Tamarind
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Description of related species &
varieties of Tamarind
Presented By……
G.Saraswathi
13-533-009
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Tamarind
• Botanical Name : Tamarindus indicus.Linn
• Family : Fabaceae
[ Caesalpiniaceae ]
• Origin : Eastern Tropical Africa
• Ch.No : 2n=24
• It’s also known as Indian date.
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• Most important multipurpose tree in India.
• The monotypic genus of Tamarindus has
only one species, indica.
• India – largest producer in the world.
• India – only country produces a commercial
crop tamarind.
[ K.V.peter,2007 ]
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• Flavour component of the pulp – 2 –
acetylfuran
• Major constituent – Tartaric acid [ 8-18% ].
• Kernal powder - Sizing material for jute &
Textiles.
• Kernal powder – Xyloglycan – gelling agent.
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Description
• Tamil Nadu
• Madhya Pradesh
• Andhra Pradesh
• Maharashtra
• Karnataka
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Germplasm Holdings
• Totally 1209 accessions
• State agrl.universities - 661
• Forest dept,Karnataka - 220
• Forest dept, TN - 328
[ Pareek &
Awasthi, 2002 ]
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Botany• Large, handsome,long-lived evergreen tree.
• It is used for shade, ornamental value & fruit.
• 20 m height, 7m girth.
• Flowers – Sub terminal racemes – yellowish or pale yellow blossoms.
• Propagation – seeds – 20kg /ha.
• Vegetatively cuttings, root suckers, inarching, softwood grafting &
patch budding, air layering.
• Inarching & patch budding – 90% success [K.V.Peter,2007]
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ClassificationBased on colour - Red,block,brown etc.
Light & dark colour.
Based on taste - Sour – Prathisthan , PKM -1
Sweet – Thailand typeBased on place - Urigam,Cumbam,Karur.Identification Based on place - East Indian variety – Long pods 6-12 Of origin seeds/ pod - West Indian variety – shorter pods 1-4
seeds/pod
[Kennedy & Thangaraj,1996 ]
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Varieties
S.
No
Variet
y
Parent
age
Inisti / UniAvg.yi
eld
In
kgs /
tree
Salient featuresReco
m.
state
1 PKM –
1
1992
Clonal
selecti
on
from
Endapu
li
village
HC & RI
Periyakula
m
263
Early bearer,
dwarf high
yielding variety.
Flowering – 3rd
yr in grafts, 5th
yr in seedlings.
Fruits –
Semicircle.
Pulp recovery -
39%
Tartaric acid –
17.1%
Ascorbic acid –
3.95 mg/ 100g
TN
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2 Uriga
m
Local
genotype
from Urigam
–
Thenkanikot
tai
Dharmapuri
- 150 -
200g
Per each
fruit
Short in size, branch
– Umberlla, Pods –
lengthy, fleshy &
tasty - C shaped
curvature.
Flowering – Late –
Mar
Harvest – July
Seedlings – 6 – 8 yr
starts bearing.
Grafts – 4th yr
onwards
TN
3 Prathi
s-than
Selection Fruit
Research
station –
Aurangaba
d
Mah.
- -
Mah
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4 DTS -1 Selecti
on
UAS,Bangal
ore
1.5 kg/
tree
Sweet red type
slightly
susceptible to
pod borer.
Kar
5 Yogeswa
ri
Selecti
on
Forest dept,
Karnataka
- Red pulp Kar
6 No.263 Selecti
on
Fruit
Research
Station –
Aurangabad
–
Mah.
- - Mah
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Local selections
• Cumbum selection – Theni district – TN
• Rahuri selection – Maharashtra
• Kangadevanpalli
• Devar Ullimangalam
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References
• Horticulture Science Series Vol 5 – Prof.
K.V.Peter
E.V.Nybe
N.Miniraj
• Advances in Spices Research –
P.N.Ravindran
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