¨ GtIm-]\w

13. P\-§-fpsS ]cmXn tIÄ¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, ]cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap-ff kpk-Ö-kw-hn-[m\w

14. hn\n-a-b, k©mc kuI-c-y-§-fpsS km¶n-[-yw.

15. tIkp-I-fpsS XoÀ¸p-IÂ¸n-¡-en-\pw, Ak-kvsaâ v Ch-ep-th-j\pw hyh-Øm-]n-X-amb {]{Iob

16. kwØm\ dh-\yq-hn-te-¡pÅ kw`m-h\

17. \ncm-ew-_À¡p-ff klmb kwhn-[m-\w.

18. tdj³ImÀUp-IÄ¡p-th|n Hm¬sse³ kuI-c-yw.

19. \ym-b-hnetI{µ- D-S-a-ØÀ¡v th|n-bp-ff hnhn-[-Xcw Hmdn-btâj³ ]²-Xn-IÄ.

ZuÀ_eyw

1. `£-y-[m-\-y-§Ä A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶-Xnse Ønc-X-bn-Ãmbva.

2. as®® A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶-Xnse I¼-\n-Xe ZuÀe-`-yw.

3. KpW-\n-e-hmc \nb-{´-W-s¯-¸-än-bp-ff Adn-hn-Ãmbva.

4. hnX-cWw sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ tdj³ hkvXp-¡-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hm-c-an-Ãmbva.

5. tdj³ hkvXp-¡-fpsS Zpcp-]-tbmKw \nb-{´n-¡m³ ]c-ym-]vX-amb kwhn-[m-\-¯nsâ A`m-hw.

6. KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf ka-b-_-Ôn-X-ambn sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-XnÂ Xt±i Øm]-\-§-fpsS \nÊ-

l-I-cW at\m-`m-hw.

7. KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xnse cmjv{Sob kzm-[o-\w.

8. Ime-m\phÀ¯n-bmbn ]cn-jvI-cn-¡-s¸« \nb-a-§-fp-sS-bpw, \nb-am-h-en-bp-sSbpw A`m-hw.

9. Agn-a-Xn-bpw, [qÀ¯pw.

10. \ne-\nÂ¡p¶ \nb-a-§-tf-bpw, \nb-am-h-en-I-tfbpw kw_-Ôn¨v Adn-hn-Ãm-bva.

43


11. Ign-hpw, ]cn-N-b-hp-apÅ DtZ-ym-K-Ø-cpsS A`mhw.

12. aäv GP³kn-Isf B{i-bn-¡p-I-bpw, tPmen-IÄ ]Ip¯v \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-I.

13. I¼-yq-«-dn-te-bpw, BÀ.-kn.-Fw.-F-kv. tkm^väv-shb-dns\bpw kw_-Ôn¨ Adn-hn-Ãm-bva.

14. aXn-bmb kuI-c-y-§-fpsS A`mhw

15. B[p-\nI Bib hn\n-a-tbm-]m-[n-I-Ä D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶nÃ F¶-Xv.

16. s]mXp-P-\-§Ä¡v hnh-c-sa-¯n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kwhn-[m-\-¯nsâ A`mhw

17. ^|p-IÄ ac-hn-¸n-¨-Xnsâ ^e-amb bm{Xm kuI-c-y-§-fpsS D]-tbm-K-¯nse A`m-hw.

18. aXn-h-cm¯ ^|p-IÄ

19. Bh-i-y-amb tPmen-¡m-cpsS A`mhw

20. C³^Àta-j³ sSIvt\m-fPn kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ tPmen-IÄ¡v th|n-h-cp¶ kvs]jyÂ skÃnsâ

A`mhw.

21. B[p-\nI D]-I-c-W-§-Ä {]hÀ¯\ £a-ambn kq£n-¨p-sh-bv¡p-¶-Xn-\pw, s]mSn-]n-Sn-¡m-Xn-

cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ kwhn-[m-\-¯nsâ A`mhw.

22. hnÚm\ hn\n-a-b-§Ä {]-Imcw al-kÀ Fgp-Xm-\pÅ Adn-hn-Ãm-bva-bpw, \nb-a-§Ä \S-¸n-em-

¡m-\pÅ Ign-hn-Ãm-bva-bpw.

