3Adlis n tmaziɣt

Tagduda Tazzayrit Tamagdayt Taɣerfant

Aɣlif n Usedwel Aɣelnaw

Adlis n tmaziɣt

3Aseggas wis 3 n ulmud Alemmas

Imeskaren :

• Muhub ḤERRUC

• Ʃli LEWNIS

• Remḍan ΣACUR

Unuɣen : WALI Ʃmer

Conception et mise en page M'LIK FewziaConception de la couverture BELAID khaled

2010 - 2011

الطبعة األولى2011 - 2010

MS 914/10

I. S. B.N 978 - 9947 - 20 - 555 - 6 ردمكN° Dépot légal 2010 - 771 رقم االيداع القانوني

مصادق عليه من طرف جلنة االعتماد واملصادقة للمعهد الوطني للبحث والتربية - وزارة التربية الوطنية - وفق القرار رقم 0 / م.ع/0 بتاريخ 0 ماي 2010

T a z w a r t

Ha-tt-a tuweḍ-d twala n udlis-a akken ad as-nales. D acu kan, ɣas nules-as, yella wayen yeqqimen akken yella ; yella wayen imseklen deg-s. Am gma-s-nni i d-yeffɣen deg useggas n ulmad 2005/2006, nra ad yili d adlis ara d-isleknen, tikkelt niḍen, belli «tameslayt-a i d-yefrurin deg ṣṣeḥ, ɣur-neɣ, nekkni, ur telhi ara kan i ccḍeḥ». Ɣur-neɣ, telha i taɣulin akk n tudert, d nettat ay d tudert ; ma texḍa, ad teḍru yid-neɣ am winna iɣef yenna umedyaz «laṣel-ik, izgel-ik ; win tebɣiḍ, yugi-k, mel-iyi-d wi k-ilan ?» Akken ad issinen yinelmaden-nneɣ ad arun iḍrisen, tuwi-d ad qeṭṭben ama d ilugan n tseddast n tefyirt, ama d wid n lebni amatu n uḍris. D snat temsal-a uɣur tezzi tidmi-nneɣ deg udlis-a.

Deg udlis-a, llan tlata wanawen n yinaw : tasiwelt, aglam, asegzi. Nerra-d tasiwelt, i-wakken ad izmiren yinelmaden ad gzun belli s wassaɣen yellan ger yiwudan (neɣ yif-it ma yenna-d bnadem imigan) akked temlilt n yal yiwen ay iteddes wullis ; tis snat, awadem, yezmer win yettarun ad as-yefk tawuri niḍen : ad t-id-yeglem alama yuɣal wullis-nni amzun d tilawt ; tis tlata, iwudam ttmeslayen gar-asen, yella melmi i d-tuwi ɣef unallas ad d-yessiweḍ ayen ttemyinin yiwudam am wakken t-id-nnan ; daymi d-nessedda tagzemt swayes ara yissin unelmad amek ara d-iger adiwenni deg wullis.

Ma d asegzi, yuwi amur ameqqran n tgezmin. D netta ay d inaw agejdan deg Useggas wis 3 n Ulmud Alemmas. Timsal iɣef d-yuwi usegzi, ugtent : ansay, yiwet n tewsit n tsekla, tamguri tamensayt, agama, amaɣrad.

Deg wayen yerzan isenfaren, d aselmad d yinelmaden-is kan ay yeẓran d acu yeffɣen fell-asen d wacu i wumi zemren.

Di yal tagzemt, ad tafem :

• Sin yiḍrisen n yiwen wanaw.• Iluɣma n umawal. Iluɣma-a, rzan ama d assaɣen ger wawalen (takenwa d tenmegla),

ama d anamek (tagetnamka, asbadu, iktawalen…).• Tamsirt n tjerrumt d yiluɣma.• Tamsirt n tseftit d yiluɣma.• Tamsirt n trawalt d yiluɣma.• Taɣuri d uzraw n usefru.• Irmad n ufares s tira yeddan d wanaw n yinaw akked tezmert taddayt n tegzemt.

Teggra-d, tura, ma iwala uselmad kra ur neffiɣ ara fell-as ama deg yiḍrisen, ama deg temsirin n tutlayt d yiluɣma, yezmer ad t-ibeddel ; acku anagar netta i yessnen aswir n yinelmaden-is d wacu i asen-ilaqen, maca a-wi-yufan mačči d abeddel i ubeddel.

Imeskaren

agbur

Amur tamɣunt n ulmad Tagzemt Iḍrisen

01

Sb : 07

1

- Asafar di lɣar n waɣzen sb : 08

- Tajeğğigt n wureɣ sb : 14

- Asefru: Sselṭan n Mejbada sb : 16

2

- maksen sb : 18

- ireg sb : 24

- Asefru : Tajewwaqt-iw sb : 26

3

- Masensen sb : 28

- Iɣrem n Yirumanen sb : 34

- Asefru: Taddart n Leqbayel sb : 36

02

Sb : 39

4

- Anẓar sb : 40

- Tamacahut sb : 46

- Asefru: Targit d laẓ sb : 48

5

- Amsal n uqermud sb : 50

- Taleɣt Sb : 56

- Asefru: Yemma tedda ḥafi sb : 58

6

- Urar n walqafen sb : 60

- Takerza sb : 66

- Asefru: Bu-tjewwaqt sb : 68

03 Sb : 71

7

- Ansi i d-itekk ugeffur ? sb : 72

- Aman sb : 78

- Asefru : Ajeğğig sb : 80

8

- Anagraw n yiṭij sb : 82

- Amtiweg n Umaḍal sb : 88

- Asefru : Igujilen sb : 90

agbur

Iferdisen n tutlayt Afares s tira Asiteg

Tajerrumt: Talɣa d twuri n waddad sb : 11

Taseftit : Timeẓra n umyag sb : 12

Tirawalt: Tizelɣiwin n tnila sb : 13

Azenziɣ n yimigan deg

wullis

Sb : 17

Sb : 38

Tajerrumt: imattaren sb : 21

Taseftit: Amyag : Ifeggagen d tmeẓra

sb : 22

Tirawalt: Asigez sb : 23

Taguri n udiwenni deg

wullis

Sb : 27

Tajerrumt: Arbib sb : 31

Taseftit: Amaɣun n yizri sb : 32

Tirawalt: - Tamsertit : “i”+ i/y. Sb : 33

Tira n uḍris agelman

Sb : 37

Tajerrumt: Tibawt sb : 43

Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir sb : 44

Tirawalt: -Tamsertit: d+t, ḍ+t sb : 45

Tira n uḍris asegzay

Sb : 49

Sb : 70Tajerrumt: Asmekti n yisemmaden sb : 53

Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir ussid sb : 54

Tirawalt: Tamsertit : Tazelɣa n tnila « d»

d umatar «t» sb : 55

Tira n uḍris asegzay

Sb : 59

Tajerrumt : Anammal n usentel sb : 63

Taseftit : Amaɣun n yizri ibaway sb : 64

Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila sb : 65

Tira n uḍris asegzay

Sb : 69

Tajerrumt : Asemmad agensay sb : 75

Taseftit : Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway sb : 76

Tirawalt : Tamsertit : « d » n trila + amqim awsil sb : 77

Tira n uḍris asegzay

Sb : 81

Sb : 92

Tajerrumt : Tafyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt :

sb : 85

Taseftit : Tafelwit n tseftit sb : 86

Tirawalt : Tamsertit : ad + amqim awsil sb : 87

Tira n uḍris asegzay

Sb : 91

Amur amezwaru :

Tira n wullis ama d amakun ama icuba ɣer tilawt.

Ad sleɣ i tmacahut, ad tt-ɣreɣ i wakken:

1 - Ad ẓreɣ tamlilt n yal awadem deg wullis.

2 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-gellmen iwudam deg wullis.

3 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-gellmen adeg.

4 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-ikeccem udiwenni deg wullis.

Am

ur a

mez

war

u

Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira

1

- Asafar di lɣar n

waɣzen sb : 08

- Tajeğğigt n wureɣ

sb : 14

- Asefru :

- Sselṭan n Mejbada

sb : 16

Tajerrumt: Talɣa d

twuri n waddad sb : 11

Taseftit : Timeẓra n

umyag sb : 12

Tirawalt: Tizelɣiwin n

tnila sb : 13

Azenziɣ n yimigan deg wullis

2

- maksen sb : 18

- ireg sb : 24

- Asefru :

- Tajewwaqt-iw

sb : 26

Tajerrumt : imattaren

sb : 21

Taseftit: Amyag :

Ifeggagen d tmeẓra

sb : 22

Tirawalt: Asigez sb : 23

Taguri n udiwenni deg wullis

3

- Masensen sb : 28

- Iɣrem n Yirumanen

sb : 34

- Asefru: Taddart n

Leqbayel sb : 36

Tajerrumt: Arbib sb : 31

Taseftit: Amaɣun n

yizri sb : 32

Tirawalt : - Tamsertit :

“i”+ i/y. Sb : 33

Aglam n umdan akked wadeg

�

Tagz

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AḍrisAsafar, di lɣar n Waɣzen i yella

Amacahu, Rebbi ad tt-yesselhu, ad tiɣzif amzun d asaru.

Zik-nni, yella yiwen n ugellid - agellid ɣas Rebbi - yesεa kan arrac. Tameṭṭut-is tra ad d-sεun taqcict. Kkes-d sani ur uwiḍen ulac. Armi dayen teεya ccedda, terna ɣur-sen teqcict, d ayen i d tiziri. Semman-as Tamella. Asmi tuweḍ d tilemẓit, ttasment akk tullas di tfulki-s.

Yiwen wass, ha-tt-a tusa-d yiwet n temɣart, tbedd-d ɣef umnar tessutur tin n Rebbi. Ldin-as-id tawwurt, tekcem, fkan-as ad tečč. Cwiṭ akka wiss d acu i d-teddem seg yiciwi-s, terra-t ɣer daxel n tsebbalt. Yiwen ur as-ifaq. Ziɣ d imsebli i tger ɣer tsebbalt-nni, win yeswan d amezwaru, ad igen, ur mazal ara ad d-yaki. Tessawel-as i yelli-s n ugellid tenna-as : « Awi-d kan ad sweɣ a yelli di leεnaya-m.» Tuwi-as-id aman, mi truḥ ad as-ten-tmekken, tenna-as tnebgiwt-nni n Rebbi : « Sew kan a yelli ad waliɣ, qqaren-d : imi tcebḥeḍ, mi ara tettesseḍ ttbinin-d waman di tgerjumt-im. » Teswa Tmella dɣa imir kan tezder deg yiḍes. Rğan ad d-taki, rğan ad d-taki, ulac. Ikker ugellid iger tiɣri i yimdanen akk n tmurt-is, yenna-asen :

« Ha-tt-a yelli wiss d acu i tt-yuɣen ; tura, ma yella deg-wen win izemren ad d-yaf ayen swayes ara d-taki, ad tt-yaɣ yernu ad t-rreɣ d agellid. »

Kkren wat-tmurt-nni d tirni, yal wa d acu iɣer yesnezgem i wakken ad yuɣal d agellid maca ur yelli win i d-yufan kra n tifrat. Yiwen n yilemẓi d asusam, d uḥric, yeffeɣ taddart, ur yenni i ḥedd. Tiẓgi tettakk-it i tayeḍ, yessaram ad d-yemlil imɣi ara d-yessakin tucbiḥt. Iteddu, iteddu armi iwala iraggen tteffɣen-d seg yiwen n utemmu di tlemmast n teẓgi. Yuẓa ɣur-s, yeldi tawwurt, yekcem yufa amɣar.

Yenna-as : « Greɣ-ak Rebbi ma ur iyi-tenniḍ d acu-k a lxelq ! »Yerra-as-id : « D nekk i wumi qqaren amɣar azemni, ɣur-i i ferrun medden tilufa yekkan

nnig yiɣil-nsen. Ma tella kra n taluft i k-id-yuwin aql-i da. » Yules-as yilemẓi-nni tadyant am wakken tella. Yenna-as-d umɣar-nni :« Ad teqqimeḍ kra n wussan di teẓgi alama d asmi ara tessiwḍeḍ ad d-tekkseḍ timellalin ddaw

tsekkurt ur tettaki. » Dɣa seg wass-nni aqcic-nni iεerreḍ ad ixdem ayen akken i as-yenna umɣar-nni. Maca armi d ass wis sebεa i yessaweḍ yekkes-d timellalin ddaw tsekkurt ur tuki. Yuɣal ɣer umɣar azemni, yenna-as-id : « Ečč timellalin-nni. Azekka di tafrara, rkeb ɣef ugmar-agi amellal, maca ɣurek ! Iḍarren-is n sdat d usem ma d wid n deffir d tirmegt. Aɣ abrid-ik ɣer usgen n Waɣzen, ad d-tekkseḍ imɣi yellan ddaw n usummet-is, d win i d asafar ara yessejjin yelli-s n ugellid. »

9

Yeṭṭef abrid-is. Deg usmenɣer n tiṭ, yuweḍ tamurt n Waɣzen. Yufa zzin-as sebεa leswar i usgen-is. Yeqqen ayis-is, izger i yiɣerban yiwen yiwen. Armi yeɣli yiṭij i yuweḍ. Yesla-as i Waɣzen mi i d-yuweḍ, yesdewnin weḥd-s : « emm… yella win i d-ikecmen akal-iw, ad t-ččeɣ, ččeɣ tamurt iɣef iteddu ». Yeεna yeṭṭes. Uḥric-nni yudef ɣer lɣar n Waɣzen, yuẓa ɣer wanda yeṭṭes, yemmeɣ ad d-yekkes imɣi-nni dɣa iqleb aberdi umcum-nni. Yettermimiz. Ilemẓi-nni tfukk fell-as ddunit. Yerğa armi iwala aseṭṭaf-nni yuɣal ɣer tguni, yekkes-d imɣi ddaw n tsumta-s ur yuki. Izger-d i leswar. Irkeb-d aεudiw, yeṭṭef-d abrid-is d affug. Din-din yuweḍ-d ɣer teɣremt n ugellid. Ddzen imɣi-nni, surgen-as kra n tmeqwa deg wanzaren-is i teqcict dɣa tuki-d amzun d tanafa tawezzlant kan i tesεedda.

Tuzyint yuɣ-itt yilemẓi bu-tebɣest. Yuɣal d agellid ɣef tmurt. Gan tameɣra n sebεa wussan d sebεa wuḍan. Ddren tudert n sser d liser.

Tamacahut-iw tefra am uεeqqa di tferka. Remḍan ΣACUR d Ʃli LEWNIS

Asegzi n wawalen :tra : tebɣaUsem : lebraqTirmegt : rrεud

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Ʃzizet Tmella ɣer yimawlan-is neɣ ala ? Ayɣer ?2. D acu i yeḍran d Tmella ?3. D acu i d tamentilt n wayen i d-yeḍran ?4. Anwa asafar i yessejjin yelli-s n ugellid ?5. Anta tafyirt i d-yessegzayen anwa i d amɣar azemni ?6. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n Tmella.7. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n yilemẓi-nni.8. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n waɣzen.9. Af-d seg wansi i tebda d wanda i tekfa tegnit tamezwarut n tmacahut-a.10. Anwi umlan i d-yettunefken di tegnit-a ?11. Anta tadyant i d-yeslalen taluft ?12. D acu i d-iḍefren tadyant-a mm-taluft ?13. Amek tefra taluft ?14. Seg mi tefra taluft, d acu i d-yeḍran ?15. Anwi iwudam yellan deg uḍris ?16. D acu i ilaqen i Tmella i wakken ad tejji ?17. Anwa i yessawlen i yimdanen akken ad d-afen asafar ?18. Anwa i iruḥen ad t-id-yawi ?19. Anwa i yufa d amalal ?20. D acu i d-yemlal d ugur, ibedd-d mgal-is ?21. Ha-t-a uzenziɣ n yimigan, yal awadem n tmacahut err-it anida iwata

Amazan

Imalalen

Taɣawsa

Anembad

Anermas

Amnamar

Tagzemt 1

ut

10

- Ittakk Rebbi irden - Ittakk Rebbi irden - I i yir tuɣmas.

Tagz

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Amawal

1 - Llan wawalen ilan aṭas n yinumak, yal anamek anta tafyirt ideg d-yettban.

Af-d inumak ila umyag « aɣ » di tefyar-a :

● Wiss d acu i tt-yuɣen ?

● Aɣ abrid-ik ɣer usgen n waɣzen.

● Tuzyint, yuɣ-itt yilemẓi.

Af-d sin yinumak niḍen ila umyag « aɣ», err-it di snat tefyar

2 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris sin yiknawen n wawal « aεudiw ».

3 - Ɣer tabadut i d-iteddun, af-d deg uḍris anwa awal i wumi twata :

Tettwaxdem s taleɣt ; tesεa aεebbuḍ, lqaε, ajmam ; ttarran deg-s aman.

1 - Fren yiwet n tririt :

Agellid : d igellil

d sselṭan

d amɣar

2 - Senfel awalen yettuderren s yiknawen iwatan

● Zik-nni yella yiwen ugellid, agellid ɣas Rebbi.

● Kkes-d sani ur uwiḍen.

● Yudef ɣer lɣar n Waɣzen.

● tra ad d-sεun taqcict.

● Tilufa yekkan nnig yiɣil nsen.

11

Tagzemt 1

ut Tajerrumt

talɣa d twuri n waddad n yisemƔer imedyaten-agi :

● Tbedd ɣef umnar● Yenna-as-d umɣar.● Tger imsebli ɣer tsebbalt.● Tezder deg yiḍes.● Yella yiwen n ugellid yesεa kan arrac.● Zzin leswar i usgen n yizem

Isestanen :1. D acu-ten wawalen-agi yettuderren ?2. Anwa addad ideg llan, d ilelli neɣ d amaruz ?3. D acu i d-yeskanen deg-sen addad-nsen?4. Af-d addad n yal isem tiniḍ-d amek yuleɣ umaruz-is.5. D acu i d tawuri n yal yiwen deg yismawen yettuderren?

Ad cfuɣ

Isem yesεa sin n waddaden: addad ilelli (md: axxam) d waddad amaruz (md: uxxam).Amek yettaleɣ umaruz ? Yettaleɣ :

● S ubeddel n [a] s [u] : abrid ubrid (xas ma neqqar-d webrid)● S tmerna n [w] : awal wawal, udem wudem.● S tmerna n [y] : iles yiles, imensi yimensi (deg umeslay, imensi ulac amaruz).● S uɣelluy n teɣri tamezwarut : tameṭṭut tmeṭṭut, tamurt tmurt.● S ubeddel n teɣri [a] neɣ [i] s [e]: taqcict teqcict, tislatin teslatin.

Melmi yettili yisem d amaruz ? Isem, yettili d amaruz mi ara yili d asemmad asegzay, ama d asemmad n umeskar: (yedda uqcic), ama d asemmad n useɣru arumyig (d uḥric uqcic-a). yettili daɣ d amaruz mi ara yeḍfer tanzeɣt, ama d asemmad s tenzeɣt ( iffeɣ ɣer uzaɣar), ama d asemmad n yisem (yuwi tasarut n tewwurt)Gret tamawt : 1. llan yismawen ur nesεi ara addad: wid ibeddun s tergalt ( fad, laẓ, beṭṭu,

lğib, lqima…) , kra n wuntiyen iwezzlanen : (tama, tala, timmi, tasa…)

2. Ad nettaru: yirgazen, yimdanen xas neqqar-d [yergazen], [yemdanen].

Iluɣma

1. Ger yismawen-a, af-d anwa i d ilelli, anwa i d amaruz : udrar, adfel, ubruri, wuccen, tefsut, tasga, tagrest, tmeddit, izem, yidles.

2. Efk-d amaruz n yal yiwen deg yismawen-a, tiniḍ-d amek yuleɣ : afus, amdan, tamtunt, iɣisi, imɣaren, tafawet.

3. Af-d tawuri n yal awal yettuderren:● Yuwet-d ubruri, yessa-d i udfel.● Yerza ɣer wayla-s, yufa-d timellalin n tsekkurt. ● Yal taggara n yimalas, yettaṭṭaf-d imerga d imeqqranen i yigerdan n udrum-is.

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Taseftit Timeẓra n umyag

Ɣer imedyaten-a● Zik, yella yiwen n ugellid.● Kkes-d sani ur uwiḍen.● Tessutur tin n Rebbi.● Ad tt-yaɣ yernu ad t-rreɣ d agellid.● Sew kan a yelli.

Isestanen :

1 - Af-d imyagen yellan di tefyar-a n ufella.2 - Ini-d anta timeẓri uɣur yefti yal amyag.3 - Amek i tga tigawt i d-yessenfalay yal amyag ?

Ad cfuɣ

Amyag, yezmer ad yefti : - deg yizri, d ilaway neɣ d ibaway : tigawt-is teḍra, temda. - deg wurmir aḥerfi, s « ad » neɣ war « ad » : tigawt-is urεad teḍri, ahat ad teḍru. - deg wurmir ussid : tigawt-is ɣezzifet, tettwallas, d tigawt n tannumi. Yezmer daɣen ad

yefti deg wanaḍ : yessenfalay-d asendeh.

GM : anaḍ ur yettusemma ara d timeẓri n umyag, afeggag n umyag deg wanaḍ am win n wurmir aḥerfi.

Iluɣma

1 - Ini-d deg wacu yefti yal amyag di tefyar-a :

● Nniɣ-as : « Kker », yugi, zzher-iw yeṛwa rray-is.● Ɣurwat a medden ur ttruḥut ara.● Ma yella ttamnen, ttawi ttesbiḥ deg ufus-ik.● Ad ruḥeɣ ad awen-ğğeɣ tamurt yekcem waḍu n tisselbi.● Ay ixef-iw, rfed asefru, nniɣ-ak : « sber, ur ttru ».● Tamaziɣt, teḥwağ lehna, tejreḥ uqbel Ṛṛuman.

2 - Sefti amyag « sel » akked wudem wis 3 n wasuf amalay (netta) deg :● Yizri ilaway● Yizri ibaway● Wurmir aḥerfi● Wurmir ussid.

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Tizelɣiwin n tnila

Ɣer imedyaten-a:

● Maksen, yemmeslay-iyi-d.● Yedda-d gma-s.● Ur zmireɣ ara ad n-azzleɣ, aql-i ḥafi.● Amek! Illa wacu i d-tuwiḍ ?

Isestanen :1. Derrer imyagen n tefyar-agi.2. Anwi awalen i d-yeqqnen ɣer umyag s tezdit?3. Ma neṭṭef tafyirt tis 2, limer ad nekkes tizdit ad ibeddel unamek neɣ ala?4. Acu i d-rennun wawalen-agi i umyag uɣur qqnen?5. Anwa adeg i ttaɣen wawalen-agi?

Ad cfuɣ

Tizelɣiwin n tnila sskanent-d tanila iɣer tettarra tigawt Md : - iruḥ-d - iruḥ-nTazelɣa « d » tettarra tigawt ɣer win yettmeslayen, ma d tazelɣa“n“ tettarra tigawt ɣer win i wumi ttmeslayen.Tizelɣiwin n tnila zewwirent amyag neɣ ṭṭafarent-t.- ad d-yas. - melmi ara d-yas - ur d-yusi - la d-yettawi.- awi-t-id. - ifka-ten-id - yuwi-as-t-in. - ayen i d-iqqimen. - amek i n-iruḥ?Ttarran tizdit:

- ger yimyagen d yiwsilen-nsen : yenna-as. - ger tzelɣiwin n tnila d umyag (ama zwarent ama ggrant) : yusa-d , ad d-yas. - ger yisenkaden d yimqimen iwsilen : aql-i, ha-t. - ger tenzeɣt d uwsil-is: ɣur-sen.

Iluɣma

1 - Err tizdit anda tlaq.

- Ur d yusi, ur d iceyyeε, ur d iruḥ ɣer warraw-is.- Aql i usreɣ am yitbir aksum.- Yuwi as t in.- Ifka ten id- Ayen i d yeqqimen, fkiɣ awen ten.- Ansi i d tusiḍ ay agu, ay agu i d yuwi waḍu?- Ha tt an la tettnadi leεrac.

2 - Efk-d tifyar (imedyaten) i kra n wanda tettili tezdit.

