Tatiana Soboleva Department of Chemistry and Geology.
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Transcript of Tatiana Soboleva Department of Chemistry and Geology.
Premarital Sexuality Among Young People in
Eighteenth-Century France
Tatiana SobolevaDepartment of Chemistry and Geology
“…and they lived happily
ever after”
What do we know about courtship in 18th century Europe? Current Research:
Close parental supervision of marriage Strict regulation of couple formation by state and
church Historians have started to question this model
Picture shown represents "Contract de Mariage" d'apres le tableau original de Jean Steen
Overview:
How do paternity suits help us understand
couple formation- a dynamic behavioral system?
How do we identify and define courtship using witness depositions?
Do witness depositions shed light on courtship patterns?
My Research Focus
image taken from: https://www.google.com/search?q=french+map&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=KtxHU9brFaGF2QXWnIHYAQ&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&biw=1242&bih=565#q=french+map+with+Dijon&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=p8-Jrw9gpRCFEM%253A%3Bc6jWfqQzg2-DiM%3Bhttp%25
Why France, Dijon?Area of our research interest
• Typical city of 10,500 inhabitants
• Provincial Administrative capital
Data related to 1740, youth population being considered inhabitants under 30 years old. Benoit Garnot, Vivre en Bourgogne au XVIII-e siècle (Dijon, 1996), 22.
Dijon’s Demographic Characteristics
Total Dijon Population (~10,500 inhabitants)
Youth- 59%
Paternity suits contain : Original complaint filed by women or
somebody else on their behalf Declarations of pregnancy produced
by the women and court officials or notaries
Witness depositions Interrogations of the defendants Court Decisions Attachments: Love Letters, Bans de
Marriage
Research Methods…
pictures taken from: https://www.google.com/search?q=Alice+in+Wonderland&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=L_1HU-jnFOPz2QW6qIGAAQ&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&biw=1242&bih=565#q=alice+in+wonderland+book+original+cover+by+lewis+carroll&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=5SuxLM
Research Magnitude
12 court cases~ 600 pages
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 147 (1702)
Original complaint
Official format to addressing the
judgeIntroducing the
plaintiff and or her family
The body of the complaint
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 147 (1702)
Witness DepositionDate of witness deposition
Witness responsibility agreement
Information about witness name, age, social status
Body of the deposition
Witness approval of recorded deposition, his/her signature
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 147 (1702)
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 151 (1704)
Interrogation
Official heading format that contains: time, place, and name of judge that performed interrogation
Interrogation body
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 151 (1705)
Love Letters…
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 151 (1705)
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 151 (1705)
Bans de Marriage
What is the role of witnesses?How are they chosen? Is there any statistical sex
dominance among witnesses?
05
101520253035
Male WitnessesFemale witnesses
02468
10121416
Male WitnessesFemale witnesses
6.46.66.8
77.27.47.67.8
8
Male WitnessesFemale witnesses
Total Number of witnesses (all age categories)
Number of young witnesses (less than 30 years old)
“Mobile social elements” among young witnesses
Space : church, park zone, boutiques,
parental house, etc. Time : Fete de Noel (Christmas), Fete
de Paques (Easter), etc. Signs : talk together, walk together,
presents exchange, share dinner, etc.
Time, space, signs…
Archives Départementales de la Côte d’Or (Dijon, France), B2 360 151 (1705)
Robert vs PelletierOctober 1703
Dec.
Jan. Feb.
Mars Avril Mai Juin Juillet Aout Sept.
Mort de Pere Pelletier
Start frequentation
Flowers & letter exchange
Assiduous frequentation
Shared dinner
Possible conception time
Exchange of presents: sweets and liquor
Meetings, common pastime
Signing Bans de Marriage
5 months pregnancy report
Ring present
tutoyage
Church
Church, house, boutique
Travel together to Paris
Parental House
Witness depositions offer a unique perspective on courtship
Witnesses provide information on time, space, and signs that allow historians to identify the phases of the relationship
The collection of witnesses present a dynamic rather than static picture of courtship
Conclusion/Significance
ADCO, B2 360 150-152, 1702-1705. Benoît Garnot, Vivre en Bourgogne au XVIIIe siècle (Dijon:
Éditions universitaires de Dijon, 1996), 26. Christine Lamarre, “La population de la Bourgogne à la fin du
XVIIIe siècle à travers le dénombrement Amelot (1786),” Annales de Bourgogne 55 (1983) : 65-99.
Christopher Corley, “Gender, Kin, and Guardianship in Early Modern Burgundy,” in Family, Gender, and Law in Early Modern France, ed. Suzanne Desan and Jeffrey Merrick (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009), 183-222.
Colin Heywood, “Innocence and Experience: Sexuality among Young People in Modern France, c. 1750-1950,” French History 21 (2007): 44-64.
Gottleib, “The Meaning of Clandestine Marriage,” 52. Isambert, Decrussy, and Tallandier, eds., Receuil général des
anciennes lois françaises, depuis l’an 420, jusqu’à la révolution de 1789, 29 vols (Paris : Belin-Leprieur, 1829), 13: 469-471.
Bibliography
Faculty Advisor Dr. Christopher Corley,
department of History, Minnesota State University, Mankato
Minnesota State Foundation grant support via Undergraduate Research Center at Minnesota State University Mankato
Acknowledgements
Thank you for Attention!!!
Questions?
ADCO, B2 360 150-152, 1702-1705. Benoît Garnot, Vivre en Bourgogne au XVIIIe siècle (Dijon:
Éditions universitaires de Dijon, 1996), 26. Christine Lamarre, “La population de la Bourgogne à la fin du
XVIIIe siècle à travers le dénombrement Amelot (1786),” Annales de Bourgogne 55 (1983) : 65-99.
Christopher Corley, “Gender, Kin, and Guardianship in Early Modern Burgundy,” in Family, Gender, and Law in Early Modern France, ed. Suzanne Desan and Jeffrey Merrick (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009), 183-222.
Colin Heywood, “Innocence and Experience: Sexuality among Young People in Modern France, c. 1750-1950,” French History 21 (2007): 44-64.
Gottleib, “The Meaning of Clandestine Marriage,” 52. Isambert, Decrussy, and Tallandier, eds., Receuil général des
anciennes lois françaises, depuis l’an 420, jusqu’à la révolution de 1789, 29 vols (Paris : Belin-Leprieur, 1829), 13: 469-471.
Bibliography
If focusing on witness role in court cases:
observe the profession, age, sex, type of information provided in relation to peer grouping
If focusing in the phase of pregnancy of the plaintiff: observe the development of regional medical science coupled with the rural/urban social classes medical knowledge
If focusing on the legal changes: analyze the state, court, church, and social classes interaction and mutual influences
Further investigation…