23. C¦p-¼³kn hnh-c-§Ä icn-bmb hn[-¯nÂ ]pXp¡n kq£n-¡m-¯-Xv.

Ah-k-c-§Ä

1. kwØm-\s¯ `£-y-kp-c£ Dd-¸ph-cp-¯p-I.

3. kwØm-\-¯nsâ JP-\m-hn-te¡v kw-`-m-h\ sN¿p-I.

3. s]mXp-P-\-§Ä¡v \Ã tkh-\w, hIp-¸n\v hnizm-ky-X.

4. tPmen-£-a-X-bnÂ ]c-am-h[n Imc-y-£-aX.

5. Cu Kth-W³kn-eq-sS kÂ`-c-W-¯nsâ Ah-X-cWw.

6. Zcn-{Z-cnÂ Zcn-{Z-cmb BÄ¡msc Icn©´bnÂ\n¶pw a²-y-hÀ¯n-I-fnÂ \n¶pw tamNn-¸n-¡p-

¶p.

shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ

1. D]-t`m-àm-hnsâ \ockw

2. kÀ¡m-À Xe-§-fnse amäw

3. AÀl-X-bn-Ãm¯ KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf sXcs-ª--Sp-¡p-¶Xv

4. CS-\n-e-bnÂ \n¶v F^v.kn.-sF.sb ]n³h-en-¡p-I.

C.-Fw.-_n. Ah-tem-I-\w (Environmental[ Motivational and Behavioral (EMB) Analysis)

Hcp Poh-\-¡mc³ Ahsâ Ign-hn-s\m¯v {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-Xv, Ah\v th|p¶ `uXn-I-ku-

I-c-y-§Ä Ahsâ sXmgn-en-S-§-fnÂ Hcp-¡n-s¡m-Sp-t¼m-gm-Wv. \Ã tPmen¡v AhmÀUv C³skâohv

XpS-§n-bh GÀs¸-Sp-¯n Ahsâ tPmen {]m]vXn AwKo-I-cn-¡p-I-hgn Ahs\ IqSp-XÂ {]tNm-Zn-X-

\m-¡m³ km[n-¡pw. sa¨-s¸« A´-co-£-w Hcp¡n sImSp-¡p-¶-Xn-t\m-sSm¸w Ahs\ hnÚm-\-¯n-

epw, sXmgnÂ ss\]p-W-y-¯n-epw, Imc-y-£-a-X-bp-Å-h-\m¡n XoÀ¡p-¶-Xn\v th|p¶ {]mtbm-Kn-I-]

cn-io-e\w IqSn \ÂIp-¶p. C¯-c-¯nÂ `£y-s]m-Xp-hn-X-cW hIp-¸nse DtZ-ym-K-Ø-cpsS CS-bnÂ

\S-¯nb ]T\w Nph-sS.

44


1. Npäp-]mSpw L-S-I-§fpw

1. kw`-cW {]iv\-§Ä þ F^v.kn.-sF., F.-U-»yq-Un., sI.-U-»yq.-Un-.Fkv.

2. Xq¡-¡p-dhv, KpW-\n-e-hmc {]iv\-§Ä.

3. ASn-Øm\ kuI-cy-§-fnse A]-cym-]vXX

4. imkv{Xo-b-a-Ãm¯ Ccn-¸nS hn\-ym-kw.

5. ]c-ym-]vX-an-Ãm¯ Ccn-¸nS hyX-ym-kw.

6. tPmen-¡m-cpsS F®-¯n-se Ipdhv

7. I¼-yq-«À D]-t`m-àm-¡-sf kq£n-¡p-¶-Xnse sFUn-b-bn-Ãm-bva.

8. s]mXp-P-\-§Ä¡v ASn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy-§Ä e`y-a-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡Â

9. Hmô-kp-I-fpsS timN-\o-bm-h-Ø.

10. s]mXp-hn-X-cW tI{µ-§-fpsS timN-\obmh-Ø.

11. tdj³ km[-\-§-fpsS Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb A\p-h-Zn-¡Â

12. tdj-\p-th|n kaq-ls¯ thÀXn-cn-t¡|n- h-cp¶ AhØ

13. klmb GP³kn-IÄ¡pÅ cq] ka-b-¯n\v sImSp-¡m-Xn-cn¡pI.

14. Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb tPmen hn`-P-\-¯nsâ `mK-am-bpÅ AanX tPmen-`m-cw.