14

Aḍris Tajeğğigt n wureɣ

Tella yiwet n teqcict qqaren-as Lunğa, tufrar-d ger tezyiwin-is di ccbaḥa. Baba-s n Lunğa d agellid. Iḥemmel yelli-s am umemmu n tiṭ-is.

Yiwen wass tuḍen Lunğa, iɣli-d fell-as waṭṭan urğin yelli win i t-issnen. Baba-s iffeɣ-it leεqel, inuda-d akk imsujjiyen n tmurt ur yelli win i as-yufan ixef-is. Agellid yuɣal am umeslub. Iger tiɣri i yimdanen i wakken ad as-id-awin tajeğğigt n wureɣ. Iṛeggem-asen belli win ara tt-id-yawin ad as-yefk yelli-s yernu ad t-yerr d agellid.

Di tmurt-nni, yella yiwen n yilemẓi tuwi Lunğa fell-as iḍes. Iḥemmel-itt, ibɣa ad tt-yaɣ maca netta d igellil. Asmi yesla i teɣri n ugellid ɣas akken yeẓra urğin yelli win yessawḍen ad d-yawi tajeğğigt n wureɣ, yenna-as : « D tagi i d tagnit rğiɣ acḥal ay-a, s tjeğğigt-agi n wureɣ ara awḍeɣ ɣer tjeğğigt n wul-iw, ad tt-id-ssiseɣ neɣ ad mmteɣ deg unadi fell-as ». Yeṭṭef abrid ɣer umɣar azemni. Yenna-as-id umɣar nni : « Ruḥ ɣer udrar aberkan, ad tafeḍ dinna yiwet n tjeğğigt n wureɣ, awi-tt-id i yelli-s n ugellid, ad as-tili d asafar ara tt-issejjin ma irad Rebbi ».

Iruḥ yilemẓi-nni, yuwi yid-s ikerri. Abrid yuɣ yessa d uguren, maca d abrid ara t-issemlilen d tin izedɣen ul-is.Tiɣilt tettakk-it i tayeḍ, amadaɣ yettakk-it i wayeḍ armi yuweḍ. Yufa yiwen yizem yelluẓ, d netta i d aεessas n teẓgi. Mi t-id-israḥ yesla-as iqqar-as « Σuhdeɣ Rebbi ar win ara iyi-id-ifken ad ččeɣ alama ṛwiɣ, ard as-fkeɣ ula d tajeğğigt n wureɣ ». Imir, netta yeffeɣ-d, yefka-as ikerri-nni, yuẓa ɣer tjeğğigt n wureɣ. Tban-as-id tettirriq di tlemmast n udrar aberkan.

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ut Yuɣal-d s tjeğğigt-nni. Yerra ɣer teɣremt n ugellid, isali yuɣ-d akk tamurt dɣa usan-

d yimezdaɣ ad ḥedren i tedyant. Yufa agellid, imsujjiyen, amɣar azemni, akked uɣref d tirni ttrağun-t. Ifka-as tajeğğigt i Lunğa, yeffeɣ-itt waṭṭan.

Tamurt tedhen-itt tumert. Sebεa wussan d sebεa wuḍan d tameɣra. Ilemẓi-nni i yellan d aẓawali, yuɣal d agellid yerna yufa ul n wul-is. Agellid, tura, iffeɣ-it uɣbel : netta tuweḍ-d tallit ad isgunfu ; yelli-s akked tmurt-is ger yifassen n laman i llan.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. S wacu i tufrar Lunğa ɣef tezyiwin-is?2. Acu tegziḍ di tefyirt-a: Iḥemmel yelli-s am umemmu n tiṭ-is?3. Anwa arraz i iṛeggem ugellid i win ara as-id-yawin asafar i yelli-s?4. Acu yessawḍen ilemẓi-nni ad inadi ɣef usafar ara yessejjin Lunğa?5. Anwi uguren i d-yemlal?6. Yessaweḍ yuwi-d asafar neɣ ala?7. Amek yexdem?8. Amek i as-id-ggran wussan?9. Af-d awalen (d ismawen neɣ d irbiben) i d-yettalsen abdar n Lunğa.10. Af-d imataren udmawanen i d-yettalsen abdar n Lunğa.11. Semres isenfalen ama d ismawen ama d irbiben ama d imataren ama d iwsilen swayes ara tekkseḍ

allus ur nwata ara. Tzemreḍ daɣen ad tekkseḍ awalen i ilaqen ad ttwakksen :

Masin d ilemẓi, iḥemmel Taseεdit. Taseεdit tra aqefḍan ur yegzim lemqes ur txaḍ tsegnit. Iruḥ Masin ad d-yawi aqefḍan i Tseεdit. Yuwi-d aqefḍan. Yefka aqefḍan Masin i Tseεdit.

III) Azenziɣ n yimigan d tegnatin n wullis1 - Suffeɣ-d tignatin n tmacahut Tajeğğigt n wureɣ.2 - Suffeɣ-d aɣawas n yimigan yellan di tmacahut Tajeğğigt n wureɣ..

Ad cfuɣ

Asmekti : s umata, di tmacahut, ttilint, kradet n tegnatin :- tagnit tamezwarut, ttilin deg-s yisalan yerzan akud, adeg d yiwudam ; ur d-ḍerrunt ara deg-

s tedyanin.- tagnit tis snat : talalit n taluft + tigawin + ferru n taluft- tagnit n taggara : tettemcabi ɣer tmezwarut xas akken ur tent-kifkif ara. Ulac deg-s taluft. Yal awadem deg wullis, ladɣa di tmacahut, ila tamlilt, yella :- win neɣ tin yuznen i wakken ad d-yettwaḍebber kra.- win neɣ tin ara yeṭṭfen ayen akken i d-yettwaḍebbren.- taɣawsa-nni i ilaqen ad d-tettwaḍebber.- anembaḍ: win neɣ tin i d-yuwin taɣawsa (imɣi)- imalalen: win neɣ tin neɣ ayen iεawnen anembaḍ- imnamaren: win neɣ tin neɣ ayen i d-yufa d ugur unembaḍ.

Imeskaren

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AsefruSselṭan n Mejbada

Deg yidurar n Mejbada,Yiwen sselṭan mechur,Deg uzal ineqq at-tmira,Mi d deg-yiḍ ad isxerxur.Ur iṛewwu tanafa ;Ɣas mi ten-yurgaAd as-rẓen aqecrur

Ikker-d deg yiḍ yettsuɣu,yusa-d ɣur-s lewzir-is.Inna-as : « Ay ahruḥu, Taluft-a yeḍher yixef-is.Tamurt-a, ad tt ynemḥu,Yiwen ur ileḥḥu,Imir-nni ad ifru ccɣel-is ».

Ula d yiwen ur d-yettagarDi ccɣel-is ad ineqqi.Dayen ad ixlu tuddarI wakken ad yetthenni.Lewzir-is ur t-ittnamar,Iɣli ɣef tgecrar,Ula d acu ara d-yini.

Isestanen :

1. Asefru-a d tamacahut :a - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit tamezwarut.b - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit tis snat.c - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit n taggara.

2. Sselṭan n Mejbada, d asnaraf (amesbaṭli) neɣ d uɣdim (aḥeqqi) ? Kkes-d seg uḍris ayen swayes ara tesbeddeḍ tiririt inek.

3. Mi akken ineqq at-tmira, sselṭan, yettaf talwit neɣ ala ?

4. Amek yexdem i wakken ad yetthenni ?

5. Seg mi yenɣa wid akk yettidiren di tmurt-nni, yufa talwit neɣ ala ?

6. Mejbada d tamurt yellan di tilawt neɣ d amedyaz kan i tt-id-yesnulfan

Yenɣa akk kra d-yeqqimen,Aqcic, argaz, tameṭṭut.S umɣar s win d-ilulen,Isukk akk, deg-sen tafrut.Ulli, iɣyal, uccanen,Iwtal, izmawen…Win ara imeḍlen yemmut.

Yeqqim tameddit-nni, Ala lewzir d amwanes.Ha-t-ayen la d-yettmekti,Yeɣli-d yiḍ, yezzi ɣur-s :Ur ttixir ara syagi !Tura keččini,Enɣ-iyi ma qqleɣ s iḍes.

Muḥend u Yeḥya,

Isuɣel-d aḍris n Prevert

« le sultan du Cachemir »

17

Agellid

Imalalen

Ayefki n tsedda di teglimt n mmi-s

Ilemẓi iran yelli-s n ugellid

Tameṭṭut n ugellid

Imnamaren

Tagzemt 1

ut D nekk ara yarun

1- Suffeɣ-d azenziɣ n yimigan yellan di tmacahut-a, rnu ssuffeɣ-d tignatin n wullis.

Zik-nni, yella yiwen n ugellid, d tullas kan i yesεa. Yessi-s, di sebεa uwlent akkit. Netta, iḥulfa d lawan ad d-yaf win ara yuɣalen deg umkan-is. Yebda iferren ger yiḍulan-is anwa ara yerr d agellid. Yettnadi ad iẓer anwa deg-sen i yuklalen ad yuɣal deg umkan-is.

Yiwen wass, igrew-iten-id yenna-asen : « Aql-i uḍneɣ aṭṭan diri-t ; tura, ad awen-sutreɣ ad iyi-id-tawim ayen ara yi-issejjin. Ɣef wakken ssneɣ, anagar tteffaḥ i d-izegren i sebεa yillen i d asafar iwatan ».

Kkren, yirgazen-nni di sebεa, ṭṭfen abrid ɣer tmurt urğin ssinen. Kkes-d amek ur swakkṛen, ur ssawḍen ara ad d-afen amek ara zegren i yillen-nni.

Yiwen ger yiḍulan n ugellid, yerza ɣer uftis n yilel, yettεassa dinna. Yeggar tamawt i kra yellan. Yiwet n tikkelt di tafrara, yendekwal-d, yessaki-t-id ssut n yiferrawen. Yessakked, yufa d igider anect ila-t. Yerza ɣer umɣar azemni : « A baba amɣar azemni, af-iyi-d amek ara zegreɣ ». Yemla-as-id umɣar-nni.

Yezla azger aberqac. Yekkes-d seg-s sebεa tecriḥin. Yuweḍ ɣer tama n yilel amezwaru, yettrağu dinna armi iwala igider-nni. Yenna-as : « Σahed-iyi s Rebbi ar d iyi-tzegreḍ. Nekk, si tama-w εuhdeɣ-k ar-d tawiḍ tunṭict”. Yeqbel yigder-nni.Yerkeb ger wafriwen-is. Yal mi zeggren yiwen n yilel ad as-yefk yiwet n tecriḥt. Akken, akken, armi d ilel wis sebεa ; iruḥ ad as-imekken tacriḥt dɣa teɣli-as. Amek ara yexdem ? Yeṭṭef lmus igzem-d tacriḥt si tqesbuḍt-is. Akken i as-tt-yefka, yenna-as-id yigider-nni : « Emm… merriɣet. Limer mačči d lemεahda n Rebbi ad ak-bruɣ ɣer ger tangiwin ». Izger-it, yuwi-d tteffaḥ-nni. Mi i d-yuweḍ, yufa-d islifen-nni-ines ttrağun-t, yenna-asen : « Ad awen-fkeɣ tteffaḥ ad t-tawim, maca ad awen-id-kkseɣ tifednin nwen timecṭaḥ. Ma d nekk ur tedduɣ ara ». Qeblen. Ruḥen d tazzla ɣer ugellid ad awin cciεa. Yesnezgim ugellid d acu n yirem niḍen swayes ara d-yaf anwa iẓewren. Ur-din akka, ḥa-t-a yuweḍ-d uḍewwal-nni i d-yuwin tteffaḥ-nni. Yenna-as i ugellid : « D nekk i d-yuwin tteffaḥ ay agellid ». Islifen-nni-ines nekṛen-t akk. Yuwet ɣer uqrab-is, ijbed-d tifednin-nni. Yenna-as i ugellid : « Ini-asen tura ad ak-d sseknen ma sεan tifednin timecṭaḥ ». Yessuter deg-sen ugellid ad as-id-mlen akk iḍarren-nsen, dɣa widak tessebleε-iten lqaεa.

Yuɣal d agellid. Usan-d akk wat-tmurt unzen-as.

2 - Aru-d tamacahut s uzenziɣ n yimigan-a :

Asegzi :Swikkeṛ : mi ara tekkreḍ i wayen umi ur tezmireḍ ara. Iknawen-is : mεireḍ, swatterIrem (seg arem) : εreḍ, d ayen swayes ara tjerrbeḍ kra neɣ alebeεḍ .

1�

AḍrisMaksen

Zik-nni llan sin watmaten d igujilen. Nḥafen aṭas

yerna zgan muɣebnen, imi urğin ččin ad ṛwun.

Yiwen yiḍ, inɣa-ten laẓ, rnan fad akked usemmiḍ armi ula d iḍes yejla-asen. Kkren ttxemmimen amek ara xedmen akken ad ffɣen si liḥala ideg ttilin. Anarag-nsen d anesbaɣur: addaynin-is iwerrek d ulli d tɣeṭṭen, aqwir-is, yeččur d igumma d yizegza, nutni isenzef-iten laẓ.

Tigullelt, tessencaf : degmi sin n watmaten ffɣen seg uxxam, ṭṭfen abrid n lexla. Yiwen yuwi yid-s acekkar, wayeḍ d tafrut.

Amezwaru yerra s addaynin n unarag-nsen yettnadi ɣef yikerri amegrus. Ma d wayeḍ, yudef s aqwir, yebda agzam n yizegza, yettarra ɣer ucekkar. Anarag, yesla i kra n lḥess ɣer berra, yessawel i mmi-s : ɣur-k kan!

- Ṛuḥ ẓer acu akka yesderbizen deg uqwir, glu s uydi-nni. Aydi-nni ssawalen-as Maksen. Di berra, d tillas timḍellas. Mi yeldi uqcic tawwurt n uqwir, yessawel : « Maksen! Maksen! »

Amakar amezwaru yellan deg uddaynin yerra-as-d : « aql-i da! »

Imi d tillas timḍellas, aqcic ur iwala ara anwa i as-d- yerran awal, iɣil d aydi-nni-ines. Tekcem-it tergagayt, yerwel s axxam s tazzla. Iwala-t-id baba-s, yenna-as: « D acu i k-yuɣen »?

- Maksen, imeslay-iyi-d. s yixef n yemma ar d tidet.

- Maksen? Aydi-nneɣ?

- Siwel-as kečč, ad twaliḍ.

Bab n uxxam, yeffeɣ-d yettḥeyyer, dɣa yessawel!

- Maksen!

- Yerra-as-d umakar: « ih! Aql-i da! »

Yewhem urgaz, yettḥeyyer deg wayen yesla.

« A mmi, urğin sliɣ neɣ ẓriɣ ay-agi!

- Azzel, ruḥ ɣer Baba-Amɣar n taddart, ini-as ad d-yas yerna ad d-yeglu s nnesxa-nni-ines.

Aqcic yuɣ-as awal i baba-s, yuzzel din-din.

- A baba-amɣar, teḍra tɣawsa deg uxxam-nneɣ tessewham. La ak-yeqqar baba: « As-d tegluḍ-d s nnesxa-k. »

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- Ur zmireɣ ara ad azzleɣ yid-k, aql-i ḥafi.

Yerra-as uqcic:« ad k-bibbeɣ ». Yeddem-it uqcic ɣef tuyat-is, igzem-d s temɣawla s axxam. Deg ubrid i d-uwin i llan yimakaren-nni.

- Amakar-nni, igezzmen igumma d yizegza, iwala Baba-Amɣar mebεid iɣil d gma-s, dɣa yebda yessaram, yenna-as : « Amek! Illa wacu i d-tuwiḍ ? »

Aqcic i d-yeddan d Baba-Amɣar, mi yesla i usiwel, iɣil d baba-s i as-d-yessawlen, yerra-as : « ih! Yella.»

- « Ḍegger-it-id. Tafrut-agi-inu, ha-tt-an temsed akken ilaq, awi-t-id ad as-kkseɣ amegreḍ »

Baba-Amɣar, kfan deg-s yifadden, ineggez-d ɣer lqaεa, yefka-tt d tarewla. Maca aqendur-is yeṭṭef-as ufurek, ur yezmir ara ad d-yuɣal ɣer-s ad t-id-yekkes, ikemmel kan akken d tarewla.

Mi d-yeffeɣ umakar s yikerri seg uddaynin, yufa-d aqendur ɣef ẓẓerb, yewhem, irfed-it-id, dɣa yessawel i gma-s i d-yuwin acekkar n yigumma d yizegza, ad d-yas ɣur-s, ad uɣalen s axxam.

Uɣalen-d yimakaren s axxam, s ucmumeḥ d teḍsa, qqlen d inesbuɣar.

Akken qqaren wat zik, win irun tanezzayt, yezmer ad yeḍs tameddit

Odilon Redon, Arbre et Etoiles

Yessuɣel-it-id Ʃ. LEWNIS

Iwerrek : yeččur armi d ulamek, imelles.Amegrus : win yeṛwan

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Amek tettwaliḍ tanmegla ger tudert n sin watmaten d unarag nsen?2. Melmi teḍra tedyant-agi ?3. Acu n wawalen i d-yesskanen aya?4. Ayen ɣer Baba-Amɣar n taddart i yuzen urgaz mmi-s? 5. Acuɣer ur d-yeddi ara yid-s umɣar d umatu?6. Ayen i d-yettarra awal umakar i uqcic d baba-s mi sawlen Maksen? 7. Isem «Maksen» d awal uddis, amek yuleɣ ?8. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan ?9. Acu i d tawsit n umur amezwaru (tseddart 1ut) n uḍris?10. Anwi i d iwudam ixataren ?11. Muqel asigez n uḍris tiniḍ-d melmi i nerra : tajerriḍt sdat tefyar.12. Acu i aɣ-d-sskanent tusligin di tefyar ?13. Anda i tent-nettarra?14. Amek i as-neqqar i wanaw-agi n uḍris?15. Acu n temsirt i tzemreḍ ad tt-tafeḍ di tefyirt taneggarut? 16. Acu yugten deg uḍris, d tasiwelt neɣ d adiwenni ?

D umatu : din-din, imir kan.

Tagzemt tis2

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Amawal

1 - Suffeɣ-d si tseddart tamezwarut n uḍris sin wawalen ilan yiwen unamek, syin err-iten di tefyar.

2 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris aktawal n tigullelt tiniḍ-ḍ amek-itt tudert n sin watmaten.

3 - Af-d anamek n umyag « ṭṭef » di yal tafyirt.● Sin watmaten ṭṭfen abrid n lexla.● Aqcic-ina yeṭṭef-d amergu.● Yeṭṭef-d takarḍa n Yennayer.● Ma yeṭṭef awal ur as-iberru.● Ṭṭef imi-k.● Yeṭṭef-aɣ ṭṭlam di teẓgi.● Tameṭṭut-agi teṭṭef addud.● Iselsa-agi ṭṭfen-iyi sin n yiseggasen.● Asmi akken ur xeddmeɣ ara d netta i iyi-ṭṭfen afus.● Iṭṭef-d s gma-s.● Yeṭṭef-iyi wudem-ik.● Ur yettaṭṭaf ara udfel d tama n yilel.● Akken kan iwala izem yeṭṭef-itt d tarewla.

4 - Awal « amakar » d isem n umeskar yuleɣ s tmerna n uzwir « am » : am+ aker.- Nadi deg uḍris isem n umeskar niḍen, ad yili yuleɣ s uzwir niḍen.

5 - Efk-d isem n umeskar i d -yeffɣen seg wawalen-agi.

Idir

Eks

Urar

Izmir

Issin

6. Qqen yal isem ɣer unamek-is (d aqcic i d-yettmeslayen)

Isem n timmarewt Anamek-is

Baba YemmaGmaUletmaΣemmtiXaltiAyawTayawt

- Gma-s n baba- D yelli-s n uletma- D nettat i yi-d-yurwen- Gma-s n yemma- Baba-s n baba- Mmi-s n uletma- mmi-s n yemma - D netta i yi-d-yeğğan

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Tajerrumt

ImattarenƔer imedyaten-a :

● D acu i k-yuɣen?● Yella wacu i d-tuwiḍ ?

Isestanen :1. Acu-t wanaw n tefyirt-agi? 2. Acu i t-id-yemmalen?3. Anwa awal swayes tebda?4. Acu i d-yemmal wawal-agi?5. Amek i as-qqaren?

Ad cfuɣ

Llant snat n tefyar timattarin: - Yiwet s umattar. Md: anwa argaz i d-yusan? - Tayeḍ mebla amattar. Md: ad tedduḍ azekka?

Amattar yezmer ad d-yas weḥd-s di tazwara n tefyirt. md: Acu teččiḍ? Neɣ ad t-id-tezwir « d » n tilawt. D acu i d-yuwi ? neɣ tanzeɣt « n ». N wacu-ten yidrimen-a?Asesten yezmer ad d-yawi :

- ɣef wadeg : - anda yezdeɣ ?- ɣef wakud : - melmi ara d-yaweḍ ?- ɣef tɣara : - amek iga ?- ɣef tesmekta : - acḥal n yidlisen i teɣriḍ ?

Ha-ten-i kra n yimattaren : anwa, anta, anwi, anti, acu, anda, melmi, sani, ayɣer, acuɣef, acuɣer, acimi, ukkud, swayes, uɣur, amek ... ?

Iluɣma

1. Err amattar iwatan anda yella yilem.Amek , anda, acḥal, ayen, sani, anwa, acu, anta,

● …… iga daxel, uxxam-ina ?● …… i d-yusan ɣur-wen iḍelli?● ….. .. ara tenseḍ ?● ….. .. ur d-tusiḍ ara ɣer tmeɣra n gma-k?● ……. i t-yuɣen ugrud-ina mi la yettru ?● …….. i d tamurt-ik ?● …….. i d azal n tkerrust-ina ?● …….. i terriḍ ?

2. Semres imattaren-agi di tefyar.Acu, amek, anwa, anti, acuɣer, uɣur, ayen, ukkud.

3. Aql-ik d amsaltu. Efk-as 8 n yisestanen, i umenhar n tkerrust ixedmen tawaɣit deg ubrid, ɣef lekwaɣeḍ, arured, adeg, tazwarayt, atg. Semres imattaren iwatan.

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Taseftit

Amyag : ifeggagen d tmeẓraƔer imedyaten-a:

● Tuḍen Lunğa.● Ur tuḍin ara Lunğa.● Ad taḍen Lunğa.● Tettaḍen Lunğa.

Isestanen :1. Af-d amyag yellan di tefyar-agi.2. Suffeɣ-d imataren udmawanen iman-nsen, ifeggagen daɣen iman-nsen.3. Acḥal n yifeggagen i yesεa ihi umyag “aḍen”?4. Sefti imyagen sel, gen, muqel d wudem wis 03 n wasuf amalay (netta), d tmeẓra irkelli,

rnu suffeɣ-d afeggag. (ẓer tafelwit)

Amyag Izri Afeggag Izri ibaway Afeggag Urmir Afeggag Urmir ussid Afeggag

Sel

Gen

Muqel

Ad cfuɣ

Llan yimyagen sεan 04 n yifeggagen, yal timeẓri s ufeggag-is: afeggag deg yizri, wayeḍ deg yizri ibaway, wayeḍ deg wurmir aḥerfi, wayeḍ deg wurmir ussid. D amedya : amyag aḍen. - Llan yimyagen yesεan kan tlata n yifeggagen, ur ttgen ara amgarad ger yizri d wurmir

(Md: yekrez / ad yekrez).

- Llan daɣen yimyagen sεan kan sin yifeggagen: yiwen ufeggag deg yizri d yizri ibaway d wurmir, afeggag niḍen deg wurmir ussid (Md: imuqel, ur imuqel, ad imuqel / ittmuqul).

Iluɣma

1 - Smel imyagen-agi ɣef kradet n taggayin:Ruḥ, wali, ečč, sew, ẓer, gen, ini, ɣiwel, gzem, aru, fru, ddu, hudd, ɣurr, ali, anef.

