Tactical Leaders Handbook

7/31/2019 Tactical Leaders Handbook

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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

TS-06-02

JFIIT Tactical Leaders Handbook

Joint Fires Integration and InteroperabilityTeam (JFIIT)104 Biscayne RoadEglin AFB FL 32542-5310

November 2008 (Version 5)

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distributionauthorized to DOD and DOD contractors only toprotect technical or operational information fromautomatic dissemination under the InternationalExchange Program or by other means. Thisdetermination was made on 1 October 2008.Refer requests to JFIIT, 104 Biscayne Road,

Eglin AFB FL 32542-5310.DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by anymethod that must prevent disclosure of contentsor reconstruction of the document.


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FOR

Preface

The purpose of the(Version 5) is to procommanders, battleinformation regardin

and Reconnaissanchow to leverage theplanning, preparatiooperations. JFIIT pdocument on the SI(FOUO) Web versioaddress listed beloIf you have comme

please contact LT JDSN 872-6700, Ext.

jason.hutcherson@JFIIT NIPRNET siteJFIIT SIPRNET site

FFICIAL USE ONLY

FIIT Tactical Leaders Hanide ground maneuverstaffs, and soldiers withg Joint Intelligence, Surveill

e (ISR) and attack systemsse combat multipliers durinn, and execution of militaryblishes a classified versionRNET. The For Official U

n can be located at the NIP.

ts for improving this produ

son Hutcherson, JFIIT, at7344 or e-mail atglin.af.mil.

: https://www.jec.jfcom.mil/

: http://jfiit.eglin.af.smil.mil

book

lance,

and

of thise Only

RNET

t,

jfiit/


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iiFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

This page intentionally left blank


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viFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY



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viiFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

List of Key Abbreviations and Acronyms

AC2 Army Command and Control

ADAM Air Defense and Airspace Management

AFATDS Advanced Field Artillery Tactical DataSystem

ALO Air Liaison Officer

ASR Air Support Request

ATO Air Tasking Order

BAE Brigade Aviation Element

BCT Brigade Combat Team

BDE/BN Brigade/Battalion

C2 Command and Control

CAOC Combined Air and Space OperationsCenter

CAS Close Air Support

CCD Charge-Coupled Device

CGS Common Ground Station

COMINT Communications Intelligence

CTT Commanders Tactical Terminal

EHF Extremely High Frequency

EO Electro-opticalFAC(A) Forward Air Controller (Airborne)

FLIR Forward-Looking Infrared

FSO Fire Support Officer

FTI Fixed Target Indicator

GCCS Global Command and Control System

GCS Ground Control Station

GPS Global Positioning System

HF High FrequencyIBS Integrated Broadcast Service

IBS-I IBS-Interactive (IBS contributor)

ID Identification

IDM Improved Data Modem

IFF Identification, Friend or Foe

IMINT Imagery Intelligence

IR Infrared


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viiiFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

ISR Intelligence, Surveillance, andReconnaissance

JFO Joint Fires Observer

JSTARS Joint Surveillance Target AttackRadar System

JTAC Joint Terminal Attack Controller

JTAR Joint Tactical Airstrike RequestJTT Joint Tactical Terminal

LANTIRN Low-Altitude Navigation andTargeting Infrared for Night

LOS Line of Sight

LRF Laser Range Finder

MGRS Military Grid Reference System

MTI Moving Target Indicator

NAI Named Area of Interest

OPTASK COMM Operation Task Communications

OPTASK LINK Operation Task Link

RFI Request for Information

ROA/ROZ Restricted Operations Area/Zone

ROVER Remotely Operated VideoEnhanced Receiver

SADL Situation Awareness Data Link

SAR Synthetic Aperture Radar

SATCOM Satellite Communications

SCDL Surveillance Control Data Link

SEAD Suppression of Enemy AirDefenses

SIGINT Signals Intelligence

SINCGARS Single-Channel Ground andAirborne Radio System

SPINS Special Instructions

TACP Tactical Air Control Party

TACREP Tactical Report

TAI Target Area of Interest

TOC Tactical Operations Center

UAS Unmanned Aircraft System

UHF Ultrahigh Frequency

VHF Very High Frequency


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xiFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Capability-to-Platform Reference Chart

FMV MTI/SAR EW

MASINT/COMINT/

IMINT/SIGINT

Armed

Recce/NTISR C2

MQ-1

MQ-9

I-Gnat

MQ-5B

RQ-7B

Warrior A

Scan EagleDesert Hawk

RQ-11A/B

FQM-151A

Dragon Eye

A-10*

AV-8B*

F-15E*

F-16*

F/A-18*

AC-130H/U*B-1*

B-52

JSTARS

P-3C(AIP)

RQ-4B

EA-6B

EC-130H

RC-135

RC-12Q

EC-130E

EP-3E

Nimrod R1

RC-7

U-2C-130H

A-10

AV-8B

F-15E

F-16

F/A-18

AC-130H/U

AH-1WUH-1N

OH-58D

AH-64A/D

GR-1/4

GR-7/9

B-2

AWACS

E-2C

Capability

Platform

* If platform is equipped with Video Downlink (VDL)-capabletargeting pods.


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xiiFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY



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TRADITI

FOR

RC-1

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Comms

Data links

Rivet Joint provideconsumers with negence collection, acapabilities. Data ldisplayed on GCCbe disseminated vistation, Rivet Jointcomms to receiveprovide situational

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

1FFICIAL USE ONLY

5V/W Rivet Joint

U.S. Air Force

SIGINT

Threat warning, TACREby text and voice, radio

direction finding andemitter location, data linkmessages

RFI via S2 and collectionmanagement channels

Clear HF, HaveQuick,clear and secure VHF,UHF, SATCOM

Links 11/16, IBS-I, IDM,Secret and SensitiveCompartmentedInformation (SCI) chat

s theater- and national-lear-real-time, on-scene intnalysis, and disseminatioink-reported data are typi

and JTT. Target data ca Link 16. When arrivingmay contact TACP via sedditional tasking and rec

updates.

s

ellli-allyn also

oncureive/


16/136

TRADIT

FOR

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

CommsData links

IONAL ISR PLATFORMS

2OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Nimrod R1

United Kingdom (U.K.)Royal Air Force

SIGINT

Threat warning, TACRby text and voice, radidirection finding andemitter location, data limessages

RFI via S2 and collectimanagement channels

UHFLink 16 (receive only),

EPs

nk

on

IBS


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TRADITI

FOR

EC-1

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Voicecomms

Data links

Senior Scout collreported data areover Link 16, IBS,

Data link-reportedon CGS, CTT/JTon station, Seniorvia secure command receive/provi

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

3FFICIAL USE ONLY

0E Senior Scout

U.S. Air Force

SIGINT collection/

monitoringThreat warning, TACREby text and voice, radiodirection finding andemitter location, data linmessages

RFI via S2 and collectiomanagement channels

HF, UHF, VHF, SATCO

IBS, Link 16

cts SIGINT. Senior Scoshared with tactical useand secure/unsecure v

data are typically displa, and GCCS. When arriScout may contact theto receive additional tae situational updates.

