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By
Mrs. Tassanee Tarapom
A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Phllosophy Program in Curriculum and Instruction
Department of Curriculum and Instruction
Graduate Schoo~ SUpakorn University
Copyright of Graduate School, SUpakom University
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51254903 : MAJOR: (CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION) KEY WORD : ENGLISH FOR HOTEL TRAINING PROGRAM/ TASK-BASED INSTRUCTION/
ENGLISH COMMUNICATION SKILLS TASSANEE TARAPORN: THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOTEL ENGLISH TRAINING
PROGRAM FOCUSING ON TASK-BASED INSTRUCTION TO ENHANCE COMMUNICATION SKILLS. THESIS ADVISORS : ASST. PROF. SA-NGIAM TORUT, Ph.D., ASST.PROF. PRANEE NILAKORN, Ph.D., ASST.PROF. PIMRAWEE ROCHARUNGSAT, Ph.D. 331 pp.
The purposes of the research were; 1) to analyze needs of stakeholders for English for hotel training curriculum, 2) to develop and test the efficiency of a English for hotel training curriculum for 3rc1 year hotel students, 3) to compare students' ability in English for hotel communicative skills and effect size, and 4) to investigate the students' opinions toward the hotel English training curriculum.
The sample, selected by simple random sampling technique, comprises 30 third-year hotel students of academic year 2013, Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism Industries, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin. The students did the pretest, attended the hotel English training program, did the posttest and answered the questionnaire on their opinions toward English for hotel training program within the duration of36 hours.
The instruments used for gathering data consisted of; 1) table of content analysis 2) English for hotel training program included 1 0 units of materials 3) pretest and posttest for achievement on communication skills in English for hotel and 4) a questionnaire on opinions toward the English for the hotel training program.
The paired-sample t-test and effect size were used to analyze the data in order to assess the students' ability in English for hotel communication skills before and after attending the training program. Mean and standard deviation of items were used to evaluate the students' opinions toward the training program.
The results of the study were as follow: 1. There are needs for English for hotel training program in content, language
functions and skills, learning activities, and evaluation which congruent toward hotel situations.