Wid ilan sin n yifeggagen Wid ilan krad n yifeggagen Wid ilan ukkuẓ n yifeggagen

1 - Ha-ten-ad yifeggagen, af-d anta timeẓri ideg ttilin: (am umedya amezwaru)

Sew: swi d afeggag ɣer yizri (swiɣ) ɣer yizri ibaway (ur swiɣ, ur neswi) .Ẓer: ẓra,Mel: mla,Fren: ferren,Ali: ttali,

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Yenna-as Ccix d leflaniI netta wi as-yennan

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Tirawalt Asigez

Ɣer imedyaten-a:● Masensen, d agellid n Yimaziɣen.● Yuker, ḥedreɣ ; yeggul, umneɣ.● Acu i tebɣiḍ ay aderɣal? D tafat.● Yenna-as: « A baba, uwten-aɣ », yenna-as: « A mmi εeqlen-aɣ ».● Inqer-d yiṭij, iḥuza-d akk adrar; agu yennerfad.● Aṭas i ččiɣ ass-agi: seksu, aɣrum, udi, tamemt…● Tgerrez lqahwa-agi-nwen!

Isestanen :1. S wacu bdant tefyar-agi?2. S wacu fukkent?3. Acḥal n yisɣilen n usigez i yellan? 4. Acu i d tamlilt-nsen di tira?5. Ma nekkes-iten, amek ara yili uḍris?

Ad cfuɣ

Deg umeslay, anya d uẓawan n taɣect n umdan rennun-d anamek i tefyirt. Yezmer ad d-yesteqsi neɣ ad d-yefk isali neɣ ad d-imel yewhem di kra neɣ iεğeb-it kra s unya d uẓawan n taɣect. Maca di tira, ur d-tettbin ara taɣect, daymi ttarran medden isɣalen n usigez. Asigez, d tagrumma n yisɣalen i d-yessisdiden anamek n tefyirt, di tira. isɣalen usigez d wi:

Agaz (.) agaz n ubhat (!), agaz n usesten (?), sin wagazen (:), agazen n wagal (…), agaz d tefrayt (;), tafrayt (,). Isɣalen-agi, ɣur-sen mennaw n twuriwin. Ttilin ger wawalen neɣ ger taggayin n wawalen neɣ ger tefyar.

Agaz: di taggara n tefyirt tamseɣrut neɣ timsendeht. Agazen n wagal: mi ara tili tesgunfut maca takti neɣ ameslay mazal ur ifukk ara. Agaz n usesten: di taggara n tefyirt n usesten. Agaz n ubhat: di taggara n tefyirt i d-yessenfaliyen afrayen (awham, aεğab, urrif). Agaz d tefrayt: daxel n tefyirt mi ara tili tesgunfut tugar tin n tefrayt maca ur tuwiḍ ara am tin n wagaz. Tafrayt: mi ara tili tesgunfut d tawezzlant mliḥ. Sin wagazen, semrasen-ten mi ara d-sfehmen kra neɣ mi ara d-arun ayen i d-yenna walbeεḍ.

Iluɣma

1- Err asɣal n usigez iwatan deg wadeg n (/) Mi yuweḍ/ yufa imawlan-is zwarent/ anida teqqimeḍ akka/ netta yusa-d zik/ ma d kečč

tensiḍ dinna/wissen ma t-id-yawi/ akka i d tamurt/ ɣurek imakaren/ Ayrad d Umayas sεeddan yennayer di tmurt / nutni d twaculin nsen/

2- Sigez aḍris-agi.Yiwet n tikkelt izga-d Remḍan deg unebdu lɣaci la d as-meggren i Ccix d tiwizi ha-t-a yuweḍ-

d yiwen uxuni yenna-as anεem a Ccix di taddart-ina walan aggur ččan Ccix yezzi s imeggaren yenna-asen Ččet Isla ccix Sadeq n Ugni n Teslent irkeb imir-nni iruḥ ɣer Ccix mi yuweḍ yenna-as

A Muḥend tenniḍ i zeyyar ad ččenYenna-as nniɣ-asenA Muḥend wi ak-yennan ass-a d Lεid

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AḍrisIreg

Zik-nni di tmurt n Tegzirt n Tafukt, yella yiwen urgaz irwel-d si lḥebs, ttnadin-t yimsulta. Yiwet n tikkelt, usan-d ɣer-s ad t-awin, irwel-asen. Maca uwten-t s kra n tersasin ugsen-t deg

uḍar, yerwel-asen yerra ɣer uxxam n Gelden, yaf-n mmi-s Ireg, d agrud n 10 n yiseggasen, weḥd-s deg uxxam, yeẓẓel ɣef tuga, yeẓẓiẓin i yiṭij.

Iqerreb unaggas ɣer Yireg, yenna-as:- Kečč d mmi-s n Gelden?- D mmi-s ih!- Nekk d amnafeq, ha-ten-i ḍefren-iyi-d yimsulta, ɣiwel ffer-iyi, ur zmireɣ ara ad lḥuɣ. - Acu ara d-yini baba ma ffreɣ-k netta ur yeẓri - Ad ak-yini txedmeḍ ayen yelhan - Anda tezriḍ? - Ɣiwel ffer-iyi, ha-ten-i uwḍen-d - Suggem ar d-yaweḍ baba - Ad gganiɣ? A tiwri-w! Tura kan ad d-ḍillen.Ɣiwel ffer-iyi neɣ ad k-nɣeɣ.Ireg, ur yuggad ara, yerra-as :- Amrig-ik d ilem, ifukk deg-s ṛṛsas.- Ɣur-i ajenwi. - Maca ur tezmireḍ ara ad tazleḍ am nekk! Dɣa yeggug cwiṭ fell-as.- Ur telliḍ ara d mmi-s n Gelden, keččini! - Ad iyi-teğğeḍ ad ttwaṭṭfeɣ d tama n uxxam-nwen? Agrud, tergagi-d tasa-s mi yesla i yimeslayen-agi.- Acu ara iyi-d-tefked ma ffreɣ-k?Amnafeq inuda akk leğiban-is ur yufi kra yelha ad as-t-yefk.

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Ireg yecmumeḥ mi iwala idinaren, yeṭṭef-iten-id dɣa yenna-as i umnafeq:« Ur ttaggad. » Imir kan ixdem-as-d yiwen uwrus deg uddamus n usaɣur yella yers d tama n uxxam.Yekcem umnafeq ɣer daxel, idel-it uqcic maca yeğğa-as ansi ara yesnuffes. Yessemsawi

asaɣur-nni akken ur ttfiqin ara yimsulta dinna ay yeffer urgaz-nni.Iruḥ yuwi-d tamcict d warraw-is, isers-iten s ufella akken ur ttarran ara yimsulta tidmi-nsen

ɣer dinna. ikker yesfeḍ timiqwa n yidamen i d-yengin seg uḍar n urgaz-nni. Mi ifukk yuɣal ad yeẓẓiẓen i yiṭij.

Prosper MERIMEE, Mateo falcone. Yessuɣel-it-id : Ʃli LEWNIS

Asegzi :

Tiwri : deεwessuIggug : ibεed

Anaggas : amejruḥ

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Melmi teḍra tedyant-agi?2. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan?3. Anda teḍra tedyant-agi?4. Ayen yerra umnafeq s axxam n Gelden?5. Anwa udem swayes i t-iqubel Yireg?6. Ireg yeffer amnafeq. Ayen ?7. Anda ifukk wullis?8. Anda i d-yekcem udiwenni?9. Melmi yettili udiwenni?10. Acu yugten deg uḍris-a, d ullis neɣ d adiwenni ?11. Melmi ttarran tajerriḍt di tazwara ?12. Acu i d-tesskan tjerriḍt-agi daɣen ?

Ad cfuɣ

Deg wullis, ameskar yezmer, ad d-iger ameslay ger yiwudam. Ameslay-agi ger sin neɣ mennaw n yiwudam, qqaren-as : adiwenni

Imyagen swayes i d-yeggar unallas adiwenni deg wullis d wi : ini (yenna, nnan-as…) err (yerra-s). Yezmer ad d-yales imeslayen n yiwudam am wakken i ten-id-nnan. D amedya (Yenna-d : « Ad d-aseɣ azekka. » neɣ ad ten-id-yales s yimeslayen-is netta.

D amedya : yenna-d ad d-yas, azekka.

- Mi ara ten-id-yini akken i ten-id-nnan yiwudam ; di tira, ttilin sin n wagazen uqbel inaw n yiwudam, (:), yezmer daɣen ur yessexdam ara imyagen( yenna-as, yerra-as), yal mi ara yedkel awal uwadem niḍen, ad tili tjerriḍt di tazwara n yinaw n uwadem-nni.

- Ameslay n yiwudam, yettuɣal ger tusligin : « »

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Asefru

Tajewwaqt-iw

Yella yiwen n umedyaz yesεa sin n yijewwaqen: yiwen d ameqqran, wayeḍ d ameẓẓyan.Yezga yettawi-ten yid-s. Ɣur-s yiwet n tmazirt yettɣimi dinna icennu, yettawi-d isefra.

Yiwen wass, yuli-d ɣer lqahwa, yenna-asen ad as-d-fken lattay. Yessers ajewwaq ameẓẓyan ɣer tama, ameqqran-nni ɣer tama niḍen. Ha-t-a yusa-d yiwen umeddakkel-is yerkeḍ ɣef ujewwaq-nni ameqqran yerẓa-as-t, dɣa yekker umedyaz yenna-as:

Ay afrux a mmi-s n lefḥelMa ad tsiḥeḍ ɣiwelAwi-iyi-d lexbar d ukyis

A wlidi aql-aɣ netthewwel Ula i nessawelImi d baba yekfa ṣṣut-is

Yerẓa-t yizem n sswaḥelI d-rebbaɣ yekmelWiss amek armi ibeddel wul-is

Muḥend Saεid IHERMAC

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan ?2. Anwa yettmeslayen di tseddart 1ut ?3. I di tseddart tis 24. I di tseddart tis kradet?5. Amek tfehmem awal “ad tsiḥeḍ”?6. Melmi tsiḥin medden?7. Ayen i t-yesserwes ɣer ufrux?8. I wumi yettmeslay umedyaz di tseddart 1ut?9. Ayen yettnadi umedyaz ɣef lexbar ukyis? 10. Acuɣer i d-yessemres udem 1ru n usget? 11. Ɣer wacu yettarra wawal « ṣṣut »?12. Ayen i t-id-yessemres umedyaz ihi?13. Ayen i tjewwaqt i wumi yessawel mačči i urgaz-nni?14. Isuref-as umedyaz i umdan-nni neɣ ala?15. Amek i d-yessken urrif-is ɣef tmerẓiwt-nni?16. Anwi awalen i d-yemmalen ayagi deg uḍris?17. Anwi awalen deg usefru i d-yesskanen azal meqqren i sεan yijewwaqen ɣer umedyaz?18. Anwa aktawal yellan s tuget deg uḍris?19. Acu i d-yesskanen leḥzen n umedyaz?

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D nekk ara yarun

1 - Deg uḍris-a, tlata yiɣersiwen, ttmeslayen gar-asen. Af-d ayen i d-yenna yal yiwen deg-sen. Ales tira i uḍris. Err-as asigez tesqeεdeḍ tiririyin akken i d-tuwi ad qeεdent.

Di tillay-nni n zik azger aramul yettidir di teẓgi netta d yiɣersiwen. Yal tameddit mi ara iruḥ ad d-isew isell-asen mi ttmeslayen ɣef yiwen uɣersiw ur nettwassen qqaren-as « amdan ».

Yenna-as yilef : yeẓwer!

Yerna-as-d ubareɣ : yeḥrec!

Yenna-as uzrem : d anezmar!

2 - Err-as asigez iwatan i udiwenni-agi.

Yiwwas iwala Ccix yiwen la yettazzal mebεid. Inṭeq, yenna-asen

I syin akkinna acu akka la ixeddem wihinNnan-as anεem a ccix la yettazzalYenna-asen Ccix i syin akin yesleb wihinNnan-as ayen anεem a ccixYenna-asen i wihin la yettazzalen, ma d ayen s iketben i yuggad ad as-irwel, neɣ d ayen ur as-nektib i yeḍmeε ad t-yelḥeqNnan-as anεem a ccix, ahat isεa Ccɣel.Yenna-as Ccix

Ayen iketben ur ifutAyen ur nektib ɣas nfu-t

Mulud MΣEMMRISeg : Yenna-as Ccix Muḥend

sb 134

3. Tebɣiḍ ad tesεeddiḍ kra n wussan n usgunfu ɣer yiri n yilel, tmeslayeḍ-as i yemma-k. Sugen-d adiwenni ɣef temsalt-a, err-as asigez iwatan

- Akken yella wass,yeks-it umeksa.

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2�

AḍrisMasensen

Masensen, udem-is, yedda-d ɣef

yidrimen i d-yessuffeɣ netta akked

wid i d-tessuffeɣ tedfert-is.Ɣas akken

tugniwin-nni, ur d-mmalent ara akken

ilaq tifras n wudem-is ; ɣef wakken i

d-yettban, ad yili ger rebεin d xemsin

n yiseggasen. Allen-is, d timeqqranin.

Timmi-s, teččur. Acebbub, yeččur

yerna yebren. Tamart-is, d taɣezzfant,

d taqeṭṭεant.

Ɣef wakken d-qqaren, asmi

meẓẓi, yezyen ayen din. Tibeddi-s,

d taɣezzfant. Tafekka-s, d tuntimt ;

yeqqim akken yeğhed ula d asmi

wesser. Yezmer ad yesεeddi ass d

ummid, si tnezzayt ar tameddit, s

yibeddi neɣ ɣef uεrur n wayis. Yuweḍ

tmanyin n yiseggasen, mazal-it weḥd-

s i yettali ɣef wayis ; yerna am netta

am wat-tmurt-is, ur iḥemmel ara ad as-yerr tarikt. Ur yelli d acu swayes yesburruy i uqerru-is

ɣef ugeffur d usemmiḍ. Asmi yekker yimenɣi d Yiqerṭajiyen, ɣas yuweḍ tmanya-u-tmanyin n

yiseggasen di leεmer, d netta ay inebḍen igen-ines deg unnar n umennuɣ. Azekka-nni, yerza-

d ɣur-s umenkud n Ṛum, Scipion Emilien, yufa-t-id ibedd sdat yihen-ines, yeṭṭef deg ufus-is

tiḥdert n uɣrum, d tina kan ay d imekli-ines. […].

Masensen, ur yessin ara d acu ay d tuggdi ; teqqur tasa-s. Ṭṭbiεa-s, tezdi aṭas n tenmegliwin.

Ɣas meqqer wayen uɣur yessaram deg tsertit d leḥkem, mi ara d-teḥder twaɣit, ur isedrag ara

iman-is ; ikeccem deg umennuɣ d amezwaru. Mi ara iger deg ṭṭrad, yettawi yid-s iḍan, ttḥaraben

fell-as. Win ara t-iwalin amek yettqabal leεtab d laẓ, am netta, am uneggaru deg yimnayen-is,

ur as-yeqqar ara akk d agellid ; ad as-id-iban amzun d aqerru n taddart kan. Maca, seg tama

niḍen, deg Sirṭa, tamaneɣt n tgelda-ines, d tiɣremt ay yezdeɣ. Yesnubgut-d ɣer din, yesseččay

deg yidrawen i d-yessuddus. Leḥwal i d-yesrus, n uẓref d wureɣ. Yessuddus-d daɣen idrizen,

ttasen-d ɣur-sen yinaẓuren ula si tmurt n Yigrigiyen.

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Masensen, iḥemmel ayen din igerdan. Arraw n warraw-is d warraw n yessi-s, ɣur-s akk i

d-kkren. Yiwet n tikkelt, yusa-d ɣer Tmazɣa, yiwen akken yennum yettaɣ ibkan, yettawi-ten i

yinesbuɣar tturaren yis-sen mi stufan. Yenna-as Masensen : « Ɛni, tilawayin-nwen, ur awen-d-

ttağğant ara igerdan imi s yibkan i tdehhum ?! »

Tagelda ay yenbeḍ Masensen, meqqret aṭas. Yexdem ayen akk i wumi yezmer akken ad d-

yesbedd awanak n tidet […]. Itenneḍ i uqerru-is azag am wakken xeddmen yigelliden igrikiyen.

Yessuffeɣ-d idrimen, isedda-d udem-is s ufella. S tewsa, issegrew-d aṭas n yidrimen. Yessaweḍ

yessuddes igen n waṭas n yiserdasen. Yesres-d talwit di tmurt. Yesnefli akken iwata tafellaḥt

armi wid yellan d imgalaten uɣalen d imseɣram, yekfa fell-asen ucali, uɣalen d imezgiyen deg

yimukan zedɣen, seftin cci-nsen. Iftisen i d-yekkes i Yifniqen, yerra-ten d tiwwura n tnezzut,

yexdem deg-sen igudaz, yessemɣer assaɣen n tnezzut akked tmura tizɣarayin.

Stéphane Gsel, seg Histoire ancienne de l’Afrique du nord

T.III. PP. 302-307, Hachette, 1920

Yessuɣel-it-id R. ƩACUR d M W. USALEM

Igudaz : d amkan anda ttaɣen snuzun (ssuq).

imseɣram : d wid izedɣen deg yiwen umkan, ttidiren dinna kan.

imgalaten : d wid ur nettidir ara deg yiwen umkan kan.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Anda ay d-ddant tugniwin n Masensen ?2. Acu n umur n tfekka ay d-mmalent tugniwin-nni i d-yersen ɣef yiqariḍen n tallit-nni ?3. i di tseddart tis 2, ɣef wacu i d-imeslay umeskar?4. Acu i iḥemmel ad t-yexdem Masensen ?5. s wacu i d-yufrar di tallit-is ?6. Anwa i d Masensen ?7. Amek yettidir ussan n ṭṭrad ?8. Amek yettidir mi ara yili di teɣremt-is ?9. Anti tiɣerwin swayes yettwassen ?10. Acu yexdem akken ad iqεed tameddurt n uɣref-is ?

- Win ibɣan tamaziɣt,ad yissin tira-s.

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Amawal

1. Tunẓart.● Snat n teklatin daxel n tekwatin. D acu-tt, d acu-tt ? (Tiririt seg uḍris).

2. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt● Ha-ten-a yismawen, kkan-d seg teεrabt, qqen yal yiwen deg-sen ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt.

Amerḍil Awal n tmaziɣt

- Lεesker- Aεudiw- Lxuf- Ddewla- Ddheb- Ttjaṛa / lkumiṛs- Lfeṭṭa

- Ureɣ- Awanak- Igen- Aẓref- Tanezzut- Ayis- Tuggdi

3. Seg tbadut ɣer wawal

Af-d deg uḍris awalen iwatan i tbadutin-a :

- D imdanen ur nettɣim ara deg yiwen umkan, ttinigen seg temnaḍt ɣer tayeḍ ttnadin ɣef wanda ara yeks lmal-nsen.

- D imdanen yettidiren deg yiwen umkan kan.

4. Asuddem

- Af-d deg uḍris awalen i d-yettwasuddmen seg yismawen-a :

1. Taẓuri

2. Abaɣur

5. Assaɣen inamkayen : takenwa

Senfel yal awal yettuderren s uknaw-is

● Wid i d-tessuffeɣ tedfert-is.

● Yezyen ayen din.

● Yeǧhed ula d asmi wesser.

● Tezdi aṭas n tenmegliwin.

● Ur yessedrag ara iman-is.

● Yettawi yid-s iḍan.

● Tagelda ay yenbeḍ Masensen, meqqret aṭas.

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TajerrumtArbib

Ɣer imedyaten-a : ● Igenni, idel-it usigna aberkan.● Txaḍ teslit taqendurt s lkettan axuxi.● Masensen, d uzyin, tiddi-s d taɣezzfant.● Yesker assaɣen d tmura tizɣarayin.

Isestanen : 1. D acu d-mmalen wawalen yettuderren ?2. Af-d isem neɣ amyag seg i d-yeffeɣ yal yiwen seg wawalen yettuderren.3. Wali amek yuleɣ (yebna) yal yiwen deg-sen.4. D acu-ten wawalen uɣur qqnen wawalen yettuderren?5. Usan-d uqbel neɣ deffir wawalen uɣur qqnen ?6. Qqnen akk srid neɣ yella kra yekkan gar-asen ?

Ad cfuɣ

Arbib, d awal ; irennu ɣer yisem ama srid, ama s tzelɣa n tilawt « d ». Arbib, yemmal-d amek imug (iga) wayen akken d-yemmal yisem-nni uɣur yerna.

Arbib, am yisem, yesεa tawsit d umḍan d waddad. (aberkan, taberkant, iberkanen, uberkan…). Deg wayen yerzan talɣa, aṭas n talɣiwin swayes ttalɣen yirbiben ; ha-tent-a : ameqqran, azegzaw, awraɣ, alewwaɣ, amellal, uzyin, ačinawi, imibrik, amesbaṭli …

Iluɣma

1. Af-d irbiben deg tefyar-a :● Allen-is, d timeqqranin ; timmi-s teččur ; acebbub-is, yeččur yerna yebren ; tamart-is, d

taɣezzfant; d taqeṭṭεant.● Ɣas meqqer wayen yessaram deg tsertit, ikeccem d amezwaru deg umennuɣ.● Tesεa sser ulama d timibrikt.● Ccεer n ubareɣ, d imizwiɣ ; tiqejjirin d tiwezzlanin.

2. Yal arbib, af-d awal seg i d-yefruri.

● Awezzlan, amidadi, aḥcayci, ačinawi, axuxi, ameqqran, amellal, imicbiḥ, ubrin, uzlig, afulkay.

3. Yal yiwen deg yirbiben-a, ini-d amek yuleɣ. Wali amedya amezwaru tkemmleḍ.

Arbib Amek yuleɣ

- Aɣezzfan- Ahrawan- Aqahwi- Imizwiɣ- Azewwaɣ- Ubrin- Amesbaṭli- Ameẓẓallu

- Yuleɣ s udfir « an », yerna ɣer umyag iɣzif

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TaseftitAmaɣun n yizri

ɣer imedyaten-a :

● Asif la ireεεed, yugar izem yelluẓen.● Imdanen yerwan ssber d leεqel.● Win yebɣan tamaziɣt, ad yissin tira-s.● Ttif win yeṭṭsen s uɣilif wala win i d-yekkren s nndama.

Isestanen :

1. D acu-ten wawalen yettuderren ?

2. S wacu i bdan, s wacu i fukken ?

3. Smed tifyar-a:● Yugar izem yelluẓen.● Yugar izmawen……….● Yugar tasedda ………..● Yugar tisedwin ……….

4. kemmel i tifyar-a :● Win yebɣan tamaziɣt, ad yissin tira-s.● Tin …………………………………..● Wid ………………………………….● Tid …………………………………..

5. Acu i twalaḍ deg yimyagen.

6. Serwes tifyar-agi deg unamek :● Yeswa ayefki yerɣan.● Yeswa ayefki d arɣayan.

Ad cfuɣ

Amaɣun d amyag mi ara yili s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara, ay akken tebɣu tili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib.Yal timeẓri n umyag tesεa amɣun-ines. Amaɣun n yizri yettaleɣ akka :i / y (e) + afeggag n umyag deg yizri + (e) n.win ye + dda + n = win yeddan.

Iluɣma

1. Af-d anwa i d amaɣun n yizri di tefyar-a :

● Win i as-yennan tiẓgi texla i yexlan d netta.● Iḍelli, usan-n ɣur-k.● D nutni i n-yusan ɣur-k.● Win yeččan yečča, wayeḍ tarbut tekkes.

2. Efk-d amaɣun n yizri n yimyagen-a :Ẓer, ffer, fru, cfu, friwes.

3. Efk-d sɣur-m /k snat tefyar ideg ara yili umyag d amaɣun.

33

Tagzemt tis3

TirawaltTamsertit : i + i / y

Ɣer aḍris :Si Muḥend Weεli d argaz ameqqran, ahat sebεin n yiseggasen di leεmer-is neɣ ugar. Qqaren-as

« si » imi yeffeɣ ɣer umadaɣ di lgirra-nni, ittusemma d amjahed aqdim. D aneεyabu deg yifadden. Yesḥuḍul d axessar. S tεekkazt kan i ileḥḥu. Σmer MEZDAD, Iḍ d wass, sb 103

1. Anida mlalent snat n teɣra di tefyirt taneggarut ?

2. Amek i d-nneṭṭeq ?

3. Ayɣer ?

4. Limer ad as-nbeddel udem n tseftit, ad nessefti amyag « ileḥḥu » d umqim « nettat », amek ara naru ?

5. Limer ad as-nεiwed i tefyirt, ad tt-nebdu s umyag : ileḥḥu s... . a - Yella [g] di lmenṭeq ?b - Ayɣer ?

6. D acu-t « i » yellan di tazwara n umyag : ileḥḥu.

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara tili teɣri [i ] uqbel amaɣun neɣ uqbel amyag yeftin d wudem wis 03 n wasuf amalay, ttemlilint snat n teɣra : i + i (neɣ i + y) : deg umeslay « i » neɣ « y » n umyag yettuɣal d [g], maca di tira ad naru « i » am wakken yella di lasel-is :Ad nettaru : - d netta i yeẓran, xas akken neqqar-d [d netta i-geẓran].- s tmara i iteddu, xas ma neqqar-d [s tmra i-gteddu].