Ps

k

n

M

ut-sice.

yedvingACPking


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TRADIT

FOR

EP-

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Voicecomms

Data links

The EP-3E provi

commanders wotactical SIGINT.range of electrontargeted territoryEP-3E may contto receive additiprovide situation

IONAL ISR PLATFORMS

4OFFICIAL USE ONLY

E SIGINT Aircraft

U.S. Navy

SIGINT

Threat warning,TACREPs by text anvoice, radio directionfinding and emitterlocation, data linkmessages

RFI via S2 andcollection manageme

channels

HF, VHF, UHF,SINCGARS, SATCOHaveQuick

Links 11/16, IBS-I, ID

des fleet and theater

rldwide with near-real-tiThe aircraft exploits a wic emissions from deep. When arriving on statict TACP via secure conal tasking and receive/al updates.

nt

,

M

eide

ithinn, thems


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TRADITIONAL ISR PLATFORMS

5FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

RC-7 Airborne Reconnaissance-Low (ARL-M/C)

Service U.S. Army

Mission Multifunctionreconnaissance

platformProducts COMINT, IMINT

collection, designatedarea surveillance,MTI/SAR

Requestingprocedure

RFI via S2 andcollection manage-

ment channelsComms HF, VHF, UHF

The ARL is a multifunction, day/night,all-weather reconnaissance system. Thereare three configurations of the ARL system:1) the ARL-IMINT (ARL-I) configuration withan imagery payload consisting of a FLIR sensor,

an IR line scanner, and a Daylight ImagerySystem (DIS), 2) the ARL-COMINT (ARL-C)configuration with a conventional commsintercept and direction finding (location) payload,and 3) the ARL-Multifunction (ARL-M) withIMINT, COMINT, and MTI/SAR subsystems.


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TRADITI

FOR

RC-12Q Gu

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Comms

Data links

Key features incluElectronic Intelligesignal classificatiofinding, and precisiselected low-, mid-identifies/classifiesof their sources.

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

6FFICIAL USE ONLY

rdrail Common Sen

U.S. Army

SIGINT collection/locatio

Threat warning, radio

direction finding andemitter location


VHF/UHF, AM/FM, SSB,Continuous Wave (CW),FDM

IBS, Interoperable DataLinks (IDLs) to theintegrated processingfacility, secure fax,Automatic Digital Netwo(AUTODIN), MobileSubscriber Equipment(MSE), CTT/JTT

e integrated COMINT ance (ELINT) reporting, enand recognition, fast dir

on emitter location. It coll, and high-band radio sigthem, and determines lo

or

n

k

ancedctionectsals,ations


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TRADITI

FOR

P-3C OrioImprove

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Voice comms

Data links

The P-3C AIP functias a surveillance aircapability with AGMcarries two). The EROVER; however,sent off of the aircrawhen equipped withSystem (LSRS) canA Liaison Officer (Lenhance C2 with gr

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

7FFICIAL USE ONLY

Anti-Surface Warfament Program (AIP)

U.S. Navy

Long-range surveillance,AGM-65 Maverick attack

SAR, MTI, EO, and FMV

ASR for platform

UHF secure/nonsecure

ROVER capable

Link types: Ku-CommonData Link (CDL); Links 11

Freq.: 14.4 to 15.35 GHzPlayer: Ku player

or

Link type: C ROVER

Freq.: 5.24 to 5.85 GHz

Player: ROVER player

ons in an overland missioncraft. It has limited strike-65 Maverick missiles (usu

video can be streamed toTI and SAR products cann

ft in a digital format. The Pthe Littoral Surveillance Rprovide MTI and SAR prodO) can ride aboard the P-und maneuver units.

e

/16

lly

ot be-3C,daructs.C to

TRADITI NAL ISR PLATFORMS


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TRADITI

FOR

C-13

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Voicecomms

Data links

The mission of theunobtrusive, long-racapability in a permiconsists of a roll-on/specially modified CROVER, it provides(FMV) imagery dowdirectly to them viasystem has the capawareness via BFT

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

8FFICIAL USE ONLY

0H Scathe View

.S. Air Force

ISR

LIR, day TV, spotter scopnd LRF, imagery analysis

SR for platform

UHF (HQ II), 2 VHF-A

VHF-FM (KY-58), HF,

SATCOM/Demandssigned Multiple Access

DAMA)OVER capable

ownlink frequencies: 55.1nd 55.74 GHz

ink 16 and Blue Forceracker (BFT)

cathe View system is to prnge, and long-loiter ISR colssive environment. Scatheroll-off sensor pallet carried-130H aircraft. Employedstill frame and Full Motionnlink to ground units and cassorted voice comms. Thbility for maintaining situati

and can support an LNO.

M,

0

videlectionViewbyithideo

n talk

onal



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TRADITI

FOR

Service

Mission

ProductsRequestingprocedure

Comms

The U-2 provideshigh-altitude, all-of an area and prdecision makers t

The U-2 can carrcameras as wellWhen arriving onCommon GroundReporting Team (through the U-2 preceive additionalsituational update

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

9FFICIAL USE ONLY

U-2

U.S. Air Force

Multifunctionreconnaissance platfor

Imagery/videoRFI via S2 and collectimanagement channels

Real-time RFIs can betransmitted via securechat channels; theresulting products canbe received viaSIPRNET

UHF, VHF, HF

continuous day or night,eather, stand-off surveilvides critical intelligenc

hrough all phases of con

a variety of sensors ans communications relaystation, the DistributedSystem [DCGS] AnalysiDART) may contact theilot, via secure comms ttasking and receive/pros.

m

n

lanceto

flict.

s.

s andTACP,

ide



24/136

TRADITI

FOR

E-8C JoinAttack Ra

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedures

Voicecomms

Data links

JSTARS is design

targets in all weathlook more than 15movement. JSTAaircraft has no onbreported data are tJoint Services WorLink 16 systems.

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

10FFICIAL USE ONLY

t Surveillance Targear System (JSTAR

U.S. Air Force

Radar ground tracking/

surveillance/C2UHF/SATCOM voicereports, Link 16 tracks, MFTI, SAR images

RFI via S2 or RadarService Request (RSR)from the CGS operator

HF, VHF, UHF, SATCOMHaveQuick

SCDL, Link 16, IBS receiBFT, Mardam-Bey InternRelay Chat (mIRC),SIPRNET

d to locate and track gro

er conditions. JSTARS cmiles to detect groundS can sense rotators, bu

oard ID capability. Data lipically displayed on CG

kstation (JSWS), GCCS,

)

TI,

,

e,t

nd

n

thenk-,nd



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Airborne Warning and ControlSystem (AWACS) E-3 Sentry

Service U.S. Air Force

Mission Airborne C2

Products Aircraft ID, aircraft control/deconfliction/tasking,intercept control, radio relay

Requestingprocedures

C2 platform, coordinate withALO

Comms HF, VHF-AM, VHF-FM,UHF, SATCOM, HaveQuick

Data links Links 11/16

AWACS provides all-weather surveillance andC2. The AWACS radar is able to detect high-and low-flying aircraft. The radar range extendsbeyond 200 miles (320 kilometers) for low-flyingaircraft and farther for aerospace vehicles flying

at medium to high altitude. Its surveillancevolume is scanned by IFF, which provides ameans of identifying friendly aircraft. Data link-reported data are typically shared via Links 11and 16.



26/136

TRADITI

FOR

E

Service

Mission

Products

i

Requestingprocedures t

Comms

Data links

(

The E-2C providewarning, airbornefunctions for the

Force Commandradar, IFF, and elfor early warningsurface targets.detect high- and l

NAL ISR PLATFORMS

12FFICIAL USE ONLY

2C Hawkeye

.S. Navy

irborne C2

inks 11/16 surveillanceicture, aircraft ID, aircraontrol/deconfliction/taskntercept control, radio r

2 platform, coordinatehrough the Air Officer (

F, VHF, UHF, SATCOaveQuick

inks 4A, 11, and 16

aval Tactical Data SystNTDS)

s all-weather, airborne ebattle management, anarrier Strike Group and

r (JFC). It uses computctronic surveillance sennd threat analysis for aihe E-2C radar is able tow-flying aircraft.

airfting,lay

O)

,

em

arlyC2

Joint

erizedsorsr and

ELECTRONIC ATTACK PLATFORMS


27/136

FOR

EC-13

Service

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Voice

commsData links

Compass Call perControl, and Commeasures (C3CMC2. The aircraftjamming and othcommunicationsinformation essensystems and othecontact frequenciOPTASK LINK, alink coordination,crypto information

13FFICIAL USE ONLY

0H Compass Call

U.S. Air Force

Comms counter-measures

Comms jamming

RFI via S2 and collectimanagement channelsElectronic AttackRequest Form (EARF),and DD 1975

HF, VHF, UHF,

SATCOM, HaveQuickLinks 11/16

forms tactical Commanmunications Counter-) to deny and disrupt enrovides communicationr unique capabilities tor degrade the transfer otial to the C2 of weaponr resources. The ATO lis. The OPTASK COMd SPINS list procedure

data link frequencies, an.

n,

,

my

reventf

sts the,, datad


28/136

ELECTRONIC ATTACK PLATFORMS


29/136

FOR

EC-130

Service

Mission

Products

Requestprocedure

Comms

The EC-130 condPSYOPS, and civFM, HF, TV, andbands. A typicalship orbit offset fraudienceeither

15FFICIAL USE ONLY

/J Commando Solo

U.S. Air Force

Psychological

Operations (PSYOPS)Audio/visual broadcast

ASR via S2 andcollection managementchannels

HF, VHF (AM/FM), UHSATCOM, HaveQuick

ucts information operatiil affairs broadcasts in A

ilitary communicationsission consists of a sinm the desired target

military or civilian perso

,

ns,M,

le-

nel.