2. The efficiency score of the English for hotel training program was 83.13/78.48. The average score of the English formative test from 10 units was 83.13 percent and the average score of the posttest was 78.48 percent. Consequently, the efficiency score is higher than the expected criterion (75/75).
3. The students' ability in English for hotel communication skills was significantly higher at the 0.051evel. The effect size of ability was 6.06.
4. The students' opinions toward the English for hotel training curriculum were highly positive.
Department of Curriculum and ~truction Graduate School, Silpakorn University
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V~'llu ua:::Vtun~l'Utl1'!i tfl'!i'Ufl11Hfltl'U1JJ6ttHA n~u 'il1f1~1U1'iltl'll6~ Katz (1983), Blue ua::
Harun (2003), Leslie ua::: Russell (2006) h)guJuanww:::'lltl~f111:11fl~nqwi~ntin ua:::n!ui1
f11'!iniPliU11JflflGJ1m~uiju1i~1U1u i'i~ttnJllf~u'i:::ffnifllfHJ:::cM1f.lllf~1n'ilU'l':~ff'Ufl111Jtllt~'il 1~ i~Ju i1 ~u '!i1Jff1u 1 wqjlui~ 1 utot;fa Q 1 '!iuuGJ:::.fJi'iil1flnl'!ino~t~fJ1~U'l ~ 11i1~1 -d
tlUl lfl~ nq 'l!U1'J U1ll1lli!U i~n f.l1tll1J6B1~g~~'il~ n9JIU lfl111Jff11Jl'Hl 1 u fll'j~flffl1'116~f4U fl~l'U
11f~u1~ffni mVtmm~fflJ 1 u fl11'l'll~lu hw~in1l~fl111Jff1mHl'lltl~VIU n~1u i 1 ~u 71J~ t1 'I .1"' ...... ..,. ., v 'I A A v 'l ~6-:lflU t'Uf1111J{)1Jfi-:Jl'U 6l'YI '!iZfi'Utl111Jlfl1llJffllJ1Hlt'Ufl111Hln'111f46fl111Jl'lllt'il~llJ
fftl1Uf11'iW inw~m11't1mw16-:~nq11~ffo~ l't1tf-:~~nn11:: tiom1.W~m113A nnthuua:::nTn;itJu
0111 .Ut111:116~ nqw ~mJ.Jl::: fflJft'UffCJlU m Vt uGJ::: nu 1 't1mw16~ nq11~111 m::: ffJ.Jtilwi'unu
Stla'l'i'i:::ldH'l9JIUD'nlJ (Leslie ua::: Russell, 2006: 231- 259)
f111llfl-:lfl(}l:lt'h111'1Jf11'!i~6ffl11U~l'U h~tt11JU~fl~HilfltlUllfl~fl(}l:llU'Vfl~01l'rf1 hJ
t ,X .A "'·" ., tl ' ' ' tl Ql !II "' 'YI-:I'UI'Utl-:111lfl1JlJ'il'ilfJ'YIH~1UfffJ1Uill'Vf1:::111H~ff'U'YI'UlUa:::fl11lJU~fl~l~fll'U11'l!'Uti1':ilJI'IIl1JllJ
t d j} ~ I ~ ~QI A 0
ff1UtnfJ1'116~t1J'IHltJH1Jlfl 'illflfll'Jnf111111W'II6~ Blue ua~ Harun (2003) 1't'ftln'l11'il~11'ilfftl'U
uGJ:::th'lfm.tailflfll'!ifYmnanww~ m1 1-*mwl 1 u ~1u 11 ~u1 J.JlJ 1 l 't11 u fll'l'ff~1-:~11a n~~' 1Jnou11J
1,.., ., t~d.ot .I "-1""""" !JI 1' ' "' i 11fl'U'VfU fl-:llUUa~fj'YI1Jfl111Ju1~ff ~fHlZu{)1J~-:IlU~lU fll'!i t HU'JlJ'Vf'U11 f111:116~fl(j1:1 HU'JlJ
tf!Uf111:111lllf41~~l-dtl4 6fll1~tln'l11 U~l'U 11 ~U 'J'lJUa~~~ f111W:::Wltl'l:I~U~fl~N'illflf1111 oN
8
... Q, "" a ,.,Q I 1 .. fl1141tHflt)'tH\ll'fl::fl'il Uffl'\116l'll'l'ft!U fl1'Hl:: t'll'fl111 fl1141 HU'UJ (Hospitality Language) tU
"' ... "" .A , "1 i "" "' .X ... fl11!'Hlfl'\11Ufll'Mltl~flt]14!\ll'f1:fl'iHl'f6 'll' Ufll':i HUUmWl'l!~H.I1 Utlfl'illflU il11416~flt]14