Ayɣer ?Acku « i » neɣ « y » n umyag ama d amaɣun ama yefti, ad iqqim am wakken yella limer ur d-yemlal ara « i » nni yellan uqbel :

Md :- Win yeẓran- D netta i k-yeẓran- S tmara i as-iteddu.

Iluɣma

1. Tazabut : (aselmad, ad d-iɣer s temsertit).

● Ala win yuwten d win yettewten i yeẓran.● I yettnadin d win yeḍruran.● Ḍeggren ayen iɣef εettben, kul wa i iḍegger d iɣsan-is.● D ucmiten i yettcemmiten, d imeεfan i ifukken aman.● Ulac imdanen i iḥulfan i tyita n zzman, siwa win i aɣ-yecban nekkni.

2. Aru amyag s talɣa iwatan.● D Ayt-Mengellat i (cnu) tizlit-nni « A mmi » (izri).● D tajerrumt n tmaziɣt i (aru) Mεemmri. (izri)● Ay ixef-iw, ay (aru) deg unyir-iw. (amaɣun n yizri)● Wa d tacḍaḍt i (ddari), wayeḍ akkin yufa miḥlal. (izri)

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Aḍris

Iɣrem n Yirumanen

Akken ara teffɣeḍ i yiɣrem n Tipaza, metwal Cercal, ad k-id-tmagger temdint taqdimt n Yirumanen. Teṭṭef syinna alama d adrar n Yicenwiyen. Uqbel ad k-yefk ubrid ɣur-s, ad ak-id-tbin teṛmel daxel n tzemrin d ukerruc.

Akken kan ara tkecmeḍ di tewwurt, ad k-id-imagger ɣef yeffus, yiwen n unrar yesεa azal n tmanyin n lmitrat di teɣzi. Deg-s i ttnaɣen zik-nni yimẓiwen akked yiserdasen. Ɣef yidisan n unrar, llant tseddarin iɣef ttɣimin wid i d-yettasen ad ferrğen. Aɣrab yellan zik d afrag ger unrar d yimeshanayen, yehtuta ; tura, drus i d-yeqqimen deg-s.

Ma tkemmleḍ tikli ɣer sdat, ad twaliɣ sin lemqamat d iεlayanen, dinna i ttεebbiden Yiṛumanen irebbiten-nsen. Tella yiwet n tewwurt tessuffuɣ ɣer rreḥba iɣer d-ttemlilin yimsewwqen. Yella ubrid yettawin d akessar alama d ilel ; zelmeḍ, yeffus yeččur d inestimen n yixxamen idermen ; ggrant-d kan tgejda n yixxamen-nni.

Mlan-d yimnuda n tussna n yidsilen amek i gan yixxamen-agi sdaxel : tawwurt d taεlayant, tessekcam ɣer yiwen n ufrag yessa s teblaḍin weznent am teḥjurin n ssker. Di yal idis zzint-as-id texxamin i ufrag-nni. Llant kra n texxamin niḍen ddaw tmurt, ttarran deg-sent ikufan n yirden d yicbula n zzit.

Ma teffɣeḍ i yixxamen-nni, terriḍ metwal amalu ad tafeḍ rebεa yimdunen d ilqayanen. Qqaren-d: deg-sen i ssiriden iselman uqbel ad ten-mellḥen.

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Ɣer tama n unẓul, llant kra n tmedwin, aman-nsen d iḥmayanen, deg-sent i succufen.

Ɣer usammer, yella ubrid yettawi d asawen. Iεedda daxel n umadaɣ yezḍa am uzeṭṭa n tissist. Abrid-nni, yessuffuɣ ɣer uxxam n ccreε. Deg-s i ttcaraεen imeḥbas di tallit-nni.

D asawen, yella ugni d ahrawan, d aɣezzfan. Yal tameddit mi ssulin ccɣel-nsen, imezdaɣ n temdint, ttemlilin-d ad sgunfun, ad necraḥen alama dayen yeɣli-d yiḍ. Yekkat-d dinna kra n ubeḥri d asemmaḍ, d aḥlawan ; igellu-d s tfendiwin n yimɣan.

Serge LANCEL« Tipaza de Mauritanie », Isuɣel-it-id : ƩACUR.R

Asegzi n wawalen :Iɣrem : tamdintInestimen : d ayen i d yeqqimen deg tuddar neɣ deg yixxamen yeɣlin.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Anda i d-tezga temdint n Tipaza?2. I yiɣrem n Yirumanen anda yella?3. Ayen htutan yiɣerban n unrar?4. Acu xeddmen deg unrar-agi?5. Anda i sgunfuyen yimezdaɣ n yiɣrem?6. Ayɣer dinna i sgunfuyen?7. S wacu yebda umeskar aglam?8. Acu n tɣawsa tamezwarut i t-id-imuggren?9. Amek i d-iga umeskar aglam-ines: ileḥḥu neɣ yeqqim? Acu i t-id-yemmalen?10. Acu yufa di tama tayeffust?11. I deg usammer?12. Anda i d-zgan imedwen?13. Acu xeddmen deg-sen?14. S wacu yekfa umeskar aglam-ines?15. Amek i yeddes umeskar aglam-ines?

- Sani tettedduḍ ay aḍar ?- Yenna-as : s aẓar.

Tagzemt tis3

36

Tsell akka tikwal s tmuraAnda i d-zgant yiwen ur yeẓriTin ɣef i d-ḥekkun akk d FransaWaqila d tamurt n UrumiArumi seg wasmi aɣ-yerẓaS tarwa-nneɣ i iqubel LalmanƔer Landuccin seg-neɣ i iεebbaTuweḍ εni ddunit ɣer yal amkan

Deg yidammen n tarwa-s tessenɣel ƔEf Lezzayer armi tt-id-nḥellaTenwa ɣer tlelli-s ad teqqelƔer wakal akkit d lḥermaZiɣ d imeṭṭawen i tt-yerğan d ccɣelƔef win yemmuten igzem-as tasaD win twala ɣer temdint yuzzelDeg yiwen wass teğğel tennebra.[…]

Imaziɣen Imula

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AsefruTaddart n Leqbayel

D afzim ɣef twenza n udrarTrennu-as di leεnayaTessaweḍ armi i as-id-tezzi s umrarTerfed-it am yirin n tugaTezger-d leqrun, adfel d uɣurarTeṭṭef sdat waṭṭan d lgirraXas d laẓ tennum tetturarTaddart n Leqbayel yiwen ur tt-icba.

Tebna ɣef llsas n tlelliYal taddart weḥd-s d tagdudaAkka i tt-id-nufa iḍellii aɣ-tt-id-ğğan yimezwuraTezḍa tagmat, tzeṭṭ tadukliGer warraw-is leqder d lḥermaNettat i ten-yesεan ur tɣelliS tejmeεt i ferrun tilufa

I tessen kan d iman-isAm ufareẓ di tmellaltDdunit d ay d-teṭṭef tmuɣli-sS wallen-is i d-tḥudd tilisaMa tettqadar lğar-isDi ssuq kan i t-id-tsumaS twelliyin i tezḍa Lehna ger tudrin d leεrac.

Isestnen 1. Ɣer wacu icuba umedyaz taddart n Leqbayel di tseddart tamezwarut ?2. I wakken taddart ad tili d ayen akka uɣur i tt-icuba, d acu i ilaq ad yili udrar ?3. D acu iɣer icuba adrar deg wafir wis rebεa ? i taddart d acu ara tili ihi ?4. S wacu i d-yessken umedyaz belli taddart n Leqbayel tebna ɣef llsas n tlelli ?5. Ɣer wacu icuba umedyaz taddart n Leqbayel deg wafir wis sin n tseddart tis tlata ? Ayɣer ?6. Xas tettidir iman-is kan, taddart n Leqbayel tettekki deg umezruy n umaḍal akked win n

Lezzayer. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris d acu i d-yemmalen ay-agi.7. Anwi imdanen iɣef tettru taddart n Leqbayel ? Ayɣer ?

37

Tagzemt tis3

D nekk ara yarun

1. si tqacuct n useklu, tettbin-d lḥara akken ma tella. Di tlemmast yella uzniq, yessa s ublaḍ. Si yal tama zzint-as-id tzeɣwa yebnan s uẓru. Ssqef-nsent s uqermud n Leqbayel ; lqermud-nni yettrusun wa tinnegnit wa tiffudemt.

Deffir n lḥara, ɣer ugafa, yella ubrid aɣelnaw. Ɣef yal idis n ubrid llan yisekla n ubliṭan ; ɣer yifurkawen-nsen uglen yiferrawen akked tkembusin. Akkin i ubrid, d igran n yirden d temẓin. Aḍu i d-yettsuḍun itteg deg-sen tirika am lemwaji n yilel.

Ɣer umalu, d taɣzuyt, teqqim d asuki. Ɣer usammer, d aqwir, yenqec, yeẓẓa d lebsel, d ticcert, d ibawen…

Ɣer unẓul, ger lḥara d tnuṭfi n waman, yella uεecciw n usaɣur d walim ; iseqqef s uḥelyiw iɣef tuli tanakt di kra n yimeḍqan. Tigejda-s bnant s llajur azewwaɣ bu ttesεa tṭuṭac, ma d idisan-is s uɣanim. D tama n uεecciw, yella wanu d tefrawt (abasan) ideg tessen wakraren d yizgaren.

R. ΣACURa - Anida yella win i d-igellmen ?b - Suffeɣ-d aɣawas i yessexdem umaru i wakken ad d-yeglem lḥara.

1. Err ajerrid ddaw wawalen swayes i d-gan asunaɣ n Dda Muḥ deg uḍris i d-iteddun:

Dda Muḥ, d bu-yifadden, d amṛay n uxxam. Llan watmaten-is imeqqranen, deg leεmer, mačči deg wawal neɣ di ṛṛay, maca d netta i wumi yefka baba-s ṛṛay n uxxam; fell-as i yettkel baba-s, Dda Σli. Dda Σli d abuhali, yesεa aḍu n lxir, yettcir, isekked, maca d yiwet am netta i as-d-yennan yiwen wass : “Ur iεemmer ara uxxam-ik alama terriḍ amaẓuẓ-nni d amṛay !” Netta yefhem; yuɣ awal-is. Dɣa din-din ffɣent ccirat-ines. Truḥ-aɣ nufa-tt.

Kamal BUΣMARA Iḍ Amcum. sb.1.

2 - Semlil kra seg wawalen n tfelwit-agi taruḍ-d tifyar

Ismawen Irbiben/ Imyagen Tinfalyin

- Aqerru- Udem- Acebbub- Allen- Anyir- Anzaren- Imi- Icenfiren- Tuɣmas- Tamart- Imeẓẓuɣen- Tuyat- Ifassen- Aεebbuḍ- Tafekka.

- Ameqqran- Iɣezfanen- Ubrin- Aɣezfan- Ikkernenni- Yeḥfa- Tiẓerqaqin- Yekmec- Ahrawan- Timecṭaḥ- Ameẓẓyan- Rqiqit- Tiberkanin- Hrawit- Knant- Taččurant

- armi ur iẓerr iḍarren-is- ğğant-t tgecrar- ad as-tiniḍ d lxiḍ- ad as-tiniḍ d taciret n uḍar- am leḥrir- am lemri- yettban fell-as leḥzen- tettban fell-as temɣer- ad as-tiniḍ d aṛumi- yettecmumuḥ- ad as-tiniḍ d ureɣ- ad as-tiniḍ d tiziri- ala iɣes – - aṭas i bubbent.

Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw

Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?

Wali ma tzemreḍ :

1. Ad akzeɣ aḍris ullis, d uḍris asegzay?

2. Ad tegzuḍ tamacahut?

3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ iwudam deg wullis?

4. Ad d-tgelmeḍ adeg anda ttidiren?

5. Ad tezreḍ amek i d-ikeccem udiwenni deg wullis?

6. Ad teẓreḍ tamlilt n yal awadem deg wullis?

7. Ad d-taruḍ tamacahut ideg ara d-terreḍ aglam, adiwenni…?

Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:

1. ……….weḥd-k?

2. ……… di sin?

3. ……… d ugraw?

4. ……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?

Muqel ma tzemreḍ?

1. Ad takzeḍ imattaren deg tefyirt?

2. Ad takzeḍ tifyar tibawayin?

3. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger umaɣun n wurmir d umaɣun n yizri?

4. Ad takzeḍ amaɣun n yizri?

5. Ad takzeḍ arbib?

6. Ad takzeḍ afeggag d umatar n umyag?

7. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tmeẓra n yimyagen?

8. Ad taruḍ tamsertit d+t, ḍ+t anda tlaq?

9. Ad taruḍ tamsertit i + i (y) anda iwata?

- +

Amur wis sin :

- Asewsen n wansayen n temnaḍt-nneɣ

d wazalen sεan di tmetti

Tira n uḍris asegzay.

Ad ɣreɣ, ad waliɣ tameṣkiwt n uḍris asegzay i wakken:

1 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-segzayen kra n wansay.

2 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-gellmen takala-s.

3 - Ad ẓreɣ amek ibennu uḍris asegzay.

Amur

wis

sin

Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira

4

- Anẓar sb : 40

- Tamacahut sb : 46

Asefru: Targit d laẓ

- sb : 48

Tajerrumt: Tibawt sb :

43

Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir

sb : 44

Tirawalt: -Tamsertit: d+t,

ḍ+t sb : 45

Asegzi n wansay

5

- Amsal n uqermud

sb : 50

- Taleɣt Sb : 56

Asefru: Yemma tedda

ḥafi sb : 58

Tajerrumt: Isemmaden :

asmekti sb : 53

Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir

ussid sb : 54

Tirawalt: Tmsertit : « d » n

tnila d umatar « t » sb : 55

Asegzi n urmud

6

- urar n walqafen sb :

60

- Takerza sb : 66

Asefru: Bu-Tjewwaqt

sb : 68

Tajerrumt: Anammal n

usentel sb : 63

Taseftit: Amaɣun n yizri

ibaway sb : 64

Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad +

« d » n tnila. sb : 65

Asegzi n wurar neɣ n wansay

40

Aḍris

Anẓar

Tafriqt n Ugafa, d yiwet seg temnaḍin n Umaḍal ay ttḥazent, sya ɣer da, tillay n uɣurar. Daɣ-netta, imezdaɣ n temnaḍt-agi, xeddmen yiwen n usnalas qqaren-as Anẓar ; suturen yis-

s ageffur i ugellid n waman. D acu ay d anẓar ? Ansi ay d-yuɣ aẓar ? Amek ay t-xeddmen tura?Zik, uqbel ad d-taweḍ teflest s Rebbi yiwen, Anẓar d rebbi n ugeffur ; ma d tura, s teqbaylit,

d isem n usnalas swayes suturen medden ageffur, ma deg tentaliwin niḍen n tmaziɣt, d isem n ugeffur.

Tella yiwet n tenfust ɣer Leqbayel tettawi-d ɣef wansi ay d-yekka unẓar, ha-tt-a :Zik-nni, yella yiwen qqaren-as Anẓar. D netta ay d agellid n ugeffur. Yebɣa ad yaɣ yiwet n

teqcict, aggur deg yigenni, nettat deg lqaεa. Udem-is, yettakk-d ticci ; talaba-s d leḥrir yettirriqen. Taqcict-nni, segmi ara d-tekker tsuccuf deg yiwen wasif, aman-is d imẓerrfen. Yal mi ara d-yader ugellid-nni ɣur-s tettaggad dɣa yettuɣal.

Armi d yiwen wass, yenna-as :Aql-i gezmeɣ-d igenwanA yiwen seg yitranAd awiɣ agerruj i am-fkanNeɣ ad am-kkseɣ aman.

Agellid n waman, yebren taxatemt tettureɣ, dɣa yuɣal wasif-nni d aɣerɣar. Agellid, iɣab ; taqcict, tuɣwas. Tettru, tettru. Temmeɣ tekkes talaba-nni telsa, tsawel ɣer yigenni :

Ay Anẓar, ay anẓarAy ajeǧǧig n uzaɣarAsif, err-as lεinserTruḥeḍ-d ad terreḍ ttar.

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Terra-as teqcict-nni :Ttxil-k ay agellid n wamanA bu-tεeṣṣabt n lmeṛǧanD kečč i wumi yi-d-fkanMeεna uggadeɣ imennan.

41

Dɣa cwiṭ kan akka, twala ifeṭṭiwej d ameqqran. Yuɣal-d ugellid. Iger taqcict deg yiri-s. Asif yuɣal akken yella, tzegzew akk tmurt. Teqqim-d akken imir d tisirit : mi walan d aɣurar, ad xedmen anẓar.

Ass ideg ara xedmen anẓar, tilawin d yigerdan n taddart ad d-mlilen ɣer kra n umkan, ad awin yid-sen aɣenja n usɣar ad as-cebbḥen am teslit s umendil awraɣ d ubruc, ad t-ttawin, ad teddun ad cennun :

Anẓar, anẓar,A Rebbi ssew-itt ar aẓarAd teww nneεma n uẓrarAd ternu tin n uzaɣar.

Ad ttεeddin ɣef yixxamen n taddart, ad suturen imenda (lḥemmeẓ, ibawen), awren, zzit, tisent… Awren-nni ad as-gent tlawin tiwizi, ad t-fetlent d seksu. Ad sewwent lweεda. Mi tewwa, ad tt-sufɣent ɣer lemqam neɣ ɣer lǧameε ad ččen akk wat-taddart iḥedren ; ayen yugaren, ad t-ferqent s ixxamen. Di taggara, yella wanda d-ttawint tibuɣarin ; d amedya deg taddart n Yimzizwu, deg tɣiwant n Friḥa, deg ugezdu n Tizi-Uzzu, cennunt temɣarin akka :

Ay aεessas n UqerruBu-umzur yeddal tuyatTettnusuḍ deg lexlawiAbruri, lehwa tekkatNeḍleb-iken, ḍelbet RebbiRret-aɣ leεtab ɣer tafat.

Aqerru : d isem nx umkan ideg xedmen timeqbert R. ΣACUR akked IFLISEN R.Imẓerrfen : ayen isεan ini am lfeṭṭa.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Acuɣer xeddmen medden anẓar ?2. melmi ay t-xeddmen ?3. D acu i d anẓar ?4. i di kra n temnaḍin, d acu i d anẓar ?5. Acu yebɣa ad yexdem ugellid n ugeffur i teqcict ?6. Anwa i d agellid n ugeffur ?7. Anwi awalen i d-immalen belli taqcict-agi tfulki ?8. Acu tuggad teqcict imi ur tuɣ ara agellid n waman ?9. Acu yexdem ugellid n waman akken ad d-yerr ttar ?10. Amek xeddmen anẓar di temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?11. Anwi i ixeddmen anẓar ?12. Acuɣer d aɣenja i wumi ttcebiḥen ?13. Amek ay ttfakkan anẓar ?14. D acu n wanaw n ccna ay ttawint tlawin di temnaḍt n Yimzizwu ?15. D acu ixeddem umeskar deg uḍris : isefham-d neɣ yettales-d ?16. D acu-t ihi uḍris, d tasiwelt neɣ d asegzi ?

Tagzemt tis4

Qqarent daɣen :Ay aεessas n UqerruYuli wass ssbeḥ-lxirAy at-Rebbi s yiεumamTarakt n ddheb tceεεelAt-Rebbi s tiṭ ay sebbɣenMačči s txubay n nnil.

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Amawal

1. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt

Yal amerḍil, qqen-it ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt

Amerḍil Awal n tmaziɣt

1. lqecc / llebsa2. ṣubb3. lkenz4. liman5. lmelḥ

1. agerruj2. taflest3. tisent4. ader5. talaba

2. Asuddem● Anwa aẓar seg d-yekka wawal « aɣurar ». Bder-d isem d umyag yesεan aẓar am win n

wawal-a.● S tmaziɣt, lfeṭṭa qqaren-as « aẓref ». Af-d deg uḍris awal yezdi uẓar d wawal « aẓref ».

3. Seg wawal ɣer tbadut Fren tabadut iwatan

Imennan : a- d asirem, d amenni.

neɣ

b- d awal n medden mi ara kkaten s umeslay deg walbeεḍ.

4. Seg tbadut ɣer wawal

Af-d deg uḍris awal iwatan i yal tabadut

● D asif mi ara yeqqar.

● D ayen zerrεen medden, lɣella-nsen d aεeqqa, yettuɣal d awren neɣ yettewwa deg useqqi.

5. Assaɣen inamkayen

Af-d iknawen i wawalen yettuderren

● Teqqim-d akken d tisirit.

● Udem-is yettakk-d ticci.

● Yuɣal-d ugellid.

● Ad tteddun, ad cennun.

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Tagzemt tis4

Tajerrumt Tibawt

Ɣer tifyar-a :● Ur d-yusi ara ass-agi.● Ur d-yusi ur d-iceyyeε ur d-iruḥ ɣer warraw-is.● Ur d-muggreɣ yiwen deg ubrid.● Ur ssineɣ ula d yiwen.● Urğin ssineɣ tamacahut am ta. ● Ur fhimeɣ tigert.● Ur t-yuɣ wara.● Mačči d netta.● Ulac aman.● Awer yaweḍ.

Isestanen :1. s wacu bdant akk tefyar-agi?2. D acu-tent tewsatin-nsent?3. Acu i tent-id-yemmalen?4. melmi i nessemras tifyar yecban tigi?5. Kkes tibawt i tefyar-agi. Acu i ibeddlen?6. Beddlen akk neɣ ala?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara d-tiniḍ ur yelli ara neɣ ur yettwaxdem ara kra, qqaren-as tibawt.D amedya: yečča aɣrum. Ur yečči ara aɣrum.Tafyirt tibawayt neggar-itt-id s umata s umernu “ur”…. “ara” Maca llan wawalen niḍen yessenfalayen tibawt am: urğin, urεad, mazal, ula, xaṭi, uhu, ulaḥedd, ula-ayɣer, ulawumi, ula-amek….Amur ameqqran n yimyagen tettbeddil teɣri-nsen taneggarut tettuɣal d “i”D amedya: - yečča. Ur yečči - yekrez ur yekriz maca - iruḥ ur iruḥ

Iluɣma

1. Smed ilmawen s wawalen-a:.Ur ….. ara, ulac, ulaḥedd, ulayɣer, ala, mačči, ula.…. Aseklu ur ihuzz waḍu. ….. nekk i tessnem. Ad d-yas neɣ.....?Yella dda Remḍan deg uxxam? ……… -it. Wi as-yennan … d-ttruḥ…?…… I d-tekkreḍ zik. ……

2. Smed ilmawen s tibawt iwatan.D netta i as-yennan ……. d nekk.Yella uɣrum?..........Tessneḍ argaz-ina neɣ……?………. nerğa asirem ma nsenned ɣef ssber.

3. Semres awalen-agi di tefyar sɣur-k.Ur…..ur, mačči, urğin, urεad, mazal

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TaseftitAmaɣun n wurmir aḥerfi

-Ɣer imedyaten-a :

● Aru-ten-am tebratin● D kečč ara tent-yawin● D kečč ara asen-yinin● Dayen iruḥ

Isestanen :1. Acu–ten wawalen yettuderren?2. Tigawin-nsen zrint neɣ zerrint akka tura neɣ ad zrint sya ɣer sdat?3. Acu i d-yemmalen imir n tigawin n wawalen-agi yuran s usekkil azuran?4. Acu-tt talɣa n wawalen-agi?5. Beddel-asen udem n usefti. 6. Acu twalaḍ?7. Awalen-agi d imyagen neɣ ala? Acuɣer?8. Amek i asen-qqaren i wawalen-agi irmeskilen ihi?

