Task 1.2 Context: definition and specification. Leuven, 14 oktober 2004 Outline Introduction Work...

Task 1.2 Context:definition and specification

Leuven, 14 oktober 2004

Outline Introduction Work method Context definition Context specification

Overview Usage

Conclusion


Introduction Context = con – text

Comes from literature

General meaning Facts or circumstances surrounding situation or event

In computer science No consensus in literature Case based definition


Introduction Main properties of information in context (HCI):

Important parts who, where, what [Schilit 1994] physical environment and software [Calvary 2002]

Relevant to interaction [Dey 2001] About present and past [Coutaz 2002]

Other important context properties Distributed sources Automated and human input Ambiguous

In work package 1 Working definition within CoDAMoS project Specification


Work methodology Workgroup Understanding of context in literature Decisions about context based on

Literature Understanding of our own needs Limited scenario instantiation Discussion with partners (workshop)

Validation Work packages in first two years Review after two years


Our working definition

Context is any information that is relevant for the interaction of a subject (person or service) with the platform and tells

something about:

The platform

The user

The environment

The services


Our working definition The platform

technical specification (CPU, RAM, I/O, ...) runtime environment (OS, VM, ...)

The user (human) personal information preferences

The environment tempo-spatial information physical characteristics

The services what the platform provides to third parties (users or other services)


Specification

Ontology What?

Knowledge representation describing concepts with relations Reasoning and inducing new information

Why? Context is highly interrelated Easy sharing of knowledge

Instantiated using Web Ontology Language Semantic Web Standard Practical usage is possible

Organized around main concepts from definition


Specification Overview

user

platform environmentservice

providesService* hasEnvironment

usesService*

usesPlatform*

Main concepts User uses (to execute a task)

Services One or more platforms In an environment


Specification: User User

Profile: contains properties of the user Properties can be complex (agenda) or simple (name) Mostly static information

Preferences: Device or service specific

Tasks: what the user wants to do Contains: activities (concrete actions)

Mood or current Role may change preferences


Specification: User

preferenceprofile

profile

user

role

task

activity

service

hasActivity*

hasTask*

hasRole*

hasProfile

usesService*

hasProfile

mood

hasMood

hasProfile

i/odevice

usesIODevice*

isa

Main concepts User uses (to execute a task)

Services One or more platforms In an environment


Specification: Platform - Software Run-time environment

Operating system (API, libc) Name, edition, version

Virtual machine(s) API (J2SE 1.4.1, ...) Name & edition (SUN JRE 1.4.1, JikesRVM 2.3.2)

Software Name, version Rendering engine

modality


Specification: Platform - Hardware

CPU Speed Cache: sizes & organisation (levels + mapping scheme)

I/O Screen (size, colordepth, touch?, ...) Data-entry (keypad, ...) Network (ethernet, bluetooth, IR, ...)

Storage Volatile or persistent Total size & currently available

Power Total and currently available


Specification: Platform

user

platform

software hardware

operatingsystem

virtual machine

rendering engine

inputdevice

outputdevice

resource

memoryresource

cpuresource

storageresource

networkresource

powerresource

environment

service

isa

providesSoftware*

isaisa

providesService*

hasEnvironment

middleware

i/odevice

isa

usesIODevice*

modality

requiresPlatform*

supportsModality*

providesHardware*

Platform has software and hardware Hardware

Resource I/O device

Software Provides services Requires ...


Specification: Services Service description:

Coarse-grained specification High-level information to decide if we are interested in the

service Semantic service discovery E.g.: “I need a messaging service.”

Fine-grained specification Provided and required service interfaces Service composition E.g.: APIs, non-functional requirements, …


Specification: Services

task software

service

serviceprofile

servicemodel

servicegrounding

hasServiceGroundinghasServiceProfile

hasServiceModel

usesService* providesService*

Services Used for tasks Provided by software Description based on OWL-s


Specification: Services OWL-S ontology comprises three parts:

Service Profile: Properties for automatic discovery Service functionality Inputs / Outputs Preconditions / Effects Cfr.: Yellow page entry

Service Model Control flow and data flow involved in using the service Composition and execution of services

Service Grounding: Mapping to WSDL and SOAP Communication-level protocols Message descriptions


Specification: Environment

Describing physical characteristics of the environment Sensed information

Accuracy Scale Time stamp

Derived information Transform low-level information to human

comprehensible high-level information Combining information


Specification: Environment

platform

environment

locationenvironmental

condition

temperature

pressure

humidity

lighting

noise

address

absoluterelative

isa

isa

isa

hasEnvironment

isRelativeTo*

time

hasLocation*

hasTime*

hasEnvironmentalCondition*

Environment Location Environmental conditions Time


Conclusion

Context definition and specification Four main parts:

User Platform Service Environment

Advantage of using ontologies Allow existing knowledge reuse Connect ontologies to enlarge knowledge domain Reasoning and inducing new information


Conclusion

Validation Other work packages Scenarios

Reiteration After 2 years based on gained experience

Work packages Feedback

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