15. imkv{Xo-bhpw IrXy-hp-a-Ãm¯ tPmen hnX-cWw Imc-W-ap|m-Ip¶ Aan-X-tPm-en-`mcw

16. IrX-y-amb amÀK \nÀt±-i-§-fpsS A`m-hw.

2. LS-I-§Ä

1. Acn-bp-tS-bpw, tKmX-¼n-tâbpw aXn-bm-Im¯ hnlnXw

2. Ah-iy-I-X-bv¡-\p-kr-X-a-Ãm¯ as®® hnlnXw Imc-W-apÅ AXr]vXn

3. KpW-t`m-àm¡Ä, UoeÀamÀ, sam¯-hym-]m-cn-IÄ F¶n-h-cpsS AXr-]vXnbpw \ncm-ibpw

4. I-Tn-\m-[zm-\-¯n\v apXnÀ¶ Hmô-kÀam-cnÂ \n¶pw {]iwk e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡Â

5. bmYmÀ°y-t_m-[-an-ÃmsXbpÅ e£y \nÀ®bw

6. s]mXp-P-\-§-fnÂ \n¶pÅ ]cm-Xn-IÄ

7. tdj³ ImÀUp-I-fnse sXäp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-Xn-IÄ

8. _n.-]n.-FÂ. hn`m-K-̄ nsâ Is|-̄ n-bn-«pÅ sXäp-IÄ aqe-ap|mb \ncm-ibpw A\p-_Ô {]iv\-

§fpw

s]cp-amä]c-amb LS-I-§Ä

1. KpW-ta·m \nÀ®b ]cn-io-e\w e`n-¨n-«n-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ KpW-ta· Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯m³ Hmô-

kÀamÀ¡v Ign-bp-¶nÃ

2. sU³kn-än-sS-Ìv, ambw tNÀ¡Â XpS-§n-bh I|p-]n-Sn-¡p-¶-XnÂ sshZKv[yw CÃm¯ hIp-¸p-

Xe DtZym-K-Ø³

3. N«-§-sfbpw \nb-a-§-sfbpw Ipdn¨v Hmô-kÀamÀ¡pÅ ]cn-N-b-¡p-dhv

4. ]pXp-¡nb hIp-¸p-Xe \S-]-Sn-¡p-dn-¸nsâ A`mhw

5. I¼yq-«À tkm^väv shb-dp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-XnÂ Hmô-kÀamÀ¡pÅ AÚX

6. icn-bmb hnh-c-§Ä P\-§Ä¡v ]IÀ¶p sImSp-¡m-\pÅ hgn-I-fn-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡pI

7. A\m-h-iy-amb t^md-§-fpw k{¼-Zm-b§fpw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-Xzhpw

45


8. \nÝn-X-amb \ne-hm-c-an-Ãmbva

tkh\ hnX-cW taJ-e-IÄ

1. t\cn-«pÅ hnX-cW taJ-e-IÄ

1. tdj³ ImÀUv

1) ]pXnb ImÀUv 2) ImÀUv c|m-¡Â

3) Uyq¹n-t¡äv ImÀUv

4) XmÂ¡m-enI ImÀUv

2. kÀ«n-^n-¡äv

1) kd|....À kÀ«n-^n-¡äv

2) dnU-£³ kÀ«n-^n-¡äv

3) t\m¬ C¦ÂtI-j³ kÀ«n-^n-¡äv 4) t\m¬ dn\yq-hÂ kÀ«n-^n-¡äv

5) t\m¬ tdj³ kÀ«n-^n-¡äv

3. tdj³ ImÀUv ]pXp-¡Â

1) Iq«n-t¨À¡Â

2) t]cp-sh-«Â

3) Xncp-¯Â

4) tdj³ ImÀUv amäm³ (F.-BÀ.-Un. amäm³)

4. s]Àanäv

1. tdj³ s]Àanäv2. FÌm-_vfn-jvsaâv s]Àanäv

1) as®® s]Àanäv 2) ]mNI s]Àanäv

3) aÕy-_-Ô\ s]Àanäv

4) ImÀj

-tcJ · 2018. 9. 15. · 2 kaK Xn h-\-tcJ temtKm-bpsS ]cn-Wmaw kmÀh-{Xn-I-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p...

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Transcript of -tcJ · 2018. 9. 15. · 2 kaK Xn h-\-tcJ temtKm-bpsS ]cn-Wmaw kmÀh-{Xn-I-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p...