Ad cfuɣ

Amaɣun, d amyag mi ara yili s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara.Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib maca netta ɣur-s talɣa d tarmeskilt, ay akken yebɣu yili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Md : D nekk ara yarun tabrat. - D nutni ara yarun. D nettat ara yarun Amaɣun n wurmir aherfi yettaleɣ s tzelɣa n wurmir “ara“ sdat umyag + i / ye + afeggag (n wurmir aḥerfi) + (e) n.Md: d winna ara yekkren zik. Y(e) kkr (e) n

Iluɣma

1 - Aru akken iwata imyagen yellan ger tacciwin.- Win ara (sεu) idrimen ad t-nasben medden.- D aneggaru ara d-(err) tawwurt.- Amdan ara (xdem) tagi, mačči nneɣ.- Win ara d (af) tawwurt i ugnu-agi, ad as-nefk arraz.

2-Efk-d amaɣun n wurmir aḥerfi n yimyagen-agi.

Amyag Amaɣun n wurmir aḥerfiEčč

Rnu

Kker

Awi

Eğğ

Afeg

3 - Aru-d 5 n tefyar s umaɣun n wurmir aḥerfi.

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Tagzemt tis4

TirawaltTamsertit: ḍ +t, d+t,

Ɣer imedyaten-a :

● tmuggreḍ-t, ugellid-nni n waman ?● Teqqim teqcict ɣef tɣaladt, tettgani anẓar…

Isestanen :

1. Amek i d-teɣriḍ isekkilen “ḍ+t”n tefyirt 1ut deg wawalen yettuderren?

2. Amek i d-teɣriḍ isekkilen “d+ t” n tefyirt tis 2 deg wawal yettuderren?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara yemlil umatar udmawan n wudem w2 “ḍ” akked “t” n umqim awsil nsusruru -iten-id “ṭ” Md: « tessneṭṭen » maca ad naru akken yella di lasel :Tessneḍ-ten?

Mi ara yemlil “d”neɣ “ḍ” n taggara n yisem amalay akked “t” irennun ɣer yisem-nni amalay akken ad yuɣal d unti, nsusruru-iten-id “ṭ” . Md: [taɣalaṭ] maca ad naru: taɣaladt,

[tayaziṭ] maca ad naru: tayaziḍt

Iluɣma

1 - Tazabut (aselmad ad d-izubet s temsertit)

- Kra n win yebnan taɣaladt i gma-s ad d-tegrireb fell-as.- Taselmadt n tmaziɣt ḥemmlent-tt tnelmadin-is.- Taɣaḍt, tḥemmel talawt n tḥeccadt.- Arrac-agi teẓriḍ-ten acḥal n tikkal.

2 - Err dt, ḍ-t (ten) deg yilmawen-agi.- Asaru-nni, Macahu, twala…., asmi i d-yeffeɣ ?- Tezweɣ akk, ad tt-nessuden, di tizzelme... ara neddu.- Tameṭṭut-ina d tagru... asmi tezweğ.- Di lεid, d taɣru... i ttawin i twelliyin.- Tmuggre... - .... deg ubrid?- Inebgawen-agi-nneɣ tesɣamem-ten ɣef tɣala... ur uklalen.

3 - Err tifyar-agi ɣer wasuf.● Zik, imdanen yuḍnen illeḍ sbeddayen tiɣalaḍin.● Tiyuzaḍ i wumi ifukk usartu, zellunt-tent.● Tura, d tiselmadin i yugten deg yiɣerbazen.

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AḍrisTamacahut

Tasekla n tmaziɣt, ɣas akken, zik, ur tt-terfid ara tira, ugtent deg-s tewsatin, am tsekliwin n yiɣerfan niḍen. Llant tid n tmedyazt, llant tid n tesrit. Ger tewsatin n tesrit, tamacahut,

tufrar-d ɣef tiyaḍ. D acu i d tamacahut ? D acu i d tawuri-ines di tmetti ? Melmi i tt-id-sawalen medden ? Amek tebna tɣessa-ines ?

Tamacahut, d ullis amakun. Meḥsub, d taḥkayt deg-way-deg ttilin yiwudam d tedyanin ay ur nezmir ara ad ilin di tilawt : waɣzen, tteryel, amɣar azemni, imdanen yettafgen neɣ teddun ddaw tmurt… D acu kan, timsal i-ɣef d-ttawint tmucuha, ulama d asugen i tent-id-yurwen, qqnent aṭas ɣer tilawt. Si tilawt ay d-ttagment timsirin yellan deg-sent. Timsirin-nni, ttuɣalent d tifulkayin, ttaɣent udem n tsekla akken ad εeğbent wid ara sent-yeslen. Timucuha, deg-sent asedwel ; deg-sent urar : sawalen-tent-id i warrac akken ad ẓren d acu yelhan, d acu ur nelhi ; sselmaden-asen tutlayt-nsen, teẓẓun deg-sen ilugan d tuddsa n tmetti… Maca am wakka i t-id-nenna, timucuha d ttawil n wurar d tukksa n lxiq. Mi d-tenna tin d-issawlen timucuha awal-nni n « amacahu », teldi tewwurt ɣer umaḍal n usugen. Igerdan, ad gganin imi-s akken ad ẓren amek ara tfakk, am wakken ara tegganiḍ asaru amek ara isellek.

Timucuha, zik-nni, ssawalen-tent-id deg yiḍ, mi ččan imensi d asawen. Imir ur yelli kra n ccɣel ara xedmen medden. Dɣa, ttemlilin-d akk wat-uxxam. Amlili-nni i d-ttemlilin, issentam assaɣen gar-asen, ttmeslayen wway-gar-asen.

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Deg tɣessa, timucuha, bnant, ɣef tlata tegnatin. Di tegnit tamezwarut, ttilin wumlan ɣef yiwudam d wadeg. Tagnit tis snat, tbeddu mi ara d-teḍru kra n taluft. Kra seg yiwudam, ad uwten amek ara tt-frun ; kra niḍen, ad uwten amek ara tt-kersen. D amqelleε-agi ger yiwudam i d-igellun s waṭas n tigawin. Amseḍfer-nni n tigawin, ad yessiweḍ ɣer ferru n taluft-nni. Di tuget, tagnit-agi tis snat, Yeggar-itt-id unammal n wakud : yiwen wass…, armi d yiwen wass…, yiwet n tikkelt… Tagnit n taggara, igellu-d yis-s ferru-nni n taluft. Daɣ-netta amur ameqqran n tmucuha ttfakkant akken yelha. Iwudam yelhan, ɣas ad idiren uguren d tlufa, teggerri-asen-id talwit d tumert. Tagnit tamezwarut d tneggarut, ttemcabint ɣas mgaradent : ulac deg-sent taluft, maca yiwet tettessu-d i taluft, tayeḍ tettlal-d mi tefra taluft.

Ihi, di tegrayt, izmer bnadem ad d-yini belli tamacahut, akken ay as-yenna win : d ajlal n tmussni. Ma tekkseḍ ajlal, ad d-tban temsirt yeffren ddaw-as. Timucuha, mačči kan d urar ; ssedwalent imeẓyanen, sselmadent-asen tutlayt d yilugan d yidles n tmetti. Deg wayen iεnan awal d umeslay, timucuha, d ttawil swayes ara qeṭṭben inaw n tsiwelt (swayes ara d-ḥkun kra).

R. ƩACUR

Asegzi :Issentam : issiğhid.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Anti tiwsatin n tsekla i yellan ?2. Anwa amkan ay teṭṭef tmacahut ?3. D acu i d tamacahut ?4. Anwi isental iɣef d-tettawi tmacahut ?5. Acu n temlilt ay tesεa di tmetti n zik-nni ?6. Melmi i d-sawalen timucuha ? Ayɣer ?7. Acḥal n tegnatin ay tesεa tmacahut ?8. Γef wacu ay d-tettawi yal tagnit n tmacahut ?9. Anwi awalen neɣ tinfaliyin swayes ay tbeddu tmezwarut d tis 2 ?10. Acu n wazal d temsirin ay nettaf di tmucuha ?

Tagzemt tis4

- Awal, ma wezzil yefra;ma ɣezzif, ad d-yarew kra.

4�

Asefru

Targit d laẓ

Acḥal d abrid ay sliɣI yemma tenna-d annaɣA mmi ur tesεiḍ ay ččiɣ,

Deg yidmaren ad ak-t-id-fkeɣ.Ula d akerfa ur t-ṛwiɣ,

Amek ara k-id-smeɣreɣ!?

Sliɣ i yemma tenna :A mmi ifadden kkawen.Mačči s uclim d ukerfa,I ssi gemmen yirgazen.

Ulac di terbut tekfa,Ad nεenni, ad nerğu yiwen.

Cfiɣ yiwen wass di ccetwa,Nella nezzi-d i lkanun.

Nettawi-d timucuhaAkken laẓ medden ad t-ttun.

Nessa agertil ɣer lqaεa,Uḍan ugin ad kfun.

Tura kra din ur as-necfi,Nerra-t ɣer wayen iεeddan.

Nuɣal nbeddel tikli,Nettu wid leεmer yeṛwan.

Imi ddunit tettezzi,I uzekka anwa yeẓran ?

Crif XEDDAM

Isestanen :

1. Ma nmuqel aḍris-agi, amek ay ddren medden di tallit-nni?2. Suffeɣ-d awalen neɣ tinfaliyin i d-yemmalen laẓ n yimir-nni.3. Acu n tgelliwin ay tetten?4. S wacu ay tettun laẓ, deg wussan iɣezzfanen n tegrest?5. Acuɣer ttgammin ad fakken fell-asen wuḍan?6. I tura, amek ttidiren?7. Acu yuggad umedyaz?8. Ɣef wacu yesḥasef umedyaz, di taggara?

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Tagzemt tis4

D nekk ara yarun

1. Efk-d tibaduyin n wawalen-a mebla ma tmuqleḍ ɣer umawal :

- tuqqna tuffra

- tagrest

- aɣerbaz

- seksu

2. Aru-d aḍris ameẓẓyan ideg ara tesfehmeḍ i gma-k amecṭuḥ, lfayda n waddal.

3. ha-ten-i kra n yisestanen. Err-d ɣef wid n usegzi kan

- Anwa i d Mulud MƩEMMRI ?

- Anta i d tamurt-is?

- Melmi yuɣal d amaru ?

- Ayen yekcem deg umgaru n umaḍal wis 2 ?

- Acuɣer i d-isekfel idles d tutlayt n tmaziɣt ?

4. Eg-as tazwert i uḍris-agi.

Addal ………………………………………………………………………………….........……………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………....…………………………………………..………………………………………………………..

- ɣef wayagi imussnawen inudan deg taɣult-agi, suddusen aṭas n temliliyin akken ad sfehmen azal yesεa waddal di tudert n umdan ama d ameẓẓyan ama d ameqqran

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AḍrisAmsal n uqermud,

d tamguri n zik, tura tenger.

Ad d-meslayeɣ ɣef lqermud ttgen zik-nni i yixxamen di tmurt n Leqbayel. Qqaren-as lqermud «arumi » neɣ lqermud n Leqbayel. Lqermud-agi d azewwaɣ yerna iqba mačči d

abelbaḍ am lqermud n Legliz.

Di tmurt n Leqbayel, yella wanda ttseqqifen ixxamen s uqermud, yella wanda ttseqqifen s udles; anda niḍen, ttgen ssḍuḥ n wakal ; kul tamnaḍt amek.

Zik-nni, tadamsa n tmurt n Leqbayel txuṣṣ aṭas ; ṭṭaqa n medden ddren s tfellaḥt, tetten ayen i asen-id-ttarrant tferkiwin-nsen. Drus i d-ttaɣen si leswaq ; ayen akk ara ḥwiğen, d nitni ara t-ixedmen. Nezmer ad d-nini, tadamsa n zik d tadamsa n tmara; ur as-teğği ara tdamsa n lkulun ad tefti neɣ ad tennerni. Aṭas n medden, terra-ten tmara ffɣen tamurt ttnadin lxedma di temdinin neɣ di Fransa i wakken ad d-sewṛen ayen ara ččen wat-uxxam. Ihi, ɣef waya i qqimen Leqbayel ṭṭfen di temguryin-nsen tiqdimin icban tamguri n uqermud. Yis-sent i qublen ddunit.

Ala at-tmurt i imesslen lqermud. Akal qqazen-t-id si tferkiwin-nsen. irgazen, xeddmen lqermud; ma d tilawin xeddment igduren n taleɣt.

Tteqqden aqermud mi ara yekkaw lḥal, deg unebdu, ger waggur n yunyu d waggur n cutamber. Imir-nni dɣa ay bennun ula d ixxamen; akka i d-nufa xeddmen yimezwura-nneɣ lqermud. Tlaq taleɣt d waman d yisɣaren akked yiṭij. Win ibɣan ad imsel, ad d-injer lqaleb s usɣar n tzemmurt neɣ n teslent. Llan wid issexdamen lqaleb n wuzzal, lameεna drus-iten. Llant temnaḍin ideg ur d-ggrin ara leqwaleb; din, win ara imeslen, d iɣil-is i yeszwar, imessel fell-as taleɣt.

Mi fukken amsal, ad d-lhin d rrqem. “Musso” yufa-d 80 n wudmawen ttgen-ten i rrqem n uqermud.

Imir-nni, ad sersen iqermuden ad kkawen i yiṭij. Simi ara kkawen, ad d-lhin d tɣuzi n tbergent (yella wanda i as-qqaren takucet). Ttgen-ttdeg yimukan yellan d agadir neɣ d ababder i wakken ad asen-tishil tɣuzi. Γef wudem ufella n tbergent, ad ɣzen igeḍyen, ansi ara d-iεeddi wurɣu. Kul agḍi ad as-ɣzen azal n yiɣil. Udem n ufella n tbergent ad yuɣal amzum d timzizdegt. Deg ubabder qqazen yiwen n ṭṭaq; syen i d-ssuffuɣen akal yellan s ddaw n yigeḍyen. Ad ɣzen alama uwḍen ɣer tefliwin n wadda n yigeḍyen. Mi semmden taɣuzi, ttarran tisulal n usɣar ad ṭṭfent tama n ufella n tbergent i wakken ur d-treddem ara. Imir-nni axjiḍ-nni i d-ɣzan ad t-ččaren d aserɣu.

Iqremyad-nni i ssekwen i yiṭij, ad ten-id-ddmen, ad ten-sersen wa ɣef wa, d idurra ɣef wudem n ufella n tbergent, ɣef yigeḍyen. Iran-nni n wudem n ufella sellɣen-ten s taleɣt i wakken ur d-tetteffeɣ ara lḥamu.

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Di taggara, ad ssiɣen times i userɣu-nni. Mi teṭṭef tmes, ad reglen ṭṭaq-nni ɣzan di tazwara; ad t-selɣen s taleɣt.

Tuqqda-agi n uqermud di tbergent, mazal xeddmen-tt di taddart n Tfuɣalt (deg Yiflisen n Wumlil).

Anda niḍen, xeddmen-tt am tin n yigduren n taleɣt. D amedya, deg Wat-Ʃisi, srusuyen isɣaren izuranen; ad rnun fell-asen iqremyad ad ten-sembibben, ad asen-seggrin isɣaren ireqqaqen akked ticcict; s akkin ad as-siɣen times. Tuqqda tettaṭṭaf xemsa swayeε neɣ setta.

Zik-nni, deg useggas 1950, yiwen n uqermud ittnuzu tlata durru. Syen ɣer da, d lqermud n legliz i yuɣen amkan, acku, tura, ur la bennun ara medden ixxamen akken i ten-bennun wat-zik.

Yura-t s tefransist :

Muḥemmed DEḤMANI

Yerra-t-id ɣer tmaziɣt i tesɣunt Tira :

Muḥend Weεmer USALEM.

Seg Tira, Uṭṭun 3, 2000, sb. 09.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. s wacu ttseqqifen yimdanen ixxamen-nsen, zik-nni ?

2. Anta tamurt ideg xeddmen lqermud ?

3. s wacu ttidiren yimezdaɣ n temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?

4. Acuɣer ṭṭfen Leqbayel di temguri n uqermud ?

5. Anta tallit ideg xeddmen aqermud ?

6. s wacu i t-xeddmen ?

7. Anwa i t-ixeddmen ?

8. s wacu i ttakken (ttgen) udem i uqermud ?

9. Anwi imukan ideg sewwayen akal swayes xeddmen lqermud ?

10. Anta taddart ideg mazal xeddmen aqermud ?

11. Anwi iberdan i d-yettawi uqermud si tazwara alama d taggara ?

Tagzemt tis5

- Ur ḥemmleɣ gma,- Ur ḥemmleɣ gma,- Uur ḥemmleɣ win ara t-yuwten.

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Amawal

1. Seg tbadut ɣer wawal● Af-d deg uḍris awal iwatan i yal tabadut

- D leɣbar n lmal mi ara yeqqar, sexdamen-t d aserɣu, zik-nni.- D lɣella i d-suffuɣen yimdanen s yirmad akk xeddmen am temguri d tfellaḥt.

2. Awalen yezdi uẓar

● Ha-ten-a kra n wawalen, wali ma yella kra n unamek i ten-yezdinTaleɣt, sleɣ, talɣa, luɣ.

● Af-d deg uḍris isem n wallal i d-yettwasuddmen seg umyag alel (εiwen).● D acu ay d aserɣu ? Anwa amyag seg i d-yekka ? D acu-t ihi, d isem n tigawt neɣ n wallal neɣ

n umeskar ? ● Af-d isem n wallal i d-yekkan seg yal amyag

Amyag Isem n wallal

Qqen (zik, yella : ɣwen)QqesRgelGnu (tura, neqqar xiḍ)DdezQfelAgem

3. Tagetnamka● Awal « iɣil » yesεa ddeqs n yinumak. Qqen yal tafyirt ɣer unamek yesεa deg-s wawal

« iɣil »

Tifyar Inumak

1. Ad as-ɣzen azal n yiɣil.2. Win ara imeslen, d iɣil-is i yeszwar.3. Tigti n tuddar n Leqbayel, zgant-d deg yiɣil.4. Uɣeɣ-d iɣil n lebsel.5. Imnekcam akk i d-yusan, uɣen tamurt s yiɣil.6. Taluft-a, tekka nnig yiɣil-iw.

1. d asawen2. d tazmert3. d lkil, azgen n lmitra.4. d amur seg ufus n umdan, seg

teɣmert ɣer lḥekka anda tebda tdikelt.

5. d ddreε, d takriḍt.

4. Assaɣen inamkayen● Efk-d inemgalen n wawalen yettuderren

- Ad sersen iqermuden.- Ad siɣen times.- Ad sekwen iqermuden.

● Af-d sin n yinemgalen i wawal « skew ». Serwes-iten, wali ma yella tzemreḍ ad tesmerseḍ yiwen deg wadeg n wayeḍ, deg tefyar akk neɣ ala.

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Tagzemt tis5

TajerrumtIsemmaden deg tefyirt taḥerfit (d asmekti)

Ɣer imedyaten-a :● Yuli-d usigna.● Yebna axxam.● Yebna i warraw-is.● Yuzen-d uɣrib idrimen i warraw-is.● Yunag ɣer tmurt n Yirumyen.

Isestanen 1. Deg yal tafyirt, af-d amyag d yisemmaden yernan ɣur-s.2. S wacu yemgarad yal asemmad ɣef wiyaḍ (addad-is, amek yeqqen s amyag) ?3. Anwa ay d ul n tefyirt d amyag neɣ d isemmaden ?4. Isemmaden-a, qqnen akk ɣer umyag neɣ yella win yeqqnen ɣer yisem ?

Ad cfuɣ

Tafyirt, tezmer ad tili s umyag kan akked umatar udmawan. D acu kan mi ara ttmeslayen neɣ mi ara ttarun medden rennun aṭas n wumlan ɣer umyag d umatar-is akken ad yemmed unamek n tefyirt. Awalen irennun s amyag qqaren-asen isemmaden.

Ger yisemmaden :● yella usemmad asegzay (deffir n umyag, d amaruz, tawsit-is d umḍan-is am umatar) ;● yella usemmad usrid (deffir n umyag, d ilelli, yezmer ad yeṭṭef amkan-is umqim awsil) ;● yella usemmad arusrid (iteqqen s amyag s tenzeɣt « i », d amaruz, yezmer ad yeṭṭef

amkan-is umqim awsil) ;● yella usemmad s tenzeɣt (iteqqen s tenzaɣ niḍen, d amaruz ; mi ara t-yessenfel umqim,

tettɣima tenzeɣt, mačči am urusrid).● Yella daɣ usemmad n yisem, maca wagi mačči d asemmad n umyag. D isem i wumi yesmad,

tetteqqen-it ɣur-s tenzeɣt, tettarra-t d amaruz.

Iluɣma

1. Af-d isemmaden yellan deg tefyar-a● Yuwet-d ugeffur.● Yeğğa-d umɣar-nni tiferkiwin i warraw-is.● Yura-asen-tent-id.● Kkan-d seg temdint, teddun ɣer taddart.

2. Smed tafelwit-a s (+) neɣ s (-)

Asemmad Yeqqen s amyag

Yeqqen ɣer yisem D ilelli D amaruz Yeqqen

sridYeqqen s tenzeɣt

Yezmer ad yili d amqim

asegzay

usrid

arusrid

s tenzeɣt

n yisem

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6. S wacu yebda ?7. S wacu ifukk ?8. Amek-itt tigawt-ines?9. Amek ara as-nessiwel ihi?

TaseftitAmaɣun n wurmir ussid

Ɣer amedya-a● Win yettaggaden yiwen,

Ur yettaggad ula yiwen.

Isestanen1. Acḥal yellan n yimyagen?2. Derrer-iten.3. Beddel-asen udem?4. D acu i wumi tegreḍ tamawt?5. D acu-t umezwaru-nni?

Ad cfuɣ

Amaɣun d amyag mi ara yefti s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara, ay akken tebɣu tili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib.

Yal timeẓri n umyag tesεa amaɣun ines. Amaɣun n wurmir ussid yettaleɣ akka :i / y (e) + asentel (n wurmir ussid) + (e) n.

win ye + ttaggad + ( e) n = win yettaggaden.

Iluɣma

1 - Efk-d amaɣun n wurmir ussid n yimyagen-a.- Aru - ini- Krez - Wali- Gen - Rwel- Awi - Siwel

2 - Muqel amyag amezwaru tsemdeḍ tafelwit-a:

amyag Amaɣun n yizri Amaɣun n wurmir Amaɣun n wurmir ussid

UrarAruGaniẒer WwetSimes

yuraren Ara yuraren yetturaren

3- Ini-d d acu-ten yimaɣunen-agi, tefkeḍ-d talɣa-nsen taḥerfit ● yuɣalen● yettawḍen● yettenkkaren● ara yennaɣen

4- Suffeɣ-d imyagen yellan deg uḍris-agi, efk-d talɣa taḥerfit-nsen d wurmir n wussid-nsen.● Nezmer i wurfan d lxiq● Nezmer-as i ddiq● Nezmer i yal d lmeḥna.

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Tirawalt

Tamsertit: Tazelɣa n tnila « d » d umatar « t »Ɣer tifyar-a

● Wissen ma ad d-tuɣaleḍ!● Ẓriɣ ur iyi d-tettarraḍ ara ɣef tebrat-iw.

Isestanen :1. Af-d imyagen yellan deg tefyar-agi.2. Acu n wudem uɣur ftin ?3. Acu i t-id-yemmalen?4. Acu yellan sdat-sen?5. Amek i d-teɣriḍ imyagen-agi?6. Acu ur d-nban ara deg ususru-nsen?7. Acuɣer ur d-banen ara?8. Acu n tamawt ara d-tefkeḍ ihi?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara yemlil umatar udmawan « t » n wudem wis sin (n wasuf neɣ n usget) d tzelɣa n tnila « d » iɣelli umatar udmawan-nni deg ususru, maca tuwi-d ad yili (ad t-nerr) di tira.

Md: ad d-nsusru « ad d-as » maca ad naru: ad d-tas (nettat), ad d-tawim (kunwi) atg.

Iluɣma

1 - Err aḍris-agi ɣer wudem wis sin n wasuf unti. Ɣurek amtawa!

Mi ara d-yas gma-k, ini-as ad d-yerzu ɣur-i, ad as-azneɣ kra n tɣawsiwin, ad tent-yawi ɣer fransa. Mi yuweḍ ɣer din ad d-yessiwel ad as-iniɣ anda ara tent-yeğğ. Ma ur yessin ara tamnaḍt –nni, ad d-yuɣal ɣer Pari ad tent-isers ɣer Meẓyan Awadrar.

