Tactile devicesHenri LegentilThomas Zubeli

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Introduction

•Why this topic?

•What is included in “tactile devices”?

Outline• Introduction• Definition• History• Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

• Conclusion

Definition

•“Device fitted with a system which enables to execute actions by finger-pointing areas on a delimited zone.”

•General structure:

Sensors

Controller

Softwar

e

Outline• Introduction• Definition• History• Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

• Conclusion

History• 1960s: Academic & corporate researches

• 1971: 1st “touch sensor” by Sam Hurst (founder of Elographics): “Elograph”

• 1974: 1st transparent touch screen

• 1983: 1st commercial touch screencomputer HP-150

• 1970s-1980s:all significant technologies columbia.e

du

Outline• Introduction• Definition• History• Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

• Conclusion

Resistive•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Resistive – Technical explanation•Composition of a resistive touch screen:

Resistive – Technical explanation•More detailed view of a resistive device:

Resistive – Pros & Cons•Pros:

▫Cheap▫Durable

•Cons:▫Bad clarity

Resistive – Applications•Nintendo DS

•PDA

•Mobile Phone (i.e. HTC)

•GPS

•Touchpad

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Capacitive•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Capacitive – Technical explanation•Composition of capacitive touch screen:

Capacitive – Technical explanation•The screen

Capacitive – Technical explanation•The screen

Capacitive – Technical explanation•The screen

Capacitive – Pros & Cons•Pros

▫High touch resolution▫High image clarity▫Not affected by dirt, grease, moisture

•Cons▫Must be touched by finger, will not work

with any non-conductive input

Capacitive – Application•iPhone•Ticketing machine

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Surface acoustic

•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Surface acoustic – Technical explanation

•Wave through an elastic material

Wikipedia

Surface acoustic – Pros & Cons

•Pros▫Usable with everything▫Perfect image

•Cons▫Fragile

Surface acoustic – Application

•Graphic design

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Strain gauge

•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Strain gauge – Technical explanation

•Screen spring-mounted

•Flexible resistance

Wikipedia

Strain gauge – Pros & Cons

•Pros▫Z-axis measurement▫Resistant▫Movement▫Usable with everything

•Cons▫Accuracy

Strain gauge – Applications

•Exposed public systems

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Optical imaging•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Optical imaging – Technical explanation•Composition of optical imaging touch

screen:

Optical imaging – Technical explanation•Composition of optical imaging touch

screen:

Optical imaging – Pros & Cons•Pros

▫No pressure is required▫Provides multi-touch capability▫Plug-and-play

•Cons▫Needs to be calibrate

Optical imaging – Applications

•Military applications

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Dispersive signal

•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

Dispersive signal –Technical explanation

3M.co.uk

Dispersive signal – Pros & Cons

•Pros▫Accurate▫Object resting on screen ignored▫Resistant▫Usable with everything

•Cons▫A bit slow▫No movement

Dispersive signal – Applications

•Exposed public systems

•Long use purpose

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Acoustic pulse recognition (APR)•Technical explanation

•Pros & cons

•Applications

APR – Technical explanation•Composition of a APR screen:

APR – Technical explanation•Composition of a APR screen:

APR – Pros & Cons•Pros

▫Plug-and-play▫Works with gloves, fingernails▫Resistant to water

•Cons▫Drag-and-drop doesn’t always work well

APR – Application•Restaurants

Outline• Introduction•Definition•History•Digital technologies:

▫Resistive▫Capacitive▫Surface acoustic▫Strain gauge▫Optical imaging▫Dispersive signal▫Acoustic pulse recognition

•Conclusion

Conclusion

•Gorilla arm

•State-of-art

•Market projection

Thank you!

Questions?