h~U'ilJfl1'i'il::!~Ufl1141fl~flq14~NfflJNffTUflU1::'W:h~fl1141tl~flt)14 h~mlJ (Hospitality English)
... .:.. , .. I A ~ d il Ql I 1 " "
ua::.fl1141tl~flt]14l'l1 u (General English) 1Utl-3'il1fllJfl11lJ!fll.f1'\ltl-3flUU~ 1::111Hfll':i t'll'
.fl1141fl'-3nq14 i1 1 tJnu wU',~nHfl1141 ffl'fnua::d1u 1u~ '1 cNi u nu h ~u 111 ua:: l~11ti ~
fl1141U-3flt]14 h~1111J6Ufll~U 2 l11::!.fll'lfl6 .fl1141U~flt]14!i!l'f1::fl'ilt~Bfln h~mlJ (English for
specific hospitality purposes -ESHP) 11a::tn141U-3flt)14.J1111t~Bfl11 h~1111J (English for general
i d .., "' A i hospitality purposes~ EGHP) ~ t1 l'l .fl1141 U ~ fl q 14! i!l'f 1:: fl 'illl'f B fll 1 H U 1 lJ fl1 1 fl 1 B 1J fl ')lJ
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Check~out, fll':i 11'Utllq!alm.l1fl1Jff>l61U1Ufl111Jff::~1fl Ufll':i Hl!llJ fl11 11'\1Blq!alfltl1fl1J
lftNri'fl fl111J'1fl11U1111'iUa::fl111J'1fl11~'W"ll~ 'W~'W !l~.fl1141U~flq14...f1 1tJt~Bfl11 h ~U'ilJ fl11
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fl6-l!~tl1 fl11~B1Jrll~B>l'UB (Request) ~U"l ~61'il'il:: 1,j!~U11i'B~tl1Jfl111J'1fl11 i Hl!':ilJ i~tJ;jH~ l/J'J/ I i" ~~ d 'JI ... , i I dJ d t~ 11a::11u~n11 'll'.fl1141B6fltu'W1::v:::;jllJ!1a1nu'llm'\11lJ1l'ffl u Hl!llJ flt111flU 1:::v::nmn
.eli d 0 i'j} " "QI ~ .d. 0 , U'llfllJltN (Arrival) 1:: a::na1nl'l1 11U'IIflfJUtfltiUa::~1lfl1J1 mma::: ff >lBlU 1l.ffl111Jff:::iil1fl u
1HU'.ilJ (Familiarisation) 1::v:::~11'11fl1~u'7m'.i'lltH h~tt':ilJ (Engagement) ua:::1:::t1::~11'11nfha~ Q "' i I ..~, iJd, j} ~ Ql 1 o d dl
\l::t~l'Wl'll~fla1J6Bfl'il1fl HU11J (Departure) ff1'U.fl1141'VI 'lffl;jB~lJafl14tll::!'f1.fll'W ~Wfll'W~fH
fffll'W::!'U B~ 'lJfl fl a (interpersonal) 11 a:: fl111Jlt;j fl9h31 :miH 1Jflfla~1~1W~'W 1i ':i'.i lJ til.! (Cross-
.f , 'JI l c:j4 _,S Ql I "' .. t Q .. J/ cultural) 'Wtlfl\l1fl'Ufl11 'll'.flllll'VIll'll~ (Body Language) fllJfl111Jn1fltytlfJHU>lt'Wfll'.iff~!ff'l'lJ 111
.t!l , t ~ ~ 0 y ~4 d Q Ql 1 d (ESHP)flBAtl~ff ~!ff11Jfl111J'l'fll':iUa:: fll'l'llll.IUa::VJl 1 11!!'11fllfffl~ ua::tfl~fl111JiJ1:: l'llJ 1ll'l11:::
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~1Jlri'mt~1 fl11~Bffln:::w:h>ll'fU fl>ll'W i lJ h ~U'.i:J.J ~tri'W a >l\lll~'W 'illflfl11tlfl141'116~ Katz (2001)
l'flJ -j, i lJ h >l11 1 lJ~ijl'ftl' fl>ll'W lJ l'W l'll'l~ri H l'W l11J til.! fflJ'i'ltl u:: fll'.i 1 ~.fl1141U>l nq 14 !~ tlfll'J
~tlffl'l i lJ fll'lriH1U061~lJ a ~~1'\'1 i lfl'f U fl~l'U ~ riHllJ l11J ti U ~fffl~ tiUfll'lril~ lUi lJ lllJl~l.f1tiU .. 1 i 'JI <V a -:!\ ... Q 'JI I I OJ 'JI ~ vm1 'll'fll141B~ n q 141l'fB fll':i n B ffl 1 'II B ~ l'f 'W fl>ll'W fl11 1J fl111J ~ fl;j t~>l flat~ ~u fl a 1l'f6 n'W 11a::: ;j 6 ~
rllU>l0-3fl1llJ!l;jfl~H'VIH1W~'W 1i'l'l'lJ~1tJ l~v l~nl'udrh nn~l'fu fl>ll'W h ~u 'llJ'il:: l11::ffu