2 - Tazabut (aselmad, ad d-izubet s temsertit.

Lemnam

Mel-iyi-d d acu i d-tsuliḍƔri mi i d-tusiḍA targit efk-i lehna

Ma si ṭṭaq ay d-tettεeddiḍAd t-ɣelqeɣ kul iḍ Ɣuri ur d-tkeccmeḍ ara

Fiḥel ma di d-tesmektiḍ Ẓriɣ kra teẓriḍLehmum bdan-d mačči ass-a

AT MENGELLAT, Tikkest seg Lemnam

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Aḍristaleɣt

Afrag yezga yeččur d leḥwal n yideqqi. Di tama n tewwurt n usqif, tettrusu tezdemt n yisɣaren i tuqqda. Ccɣel n taleɣt, ibeddu di tefsut. Tettawi-tt-id uletma Baya akked xalti

deg uqecwal seg wansi yebεed. Mi tt-ssekwent, ad tt-neɣdent alama tuɣal am uɣebbar, yis-s i messlent tisugam d tbaqiyin.

Mi tger afus xalti di taleɣt, ad tessali taqendurt-is ar tagecrirt, ad txemmel i yiɣallen-is, ad ternu ad terfed tuqqna-s, imir ad d-teddem akerra n taleɣt, ad t-tessers ɣef tencirt. S ukerra-nni, ad teg lqaε n wayen i tra ad t-temsel: d tasagemt neɣ d tabaqit. Tmessel-it am teḥbult n temtunt. Mi ara txeddem, ẓriɣ ur ilaq ara ad as-meslayeɣ, mačči d tagnit n wawal. Nanna, ula d nettat, tmessel s uzmumeg d tumert, ad teddem taleɣt, ad as-teslef, ad tt-temsel s yiḍudan-is alama tessuffeɣ-d kra d aɣezzfan am uεekkaz neɣ am uzrem. Mi ɣezzif aṭas, ad teḥbes, ad t-tegzem d iḥricen swayes ara d-tezzi iran i teḥbult-nni n xalti. Ad teṭṭef tancirt talewwaɣt, ad tejbed yis-s taleɣt-nni imeslen am uεekkaz, ad ternu ad t-tessisded i wakken ad d-alin yiran n lḥila. Mi tsellek yiwet ad teεnu tayeḍ.

Tlata neɣ rebεa n tɣawsiwin kan i ttgent deg wass acku yedyeq ufrag-nni ideg tent-srusuyent. Nanna, mi temsel cwiṭ deg yiwet n lḥila, ad tuɣal ɣer tayeḍ ad temsel daɣen deg-s kra i wakken mi ara tezzi ɣer tmezwarut-nni ad tt-taf tebda tettkaw, ad tizmir ad tt-tkemmel. Ad d-teddem tancirt, tikkelt-niḍen, ad temsel taleɣt-nni, ad tt-tejbed, ad tt-tessisded i wakken ad as-tefk talɣa. imir, ad yebdu ad d-yettban wudem n tuggi neɣ n tsagemt.

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Xalti, mačči kan d lqiεan i tessen ad temsel maca tmessel ula d ayen niḍen. D acu am nanna ulac, medden akk -ladɣa tisednan- qqaren-d d leḥwal n nanna i yelhan, d widak i icebḥen. Nanna tetwel aṭas di ccɣel-is.

Mulud FERƩUNSeg: « Mmi-s n Yigellil »,

issuɣel-it-id Remḍan ΣACUR

Asegzi:Ad t-tessisded: ad t-tessirqeq.Tisednan: tilawin.

Ideqqi: d afexxar, d taleɣt

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Amahil n taleɣt d taẓuri neɣ d amahil menwala ? Ayɣer ?

2. Deg wacu yemgarad umahil n xalti ɣef win n nanna ?

3. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris tignatin seg i d-tzerri lḥila n yideqqi, seg taleɣt alama tsellek.

4. Anti tiɣawsiwin i ilaqen uqbel ad bdun askar n kra n ugdur ?

5. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris tangiwin akked wallalen i yerzan taleɣt.

6. Yewεer neɣ yeshel umahil n taleɣt ?

7. Acḥal ttɣiman deg uxeddim n yiwet n lḥila?

8. Ayen i messlen igduren-nsen?

9. Anta tallit n wass ideg xeddmen aṭas n taleɣt?

10. Acu n wunuɣen ay ttarrant tlawin ɣef yigduren?

11. Ɣef wacu i d-imeslay di tseddart 1ut ?

12. Amek i t-id-yenna?

13. Muqqel taseddart tis snat: acu i d-isefhem deg-s?

14. Di tseddart tis snat d asefhem kan i d-isefhem neɣ yerna-d ayen niḍen?

15. Anti takkayin i yettilin deg uxeddim n taleɣt?

16. Amek i as-sawalen i uḍris am wa?

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- Tameṭṭut, d llsas;argaz, d ajgu alemmas.

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Asefru

Yemma

Yemma tedda ḥafi,Tekna ɣef uzemmur,Tgezzem tiẓgi,Iɣelli-as umzur.Talwit ur tt-tufi,Tidi tettceṛcur,Tferfer-as temẓi,Tessaram amur.

Tifexsa deg (yi)ḍarrenṬṭerḍiqent i usemmiḍ,Iẓri-s di lemḥanUrğin ur t-tesfiḍ,Mi d-teldi allen,Am waggur deg yiḍ;Yemma xas tertem,Yiwen ur tt-yerkiḍ.

Yemma am tfiɣertYeddarayen uruz..Mi as-teɣli tezmert,Ad as-εellqen leḥruz.Ad d-teffeɣ si taddartUr d-teskan telluẓ.Yemma am tzerzertMmi-s mi t-tetthuz.

Sakkdeɣ di yemma,Tergagi-d tasa-w :Lqedd-is yekna,Tetḥennec-d ɣer tama-w.Ass-a, nemwalaTules-iyi-d arrawSenndeɣ tanafaTdel-iyi-d aεlaw.

Ʃmer MEZDADTafunast igujilen, sb 16

Asefru, tecna-t terbeεt “Tagrawla”Isestanen

1. Amek tettidir tyemmat-agi? suffeɣ-d awalen i d-yemmalen ay-a?2. Ayen ṭṭerḍiqen yiḍarren-is i usemmiḍ?3. Acuɣer urğin tesfiḍ iẓri-s?4. Anta tayemmat iɣef i d-ittmeslay umaru?5. Anti tiɣerwin ay tesεa tyemmat-agi?6. Amek tettwalim tayemmat-agi?7. Suffeɣ-d aktawal n ugemmir (iseɣ d tirrugza) seg uḍris-a.

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D nekk ara yarun

1. Err-d i yisestanen-a. Tifyar ara d-taruḍ, eg-d yis-sent aḍris asegzay ameẓẓyan.

- D acu i d takufit ?

- S wacu i tettwaxdam ?

- Acu ttarran deg-s ?

- Anwa ay tt-ibennun ?

- Acu n tɣawsiwin swayes i tt-bennun.

2. Ha-tent-i tefyar xerbent, seqεed-itent taruḍ-d aḍris ɣef wallal n « Imẓad ».

Allal n uẓawan - i yugten - imẓad - deg temnaḍt - kkatent-t - n yimucaɣ - tlawin. D nutenti - yiwen n wanziz - ur yewεir ara - aṭas n tɣawsiwin - yesεa kan - i lxedma - yeshel d ayen kan - maca laqent - akken ad t-id-txedmeḍ.

3. meslay-d ɣef ukermus: Ini-d melmi i yettewwa. Amek-it ugummu-ines ? Ini-d ma teshel neɣ tewεer tukksa-ines. Acu n wallal swayes i t-id-tekksen ? Anda i t-teẓẓun ?

4. muqqel tiseddarin-agi tiniḍ-d d acu-tent : ma d ullis neɣ d asegzi neɣ d aglam.

- Abazin d yiwet n tgella i xeddmen medden s yimɣan i d-gemren si lexla am : taɣeddiwt, azegḍuf, tiɣiɣac, asemmum…..

- Yiwet n tallit, yella yiwen n ugellid – agellid ɣas Rebbi- yesεa sebεa n warrac d yiwet n teqcict : arrac-nni xeddmen lexla ma d taqcict-nni txeddem axxam. Armi d yiwen wass truḥ ɣer tala….

- Nadiya d yiwet n tlemẓit ifulkin mačči d kra, aggur deg yigenni nettat di lqaεa. Tibeddi-s d taɣezzfant. Allen-is d tiwinaɣin ma d amzur-is am leḥrir, tberru-as-id ɣef tuyat….

5. Aru-d aḍris d ameẓẓyan ideg ara d-tsegziḍ yiwen wurar ay tḥemmleḍ.

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Aḍris

Urar n walqafen

Uraren n yigerdan, azal-nsen d ameqqran, am yiḍes d tgella. Daɣ-netta ulac agrud i d-yekkren ur yurar ara, ama netta d yimawlan-is, ama netta d watmaten-is neɣ d

tezyiwin-is deg uzniq.

Di tmetti taqbaylit, aṭas n wuraren i yellan. Yal tasemhuyt s wuraren-is. Tiggti seg-sen, tturaren-ten deg unebdu neɣ di tefsut. Llan wid tturaren ama d arrac, ama d tullas, llan wid i tturaren kan warrac. Uraren, mxalafen daɣen almend n leεmer.

Ger wuraren ay yellan, zik-nni, ad d-nebder: tiqqar, tiddas, ddabex, amqaddem, tuqqna- tuffra, tilellac, tamellaḥt, alqafen… lḥasul mačči d yiwen, yerna yal urar isεa ilugan-ines. D acu-ten dɣa yilugan n walqafen ? Melmi ay ten-tturaren ? Amek i ten-tturaren ?

Alqafen, d urar tturaren, arrac tullas, d acu kan, d tullas -ladɣa tilmeẓyin- i yettmilen aṭas ɣer wanaw-agi n wurar, acku tturaren-t deg uxxam.

Deg yizilan n unebdu ay tturaren medden alqafen aṭas, imi azal yettarra-d akk imdanen s axxam ; win ara iqeyylen ad iqeyyel, win yesεan kra n ccɣel ad t-yexdem, ma d wiyaḍ, tturaren way-gar-asen.

Ad yaɣ lḥal leqḍen-d alqafen ; xemsa n yiẓra d imecṭaḥ myugdan, yis-sen ara uraren. Wid ara yuraren, ad qqimen di lqaεa tasemmaḍt, ad msefhamen qbel, anwa ara yezwiren ; tikwal,

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izewwir win meqqren gar-asen, tikwal, ttagan mcelqef, win ara d-icleqfen aṭas d netta ara yezwiren.

Urar-agi, deg-s tẓat n takkayin : ad bdun si mm-yiwen. Di mm-yiwen, ad d-refden yiwen yiwen n ulqaf (mi ḍeggren yiwen s igenni, wayeḍ, ad t-id-refden si lqaεa, ad d-ṭṭfen, imir-nni win akken i d-yuɣalen seg yigenni). Mm-sin am mm-yiwen, d acu kan sin-sin ara d-tteddmen si lqaεa. Ad tt-awin akken alama d mm-rebεa, syin, ad d-uɣalen ɣer mm-xezzen. Mm-xezzen-agi, tturaren-t am mm-yiwen, ulac amgired gar-asen.Tis-seḍiset, d mm-berru : mi i d-refden yiwen n ulqaf ad d-brun i wayeḍ, alama bran-d i tlata, ad ten-refden imir-nni ɣef tikkelt. Tis-sat d mellal. Mellal-agi, yemgarad ɣef wayen i d-nebder akka ar tura, acku tid akk iεeddan yiwen n ulqaf kan ay ṭṭeggiren s igenni, ttaṭṭafen-t-id mi ara d-yuɣal. Ma d Mellal, di tazwara ad ḍeggren yiwen, ad d-refden wayeḍ, syin ɣer-s ad ḍeggren sin ad d-ddmen yiwen, dɣa ad ṭṭfen sin-nni alama ḍeggren rebεa. Tin uqbel taneggarut d mm-celqef : dagi ad ṭṭfen alqafen akk, ad ten- uwten s igenni s ulqaf wis-xemsa, ad ten-hudden, syin akkin win akken ara yuraren ad as-yini i ufna-s : « ini-tt », winna, ma iwala belli alqafen-nni mqaraben, ad as-yini : « lqeḍ-itt », ma iwala-ten mbaεaden, ad as-yini : « ḥerwi-tt ». Ma ilqeḍ-itt akken ilaq, ilaq-as ad yurar mm-yiwen i wakken ad d-nini belli ixdem-d taɣyult. Ma yella ixser uqbel ad d-yexdem taɣyult, d axsim-is ara yuraren nnuba-s, alama yexser ula d netta, ad ikemmel imir-nni umezwaru-nni seg wanda akken yeḥbes, mebla ma iεawed si tazwara.

Ɣer taggara n wurar, ma yessaweḍ win i wumi d-xedmen taɣyult ad tt-id-ifru, a lxir d rrbeḥ neɣ ma ulac, ad issuter i uxsim-is ad as-isemmeḥ. Winna, ma yebɣa ad as-isemmeḥ ad as-yini « semḥeɣ-ak am uyefki ay teṭṭḍeḍ si yemma-k », ma terṣel-it-id ur as-ittsemmiḥ ara i wakken ad as-yeddu di neqqma, ad as-yini : sekker sekker, dduḥ dduḥ, ur tettegririb ur tettnuḥ…

Kahina ḤIREC

Asegzi:Ufna,afna: axsim.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Acu n wuraren ay tturaren di temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?

2. Anta tallit ideg ten-tturaren ?

3. Anwa i ten-yetturaren ?

4. Anwa amkan ideg ten-tturaren ?

5. Acḥal n yimdanen i ten-yetturaren ?

6. Acḥal n takkayin i yesεa wurar-agi ?

7. Acu ay xeddmen yimurar qbel ad yebdu wurar ?

8. Bder-d ilugan n wurar-agi.

9. D acu yexdem umeskar deg uḍris-agi : igellem-d neɣ isegzay-d… ?

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Amawal1. Ismawen n wuraren

● Bder-d akk uraren n zik ay tessneḍ.

2. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt.● Yal amerḍil (awal azɣaray) qqen-it ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt i ilaq ad nessemras deg umkan-is.

Amerḍil Awal n tmaziɣt

Ḍegger Tisemhay

Lɛeb Azal

Lefṣul Tagrest

Lqut Myugdan

Lqima Nnmara

Ccetwa Zelli

Lexrif Anaw

Msawan Tawala

Ṣṣenf Afna

Axṣim Ḥertadem

Nneqma Tagella

La majorité Urar

Nnuba Tiggti

3. Asuddem n kra n yismawen n tigawt. Af-d imyagen seg d-iteffeɣ yisem n tigawt yebna am yimedyaten-a.

● Qqen tuqqna.

● Ffeɣ tuffɣa.

4. Tagetnamka d tlulɣa (talulɣa,d mi ara tili talɣa teɛdel, anamek yemgarad)

Awal, d agetnamkay mi ara yesɛu aṭas n yinumak. Zemren daɣen ad ilin sin wawalen ɛedlen deg talɣa maca ulac gar-asen assaɣ anamkay ; d ay-a i wumi qqaren talulɣa.Wali deg tefyar-a ma d tagetnamka neɣ d talulɣa

● Uraren n yigerdan, azal-nsen, d ameqqran● Azal yettarra-d akk imdanen s axxam.● Teqreḥ-it taɣect-is.● Telha taɣect-nni ay d-yecna.

● Yebna axxam ack-it.● Sliɣ ad yerr axxam deg unebdu-a

● Taddart-iw tezga-d deg yiɣil.● Ixuṣṣ-as yiɣil n lkettan.

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TajerrumtAnammal n usentel

Ɣer imedyaten-a :

● Yebna-asen urgaz axxam i warraw-is.● Argaz, yebna-asen axxam i warraw-is.● Axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz i warraw-is.● Arraw-is, yebna-asen urgaz axxam.● Arraw-is, axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz.● Argaz, arraw-is, yebna-asen axxam.

Isestanen1. Af-d ul n tefyirt tamezwarut, meḥsub tafyirt taddayt: ayen ur nezmir ad ittwakkes.2. D acu-ten wawalen i d-yernan ɣer umyag (ul n tefyirt) ?3. Serwes tafyirt tamezwarut ɣer tiyaḍ. D acu ibeddlen?4. I deg unamek beddlent kra neɣ ala? (Xas ulama cwiṭ maḍi).5. Acuɣer i d-ttwazewren yismawen-agi? D acu i d-mmalen?

Ad cfuɣ

Anammal n usentel d isem (neɣ ahat sin) ilelli, yettili di tazwara n tefyirt uqbel amyag. Yemmal-d asentel n tefyirt. Win yettmeslayen yemmal-d s uẓawan n taɣect-is belli isem anammal n usentel yesεa azal meqqren deg unamek n tefyirt :

imensi, yečča.Tettili daɣen tesgunfut ger unammal n usentel d yiḥricen niḍen n tefyirt. Di tira, tasgunfut-

a, temmal-itt-id tefrayt.

Iluɣma

1 - Af-d inammalen n usentel yellan di tefyar i d-iteddun● Inebgi, yečča imensi.● Yečča yinebgi imensi.● Imensi, inebgi, yečča.● Aẓru, yettawi-t-id netta.● Atmaten-is, uɣalen-d ɣer tmurt.● Akal, fergen-t akk.● Tameddakkelt-is, yuzen-as tijeğğigin.

2 - Ha-tent-a tefyar d timagnuyin, err-itent d tifyar ideg ara yili unammal n usentel

● Ffɣen yirgazen ɣer lexla.● Ur as-ttgen ara azal i tmussni.● Yugar-ik umeddakkel-ik leεmer.● Iɣza ufellaḥ tiregwa i yisekla-s.

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TaseftitAmaɣun n yizri ibaway

Ɣer imedyaten-a :● Win yunagen, ad yissin.● Win ur nunag, ur yettissin.

Isestanen:1. Amek i as-neqqar i talɣa n umyag “ yunagen” ?2. Sleḍ talɣa n umyag “yunagen”3. Ma nbeddel tawsit neɣ amḍan, ad tbeddel talɣa n umyag neɣ ala?4. Ẓer daɣen ma ad tbeddel talɣa n umyag “ ur nunag”

● Win ur nunag. ● Tin …………● Wid ………. ● Tid …………

5. D acu-t ihi umyag “ur nunag”?6. Serwes ger talɣa n umyag “ yunagen” akked tin n umyag “ur nunag”. Acu twalaḍ?

Ad cfuɣ

Yella umaɣun ilaway, yella umaɣun ibaway. Amɣun ibaway am umaɣun ilaway ur yettbeddil ara almend n tewsit d umḍan. Yettaleɣ akka : n + afeggag n umyag ɣer yizri ibaway. Deg umur ameqqran n temnaḍin, temgarad talɣa n umaɣun ibaway ɣef tin n umaɣun ilaway : « i » n tazwara yettruḥu « n » n taggara yettuɣal-d ɣer sdat.

Amaɣun ilaway : win iruḥen i + ruḥ n

Amaɣun ibaway : win ur nruḥ n + ruḥ

Tamawt : di kra n temnaḍin, ur semgiriden ara ger talɣa n umaɣun ilaway d tin n umaɣun ibaway. D amedya qqaren : win yuran, win ur yurin.

Iluɣma

1- Af-d amaɣun ibaway d umaɣun ilaway di tefyar i d-iteddun● Amezruy yers ɣef tira, win ur nuri ara, isem-is yessared-it unẓar.● Win yeččan, yečča; win ur nečči, tarbut tekkes.● Win yeddren, ad t-id-bedren.● Win i as-yennan tiẓgi texla, i yexlan, d netta.● Ur nečči, ur nerbiḥ ay ul, ur nemniε di ccḥani.

2- Sileɣ-d amɣun n yizri ilaway d umaɣun n yizri ibaway n yimyagen-a

Amyag Amaɣun ilaway Amaɣun ibaway

DduFfeɣFresAwiMuqqel

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TirawaltTamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila

Ɣer amedya-a :

● Ad d-yas azekka yerna ad d-yawi takerrust.

Isestanen1. Acḥal n yimyagen i yellan ?2. Tigawin n yimyagen zrint neɣ zerrint neɣ ad zrint… ?3. Acu n tmeẓra n yimyagen ?4. Amek i ten-id-teɣriḍ ?5. Acu ur d-tenṭiqeḍ ara deg yimyagen-agi ?6. Amek i ten-nura ?7. Acu n tamawt i tzemreḍ ad d-tegreḍ ihi ?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara temlil tzelɣa n wurmir « ad » akked tzelɣa n tnila « d », tazelɣa-nni n wurmir tettruḥu deg ususru maca tuwi-d ad tili di tira. Md : - Ad d-yas azekka. Neɣra-t-id « A d-yas » maca nura-t « ad d-yas » acku d tazelɣa n

wurmir « ad » i d-yemmalen urmir s « ad » . Ihi tuwi-d ad tt-naru deg umyag xas ma deg ususru tettuɣal d [a] kan .

Iluɣma

1. Tazabut

● Ad d-yas deg usafag, ad d-yers deg unafag n Lezzayer tamaneɣt.

● Ad d-iruḥ alama d dagi akken ad d-yini amek ara nexdem i ujrad ifukken iqwiren.

● Ad d-yas uselway n Tuddsa n yiwunak yeddukklen ɣer tmurt-nneɣ, aseggas-agi.

● Bɣiɣ ad d-iniɣ, ad yifsus wul-iw.

2- Err tifyar-agi ɣer wurmir s « ad » tbeddleḍ ayen i d-tuwi ad ibeddel.

● Yejba-d si tmurt n tgella d usemmiḍ, yenna-d amek xeddmen akken ad d-sukksen aṭas n yidrimen.

● Yuɣal-d xas akken ur tebɣin ara.

● Yusa-d acku iḥemmel aṭas tamurt.

● Di tmeɣra-nni-ines irḍel-d aṭas n yidrimen.

● Tsawel-d tamacahut n Tfunast n Yigujilen i warraw n mmi-s.

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AḍrisTakerza

Takerza, d armud agejdan deg tfellaḥt. Zik-nni, di Tmazɣa, tamurt n tfellaḥt d tkessawt, xeddmen-as tameɣra i tkerza acku d ansay axatar ɣur-sen : yis-s i d-sasayen tagella-nsen.

Yal axxam, ɣur-s tayuga n yizgaren neɣ snat maḍi acku d tinna kan i d tafellaḥt-nsen, tinna i d abaɣur n warraw-nsen. Tafellaḥt d taqdimt di tmazɣa, yesnefli-tt ugellid Masensen.

Tafugla n tkerza, beddun-tt deg wussan imenza n Yiweğğiben, qqaren-as daɣ n Ḥertadem.

Ass amenzu n tkerza, ttmaggaren-t yifellaḥen s tumert d tameqqrant : tanezzayt-nni n tkerza, ad d-kkren zik, uqbel ad teffeɣ tyuga ɣer tkerza, ad asen-dehnen acciwen-is s zzit n uzemmur, syen ad ṭṭfen yifellaḥen abrid ɣer yigran-nsen. Ass-nni, yal win yesεan tayuga ad tt-id-isuffeɣ. Mi uwḍen ɣer yiεreqyab-nsen, ad bdun ad kerzen. Win ifukken ad iεiwen wiyiḍ. Degmi, di tallit-nni, yal tardast n wakal tettwakraz. I wakken ad fakken takerza deg uzemz-is, xeddmen s umedwel, kerzen kra yellan d taferka akken ad teffukti, ad d-tefk ṣṣaba.

ilmend n wass-nni, tilawin ttnawalent acewwaḍ d tmellatin tuftiyin, ttawin-ten yifellaḥen yid-sen d aεwin ɣer lexla.