UNMANN D AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS


30/136

FOR

RQ-

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Data link

Global Hawk provto support Joint ocommanders withISR imagery.

16FFICIAL USE ONLY

B Global Hawk

U.S. Air Force

High-altitude, strategicISR UAS

Cloud-penetrating SAR

ground MTI, EO and IRsensors


X band; not ROVERcapable; Link 16

ides strategic reconnaiserations and battlefieldnear-real-time, high-res

/

n

ance

olution



31/136

FOR

M

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Data links

MQ-1 provides persother support applic

tactical forces. CapC2, SAR, real-timereach back for data/and exploitation. Tguided Hellfire antitturret. The MQ-1 aiweather.

17FFICIAL USE ONLY

Q-1 Predator

U.S. Air Force

Medium-altitude, long-endurance, multimission U

Full motion EO/IR video, ladesignator/IR illuminator,

Hellfire attack capabilityRFI via S2 and collectionmanagement channels

ROVER capable

Link type: C ROVER

Freq.: 5.24 to 5.85 GHz


or Link type: C analog

Freq.: 4.4 to 4.85 GHz

Player: C_L analog mIRC,Link 16, UHF

istent ISR, targeting, strike,ations to U.S. Joint strategi

abilities include LOS, SATideo and system status, anvideo dissemination, procee aircraft can employ two lnk missiles with the senso

rcraft will not fly into clouds

S

er

orand

OMdsing,ser-ball

and

UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS


32/136


MQ-9 Reaper


Primarymission

High-altitude, long-enduranceweapons delivery vehicle

Secondarymission High-altitude, long-endurancepersistent ISR

Products Full motion day EO/IR video,laser designation/IR illumination,Hellfire, Guided Bomb Unit(GBU)-12, GBU-38, GBU-39,AGM-114 attack capability

Requesting

procedure

ASR via S2 and collection

management channelsComms UHF/VHF/FM mIRC, Voice-over

Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Data link ROVER capable

The MQ-9 is designed specifically as a combat(weapons delivery) vehicle. It can providepersistent ISR to U.S. Joint strategic and tactical

forces. Operations include LOS, SATCOM C2,SAR, real-time video and system status, and reachback for data/video dissemination, processing, andexploitation.



33/136

FOR

Impro

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Data links

Missions include dreconnaissance, aCapabilities includreal-time video anback for data/videand exploitation.

19FFICIAL USE ONLY

ved Gnat (I-Gnat)

U.S. Army

Medium-altitude, long-endurance, multimissioUAS, Hellfire attack

capabilityFull motion EO/IR videoSAR


ROVER capable

Link type: C analog


Player: C_L analog

or

Link type: C ROVER

Freq.: 5.24 to 5.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

mage assessment, stand tactical imagery suppoLOS, SATCOM C2, SAsystem status, and reacdissemination, processin

,

n

ardt.,

g,



34/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Data links

Missions includereconnaissance,Capabilities inclureal-time video anback for data/videand exploitation.

20FFICIAL USE ONLY

Warrior A

U.S. Army

Medium-altitude, long-endurance, multimissio

UAS, Hellfire attackcapability

Full motion video, EO/Ilaser designation, SAR


ROVER capable

Link type: C analogFreq.: 4.4 to 4.85 GHz

Player: C_ analog

Ku band_digital

Freq.: 14.5 to 15.35 G

amage assessment, stnd tactical imagery supe LOS, SATCOM C2, Sd system status, and reo dissemination, proces

n

/

n

z

ndardort.

AR,ching,



35/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Products

Requestingprocedure

Data link

Hunter supports

The system is caIMINT, artillery adassessment, recotarget acquisition,Variants include t(weaponized) and(E-Hunter).

21FFICIAL USE ONLY

Q-5B Hunter

U.S. Army

Medium-altitude,medium-endurance,multimission UAS

Full motion EO/FLIRvideo, Green Dart(SIGINT), laserdesignation, ViperStrike attack capability

RFI via S2 andcollection managemenchannels

ROVER capable

Link type: C analog

Freq.: 4.4 to 4.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

rmy field units and C2 n

able of assisting with rejustment, battle damagennaissance and surveilland battlefield observatie modified MQ-5BMQ-5C Extended Hunt

t

odes.

al-time

nce,ion.

r



36/136

FOR

R

Services

Mission

Productl

Requestingprocedure

Data link

Shadow is designeArmy brigade/battfield units and C2ISR, target acquisiassessment capabinterim Class III (bFuture Combat Syweapon system inground control statflying one air vehic

22FFICIAL USE ONLY

-7B Shadow

.S. Army brigade,

.S. Marine Corps regime

ow- to medium-altitude,actical ISR UAS

ull motion EO/IR video,aser pointer (IR)

RFI via S2 and collectionanagement channels torigade or regiment staffs

ROVER capable

ink type: C analog

req.: 4.4 to 4.85 GHz

layer: C_L analog

d for tactical employmentlion level. The system prodes with organic day/niion, and battlefield damaility. The system acts asttalion level) UAS under ttem program. The Shadludes four air vehicles anion, which has the capabille at a time.

nts

at thevideshten

hewone

ity of



37/136

FOR

Services

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Data links

Missions includereconnaissance,

23FFICIAL USE ONLY

Scan Eagle

U.S. Marine Corps,

U.S. Navy,

U.S. Army/SpecialOperations Forces (SO

Low- to medium-altitudmedium-endurance,surveillance platform

Full motion EO/IR vide

BCT organic asset

Link type: S band


or

ROVER capable (withL band modification)

Link type: L band

Freq.: 1.71 to 1.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

amage assessment, stnd tactical imagery sup

F)

,

ndardort.



38/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Data link

Desert Hawk is prAir Force for airfiprotection. The cthe Force ProtectiSystem (FPASS).

24FFICIAL USE ONLY

esert Hawk

U.S. Air Force

Low-altitude, short-endurance, multimissioUAS


Organic unit asset

ROVER capable

Link type: L band

Freq.: 1 .71 to 1.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

imarily employed with thld/installation/personnelomplete system is knowon Airborne Surveillanc

n

z

e

as



39/136

FOR

R

Services

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Data link

* No changeRaven A or

Raven is a low-altUAS. It is a light

range UAS makinPointer subsystearchitecture andstandard EO andtwo-soldier transpconcealment.

25FFICIAL USE ONLY

Q-11B Raven

U.S. Air Force,U.S. Army

Low-altitude, close-range tactical UAS

Full motion EO/IR videlaser Illuminator

Organic unit asset

ROVER capable*

Link type: L analog

Freq.: 1.71 to 1.85 G

Player: C_L analog

to linking ROVER withB.

itude, close-range tacticeight, hand-launched, c

g extensive use of FQMs including communicatCS. The system uses

IR sensors. It is designort, flexibility, and

o,

z

allose-

151Aions

d for



40/136

FOR

FQ

Service

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Data link

This system provi

video imagery tocommanders or orange eye in theallows a range ofthe GCS.