9
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1umniWJul~an-u~ri~nfl1J1l.JftTtno.:Jnql>u~am1 i1.:J!!1l.J ttlum1Nffl.JN'fl'lu1::::'HiH
!I "' .., "' .Jl !I A A 1 1 !'. ..; "" tl fl'lll.J~!U'Vtl:l::tll'.lf'Vt 01Jl\J111J1JftHJlfl.:JOi]lfVI '.lf!'Vtfl011fffl'fl'11 lJ.:JllJ H!!'il.JlJlJ I:Jt\111~! lJ
"' "" .li !I • 'L 11 !1!"1 " "" !I ftl'hllfl\IOt]lUU'Vtl:l::01l (English for Specific Purpose) CJt\lllJlJ011lJ1 nJ '.If &l.l'fi'Cill.ln11Wfll'.lf'Vt~llJ
011 lH!!1lJ Mackey !!rl:l:: Mountford (1978: 23-25) nal'lini'WJtJ1fll'J'Iltl.:Jfl11'fl'fll.lfl11>110\IOt]'hl
m 'Vtl:l:: n1ltn~1l10!!1.:JUtJ~lr~ 111 lum1 1 fm'hll!~tltn<s~m1'111u.:Jll.ltl1;'Vt t~amni'~tJ11.h::::tntY . . -4 J/0.1 ~ f QJ ~
CJt\lfffl~flrltl\101J Finocchiaro ur~:::: Brumfit (1983: 44-47) 'lf\l'i:l::'IJ'llfl11'fl'fll.lfll'hlltl\IOt]l>I!U'Vtl::::n1l
.c:t. "J I 0 d J) Ql 1 fj} fJ}d a! £, I.~ Q,l , ')/ d, , .J J)e:1 !U'Vfl::n1l&l.J1ll!Ul.lflfl\11l'fl 'HF;jlH.IUt'WUftll>llfl\111lJ'fl11fl~tl\11l'fl l1l'Jfll.l l.l'lltl1Jt'llflflr;j!1fJU
lla.:JnT:mr~::th 1tJ1flu m111i]llii\11Ufll;'Vt'lltl.:JJi1t.tu 11.adH~ 1~om1::\lltJ 1 u i 1 \IH'Jl.J~~~fl.:J 1 f
fll'hllo\lnq'hlt~fl9i'fl~fl~fl'fl'l'Jft1J~ntfl~~hfityfia ihollaut'1J fho1J';m1m1111 fhau~Ultl ur~::
,:ho1J';m-s~u.,~lla.:J11i]ff'mi'uno1J~ntf, i'fltJf'IH
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'flll.l fl'lll.J l fl1ll.J 'fl'll.J 11 fill r1:::: n 11 n fl ffl 1 ~ 1 r.till'hllfl\1 n q 1>1 'fl'fll u tln 'hll!!rt:::: 11u 'lfJ\IlU fllJ 11'\.J lfl
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10
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jl • 1 jl j/Q 1 'j) .a __, d ~ 1 """" fftl'UU1JUI'U'Utl11~~1'U (Task-based Instruction) ~~'lf1eJ 'Jflljl1r.J'U 'IU1ll111111Jfl'Ufl'U'l'l!fl~ 'U'lf19'1
C\ .o=:t J Ql :, Ql Q,l 41 ..
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Development)
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I 11ll 1~ ffll01Jfft:ll'U flUW 'Utl~ nul fml11tl~flq lJUl'Vf1:: n1J~ 1'U nn1 'i ~u 'i 1J ua~tr!u tlfllJ~
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(1989), Richard ua~ Rogers (2001), ua~ Ellis (2003) i~ffl11H'1AV~tl1lJ1tl~flqlJ~lflum'i
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(1996 : 69 - 73) i~'i~'l.J 1~vanl1w~'Ufl~ml11ff1'Jfi'tJlflutJ1tJntu'W1~lum1Rnmfli'~ilA6
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11
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"" .I " U{l~ Brumfit (1981 : 152), U{I~Willis U{l~ Willis (2007 : 112 - 134) 1~1J U{l~11fll1u1~fJ011fll'.i
l11~ti1UN{I 1uffnTrni1 ~ (Authentic Assessment) (Skehan, 1996 : 112 - 137) 1111 fl~tJflll
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