Mi d-tuweḍ tallit n yimekli, ad msawalen yifellaḥen, ad d-nejmaεen ɣer yiwen n umkan akken ad ččen. Udem-nni amezwaru n ucewwaḍ ad t-fken i yizgaren ad t-ččen. Ussan-nni imezwura, ttfarasen-ten yifellaḥen i tkerza yerna yal ass, s tgella-s : ass amezwaru, ad sewwen

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acewwaḍ d yidernan, ass wis sin, d berkukes akken ad kksen lhemm ɣef-sen ; wis kraḍ, ad sewwen uftiyen akken ad ftin yimenda-nsen ; wis ukkuẓ, ad niwlen seksu s yimɣan akken ad tezzegzew lɣella-nsen, ad tfukti, ad ternu ad teğğuğeg.

Ʃ. LEWNIS

Asegzi n wawalen :

Idernan : lesfenğ

Amedwel : meḥsub wa yettεawan wa, s nnuḅa.

Takessawt : aṛebbi n lmal : izgaren, ulli, tiɣeṭṭen…

Abaɣur : lfayda, rrbeḥ.

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. melmi kerrzen yifellaḥen tiferkiwin-nsen ?

2. Acuɣer i tent-kerrzen ?

3. Amek ttmaggaren medden ass amezwaru n tkerza ?

4. s wacu ay t-ttmaggaren ?

5. D acu i d takerza ?

6. Amek i d-yebda umeskar aḍris-is ?

7. Deg uḍris-a, ameskar, igellem-d neɣ iḥekku-d neɣ isegzay-d ?

Ini-d d acu i t-id-yemmalen ?

Tagzemt tis6

- Win yebɣan aman,yerr ɣer tala.

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Asefru

Bu-tjewwaqt

A bu-tjewwaqt a bu-yicelqanTaɣect-ik am yilizeq

Aṭas n medden i k-iranTilelli deg wul-ik la treqq

Anwa tufiḍ d imawlanAla itran d ucewweq

Bu-tjewwaqt izga yeḍsaIsefsusuy ulawen

Ɣas d agujil tegzem tasaUr as-d-ɣellin yimeṭṭawen

D tjewwaqt-is i yensaI ccetwa deg yideflawen

Mi ttazzalen yiḍudan-isIttlal-d kra d amxalefIles- ines urğin yeqqis

Yugi win illan d imcennefAd icnu zeddig wul-is

Tajewwaqt-is d asḥissef

Ittɣaḍ uqcic bu-tjewwaqtWinna ur nezmir i nnḥasMi i d-tuɣwas d taleqqaqt

Tettekkes acciwen i yimednasAss-a nɣan-t ur d-tban tafatḌeggren-t s agudu ẓẓulen-as

Ʃmer MEZDADTafunast igujilen, isefra, 2ème Edition, 1991

Isestanen

1. Anwa-t bu-tjewwaqt iɣef d-yettmeslay umedyaz deg uḍris ?

2. Melmi i icennu bu-tjewwaqt ?

3. Acu i t-id-yemmalen deg uḍris ?

4. Acu i t-yessawḍen armi yekkat tajewwaqt ?

5. Ɣef wacu i icennu ?

6. Acḥal n tseddarin i yesεa usefru-a ?

7. Acḥal n yifyar i tla yal taseddart ?

8. Amek teddes tmeɣrut deg usefru-a ?

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D nekk ara yarun

1. Aḍris-agi ixreb. Seqεed tifyar akken iwata terreḍ-t d aḍris asegzay.

Tuqqna tuffra, d ..........................………

…………………………………………………………………...............................................................................................................................………………..

Daɣ netta ..........................……… iteqqen ..........................………

- …….. ur ittaṭṭaf ula yiwen.

- urar ideg yettili yiwen deg warrac ibɣan ad leεben iteqqen allen-is

- Akken ara ffren akk ad d-isuɣ yiwen deg-sen ad as-yini « Tewwa »

- Amkan ideg ittɣimi win iqqnen qqaren-as: Miḥlal.

- deg lweqt ideg ttruḥun yimeddukkal-is mkul yiwen d anda ara yeffer.

- Win iqqnen isefk ad inadi ɣef wid iffren, yerna kra n win ara d-ikecmen miḥlal, dayen, imneε seg tuṭṭfa.

- kra n win ara iṭṭef yuqem-as « ğuɣğuɣ» meḥsub ikreḍ-as deg uqerru-s, ad ixelleṣ, ad yuɣal deg umkan-is.

- imir-nni win yeqqnen, ad d-yeldi allen-is, ad ibdu anadi ɣef wid iffren ;

2. Ha-t-a usefru n Si Muḥend U Mḥend, ɣer-it tsegziḍ-d amek yebna: tiseddarin, ifyar, tameɣrut, tisawalin.

Idewwer lbabur yuɣwasMedden akk, slan-asAy d-yexleq lleh deg lɣaci

Bdan nedhen rreyyasYal wa s lkarṭa-sIɛessasen ɣef leḥwaci

Ma d yiwen am nekk teεkes-asRuḥen ǧğan-t watma-sNnan-as : wa d aḥcayci.

3. Fren yiwen gar yisental-a, taruḍ-d aḍris asegzay: ( d alaɣmu, ad t-xedmen deg uxxam)

● Tibuɣarin.

● Tuzzya n lmelḥ (mi yurnan ugrud).

● Ddabex n ufus (ilugan-is).

● Aleqqem n yisekla.

Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw

Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?

Wali ma tzemreḍ ?

1. Ad takzeḍ aḍris asegzay?

2. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger uḍris asawlay d uḍris asegzay?

3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ takala deg uḍris asegzay?

4. Ad d-tsegziḍ kra n taluft neɣ n wansay?

5. Ad d-taruḍ aḍris ideg ara d-tsegziḍ neɣ ad d-tgelmeḍ?

Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:

6. ……….weḥd-k?

7. ……… di sin?

8. ……… d ugraw?

9. ……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?

Muqel ma tzemreḍ?

10. Ad takzeḍ asemmad usrid deg tefyirt?

11. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger usemmad arusrid d usemmad s tenzeɣt?

12. Ad takzeḍ anammal n usentel?

13. Ad takzeḍ asemmad agensay?

14. Ad takzeḍ amaɣun n wurmir ussid d umaɣun n yizri ibaway?

15. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tmeẓra n yimyagen?

16. Ad tesmerseḍ tizdit anda iwata?

17. Ad taruḍ mebla tamsertit d+t, ḍ+t anda tlaq?

- +

Amur wis kraḍ :

Tira n uḍris asegzay.(ussnan)

Ad ɣreɣ aḍris asegzay, ad waliɣ amek i tmugg tmeṣkiwt-is i wakken:

1 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-segzayen kra n tumant tussnant.

2 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i tetteddu tkala-s.

Amur

wis

kra

ḍ

Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira

7

- Ansi i d-itekk

ugeffur ? sb : 72

- Aman sb : 78

- Asefru : Ajeğğig sb :

80

Tajerrumt: Asemmad

agensay sb : 75

Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir

ibaway sb : 76Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila

sb : 77

Asegzi n tumant tussnant

8

- Anagraw n yiṭij sb :

82

- Amtiweg n Umaḍal

sb : 88

- Asefru : Igujilen sb :

90

Tajerrumt: Tafyirt tumyigt

d tefyirt tarumyigt : sb : 85

Taseftit: Tafelwit n tseftit

sb : 86

Tirawalt: Tamsertit : « d »

n tnila + amqim awsil n

umyag sb : 87

Asegzi n tumant tussnant

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Aḍris

Ansi i d-itekk ugeffur ?

mi ara d uwten waqqaren n yiṭij ɣef tmurt, ttraggaten waman yellan deg yigarawen akked wid yellan deg wakal.

D tazɣelt n yiṭij i yesraggaten aman n yigarawen d yisaffen d wid n wuggugen. Ula d aman ssagren yimɣan ttalin ɣer tegnewt, d ay-agi i wumi qqaren tuccfa. Iraggen-nni simal yessalay-iten waḍu, simal ttismiḍen, ttuɣalen d timiqwa n waman neɣ d ibruyen n ubruri neɣ d tilezda n udfel.

Yiwen n umur deg waman i d-iɣellin, itess-it wakal, ma d amur niḍen yettuɣal ansi i d-yekka : yettazzal deg yisaffen, yettuɣal ɣer yillen d yigarawen.

Mi ara d-uwten waṭas n waman gellun-d s twaɣiwin : ittseyyix wakal, derrmen yixxamen. D isyaxen-agi i imesslen udem n wakal.

Ʃli LEWNIS

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Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Acimi ttalin waman ɣer tegnewt ?

2. Melmi i ttuɣalen waman d iraggen ?

3. D acu i ten-yettarran d iraggen ?

4. Acu i d-yettawin asigna ?

5. Melmi i d-ɣellint tmiqwa-agi d ageffur ?

6. Anda ttarran waman i d-iɣellin si tegnewt ?

7. mi ara d-ɣlin aṭas n waman n ugeffur, s wacu i d-gellun?

Tagzemt tis7

- Anida akken ḍemεeɣ tafat,ay ufiɣ lehwa tekkat.

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Amawal

1 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris aktawal n lḥamu, tefkeḍ-d sin yimedyaten s wawalen ara d-tafeḍ

2 - Suffeɣ-d daɣen seg uḍris aktawal n waman tiniḍ-d anamek n yal yiwen deg-sen.

3 - Acu i d anamek n wawal : igellu-d ?

4 - Muqel amedya tkemmleḍ, tinid-d d acu twalaḍ.

● Ɣli aɣelluy● Zwi …........……

● Fsi …........……

● Xsi …........……

● Bri …........……

● Fti …........……

● Sli …........……

● Mzi …........……

5 - Efk-d anamek ila wawal «tamurt» di yal tafyirt.

● Amur ameqqran seg waman-agi yettarra ɣer ddaw tmurt.

● Yejjem tamurt.

● Yezdeɣ di tmurt n Leqbayel.

● Yessekra akk tamurt-is.

● Ɣlin-d waman ɣef tmurt.

6 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris anemgal n « seḥmu ».

7 - Efk-d krad n wawalen icerken azar d yisem: timiqwa.

8 - Deg uḍris yella yiwen wawal d uddis, af-it-id, tiniḍ-d amek yeddes.

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TajerrumtAsemmad agensay

ɣer Imedyaten-a :● Rẓan-aɣ tirẓi n ubuqal.● Yessared tarda n umcic.● Ikerrez takerza n ulɣem.● Yedder tudert rẓagen.● yetturar urar d amencuf.● la yettaḍsa taḍsa tawraɣt.

Isestanen :1. Di yal tafyirt, af-d amyag.2. Amek i asen-qqaren i wawalen irennun ɣer umyag ?3. Amek qqnen s amyag wid n tefyar-a, srid neɣ tella tenzeɣt ?

4. D acu icerken isem amezwaru d umyag (wali ma ttemyilin s uẓar neɣ ala) ?5. Wali daɣen d acu-ten wawalen i d-yernan ɣef yisem amezwaru. Tzemreḍ ad ten-tekkseḍ ?6. Yezmer umqim awsil ad yessenfel isemmaden-a i d-yernan ɣer umyag ?7. Deg wacu ttemcabin yisemmaden-a ɣer usemmad usrid ? Deg wacu ay mgaraden ?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara yili usemmad n umyag yebna ɣef yisem n tigawt n umyag-nni uɣur yeqqen, yerna rnan-d ɣur-s wawalen niḍen (n+ isem, arbib, amaɣun, d n tilawt+arbib), qqaren-as asemmad agensay. Asemmad-agi, yettas-d deffir n umyag, yeqqen ɣur-s srid, addad-is d ilelli.

Yemgarad ɣef usemmad usrid deg way-a :

● Asemmad agensay d isem n tigawt n umyag-nni uɣur yeqqen, ma d asemmad usrid xaṭi.

● Asemmad agensay ur yezmir ara ad yili s yiwen wawal kan ; mernaw ɣef yisem n tigawt, tamara ad ilin wawalen niḍen (tirẓi n ubuqal. Takerza n ulɣem. Taḍsa tawraɣt atg.)

Iluɣma 1. Af-d isemmaden igensayen ma llan deg tefyar-a

● Berrik tebrek n tasilt.● Yečča aɣrum yeqquren.● Yečča učči n uderwic.● Ileḥḥu tikli tuɛwijt.● Yuwet-it tiyita n lmut.● Yeswa tissit i d-yuɣ.● Yeswa tissit n tuffɣa n leɛqel.

2. Aru-d s ɣur-k/m snat n tefyar ad yili deg-sent usemmad agensay.

1 1 12 2 2

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Taseftit

Amaɣun n wurmir ussid ibaway

Ɣer amedya-a :

● Win iteddun ɣef tidet yessawaḍ.

Isestanen :1. D acu-t wawal-a yettuderren ?2. Beddel tawsit d umḍan i umqim ameskan « win » twaliḍ ma yella kra ibeddlen deg umyag

« iteddun ».3. D acu-t ihi umyag-agi?4. Sleḍ talɣa-ines.5. Err amyag yettuderren ɣer tibawt, akka :

● Win ur ………….. ɣef tidet yessawaḍ.6. sikked d acu ibeddlen deg umyag ger talɣa tamezwarut d wamek yella tura.

Ad cfuɣ

Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway am win n yizri ibaway yettaleɣ s (ur…..ara) akked ubeddel di talɣa n umaɣun ilaway :

Win iteddun =

Win ur nteddu =

i teddu n

n teddu

« i » n tazwara itekkes, « n » n taggara yettuɣal ɣer tazwara.

Iluɣma

1 - Akez amaɣun n wurmir ibaway di tefyar –agi.● D win akken yeddurin i yessburrun tarakna.● Ssuq d ssbeḥ, win ur neqḍi lerbaḥ fukken.● Tesdukkel lḥemla win yecfan d win itettun.● A wid ur neggan , deg uzal, ttargun.● Argaz ur nxeddem, efk-as taruka ad yellem.

2 - Err imaɣunen n wurmir ɣer talɣa tibawayt.● D amaḍal i itezzin i yiṭij.● D ageffur ara d-yessemɣin tuga.● A widak yeɣran, iḥessben rennun.

3- Smed tafelwit-a

Amyag Amaɣun wurmir ussid ilaway Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway

ẒerFresMuqqelIli

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Tagzemt tis7

TirawaltTamsertit : « d » n tnila + amqim awsil n umyag

Ɣer imedyaten-a :

● Netta, yura-as-d; kečč, yessawel-ak-d.● Tessawel-asen-d temɣart tamacahut.

Isestanen :

1. Af-d anida tella tzelɣa n tnila.

2. Acu-t wawal yellan uqbel tazelɣa n tnila?

3. Wali ma akken i d-nenṭeḍ amqim awsil i t-turiḍ.

4. Limer ad as-nernu “i” i tzelɣa n tnila ad tuɣal “id-”, ad yeεdel lmenṭeq d tira neɣ ala?

Ad cfuɣ

Mi ara ternu tzelɣa n tnila “d” ɣer umqim awsil n umyag asemmad arusrid, ama d win n wudem wis 2 n wasuf amalay (yenna-ak-d) ama d win n wudem wis 3 n wasuf (yenna-as-d) ama d win n wudem wis 3 n usget amalay (yenna-asen-d), imesli [k] d [s] n yimqimen iwsilen ttuɣalen [g] d [z] deg umeslay :

[yenna-ag-d] [yenna-azen-d]

Mi ara yili “i” gar-asen, ulac tamsertit. Di tira, yella “i” neɣ ulac-it, ad tekkes tmsertit .

Iluɣma

1 - Tazabut (ad d-iɣer uselmad s temsertit.)● Tamaziɣt, tban, iserreḥ-as-d zzman.

● Rnu-iyi ɣer wid-nni iruḥen mi sen-d-ssawlen, asmi akken d-tuweḍ lgirra.

● Uriɣ-as-d tabrat neɣ ma snat, ur ak-d-yenni ara.

● Widak zemren ad as-d-ssewwen lexrif di tegrest.

● Err-as-d s lexbar, azekka.

2 - Senfel isemmaden yettuderren s yimqimen iwsilen, ales-as tira i yal tafyirt.1. Yeğğa-d i warraw-is.2. Yefka-d yiwen n umur i kečč.

3. Yuɣ-d tiḥlawatin i netta.

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Aḍris Aman

Aman d asafar yesḍulin i tudert. Mebla aman, ulac tudert. Segmi d-iban umdan amezwaru ɣer tudert, yufa-d llan waman, armi yuɣal ur yettarra ara tidmi-s ɣur-sen. xuḍi aman

sεan azal mačči d kra, i umdan neɣ i uɣersiw neɣ i yimɣi.

Γef wakken i d-nnan yimassanen, ad ilin azal n 1.40 n yimelyaren n yikilumitren ugsisen (km3) n waman deg Umaḍal.

Amur ameqqran (97%) llan deg yigarawen d yillen, ayen i d-yeggran yella deg yigdizen (2%), deg yimdunen, deg yisaffen, di ttra n wakal akked uzwu neɣ di tignewt.

Deg uwines wis 17, ufan-d belli aman n yillen akked wid n wakal ttraggaten, ttalin ɣer tegnewt, ttuɣalen ɣellin-d d ageffur, d abruri neɣ d adfel.

Deg wakal, drus n waman i yellan, d ayen i wumi qqaren ttra.

Ddaw n wakal, aman ttnejmaεen di tefrawin, keccmen deg yiẓra neɣ ttezririgen gar-asen.

Tasmekta n waman temgarad si tmurt ɣer tayeḍ, llant tid yesεan, llan tid ixussen εlaḥsab n umkan ideg d-zgant deg Umaḍal akked unezwu.

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Ass n wass-a, aṭas n yiɣerfan i la yettcetkin ɣef waman, maca ur asen-fkin ara azal, ur asen-xdimen ara ttawil swayes ara ten-ḥerzen. Ɣef way-a, tamurt-nneɣ yessefk-as ad tεiwed tamuɣli di tsertit n usefrek n waman. Tuwi-d ɣef yal yiwen, ad yesseḥbiber ɣef waman : ma ad nqedwan, ad tenger ddunit.

Ʃli LEWNIS

Asegzi :Igdizen (agdiz) : Amaḍal, ɣur-s sin yigdizen, win n ugafa d win n unẓul, d imenẓawen n udfel .

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Ansi i d-tekken waman ?2. Anwa abrid i d-ttawin ?3. Amek i ttuɣalen d ageffur, d adfel neɣ d abruri ?4. Acu n ufmiḍi n waman i yellan deg Umaḍal ?5. Anda ttarran waman i d-iɣellin ?6. Acuɣer temgarad tesmekta n waman si temnaḍt ɣer tayeḍ ?7. Amek i ilaq ad nseḥbiber ɣef waman ?8. Acu i izemren ad d-iḍru lemmer ad negren waman ?

Tagzemt tis7

- Awal, d aẓref;tasusmi, d ureɣ.

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Refden-t iseggaden n tafatWid izedɣen akkin i waguD imnayen, d at-umzur yeddal tuyatAt-lebraq seg ufus la ileḥḥuFkan-t i waggur bu-lmeryatGer yitran yerra-tGar-asen ad yedhuLa ireqq deg yigenni nwala-tMeskin yuggad ad t-nettu.Itran, uran isem-is di tegnewtD ayen ur yezmir ḥedd ad t-yemḥuMa twalam itri i wumi tzad tafatẒret d netta i aɣ-id-yehdan asefru.

MUHEB

AsefruAjeğğig

Yegma ujeğğig di lefjerYecreq yiṭij ɣef ssifa-sXas yiwen wass kan i yedderCfan akk medden fell-asUr yessin meskin umgerArmi yekcem ɣer yiger Igzem-it di ttnasfaɣas yemmut mačči yengerImi azekka ad d-yekker gma-s

Teẓram acḥal d ajeğğig yemɣin D tgejda yulin Asmi i d-yuwet uḥemmalNufa, ziɣ, kra ibedden yettmal.Ur nuki mi yuwet lebraqTers-d tafat seg yigenniYenhez udrar yeṭṭerḍeqSi zzhir ur aɣ-iban ansiAjeğğig iɣab, yeεreq Dayen iruḥ, a wi iẓran sani ?

Yecna-t Yidir, deg tesfift : Iseggaden n tafat

Isestanen

1. Asefru-a, yebna am tmacahut. Suffeɣ-d ayen i d-yemmalen amakun (ayen ur nezmir ad yeḍru di tilawt, di tmacahut kan i yezmer ad yili).

2. Suffeɣ-d tlata n tegnatin n tmacahut.

3. Anwa i d-yettmeslayen deg usefru : kkes-d ayen i t-id-yemmalen deg uḍris.

4. Anwa i wumi yettmeslay : kkes-d ayen i t-id-yemmalen deg uḍris.

5. Acu i tfehmeḍ di tefyirt : Nufa, ziɣ, kra ibedden yettmal.

6. Ma ajeğğig d azamul n umdan, amdan-a ad yili yesεa azal neɣ d menwala ? ayɣer ?

7. Iseggaden n tafat, bɣan-as ayen yelhan neɣ ayen n dir i ujeğğig ?

8. Ma neṭṭef afir aneggaru, d acu i yezmer ad yili ujeğğig ?

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D nekk ara yarun

1. Asegzi :1 - Acu i d ageffur ?2 - Acu i d adfel ?3 - Acu i d aman ?4 - Acu i d tafyirt ?5 - Acu i d anebdu ?

2 - ini-d d acu-t wanaw n yal aḍris :

Imeddukkal n ugama.1 ur neqqet ara iɣersiwen.

2 Ur gezzmet ara isekla.

3 Ur sruɣut ara tiẓegwa.

4 Kkret akken ma nella ad nḥarbet ɣef ugama.

Uccen, inisi d yizem

Yiwet n tikkelt yecrek yinisi, uccen d yizem takerza d tmegra. Asmi fukken, srewten, sazedgen. Yeqqim kan ad bḍun. Nnan-as i wuccen : « Kker bḍu-aneɣ ! » Uccen yebḍa, yenna : « tagi i nekk. Yewwet-it yizem ɣer yixef, imrez-it, yessazzel-as-d idammen. Ineggez-d yinisi yenna-as : « Jbed iman-ik, wali ad tissineḍ ad tebḍuḍ ! » Yeṭṭef yinisi amud, yenna : « Bismillah, tagi d yiwet i εemmi izem, tagi d tis snat i yizem, tagi d tis kradet… kuzet, semmuset, seddiset i εemmi izem, yiwet i nekk, yiwet i εemmi uccen. »

Yenna-as yizem : « Anwa i k-islemden tiḥerci-a ? » Yenna-as : « D ixef n wuccen i yettazzalen d idammen ».

Amagger n tefsut

Amagger n tefsut d ansay ilan assaɣ akked ugama. D tagnit ideg d-mmalen medden tumert nsen imi d-yuki ugama seg umeɣrud n tegrest, ama d imɣan ama d ibeεεac. Ansay-agi d asfillet i lɣella akked uǧuǧǧeg n tudert.

Deg umenzu n tefsut, ttenkaren medden di tafrara i wakken ur yeggan ara sseεd nsen. Uqbel alluy n yiṭij, ad yebdu umeslay d unecreḥ.

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AḍrisAnagraw n yiṭij

Anagraw n Yiṭij d tagrumma n yimtiwgen itezzin i Yiṭij. Maca mačči d imtiwgen kan i yellan. Llan daɣen yimazzayen d yitran uɣzifen d yizunetran.

D iṭij i d talemmast n unagraw-agi, yugar akk imtiwgen i as-id-itezzin. Iṭij d takurt ireqqen ; yettarew-d taẓɣelt d tsaraɣt. Tifesniwin n teẓɣelt s-ufella-ines kkant nnig n semmus n yigiman (5000).

Tẓa (9) n yimtiwgen i itezzin i yiṭij. Yal yiwen deg-sen itezzi daɣen ɣef yiman-is. Ma yekka-d umdan seg yiṭij, Amaḍal, d wis krad (03). Llan sin gar-as d yiṭij : Markur, akked Wanes. Deffir Umaḍal llan seddis (06): Meɣres, Yebṭer, deffir-s Wasturn, Wranes, Nebtun, Bluten. D Yebter i d ameqqran akk ger-asen. Amur ameqqran n yimtiwgen sεan imazzayen. Wigad-agi frurin-d seg yimtiwgen-nni i wumi tezzin. Ger yimazzayen, nezmer ad d-nebder Aggur itezzin i Umaḍal. Snat tmerwin d tẓa (29) n wussan d uzgen i itekk Waggur i wakken ad as-id-yezzi. Kra n yimtiwgen sεan aṭas n yimazzayen.