26FFICIAL USE ONLY

-151A Pointer

U.S. Air Force

Low-altitude, close-rantactical UAS

Full motion video, high-resolution, day color Eor black and white LowLight Level (LLL) EOcamera

Organic unit asset

ROVER capable, one-way uplink with GCS

Link type: L analog

Freq.: 1.71 to 1.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

des real-time, high-resol

upport maneuver battalither users needing a shsky. The one-way uplinabout 5 to 7 kilometers f

e

z

ution

onrt-krom



41/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Product

Requestingprocedure

Data link

Dragon Eye provivideo imagery follmission to suppor

commanders andneeding a short-rway uplink allowsfrom the GCS or

27FFICIAL USE ONLY

Dragon Eye

U.S. Marine Corps

Low-altitude, short-endurance, multimissioUAS


Organic unit asset

ROVER capable

Wearable GCS with twway link

Link type: L analog

Freq.: 1.71 to 1.85 GH

Player: C_L analog

es real-time, high-resolowing a predeterminedt maneuver battalion

company commandersnge eye in the sky. Ta range of about 10 kiloOVER.

n

o

o-

z

ution

e two-meters

ARMED RECCE/NTISR CAPABILITY


42/136


A-10 Thunderbolt II


Mission CAS/FAC(A)

Sensor Litening pod (if equipped)

Products Full motion EO/IR video,

laser marking, commandIR pointer

Requestingprocedure

Preplanned ASR throughthe Fires cell; immediatewith the Joint TacticalAirstrike Request (JTAR)through TACP

Comms UHF, VHF-AM, VHF

(AM/FM), SINCGARS,*HaveQuick

Coordinatesystems

Military Grid ReferenceSystem (MGRS),L/L DD.MM.XXX (SS)?

Data links ROVER capable**

SADL X or XY

* Currently only in theater.** When equipped with the Litening AT

pod (pg. 47), it can feed EO/IRstreaming video to ROVER.

The A-10 is a CAS and FAC(A) platform with longendurance and a large weapon payload.

ARMED R CCE/NTISR CAPABILITY


43/136

FOR

A

Service

Mission

Sensor

Products

Requestingprocedure

Comms

Coordinatesystems

Data links

* When eqAT pod (pstreaming

The AV-8B providforces.

29FFICIAL USE ONLY

-8B Harrier II

U.S. Marine Corps

CAS

Litening pod

Full motion EO/IRvideo, laser marking

Preplanned ASRthrough Fires cell;immediate with JTARthrough TACP

UHF

MGRSL/L DD.MM.XXX

Automatic TargetHand-off System(ATHS) II, ROVERcapable,* StrikeLink

ipped with the Liteningg. 47), it can feed EO/IRvideo to ROVER.

es responsive CAS to g

ound

ARMED RECCE/NTISR CAPABILITY


44/136


GR-1/4 Tornado

Service U.K. Royal Air Force

Mission Interdictor/strike aircraft

Sensors FLIR, Thermal ImagingAirborne LaserDesignator (TIALD) pod

Product Voice reports

Requestingprocedure


Comms UHF

Coordinatesystems

MGRSL/L DD.MM.XXX

Data link Link 16

The GR-1/4 provides interdiction and CAS.



45/136

FOR

F-1

Service

Mission

Sensors

Products

Requesting

procedure

Comms

Data links

* When equippod (pg. 47)streaming v

The F-15E performair-to-air and air-to-strike and interdictiointerdiction platformescort missions. Sncan provide targetinobservation capabili

31FFICIAL USE ONLY

E Strike Eagle

U.S. Air Force

Strike fighter

1. Sniper pod

2. Litening pod

3. LANTIRN pod

1. IR/CCD TV, LRF, lasermarking (Sniper)

2. IR/CCD TV, lasermarking (Litening)

3. IR only, laser marking(LANTIRN)

Preplanned ASR through

Fires cell; immediate withJTAR through TACP

UHF, UHF HaveQuick

Link 16, ROVER III*

ped with the Litening AT, it can feed EO/IRideo to ROVER.

day and night, all-weatherround missions including sn. Although primarily a de, it can also perform CAS aiper/Litening pod-equippedg data, laser designation, aty to ground forces.

trategicpdF-15Es

nd



46/136

FOR

F-16

Service U.SCo

Mission Mul

Sensors 1.

2.

3.Products 1. I

(Sn

2. I(Lit

3. I

Requestingprocedure

Preim

Comms UHData links Lin

cap

* EO/IR streamingwith Litening ATSADL capable.Link 16/IDM capreferred to as F-1the Air Support

way for digital mnot requiring a g

The F-16 is a multirolpod-equipped F-16sdesignation, and obsF-16C/J models areemploying the AN/ASMissile [HARM] Targ

32

FFICIAL USE ONLY

Fighting Falcon

. Air Force,lition and NATO air forces

tirole attack/fighter

niper

itening

ANTIRNR/CCD TV, LRF, laser markiiper)

R/CCD TV, laser markingning)

R only, laser marking (LANTI

planned ASR through Fires cediate with JTAR through T

F, VHF (AM/FM)16, IDM, IDT, SADL, ROVE

able*

video to ROVER when equippod (pg. 47). F-16C (Block 2-16CG (Block 40)/CJ (Blockble. Block 40/50 collectively6CM. SADL and Link 16 neperations Center (ASOC) G

ssaging. IDM is an LOS systeway.

e attack fighter. Sniper/Litenirovide targeting data, laserrvation capability to ground fsed primarily for SEAD missiQ-213 High-Speed Antiradiatting System (HTS).

ng

RN)

ell;CP

R

ped5/30)50)

dte-

tem

ng AT

orces.onsion



47/136

FOR

F

Services U.U.

Mission M

Sensors FLEpotarE

Products Fumca

Requestingprocedure

PrimT

Comms M

Data links Li

Di

St

R

Li

Fr

Pl

* When equippe

can feed EO/IRoles include air supreconnaissance, forwsupport, and day andF/A-18D Advanced TSystem (ATARS) capAdvanced TargetingCorps F-18s carry th

33FFICIAL USE ONLY

/A-18 Hornet

. Marine Corps,

. Navy

ltirole fighter/attack

IR, SAR, ATARS (D model o/IR camera), Litening targetid (Marine Corps), ATFLIRgeting pod (Navy), SHARP/IR photo reconnaissance

ll motion EO/IR video, laserrking, target data, observatio

pability

planned ASR through Firesmediate with JTAR throughCP

ltiband (UHF/VHF), SINCGA

k 16

ital CAS system (modem)

ikeLink

VER capable*

k type: L analog

q.: 1.71 to 1.85 GHz

yer: C_L analog

d with Litening AT pod (pg. 4

streaming video to ROVER.

eriority, fighter escort, SEAD,ard air control, close and deenight strike missions. It is al

actical Aerial Reconnaissancable. Navy F-18s carry theLIR (ATFLIR) targeting pod;Litening targeting pod.

ly,g

n

ell;

RS

7), it

.

p airo

Marine



48/136

FOR

G

Service

Mission

SensorProduct

Requestinprocedure

Comms

The aircraft has acapability includinand can operateNight Vision Gog

34FFICIAL USE ONLY

R-7/9 Harrier

U.K. Royal Air Force

Multirole attack/fighter

FLIRVoice reports


UHF

comprehensive weapong bombs, rockets, or mit night, at low level, usinles (NVGs).

ssilesg



49/136

FOR

AC-

Service

Mission

Sensors

Products

Requestingprocedure

Voicecomms

Data links

Roles of the aircraand armed reconn

35FFICIAL USE ONLY

30H/U Gunship

U.S. Air Force

CAS, precision fire supparmed reconnaissance,limited ISR

EO TV, Low Light Level(LLL) TV, FLIR, IR

Full motion EO/IR video,laser designation, laserillumination

Preplanned ASR throughFires cell; immediate withJTAR through TACP

HF, VHF (AM/FM), UHF,SATCOM, HaveQuick

ROVER capable

Link type: C ROVER

Freq.: 5.24 to 5.85 GHz


Cursor on Target (CoT) liwith Special OperationsForces (SOF) BattlefieldOperations (BAO) kit

t include CAS, air interdicissance.

