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• Take out your notebook, pen and highlighter
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WWI: A New Kind of War
• CA Standard: 10.5.4– Understand the nature of war and its human cost
on all sides
• Learning Objective:– I will be able to describe what made WWI a
different kind of war.
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Ch 11-2A New Kind of War
Vocabulary1. Stalemate
a) Deadlock, where neither side is able to defeat the other
b) Tie, Draw, no one is winning
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2. Zeppelina) Large gas filled balloon
Blimp
b) Used to bomb the English coast and Surveillance
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3. U-boat (Known as an atrocity to war)a) German Unterseeboot
• Under sea boat– German Submarine: did tremendous damage to allied ships– Sunk merchant ships carrying goods to Britain.
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4. Convoya) Group of vehicles (ships)b) allies used the convoys as a defense against u-boats
5. Fronta) Battlefront: the line along which opposing armies face each other
• Western Front: Between France, Belgium, and Germany• Eastern Front: Between Germany and Russia
6. Shrapnel a) Flying debris from artillery shells.- b) Cause major injuries or death
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1
Standing Armies in Europe, 1914
11 million 7 Million
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Millions
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• How has WWI been a different war? - New Technology ( Be specific)
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Stalemate on the Western Front
A. The German Schlieffen Plan1. Germany’s plan to quickly defeat France and
then turn and to fight the Russians on the Eastern Front.
B. Main reason 1. To fight the war on one front, instead of two.
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• Paris
•Berlin
Belgium
France
Germany
Schlieffen Plan
Russia
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Problems with Schlieffen Plan
A. Problems1. Great Britain declared war on Germany.
a) Germany invaded Belgium to get to Germany2. Russians moved in too quickly on the Eastern
Fronta) Germans had to move troops from fighting the French to
fighting the Russians
3. First Battle of the Marnea) France and Britain vs Germans b) Germans lostc) Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western
Front.
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• Paris
•Berlin
Belgium
France
Germany
Schlieffen PlanFails
Russia
Britain
Western Front
Eastern Front
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Trench Warfare
A. Trench warfare1. Both sides dug ditches at least 6 ft deep for protection and to
hold positiona) Caused a long deadly stalemate. (deadlock, where no one is winning)
2. The Western Fronta) Battles lines remained almost unchanged for 4 years.
3. Caused by new technology B. Problems with Trench Warfare
A. Soldiers stuck in trenches for long periods of timeA. They had to do everything in trench.
B. The stench of death all aroundC. Loud, dirty, lonelyD. Rats, disease, lice, fleas, etc.E. When it rained trenches filled with water.
A. Cold temp and water caused Trench Foot
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Trench Foot
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Trench
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• Describe the Schlieffen Plan and the main reason for the plan.
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Trench Warfare Video
• Video
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Machine Guns and Artillery
A. Two of the newest and most devastating weapons
1. Machine Guna) 500-600 bullets per minute
2. Long Range Artillery Guna) attacked enemy from more
than 10 miles away• Shrapnel killed or wounded
enemy
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World War I Machine Gun
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Artillery Gun
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Technology and Modern Warfare
A. Poison Gas1. Chlorine Gas
a) Suffocated enemy2. Mustard Gas
a) Burned skin and blinded3. Major Problem
a) Wind direction
B. Protection against Poison Gas1. Gas Mask 2. Cover-all Uniforms
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Early Gas Mask
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Tanks
A. Britain introduced the 1st Tank1. Designed to move across “No Man’s Land”2. Major Problem
a) Tanks often broke downb) Germans destroyed tanks with flame throwers.
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British mark V tank
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French tankUS tank
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WWII Flame Thrower
A. Problem with Flame Thrower. B. Gas tanks are easy targets.
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Grenades
Grenade Launcher
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Mortars
Launch bombs at a high angle
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US German
FrenchRussian
Pistols
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• On the same piece of paper answer the question below
• Explain Trench Warfare and what it caused?
• You have Five Minutes to Complete the assignment quietly.
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AirplanesA. Airplanes
1. Designed to simply observe enemy troop movement
2. Attached Machine guns to planes 3. Pilots became known as Flying Aces4. Airplane fights became known as
a) Dog fights
B. Problem1. Planes had little effect on ground war
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Air warfare video
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Submarines• German U-Boats
– Did tremendous damage to Allied ships.• Sunk both naval and merchant ships
• Defense against U-Boats– Allies organized convoys, group of ships protected by
warships.
• Considered Atrocity to war
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German U-Boat (submarine)
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Battles• 1914 First Battle of the Marne
• France and Britain vs Germans – Germans lost
• Ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on Western Front.
1914 Tannenberg (In Germany)– Russians vs Germans
• Germans won– Forced Russians back to Russia– Russia was poorly equipped to fight a modern war
1915 Gallipoli (Ottoman Empire) British, Indians, Australian, and New Zealander
vs. Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire won
Gained control of the Dardanelles straitBlocked Supplies to Russia
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Western FrontBattle line
Eastern FrontBattle line
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Russia
France
Italy
Belgium
Ottoman Empire
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Western FrontBattle line
Eastern FrontBattle line
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Russia
France
Italy
World War I
Major Battles
BattlefrontBelgium
Somme
MarneVerdun
Caporetto
Tannenburg
Gallipoli
Ottoman Empire
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Armenian massacre
• Ottomans vs. Russians (WWI)• Armenians Christians helped the Russians.
• Problem• Armenians Christians are from Ottoman Empire.
• Backstabbing their country
• Solution• Deport the Armenians to Syria.• On the way to Syria, between 600,000 and 1.5
million Armenians were killed.
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• Arabs also betrayed the Ottomans– Arabs were able to take over the key city of
Baghdad– Minorities in the Turkey
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OttomanEmpire
Russia
Armenians
ArabsRebel
• BaghdadSyria
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All Quiet on the Western Front
• All Quiet on the Western Front• Book
• Its about a young German soldier’s life in the trenches on the Western Front.
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Stop