PRESENTED BY:

Atif Ahmad

Ali Haider Qalbani

oActive

1994–1996 (militia)

1996–2001 (government)2004–present (insurgency)

oIdeology

IslamismIslamic fundamentalismTakfiriStrict Sharia lawPashtun nationalism

• Leaders

Mullah Mohammed Omar (founder and spiritual leader)

• Area of operations

Afghanistan and northwest Pakistan

• Strength

45,000 (2001 est.)11,000 (2008 est.)36,000 (2010 est.)

• Originated as

Students of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam

• Allies

Haqqani networkHezb-e-Islami GulbuddinLashkar-e-JhangviSipah-e-SahabaIslamic Emirate of WaziristanTehrik-i-Taliban PakistanIslamic Movement of UzbekistanEast Turkestan Islamic MovementAl-QaedaTehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-MohammadiJamaat-e-IslamicCaucasian Front

• Opponents

Islamic Republic of AfghanistanInternational Security Assistance ForceIslamic Republic of IranUnited States

• The rise of the Taliban started in 1979 when troops from the Soviet Union, an area that consisted of Russia and 15 other countries, invaded Afghanistan to attempt to set up communism.

Communism is something that we will discuss

In short, it is an economic system where everyone gets paid the same amount of money regardless of what jobs they have.

A doctor gets paid the same as a street sweeper

Over 100,000 soviet troops were sent in to control the cities and towns and set up communism.

The people and army of Afghanistan did not have the appropriate means for defeating the Soviet Union without some help.

The help came in the form of the United States.

The United States did not actually come to fight the Soviets, they provided the Afghani soldiers, the Mujahideen, with weapons, especially Anti-Aircraft weapons. US is against the Soviets

The reason the United States helped Afghanistan was because the U.S. and the Soviet Union were enemies but there was no direct fighting and were involved in the Cold War.

This was a long on-going political and military tension between the two countries.

With the help of the U.S. weapons (the Stinger), the Soviets withdrew their forces on February 15, 1989 after nine years of Soviet occupation

After the Soviets left, the Mujahideen set up a new government.

However, a civil war broke out between many of the different political and military groups of the country.

The Taliban, religious scholars, made their move to power in 1994

The Taliban continued to get stronger and stronger and in 1996, captured Afghanistan’s capital city, Kabul.

The Taliban had success in eliminating corruption, fixing the economy, and restoring peace.

The Taliban however brought this about through a very strict interpretation of the Sharia, Islamic Law.

Public executions and punishments became regular events.

Television, music, and the Internet were all banned and all men were ordered to grow beards.

Most shocking to the west was the Taliban’s treatment of women.

Women were not allowed to go to school.

Women were not allowed to work outside of the house.

Women were prohibited from leaving the house without a male relative as a chaperone. This is known as Purdah (the practice of keeping women secluded so that they can’t be see by men.

Women were not allowed to go into shops.

Women who disobeyed would be beaten or killed.

A women caught wearing fingernail polish would have her fingers chopped off!

The Taliban said that this was all to safeguard the honor of women.

Although the Taliban managed to reunite most of Afghanistan, they could not completely end the civil war and the conditions worsened. All of the following things were very scarce and hard to come by Food,Water,Jobs

The Taliban allowed terrorist organizations to run training camps within Afghanistan.

They allowed Osama bin Ladenand his Al-Qaeda organization to be very close to the Taliban.

Bin Laden supported a global jihad (holy war) and spoke out in favor of attacks against the United States and its allies.

After September 11, 2001 the United States invaded the country and dismantled the Taliban.