rt,

nk

ir

tion,



50/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Sensor

Requestingprocedure

Comms

The B-1B is a longcapable of deliveriand nuclear muniti

equipment enableupdate mission prflight, and precisioground-based naviimproving the B-1aircraft is ROVERLitening AT pod (p

36FFICIAL USE ONLY

-1B Lancer

U.S. Air Force

All-weather, long-range, multirole heavybomber capable of

strategic and tacticalinterdiction missions

Sniper pod fleetupgrade ongoing


HF, VHF, UHF, EHF,Combat Track II,HaveQuick capable

-range, multirole, heavy bg precision-guided convens. Inertial navigation

aircrews to navigate glofiles and target coordinatbomb without the need

gational aids. Upgradess limited ISR capability.apable and is equipped. 47).

mberntional

ally,s in-fre

Theith the



51/136

FOR

B-5

Service

Mission

Sensor

Products

Requestingprocedure

Comms

Data link

* When equip(pg. 47), it cvideo to RO

The B-52 is a heavboth precision-guimunitions. The airis used in the CASMunitions (JDAMs)the Litening II pod.capable of limited I

37

FFICIAL USE ONLY

Stratofortress

U.S. Air Force

All-weather, long-range,multirole heavy bombercapable of strategic andtactical interdiction missio

Litening II pod upgrade

IR/CCD video, laser mark(Litening)

Preplanned ASR throughFires cell; immediate withJTAR through TACP

HF, VHF, UHF, EHF,SATCOM, HaveQuickcapable

ROVER capable*

ed with the Litening AT pn feed EO/IR streamingER.

y bomber capable of delied conventional and nuclcraft has long-range strikrole using Joint Direct Att. The fleet is being fittedUpgrades will make the

SR.

ns

ing

od

eringarand

ackwithircraft



52/136

FOR

Service

Mission

Requestingprocedure

Comms

Data link

The B-2 is a multidelivering both comunitions.

38FFICIAL USE ONLY

B-2 Spirit

U.S. Air Force

Multirole heavy bombecapable of deep strikemissions


VHF/UHF, HF, EHF,SATCOM, HaveQuick

capable

Link 16 capable

role bomber capable ofnventional and nuclear

r


53/136


54/136



55/136

FOR

AH-1

Service

Mission

Sensors

Products

Requestprocedure

Comms

Data link

The AH-1W standweather attack, diarmed escort, an

41FFICIAL USE ONLY

W Super Cobra

U.S. Marine Corps

ttack helicopter,CAS/FAC(A)

FLIR, CCD TV, Direct

View Optics (DVO)

Recorded day TV/FLIRideo (VHS), voice repor

ir request

Multiband (UHF/VHF/FSINCGARS/HaveQuick

Not applicable

ard mission includes all-rect air support, antitankNontraditional ISR (NTI

ts

),

,ISR).



56/136

FOR

Service

Mission

SensorsProducts

Requestprocedure

Comms

Data link

The Marine Corpof missions to inclinsertion/extractiomedical evacuati

armed escort/visucapable of deliverfires, and its thirdmore capable obsMarine Corps couCobra. The UH-1

42FFICIAL USE ONLY

H-1N Huey

U.S. Marine Corps

Light utility helicopter

FLIR, CCD TVRecorded day TV/FLIRideo (8 mm), voice

reports

ir request

Multiband (UHF/VHF/F

SINCGARS/HaveQuickNot applicable

uses the UH-1N for a vude C2, transport, troopn, fire support coordinatin, search and rescue, a

al reconnaissance. It ising rocket and machinegeneration FLIR makeservation platform than itnterpart, the AH-1W SuN is also FAC(A) capabl

),

ariety

on,nd

gunit a

ere.



57/136

FOR

OH-5

Service

Mission

Sensors(

(

Product

Request

procedure (

Comms

Data link I

The Kiowa providfor attack helicopt

43FFICIAL USE ONLY

D Kiowa Warrior

.S. Army

ight scout helicopter

hermal Imaging SystemTIS), day/night Automatiarget Hand-off System

ATHS)

irborne Video Tapeecorder (AVTR)

ia Air Mission Request

AMR)

HF-FM, SINCGARS,HF, HaveQuick, VHF-A

DM

s armed reconnaissancer and air cavalry units.

c

M

e



58/136

FOR

AH

Service

Mission

Sensors(

Products

Requestprocedure (

Comms

Data link I

Apache is the ArThe principal misvalue targets with

44FFICIAL USE ONLY

64A/D Apache

.S. Army

ttack helicopter

ilot Night Vision SystePNVS), Target Acquisitiesignation Sight (TADSay TV, TADS FLIR, Diriew Optics (DVO)

ecorded day TV/FLIR

ideo, tactical voice repoia Air Mission Request

AMR)

HF-FM, UHF, VHF-AM

DM (where fielded), Bluorce Tracker (BFT)

ys primary attack helicion is the destruction ofthe Hellfire missile.

n),ct

rts

pter.high-


59/136

PODS


60/136

FOR

LANTIRN Ta

Aircraft F-1

Sensors IR,ra

Product Fuco

Data link Nocawit

covia

Role: Pod contaisensor, a laser dprecise delivery oa missile bore-sigon of AGM-65D-i

Legacy pod: Maof targets at low a

46FFICIAL USE ONLY

rgeting Pod AN/AAQ

5E, F-16C/D

IR laser designator, anging

ll motion IR video (no Tkpit only

ground data link; the pilshare target designatio

h wingmen via Link 16 a

vey target data to othervoice communications

ns a high-resolution FLIsignator range finder forf laser-guided munitions,ht correlator for automatiaging IR Maverick miss

rginally capable of positiltitude.

-14

) in

otnsnd

s

andic lockiles.

e ID

PODS


61/136

FOR

Aircraft AV-8Bloc

Sensors IR m

LaselaserTV (d

Products Day/IR/ECoorwithID atPosit

usingDatalinks

Somif dat

Link t

Freq.

Play

Link tFreq.

Play

Litening provides dattack of ground tar(i.e., laser-guided bGPS-guided weapo

47FFICIAL USE ONLY

Litening

B, A-10, B-52H, F-15E, F-125/30/32/40/42/50/52, F/A

rker, Laser Spot Search (L

Spot Track (LST), LRF andesignation (guidance), Cay TV)

ight video, laser designatiotargeting (all in cockpit).inate generation for targetiPS-guided weapons. Pos

medium altitudes using TV.ive ID at low to medium altit

IR.models are ROVER capalink module is installed

ype: C ROVER

: 5.24 to 5.85 GHz

r: ROVER player

or

ype: C analog: 4.4 to 4.85 GHz

r: C_L analog

y, night, and under-the-weets with a variety of weapombs, conventional bombs,s).

6-18

SS),

D

n,

ngitive

udes

le

thernsand

PODS


62/136

FOR

Advanced T

Aircraft F/

Sensors Coca

SeTrde

Products DadecoIDnig

Data link Rmo

Lin

Fr

Pl

The ATFLIR is thtargeting pod for iSuper Hornets. Toperators to simuldesignate, and IRmay be sent if theantenna and link

48FFICIAL USE ONLY

argeting FLIR (ATFLN/ASQ-228

-18A-F

mmon optical path EO/Iera, IR marker, Laser

arch (LSS), Laser Spotck (LST), LRF, and laseignation (guidance)

y/night video, laserignation, IR marker; Cardinate generation; posi

at medium altitudes dayht

VER capableif data lidule is installed in aircra

k type: L-band analog

q.: 1.71 to 1.85 GHz

yer: C_L analog

U.S. Navys most recets fleet of F/A-18 Hornethe common optical pathtaneously view, track, lamark a target. ROVERaircraft has the properodules installed.

