TAV Chapter 20
description
Transcript of TAV Chapter 20
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TAV Chapter 20
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Benito Mussolini
• School teacher• Fascist Party 1919– Empire building and national pride– Promised full employment and social security
• Black shirts– Militia threatened to march on Rome in 1922– King Victor Emanuel was convinced to make
Mussolini the premier – Took over the country.• Anti-communist
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Joseph Stalin
• Following Lenin’s death Stalin took over the USSR in 1926
• High output –Low wages (43%)• Collectives• Opposition• Communist
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Adolf Hitler
• Born in Braunau am Inn, Austria on April 20, 1889
• WW I– Wounded twice– Twice awarded the Iron Cross for bravery
• Military spy after WW I
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Nazis• German Worker’s Party• Hitler changed the name to The National
Socialist German Worker’s Party (NAZI)• Nov. 1923 the Nazis tried to take power in
Munich (Beer Hall Putsch)• Mein Kampf• 1932 Nazis grew within the Reichstag• 1933 Hitler is appointed chancellor by Paul von
Hindenburg
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• August 1934 Hindenburg died and Hitler became Der Fuhrer.
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Economic Circle
United States
Great Britain & FranceGermany
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War Debt
• Economic circle• Germany’s plight
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Neutrality
• Nye Committee-suggested that arms manufactures pushed the US into WW I.
• Led to the Neutrality Act of 1935-No selling of arms to nations at war
• Roosevelt warned that neutrality may eventually drag the US into war.
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Attack on Manchuria
• July 1937 Japan attacked China in order to take advantage of their natural resources.
• Neutrality Act of 1937 did not apply so we sent arms to help out China
• Tattoos
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Neutrality
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WORLD WAR II BEGINSChapter 20 Section 2
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Time Line
• 1935, Hitler begins building up the military• March 1936, Rhineland• Feb. 1938, Hitler threatens to invade Austria
unless Austrian Nazis were given important Govt positions.
• The Austrian chancellor gave into demands and wanted a vote on unification.
• Hitler sent troops into Austria in March 1938 declaring the Anschluss of Germany and Austria
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Munich Conference
• Hitler staked a claim on the Sudetenland of Czechoslovakia b/c of the German speaking people there.
• Sept. 29, 1938, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Germany met to decide about the Sudetenland
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Appeasement
• GB and France agreed to give the Sudetenland to Germany or Czech. would have to fight Germany alone.
• GB’s Neville Chamberlain returned home touting, “ a peace with honor … peace in our time.”
• March 1939, Germany sent troops into Czech– Divided into 2 (Slovakia) -Protectorate
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Non-Aggression Pact
• August 23, 1939, Germany and the USSR signed an agreement not to attack each other
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Poland
• Sept. 1, 1939, German troops rolled into Poland.
• Blitzkrieg• GB and France declare war on Germany• Sept. 27th Warsaw fell to Germany• By October 5th Poland had fallen
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Fall of France
• Defensive bunkers – the Maginot Line• May 10, 1940 German troops attack France by
going around the Maginot Line.– Through Belgium and Luxembourg and the Ardennes
Forest • French and English troops were trapped at Dunkirk– 3 day delay made it possible for 338,000 troops to be
rescued• Vichy France puppet govt.
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Battle of Britain
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THE HOLOCAUSTChapter 20 Section 3
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Nuremberg Laws
• Targeted Jews mainly as well as others the Nazis saw as inferior
• Sept. 1935 - Removed citizenship for German-Jews
• Marriage • Public office
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Kristallnacht
• Nov. 7, 1938, a German diplomat was killed by a Jew
• Nov. 9th Jews were targets in retaliation • Staged by Joseph Goebbels, the minister of
propaganda• The following day the Gestapo arrested 30,000
Jews
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The Final Solution
• Wannsee Conference- Determine the Jewish question
• Concentration Camps• Extermination Camps
• 1937, Buchenwald was the first and largest concentration camp
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Destroyers for Bases
• 50 old destroyers
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America First
• Isolationists
• 1940 Fight for Freedom Committee pushes for a stronger stand against Germany
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Lend Lease Act
• Lend or lease arms to any country vital to the defense of the US.
• 40 billion in supplies to the Allies
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Hemispheric Defense Zone
• Western Atlantic was neutral• US ships would radio the location of German
Submarines to the British
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Atlantic Charter
• Aug. 1941, FDR and Churchill met near Newfoundland – Post war world of democracy and free trade– Force an incident
• German Sub. sank US destroyer Oct. 31, 1941– Reuben James – Shoot on sight order
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Embargo Against Japan
• July 1940, Congress gave FDR the power to restrict the sale of strategic materials
• FDR blocked the sale of Airplane fuel and scrap iron to Japan– Japan responded by joining the Axis of Germany
and Italy • Japan sent troops into Indochina so we set up
an oil embargo until they pull out.
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Pearl Harbor
• December 7, 1941, the Japanese launch a surprise attack on the US Naval Base– 2,403 killed– 1,178 injured
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SURPRISE ATTACK AGAINST THE UNITED STATES BY THE EMPIRE OF
JAPAN
HARRIS, George Ellsworth MM1c USN Illinois
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JAPANESE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR
• Dec. 7, 1941, Japan conducted a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii – 2,403 people died in the Sunday morning attack– Killed soldiers, sailors, & civilians– Destroyed 200 planes, 5 battleships, & 3
cruisers• Aircraft carriers were out to sea when the
attack happened
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The USS Arizona
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December 7, 1941
• “a date that will live in infamy”• The U.S. declares war against Japan• Dec. 11th Germany & Italy declare war on the
U.S.
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During The Attack
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Torpedo Found In 1999
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Oil From The USS Arizona