Ɣer tama n yimtiwgen d yimazzayen-nsen, llan daɣen yitran-uɣzifen akked yizunetran. Itran-uɣzifen, ulɣen s yiẓra d uɣebbar d udfel. Tezzin i yiṭij am yimtiwgen. Mi ara aẓen ɣer yiṭij, ifessi udfel-nni i ten-idlen, itteffeɣ-d seg-sen lgaz, tteftutusen yiẓra-nni, yettafeg-d uɣebbar dɣa ttbinin-d zzuɣuren imezran neɣ taseṭṭa ɣer deffir. Izunetran, aṭas i yellan. Mgaraden di talɣa, wa meqqer, wa meẓẓi.

R. ƩACUR

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Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. D acu i d anagraw n yiṭij ?

2. Acḥal n yimtiwgen i yellan deg unagraw n yiṭij ?

3. Ma yekka-d bnadem seg yiṭij, anda i d-yezga Umaḍal ?

4. Imtiwgen, sεan imazzayen, anwa i d amazzay n Umaḍal ?

5. Ayɣer i d-ttbinin yitran-uɣzifen amzun zuɣuren imezran neɣ taseṭṭa ?

6. Tafyirt tamezwarut n uḍris d tumyigt neɣ d tarumyigt ?

7. Ayɣer ?

8. Aḍris-a, yessegzay-d neɣ iḥekku-d ?

9. Limer ad twaliḍ timeẓra uɣur ftin yimyagen n tseddart tis kradet, anta timeẓri i yugten.

Tagzemt tis8

- A win i wumi yeshel walluy,ḥader iman-ik di trusi.

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Amawal

1. Isem n tigawt :1.1. Amyag fsi yesεa isem n tigawt afsay. (asalaɣ n umyag : RRI1, ma d win n yisem n tigawt :

aR1R2aR3.1.2. Af-d imyagen niḍen yesεan asalaɣ am win n umyag fsi, suffeɣ-d isem n tigawt-nsen.1.3. Af-d ismawen n tigawt n yimyagen-a :

● gzem,

● fres,

● fren.Amek iga usalaɣ n yismawen n tigawt i d-yekkan seg yimyagen-a ma tesrewseḍ-ten ɣer « afsay ».

1.4. Imyagen am « fsi » ttfakkan s « i » ma d ismawen n tigawt nsen ttfakkan s « y ». Amek ihi, i yezmer ad yili uẓar n yimyagen-a, zik-nni ?

2. Af-d anwa amyag yezdi uẓar akked wawal « Amaḍal ».

3. Af-d anwa awal seg i d-yettwasuddem wawal : « anagraw ».

4. Asuddem n tɣara1.1 Awal « talemmast » d asuddim, af-d anwa awal i uɣur yerna « l » i wakken ad yaleɣ.1.2 Acu twalaḍ deg wawal « ilemẓi », ansi i d-yekka, acu i yernan ɣur-s ?

5. Awal « amazzay » d isem n umigaw, yekka-d seg umyag « zzi », yerna ɣur-s « m » dɣa yuɣal yemmal « win ixedmen tigawt ». Ger yimyagen-agi, af-d anwi i d-yettakken isem n umigaw, aru-ten-id.

Amyag Isem n umigaw

Zdeɣ

Aker

Ini

Eks

Glu

Aru

6. Tunẓarin :

● Tagertilt n nnḥas, ur tettneqlab, ur tettnefḍas, siwa Rebbi ma izmer-as. D acu-tt ?

● Tabaqit n tmellalin, tennegdam, ur tenɣil. D acu-tt ?

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Tagzemt tis5

Tajerrumt

Tafyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt

ɣer imedyaten-a :● Ass-a, yekkat udfel deg udrar.● Ass-a, d adfel deg udrar.● N wasif, waman-a.● Ɣur-s aqcic d teqcict, tmeṭṭut-agi ?.● Am wudi, uyefki-nsen.

Isestanen :

1. Deg tefyirt tamezwarut d tefyirt tis snat, anwa ay d awal ur nezmir ad yettwakkes ? Meḥsub yezmer ad yili mebla ma llan wiyiḍ.

2. Deg unamek, tifyar-a ɛedlent neɣ mgaradent ? I deg lebni, ɛedlent neɣ ala?3. Af-d, daɣen, ger wawalen n tefyar i d-yeggran, anwa ay d taɣayemt (llsas).4. Deg wacu ay temgarad ihi tefyirt tamezwarut ɣef tiyiḍ ?

Ad cfuɣ

Tafyirt, tezmer ad tesɛu amyag d taɣayemt neɣ awal niḍen ur nelli ara d amyag. Mi ara yili d amyag ay d ul n tefyirt, qqaren-as tafyirt tumyigt. Mi ara yili d awal ixḍan amyag, qqaren-as tafyirt tarumyigt. Tarumyigt, tezmer ad tebnu s « d » n tilawt akked yisem neɣ akked umqim, neɣ akked urbib. ; tezmer daɣen ad tebnu s yiwet ger tenzaɣ-a (ɣer, n, am) akked yisem.

Iluɣma

1. Ha-tent-a tefyar, af-d anta ay d tumyigt, anta ay d tarumyigt● Aman-a, n tala.● Tugem-d aman n tala.● D taqbaylit yerna d tidet.● Isem, ɣur-s snat n tewsatin.● Wagi, d netta.● Berrik wudem-is● Udem-is, d aberkan.

2. Tafyirt yellan d tumyigt, err-itt d tarumyigt ; tin yellan d tarumyigt, err-itt d tumyigt.● Ass-a, semmeḍ lḥal.● Isem, ɣur-s sin waddaden.● Ass n lǧemɛa, tella tmeɣra deg taddart.● Yettemcabi ɣer lebḥer, wasif-nni.

3. Aru-d sɣur-k tafyirt tumyigt akked yiwet n trumyigt.

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TaseftitTafelwit n tseftit.

Asefti n umyag « fren »Smed tafelwit-a :

Udmawen n tseftit

Izri Urmir

Izri ilaway Izri ibaway Urmir s « ad »

Anaḍ aḥerfi

asuf

dm. 1u

dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

asge

t

dm. 1u

dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

Amaɣun n yizri :Ilaway :Ibaway :

Amaɣun n wurmir :

Udmawen n tseftit Urmir ussid Anaḍ ussid

asuf

dm. 1u

dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

asge

t

dm. 1u

dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

Amaɣun n wurmir ussid :Ilaway :Ibaway :

Isegzal : dm. = udem m. = amalay nt. = untidm 1u = udem amezwaru dm w2, w3 = udem wis sin, udem wis tlata.

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Tagzemt tis8

Tirawalt

Tamsertit : ad + amqim awsil n umyag.

Ɣer imedyaten-a :

● Abrid ireglen, ad as-nerẓ asalu.

● Seg-neɣ win iεewjen, ad t-id-nesselhu.

● Tamurt iεetben, ad as-nekkes azaglu

● Amcum i aɣ-iceggben, ass-nni ad ten-iru.

Isestanen :

1. Wali deg yimedyaten, anida yella umgarad ger tmenna d tira.

2. Melmi i as-nrennu i umyag « ad » ?

3. D acu-ten wawalen yellan ger « ad » d umyag ?

4. Limer d izri, anida ara ilin, sdat neɣ deffir?

Ad cfuɣ

Di tuget, mi ara yefti umyag ɣer wurmir, yettili « ad » sdat-s. Mi ara yili « ad », yezzuɣur yid-s imqimen iwsilen n umyag, ttilin gar-as d umyag. Deg umeslay, ur d-nneṭṭeq ara « d » nni n « ad », maca di tira, « ad » n wurmir ad t-nettaru yemda.

Ameslay tira

[a s-iniɣ][a ɣ-yawi][a tent-ččeɣ][a t-ğğeɣ]

ad as-iniɣad aɣ-yawiad tent-ččeɣad t-ğğeɣ

Iluɣma

1 - Tazabut (aselmad, mi ara d-izubet, ur d-yeqqar ara « d »).● Tafat mi tt-neẓra, tusam-d ad tt-tessensem.● Ur tezmirem ara ad aɣ-tekksem tamuɣli.● Ad as-neg nnuba i liser, leḥzen ad as-necfu.● Amennuɣ, nekkni, ad t-neqbel ɣef yizerfan-nneɣ.

2 - Err ɣer wurmir s « ad » imyagen n tefyar.● Ssneɣ abrid, xḍiɣ-as.● Nbedd-as i tdukli ifeclen, nrebba-as-id ifadden, yufa-ten-id uεdaw yessḍen mi yekker ad

d-yuɣal.● Adfel, nelḥa-as ; ageffur, nedduri-as.● Tamaziɣt, tban ; iserreḥ-as-id zzman.

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AḍrisAmtiweg n Umaḍal

Amaḍal, d amtiweg ittekkin deg unagraw n yiṭij. Ma tekkid-

d seg yiṭij, Amaḍal, d wis krad. Di temɣer n tfekka, d wis semmus ger yimtiwgen niḍen. Ɣer daxel, Amaḍal, yebḍa d tissiwin : s ufella maḍi d taɣerraft; di tuzert, ad tesεu alama d ttesεin (90) n yikilumitren. Tissi yellan ddaw-as, isem-is idil ; ad tesεu azal n sin yigiman d tẓat timmaḍ (2900) n yikilumitren. Ddaw yidil, yella uɣsaw azɣaray, ad yesεu azal n sin yigiman d snat timmaḍ (2200) n yikilumitren. Di taggara, yella uɣsaw agensay, d netta i d ul neɣ i d talemmast n Umaḍal; ad yesεu tamudi n wagim d kradet n timaḍ (1300) n yikilumitren.

Taɣerraft, tissi n s-ufella, zuret ugar anida yella wakal yufraren neɣ yeqquren wala deg yigarawen. Ger tissiwin-agi akk i d-nebder, anagar, taɣerraft akked uɣsaw agensay i yeqquren ; tissiwin niḍen lbubɣent, ḥlulint.

Di leεmer, ad yesεu Umaḍal azal n ukkuẓ d uzgen (4,5) n yimelyaren n yiseggasen. Ma ddukklen akk waman

yellan ɣef wudem n Umaḍal, ama d wid n yigarawen, ama d wid n yillen, ama d wid n yigelmimen d

yisaffen, ad naf waḥed u ssebεin ɣef tmiḍi (71%) si tjumma n Umaḍal d aman ; ayen i

d-yeggran, snat n tmerwin d tẓa ɣef tmiḍi (29 %), d akal yufraren ɣef waman. Daɣ-

netta d aman i yesserkaden tifesniwin n teẓɣelt. Akal yufraren, yebḍa ɣef 05 n yimenẓawen : Tafriqt, Yurup, Marikan (tin n wadda d tin ufella), Asya, Usṭrali.

Amaḍal, Itezzi ɣef yiman-is, seg umalu ɣer usammer. Ɣef wudem-nni yerran ɣer yiṭij, tella

tafat, d ass ; ma ɣef wudem-nni yellan

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deffir d tillas, d iḍ. Mi ara itezzi umtiweg n Umaḍal i yiṭij, yeṭṭafar aɣaras d aglayan (meḥsub am talɣa n tmellalt). Aɣaras-a yesεa ttseε-meyya u rebεin (940) n yimelyan n yikilumitren di teɣzi. Iteddu deg-s Umaḍal s urured n tesεa-u-εecrin, tafrayt setta u sebεin (29,76) n yikilumitren di tasint. Daymi i itekk telt meyya u xemsa u settin (365) n wussan d xemsa (05) n timar d setta u rebεin (46) n tasnin.

R. ƩACUR

Asegzi :

Aɣaras : abrid

Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris

1. Ma nessemyezwer imtiwgen almend n temɣer n tfekka-nsen, acḥal ara d-yezg Umaḍal ?

2. Ɣer daxel, amaḍal, iruḥ ɣef yiwen neɣ yebḍa d tissiwin ?

3. Bder-d acu yellan daxel-is.

4. D acu i wumi qqaren taɣerraft ?

5. Acḥal i tezmer ad tesεu di tuzert ?

6. Anida i zuret tɣerraft n Umaḍal ?

7. Ɣer daxel-is, d acu yesεa Umaḍal yeqqur, d acu i yesεa yeḥluli ?

8. Ger tassiwin n Umaḍal, anta i izuren ugar n tiyiḍ ?

9. D acu i yeṭṭfen aṭas n wadeg di tjumma n Umaḍal, d aman neɣ d akal yeqquren ?

10. S wacu i d-igellu way-a ?

11. Acḥal i itekk umaḍal i wakken ad d-yezzi i yiman-is yiwet n tikkelt ?

12. S wacu i d-tgellu tuzzya-a i itezzi ɣef yiman-is ?

13. I mi ara itezzi i yiṭij, acḥal itekk ?

14. S wacu i d-tgellu tuzzya-a ?

15. Aḍris-a, yessegzay-d neɣ iḥekku-d neɣ igellem-d ?

16. Ɣef wacu i d-yuwi awal ?

17. Aḍris- a, d aḍris n tussna neɣ d aḍris menwala ?

18. win yuran aḍris, yura-d ayen yellan neɣ ayen yettḥulfu ?

Tagzemt tis8

- Iles, yettḥawal-itent;- Iles, yettḥawal-itent;- Iaqerru, yettaɣ-itent.

90

Tidet amek ara sen-tt-mleɣ ?Yeggugem yiles ara ineṭqenDeg yirebbi-w mi ara ten-id-jemεeɣTtaggadeɣ acu yi –d-qqarenD times i ttmaggareɣmi ara ten-id-ḍilleɣ Si lakul mi ara d-ffɣenAzal, iḍ, ttucewwleɣAmek ara sen-mleɣ Amek i teḍra d yemma-tsen ?

Lekdeb d tidet qerrḥenSfeqden-d lḥal mazalLimer ssber d yimeṭṭawenIẓri-w ad yeg tiḥemmalTtaggadeɣ medden ad asen-mlenAyen akken yeffrenAd d-yecceḍ deg yir awal .Tifeḍ-iyi kemm yemmutenNekk i d-yeqqimenAmek ara qableɣ timsal ?

MEΣTUB LwennasSi tesfift « A tarwa n lḥif »

Asefru

Igujilen

Limer zmireɣ ad rewleɣ i yiman-iwΣemmdeɣ iḍarren-iwAd derrin wala ad ḥebsenLimer zmireɣ ad kellxeɣ lebɣi-wAd yessgen ul-iwAd rewleɣ wi ara d i-yafenImi d nitni ay d iman-iwD lḥekkam n terwiḥt-iwMa neṭqeɣ-d ad iyi-εaqben.

Tekkiḍ amnar n wallen-iwDayen ur kem-ttwalint araLxiḍ uɣur cuddeɣ zzher-iwYeqqres-d yis-m yeglaRriḥa-m deg uxxam-iwTeqqim-d i ccum-iwTekseb leḥyuḍ d lḥaraWin muqleɣ seg warraw-iwIcellex wul-iw mi ara yi-d-yini : « I yemma ? ».

Isestanen :

1. D argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut i d-yettmeslayen deg uḍris-a ?2. I wumi yettmeslay umdan-a ?3. D acu i t-iceɣben, urgaz-agi?4. Ɣer wacu yesserwes (icuba) allen-is ?5. D acu i as-yuɣalen d taεkemt ?6. D acu yuggad ?7. D acu i icellxen ul-is ?8. Ayɣer yeḥsel ger tidet d tkerkas ?9. Di tseddarin (tis 2, tis 3, tis 4) muqel amek i tga tmeɣrut di setta yifyar imezwura akked

rebεa yineggura.10. Acḥal n tunṭiqin i yesεa wafir amezwaru, wis setta, akked wis ttesεa ?

Tagz

emt

tis8

91

D nekk ara yarun

1 - Ger snat n tseddarin -a, af-d anta i d tasegzayt.

a - Taseddart tamezwarut :

Amdan n uzarmezruy, itett imenda i d-imeqqin wehd-sen di lexla. Yuɣal, asmi i d-yufa

times, yessewway imenda ɣef yiẓra yerɣan. S-akkin, yuɣal ineqqed iεeqqayen n yimenda s

yiẓra. Asmi yessaweḍ yesnulfa-d igduren n taleɣt, yesserkam deg waman iẓid i d-yessuffuɣ

s unɣad. Aman d yiẓid ttuɣalen d iḥlulen.

Yiwen wass, yettu aḥlul deg ugdur, mi d-yuɣal ɣur-s yufa-t-id icuff, yuli. D win i d aɣrum amezwaru iwejden i tiwwin.

b - Taseddart tis snat.

Aɣrum, d yiwet ger tgelliwin tigejdanin n umdan. Yettmug uɣrum s urekti ideg xelḍen aṭas n yisufar : awren, aman, tisent, anamtan. Mi yeεrek urekti, ad yeqqim alama yuli, ad yeww ɣef tmes.

2 - D acu i d agemmay ?

3 - S wumlan i ak /am-id-nefka, aru-d taseddart n kra n tefyar, ad tessegziḍ deg-s amtiweg n Meɣres. Tzemreḍ ad tnadiḍ ɣef wumlan niḍen ur d-nettunefk ara da, icban : ma llan s-ufell-as waman, ma tella tudert, aqran n tfekka-s ɣer tin n Umaḍal…

Amtiweg n Meɣres

Akdu ines : 6 794 km. Asedger gar-as d yiṭij: ger 206 650 000 km d 249 230 000 km . Acḥal n wussan i itekk i wakken ad d-yezzi i yiṭij: 687 n wussan d 23 n timar. Imazzayen-is: llan 2 (Fubus akked Dimus.) Tiɣmi-s: d tazewgaɣt.

Tagzemt tis8

Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw

Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?

Wali ma tzemreḍ

1. Ad takzeḍ aḍris ullis, d uḍris asegzay?

2. Ad tegzuḍ tamacahut?

3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ iwudam deg wullis?

4. Ad d-tgelmeḍ adeg anda ttidiren?

5. Ad takzeḍ adiwenni deg wullis?

6. Ad teẓreḍ tamlit n yal awadem deg wullis?

7. Ad d-taruḍ tamacahut ideg ara d-terreḍ aglam, adiwenni…?

8. Ad d-tsegzuḍ kra n wansay neɣ n tumant?

Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:

9. ……….weḥd-k?

10.……… di sin?

11.……… d ugraw?

12.……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?

Muqel ma tzemreḍ?

13 Ad takzeḍ asemmad agensay deg tefyirt?

14. Ad takzeḍ tafyirt tumyigt?

15. Ad takzeḍ tafyirt tarumyigt?

16. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tefyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt?

17.Ad takzeḍ amaɣun n wurmir ibaway?

18.Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tmeẓra n yimyagen?

19.Ad tseftiḍ imyagen ɣer tmeẓra akken ma llant?

20. Ad tesmerseḍ tizdit anda iwata?

- +

Uṭṭun Tamaziɣt Tafransist1. Abaɣur (MW), (KB) Avantage, bienfait, interêt

2. Adraw (Mw) Banquet

3. Adriz (KB) ( J.M.Dallet) Fête, noce, gala

4. Adsil (CLH) Traces, ruines

5. Afikes (TG) Bruit de pas

6. Agazen n wagal «seg agel = εelleq (A.L) Points de suspension

7. Agdiz (igdizen) GDZ : point de convergence (ƔDM)

Pôle

8. Agdur (KB) Ustensile en poterie

9. Agemmir (MCƔ) (MW) dignité

10. Agellel (MW) Retard

11. Agensay < agensu « intérieur » (Tantaliwin n Lmerruk)

Intérieur, interne.

12. Agerdas (MW) Diplôme

13. Agiger (TG) Tronc (corps humain)

14. Aglayan Ovale

15. Akdu (seg mw n tusnakt) Diamètre

16. Aktun (KB) Sorte de plante

17. Almus seg ammas Centre

18. Amakun seg takunt « merveille » (TG) Merveilleux

19. Amaḍal (S usekkil ameqqran) Planète terre

20. Amaḍal (TG) Monde

21. Amawaḍ (MW) Pubère

22. Amazan (KB) Destinateur

23. Amazzay (seg zzi : tourner autour) (KB) Satellite

24. Amgalat (seg gellet : déménager. TG) (asumer n Md Weεmer Usalem)

Nomade

25. Amidaw (TG) (MW) Compagnon, collègue

26. Amigaw seg eg = faire + préfixe «m» Agent, sujet (gram.)

27. Amli (seg li : avoir, posséder) (MW) Propriétaire

28. Amnamar Opposant, ennemi

amawal

29. Amsiɣrem (seg ames+ iɣrem : cité) (Md Weεmer Usalem)

Citadin, sédentaire

30. Amtiweg (N.ZERRAD) Planète

31. Anamkay (seg : anamek :sens) Sémantique (adj)

32. Anembaḍ seg mbaḍ (KB) = se débrouller, se procurer qqc

sujet (du schéma actanciel)

33. Anestim (AL) Ruines

34. Aɣaras (CLH) Chemin, parcours

35. Aɣsaw (seg tiɣeswatin « petits os » racine ƔSW ?) (KB)

Noyau (reconstitution hypothétique)

36. Aris (seg ers : (se poser) (KB) (MW) Base, fondation

37. Arumyig (seg amyag : verbe + préfixe « r ») Non-verbal

38. Asaka (KB) Gué

39. Aselkin (MW) Attestation

40. Asaɣed (isuɣad) (seg aɣed : orienter) Objectif(nom), visée

41. Asegzay (seg gzu (KB) : expliquer Explicatif

42. Aseɣru ( asumer n A. RABḤi) Prédicat

43. Asedger (seg umawal n tusnakt) Distance

44. Asenfal seg senfel = changer, échanger (KB) Remplaçant- substitut

45. Asilaw (s + ilaw : réel) Actualisateur (syntaxe)

46. Asiteg (seg siteg : estimer, donner un prix) Evaluation

47. Asmenɣer (KB) Clin d’oeil

48. Asmun (A.L) Ami, compagnon

49. Atig (CLH) Prix (valeur)

50. Azag Diadème, crinière

51. Azenziɣ (MW) Schéma

52. Azunetri seg zun comme+itri= étoile Astéroide

53. Dkel (LJL) Prendre (la parole)

54. Idil (seg del : couvrir, se couvrir) (KB) Manteau, (une des couches de la Terre)

55. Igen (MW) Armée

56. Imsebli (KB, DALLET) Poison

57. Itri uɣzif (A.L) Comète

58. Iziwel seg ihwel= signe (TG) Timbre

59. Siteg (TG) Donner un prix, évaluer

60. Snefli (MW) Développer

61. Suggem (KB, MZ, ƔD) Attendre, espérer

62. taddayt Minimal

63. Tafrayt (seg fry= séparer, déchirer) virgule

64. Tafulki (CLH) Beauté

65. tajumma (MW) Surface

66. tamɣunt (seg qqen : lier) (lexique média, maroc)

Contrat

67. Tanaga ( asumer n A. RABḤi) Attestation

68. Tanakt (CLH) Rouille

69. Tanga (A.L) matière

70. Taɣayemt (seg qqim< ƔYM : asseoir, s’asseoir) Base

71. tarumyigt (seg ara +umyig) Non verbal

72. Tasɣunt tamugilt « seg agel = Ʃelleq (A.L) Journal mural

73. Tasareɣt (seg erɣ= bruler) (KB) Energie

74. Tasdat (asumer n K. NAIT ZERRAD) Minute

75. Tasgunfut (KB) Pause

76. Tasint (seg sin : deux) (KB) Seconde

77. Tasmuli seg smel (K. NAIT-ZERRAD) Présentation

78. Tasnawit Lycée

79. Tawsa (seg awes : aider (KB)) Aide (pécunière)

80. Tazwarayt (seg zwir) (KB) Priorité

81. Tifras (AL) Traits du visage, profil

82. Tiɣremt Palais, château

83. Tirmegt (KB) Tonnerre

84. Tuddist Complexe, composé

85. Tumant (B.B) phénomène

86. tumyigt (seg amyag : verbe) Verbal (grammaire)

87. turagt Licence, autorisation, permission

88. Usem (MW) Eclair

Isegzal :

- A.L : Aṭlas alemmas (Lmerruk)

- CLH : Tacelḥit

- KB : Taqbaylit

- LJl : Amawal n Nijir

- MW : Amawal n tmaziɣt tatrart

- MZ : Tamẓabit

- ƔD : Taɣdamsit

- tG : Tamaceɣt

- B.B : Tamawalt n usegmi (Belεid BUDRIS