IR)

pot

r

. IItiveor

kft

tandallowsservideo

PODS


63/136

FOR

Shared Reco

A

Aircraft F/A-

Sensors CA-Altit

Products HigEO/15 n

provwid

Data link Airb

Ku

Fredow

Fre

This pod containsable to image up tspectrum and a NIdata link system isimages directly fro(DSS) to a groundMbps capable). Tto view NITFS 2.1

coordinated commfrequencies prior timagery is downloand disseminatedchannels. Groundpreplanned imagerReconnaissance (may be requested

49FFICIAL USE ONLY

naissance Pod (SH

N/ASD-12(V)

18E/F

279MEO, IR Mediumde Sensor (MAS)

-resolution (positive ID),IR imagery from up toautical miles (nm); able t

ide image swaths up to 2

orne Modem Assembly (A

and: 274 Mbps

.: 14.4 to 14.93 GHznlink

.: 15.15 to 15.35 GHz up

high-resolution EO/IR ca NIIRS 4 rating in the vi

IRS 3 in the IR spectrum.capable of transmitting th

the Digital Storage Syststation (TCDL or CMDL 2e ground station must beile formats and must hav

unications uplink and dowaircraft launch. Postflighded, processed by intelliia the SIPRNET or otherIntel units may requesty of NAIs via an ASR forREC) or immediate supp

through the ASOC.

RP)

nm

MA)

link

merasualTheeseem74able

nlinktence,secure

n-callort

PODS


64/136

FOR

Sniper EAdvanced

Aircraft FA

Sensors IS

TdC

Products Fc

(Ig

Ltr

Data link R

L

F

P

* Being integr

The long-range tageneration, mid-capable of identifmedium to high alpod for tactical re

50FFICIAL USE ONLY

tended Range (XR)/Targeting Pod (ATP

-15E, F-16 Block 30/40/-10, B-1*

marker, Laser Spotearch (LSS), Laser Spot

rack (LST), LRF and lasesignation (guidance),CD TV (day TV)

ull motion IR/EO video iockpit. Positive ID atedium to high altitudeR/TV). Coordinateeneration for targeting w

PS-guided weapons.aser designator, laser sacking, and marking.

OVER capable

ink type: C analog

req.: 4.4 to 4.85 GHz

layer: C_L analog

ated on the B-1.

rgeting pod features a tave FLIR system and ising, tracking, and targettitudes. The F-16 carrieonnaissance.

)

0,

er

ith

ot

ird-verying ats the


65/136


66/136

C2 NODES/RECEIVERS AND DISPLAY SYSTEMS/DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY NETWORKS

Air Support Operations Center (ASOC)

Service: U.S. Air Force


67/136


Description: Key Air Force Tactical Air ControlSystem (TACS) agency involved in coordinatingCAS for ground forces; it is comparable to theMarine Corps Direct Air Support Center (DASC).

Role: It performs coordination, direction, andcontrol of the air effort to support land forcesmaneuver objectives, usually at Army corpslevel and below. The ASOC is an operational

component of the TACS, subordinate to the Airand Space Operations Center (AOC). TheASOC usually collocates with the tactical ormain Fire Support Element (FSE) and ArmyCommand and Control (AC2) element in thecorps Tactical Operations Center (TOC). TheASOC processes requests for immediate CAS(submitted by ground maneuver forces).


Direct Air Support Center (DASC)

Service: U.S. Marine Corps


68/136


Description: Central coordination point for allaircraft support to Ground Combat Element(GCE) agencies at all echelons; it is comparableto the Air Force ASOC.

Role: The DASC processes requests forimmediate air support, casualty evacuations,and assault support. It is responsible forintegrating Marine aviation as a supporting arm

to ground maneuver forces and uses proceduralcontrol to route itinerant aircraft through theMarine Corps Air Officer (AO). It is subordinateto the Marine Tactical Air Command Center(TACC) and is in direct support of the seniorMarine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF)commander.


Air Defense and AirspaceManagement (ADAM) Cell and

Brigade Aviation Element (BAE) Cell


69/136


Brigade Aviation Element (BAE) Cell

Service: U.S. Army

Description: AC2 management

Role: Plan, coordinate, and establishconnectivity and interoperability with availableJoint and coalition sensors and forces in orderto provide real-time data for Air Missile Defense(AMD) early warning, aerial situational

awareness, and airspace management.

ADAM/BAE mission

Air assault

Air-ground integration and close combatattack

Attack

Reconnaissance and surveillance Staff planning and coordination

Air defense


70/136


Distributed Common GroundSystem (DCGS)

S i J i t


71/136


Service: Joint

Description: DCGS is the architecture thatintegrates the processing, exploitation, anddistribution operations for Air Force U-2s,Global Hawks, and Predators. It includes fiveDeployable Ground Systems (DGSs) locatedaround the globe.

Role: The DGS acts as the back-end crew for

U-2, Global Hawk, and Predator missions fusingintelligence from multiple sources. The DGSconducts first-phase exploitation and producesand distributes IMINT, SIGINT, and imagery-derived Measurement and Signature Intelligence(MASINT) products to customers in all Services.They all share the DCGS Integration Backbone(DIB). For more information, reference the

following SIPRNET Web site:

http://www.goodfellow.af.smil.mil.17TRSS/TSW/dcgs101/index.html

C2 NODES/RECEIDIGITAL C

VERS AND DISPLAY SYSNNECTIVITY NETWORK

TEMS/


72/136

FOR

Common Grou

Services: U.S. A

Description: CGIMINT tactical datcenter.

Role: CGS procJTT, and UAS. Itbattle managemeCommand, ContrIntelligence (C3I)

(LAN), wire, or raServices WorkstaC2 visibility into Jand IBS data onenables integratesurveillance, targbe developed/exedata.

58FFICIAL USE ONLY

nd Station (CGS) JS

rmy, U.S. Marine Corps

S is amobile, multisensa processing and evalua

sses data from JSTARSdisseminates intelligencnt, and targeting data tol, Communications, and

nodes via Local Area N

io. A CGS can feed a Jtion (JSWS) in a TOC toTARS MTI, FTI, UAS visingle workstation. Thibattle management,

ting, and interdiction plcuted using near-real-ti

ARS

rtion

CTT,e,

twork

ointgive

ideo,s

ns toe



TEMS/


73/136

FOR

Service: U.S. Ar

Description: Thebattalion at the diviTOC, or the regimProphet Control.at the brigade TOcontingency operaof supporting operjump). All sensorsfrom the Prophet C

Role: Prophet Airof the division or A(ACR). Prophet Gof operations to faand enhance the s

additional receivermounted on the veelement, along witdivision Airborne Csupport BCT execrecommending suiGround sensors totactical factors.

59FFICIAL USE ONLY

Prophet

y

Military Intelligence (MI)sion Tactical Center (TACntal equivalents, employsrophet Control can be dewhen in a force protectio

ion. Prophet Control is ctions during displacemenwill receive their technicaontrol element.

is fielded to the aviation ermored Cavalry Regimentound is deployed into theilitate the mobility of the tensor capabilities through

and/or extended antennhicle. The Prophet Contrthe SIGINT section of th

ommand Element (ACE),tion of tactical control byable sites for the Prophetdeploy based on technic

) and

loyednpablet (hotl data

lement

areaam

eleshould

l and



TEMS/


74/136

FOR

Joint Ta

Service: Joint

Description: JTUHF tactical intellthe capability to dCommand, Contr

Computers, and Ibattlefield targetincommanders and

Role: The terminlink to battle manair defense, fire sacross all Service

other weapon systhe host system/pmounted in fixed-surface ships, anplatforms and veh

60FFICIAL USE ONLY

tical Terminal (JTT)

is a special application,igence terminal that proisseminate time-sensitivl, Communications,

telligence (C4I) andg information to tacticalintelligence nodes.

als supply the critical dagers, intelligence centepport, and aviation nod

s. JTT is integrated into

tems and is transportedlatform. The equipmentand rotary-wing aircraft,fixed or mobile ground

icles.

ides

tas,s

withis



TEMS/


75/136

FOR

Integrated

Service: Joint

Description: IBSbroadcasts into a stactical receive terfamily. The goal ouncoordinated prolintelligence/inform

providing the tactictime-sensitive tactiincorporates Integr(IBS-S) and IntegrInteractive (IBS-I),(TRAP), Multi-TADTime DisseminatioReconnaissance I

(TRIXS).Role: IBS data arCTTs, JTTs, and T(TRE), which alsoused to display datCOMM for frequen

61FFICIAL USE ONLY

roadcast Service (I

integrates multiple intelligystem of systems and miinals into a single, relatethe IBS is to resolve the

iferation of stove-pipedtion (SIGINT) broadcasts

al commander with integrcal information. IBSated Broadcast Service-Sted Broadcast Service-

Tactical Related ApplicatiIL Network (MTN), Near-n (NRTD), and Tacticaltelligence Exchange Syst

received and displayedactical Receive Equipmeopulate intelligence data

a on GCCS. See OPTAScies and crypto requirem

S)

ncerates

d JTT

by

ted

implex

onseal-

em

ntases

Knts.


76/136


77/136


TLDHS Interoperability

F/A-18E

F/A-18C

CF-18

F/A-18A+

F/A-18D


78/136


AFAPD Air Force Applications Program DevelopmentMTS Marine Tactical SystemSADL Situation Awareness Data LinkTLDHS Target, Location, Designation, and Hand-off SystemVMF Variable Message Format

F/A-18F

F/A-18E

A-10C*

F-16 CM

TLDHS

AV-8B

Legend:

VMFAFAPD

MTS

B-52 (secure)

* FY 09: Select A-10C will be bothSADL and VMF

The Target Location, Designation, and Hand-offSystem (TLDHS), also known as StrikeLink, is amodular, man-portable equipment suite thatprovides the ability to quickly acquire targets in day,night, and near-all-weather conditions. Operatorsare able to accurately determine their own positionas well as that of their targets and digitally transmit

(hand-off) data to supporting arms elements.TLDHS will be fielded to Forward Observer (FO)teams, Naval Gunfire (NGF) spot teams, TACPs,reconnaissance teams, Fire Support Team (FIST)leaders, and battalion air officers. TLDHS requiresline-of-sight capability.


79/136


80/136


81/136

FULL MOTION VIDEO RECEIVERS

ROVER Operations Checklist

Multipurpose cable: Attach themultipurpose cable (P1) to the J2 port on theROVER III receiver. Attach the RJ45


82/136


connector (P4) on the multipurpose cable tothe RJ45 port on the laptop PC.(Ref. ROVER III User Manual, Section 3.)

4. Configuring a data linka. LFP conceptrequires selection of the

followingb. Link (L)link protocolc. Frequency (F)comms frequency

d. Player (P)appropriate video playere. (b), (c), and (d) are required to configure

the data link easily.Configuring a data link from the GUI

f. Open the ROVER III GUI from thedesktop on the laptop PC.

g. Select data link from the link list box. Usedown arrow to display the selections and

then highlight your choice.h. Set freq. using the spin boxes on the freq.

controls to set the exact frequency.i. Select the appropriate video player.j. After all steps are completed, streaming

video will appear on appropriate videoplayer.

FULL MO ION VIDEO RECEIVERS


83/136

FOR

One SyTer

Description: OS

E-ROVER III systesituational awarenand telemetry dataunmanned platforPioneer, I-Gnat, HUAS and mannedconsists of a UHFan optional extendsupports decodingmultiple UAS, linksand supports off-taCapabilities:

DVR/Tivo likerecording vide

Telemetry data2525 symbolo

JPEG files with Off-target calc Tri-band (C/L/

up to 50 kilom S-band planne

69FFICIAL USE ONLY

tem Remote Videominal (OSRVT)

VT is a kit integrated with

m that provides enhancess with near-real-time vidfrom multiple manned ans (e.g., Raven, Shadow,nter, Warrior A, Predator,itening pod platforms).odem, cables, software,d-range antenna. Softwtelemetry and metadata fdata onto FalconView mrget calculations.

capability10 hours of

linked to FalconView withy

embedded metadatalations

u) extended-range antenters (optional)

for FY 08 (second quart

the

eo

otherhe kitandreomps,

a

r)



84/136


VideoScout

Description: VideoScout provides thecapability to capture, archive, and retrieve video

and metadata from manned and unmanned ISRsystems, UAS, data link receivers, commonsensors, and Intel feeds. Warfighters can theneasily add knowledge to the video assets byannotating, making clips, or extracting imagesto create intelligent video that is more timely,actionable, and relevant to the mission.

FULL MO ION VIDEO RECEIVERS


85/136

FOR

Description: MVlightweight multibuser with the cap

motion video fromtransmission syst

71FFICIAL USE ONLY

MVR III

R III is a compact, ruggnd receiver that providbility to receive live, full

a wide range of videoms.

d, ands its


Brevity Terminology

FMV Brevity CommunicationsHandshake: ROVER operator comms toindicate good full motion video signal and datato ROVER.


86/136


Hollow: Lost full motion video signal and/ordata to ROVER. ROVER screen freezes or isnot updating. When the picture is not rotatingor the slant range is not changing, these arethe indicators of not updating.

Expect hollow: Informative call from the pilot/sensor operator to the ROVER operator that acondition will likely exist that limits ROVERreception (e.g., maneuvers, terrain).

Switch camera: Request from the ROVERoperator to the pilot/sensor operator to switchthe full motion video to EO or IR.

Switch polarity: Request from the ROVERoperator to the pilot/sensor operator to switchthe full motion video IR polarity to black hot orwhite hot.

Zoom (in/out): Request from the ROVERoperator to change the full motion video Field

of View (FOV). The zoom command is to begiven with a 1, 2, 3, or 4 attached to it. The 1,2, 3, or 4 indicates the number of full motionvideo change in or out. Recommend only onefull motion video FOV change at a time (in orout).

Continued on next page.


Brevity Terminology

ROVER Brevity CommunicationsSlew (left/right/up/down or clockposition and distancequarter, half, orfull screen): Directive call from the


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ROVER operator to the pilot/sensoroperator to slew the full motion videosource a given direction and distance.

Set: Informative call from the pilot/sensoroperator to the ROVER operator indicatingno longer slewing the full motion video

source and waiting for further updates.

Stake: A full motion video system mark hasbeen set and used as a frame of reference;reference point for air to surface.

Check capture: Informative call from theROVER operator to the pilot/sensor

operator that the target appears to be nolonger tracked by full motion video source.

Check focus: Informative call from theROVER operator to the pilot/sensoroperator that the full motion video imageappears to be out of focus.

Telemetry on/off: Informative call from theROVER operator to the pilot/sensoroperator requesting the ROVER telemetryoverlay may be turned on/off.

REQ. PROCEDURE/BATTLE DRILLS/CHECKLISTS

Dynamic/Immediate ISR RequestFormat (8-line Request)

1 Desired ISR support or effect(full motion video, positive ID, EO,

IR MTI)


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IR, MTI)2 Target name

3 Target location

4 Essential Elements of Information(EEIs)

What do you want to know?

5 Latest Time Information of Value(LTIOV)

6 Reporting instructions (mIRC, IPL,classification)

7 ISR asset detection concern (low,medium, or high)

If spooking target is a concern

8 Airspace deconfliction information

If you need the asset to stay clearof an area for deconfliction

Note: Lines 1 to 6 are mandatory;lines 7 to 8 are optional


Collection Request Flow

Is the requestrequired in lessthan 48 hrs?

No YesPreplanned

Is the req est req ired


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Submit toCM usingnon-PRISMworksheet

CM entersrequest inPRISM

Submit ad hocrequest form toCM (ISR OpsWeb page)

Is the request requiredimmediately?(within 3 hrs)

Requestvalidated

andprioritizedthroughcorps CM

Assessmentand assettaskingapproval byISR Ops

Aircrafttasked in

ATO; sensortasked inRSTA annex

ReportingIAWinstructions

Standardad hoc

No Yes

RequestcoordinatedthroughMNC-I CM

Requestassessed byISARC

Ad hoccollectioncoordinatedwith platform

LNO and SIDO

Does the request involvea PR, TIC, or TST?

No Yes

Are you talking

to the ISRplatform?

Send request

direct toISARC

Pass 8-linerequestdirect to ISRplatform(ISR OpsWeb page)

Yes No

Pass 8-linerequest toCM/ISARC (ISROps Web page)

Will requestadversely affectcollection

deck?

No Yes

Retaskingcoordinatedwith SIDO/CCO

ISARC willcoordinatewith MNC-I tomove asset

Dynamicad hoc


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Air-Ground AC2 Battle Drill


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TUAS Launch/Recovery Process

Battle Drill Example

Timeline

30 minutes prior to mission execution (launch)


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30 minutes prior to mission execution (launch) Tactical Unmanned Aircraft System (TUAS)

operators notify ADAM/BAE of intention to launch in30 min.

ADAM/BAE notifies division ADAM AC2 of 30-min.strike warn of TUAS launch and requestsauthorization code

TUAS operators establish comms with localAirspace Control Authority (ACA) and pass the

authorization code Local ACA/Air Traffic Control (ATC) will blanket

broadcast30 min. strike warn

10 minutes prior to launch

TUAS operators provide 10-min. strike warn to localACA and battalion Air Officer (AO)

All air operations within the assigned Restricted

Operations Area (ROA)/Restricted Operations Zone(ROZ) are suspended until cleared by the local ACA

Local ACA/ATC will blanket broadcast5 min.strike warn (assigned ROA/ROZ activated)

Launch

TUAS notify battalion AO/S3 and local ACA/ATC ofairborne status

Battalion AO/S3 will notify BCT ADAM/BAE that theTUAS is airborne

BCT ADAM/BAE will notify division ADAM cell ofTUAS launch status



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TUAS Launch/Recovery Process

Battle Drill Example

Communications

Positive communications must be maintained 100percent of the time from 30 min prior to launch to


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percent of the time from 30 min. prior to launch tomission completion with the local ACA/ATC.

ADAM/AC2division level

Local ACA/ATC

ADAM/BAE cellBCT level

Air officer/S3battalion level

TUAS operators


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Organic UAS ImmediateLaunch Request

UAS contact frequency/aircraft frequency:

_____________________________________

Call sign of UAS mission commander/aircraft


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call sign: ______________________________

1. Check in: ___________________________

(Mission commander) this is (call sign);request for immediate UAS launch.

2. Center grid: _________________________

(of the area you want looked at)

Maximum radius: _____________________

(of the intended UAS orbit)

PU 12345678, 300 meters.

4. Mission statement: ___________________

I need to assess the enemy situation anddetermine the location and strength ofhostile forces in areas surrounding theconvoy.

5. Remarks/intent: _____________________

The center grid is the center of my convoy.I want to specifically check out the tree line

200 meters east of the burning KBR truck.Let me know if you see any vehicle or footmovement to the east of my position.

REQ. PROCEDUR

JS

/BATTLE DRILLS/CHEC

ARS Checklist

LISTS


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FOR

Capabilities

(12) UHF (HJoint TacticSystem (JTISpecificatiodata text/Br

CGS linkupSATCOM/U

11-hr. missi

20-hr. missi

High-resolut(can detect

Can providearea or precdependingtarget data

Can track gspecified arImprovised

SARs capaobjects (i.e.,or concertin

83FFICIAL USE ONLY

aveQuick)/(3) VHF/(2) Hl Information DistributioDS)/Interim JTIDS Mess

(IJMS)/SATCOM/SATadcast Intel (BI)

capable at BCT (SCDLHF/VHF)

n endurance (unrefuele

n endurance (refueled)

ion ground search radarbut cannot identify)

accurate target locationision-guided weaponsn sensor used to gather

ound movement in aa (counter-ambush/

Explosive Device [IED])

le of detecting stationarvehicles in dug-in positi

a wire)

Continued on next

F

ageOM

d)

for

ons

age.


JSTARS Checklist

Planning Checklist

Time on station______________

Orbit: SCDL LOS?

Primary nets: UHF______Tactical Satellite (TACSAT)


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Tactical Satellite (TACSAT)______

Secondary nets: UHF____ TACSAT___

Mission:

Task/purpose:

Priorities by order

Crypto requirements

BCT operational graphics

Named Area of Interest (NAI)/TargetArea of Interest (TAI)/DP/R&S plan

MTI/FTI/SAR

Coordinate with AH-64s working inconjunction with JSTARS

Setup/Coordination RequirementsIdentify area for JSTARS to scan (R&Splan, NAI/TAI, EEIs)

Submit JSTARS support request toALO/ Fire Support Officer (FSO)

ALO/FSO submits Joint TacticalAirstrike Requests (JTARs)/RFI

Get contact information for JSTARS unitfor coordination

Ensure CGS is set up to receiveJSTARS feed

Comms rehearsal



JSTARS Checklist

Mission Battle Rhythm

TACP receives check-in briefing fromJSTARS

Control of JSTARS is given to taskingauthority (S2/S3, etc.) at CGS


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y ( )

Tasking authority maintains contactwith JSTARS and continually updatestaskings, NAIs, TAIs; also ensuresnecessary intelligence is recorded

Tasking authority ensures recordeddata are processed and passed tostaff for action

Notes:

1. JSTARS can provide MTI; analysis isdependent on S2 and Multi-sourceInformation Control Officer (MICO)analysts.

2. Ensure unit has the same crypto as

the JSTARS aircraft.3. CGS operator should record missions

for playback to detect changes or toresearch new NAIs.

4. Call signs change daily in theater;ensure unit has the updated call sign.

5. CGS feeds in training often come

from virtual or constructive sources,which require detailed effort from theS6 to accomplish.

REQ. PROCEDUR

Observati

/BATTLE DRILLS/CHEC

n Platforms Checkli

LISTS

t


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FOR

Capabilities

Real-timmonitori

High-re(turret b

Rapid p

via SIP Can pro

for preci

Planning Che

Orbit: Aresults iimagery

ROVERhave L

Stay ab

Time on

86FFICIAL USE ONLY

e ROVER live-feed groung

olution IR/thermal imagised)

stmission ISR feedbac

NETide accurate targeting

sion-guided weapons

cklist

n orbit too far from TOCdegraded comms and

antenna placement: MS to aircraft

ve/below___________

station_____________

Continued on next p

nd

ng

ata

st

ge.


Observation Platforms Checklist

Primary comms:

UHF______________HF_______________VHF______________

TACSAT___________Secondary comms:


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Secondary comms:

UHF______________HF_______________VHF______________TACSAT___________

Secure crypto requirements

Mission and tasking:TaskPurposePriorities in orderRoute/zone recon?BCT operational graphics?R&S plan?NAI/TAI?

Lat./long. conversion to MilitaryGrid Reference System (MGRS)?

Inform all ROVER-capable units ofEP-3

Setup/Coordination Requirements

Submit support request to ALO

ALO or FSO submits JTARs or ASRrequest

Get contact info for EP-3 unit forcoordination; discuss the missionwith the pilot via secure line ore-mail

Comms/digital linkup rehearsal





TACP receives check-in briefing fromplatform

Control of platform is given to taskingauthority (S2/S3, etc.) in the TOC


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Tasking authority maintains contactwith platform and continually updatestaskings, NAIs, TAIs; also ensuresnecessary intelligence is recorded

Tasking authority ensures recordeddata are processed and passed to

staff for action

Notes:

1. Observation platforms can provide real-time streaming video to the ROVERcomputer.

2. Observation platforms can cross cue withJSTARS to see and identify targets that

JSTARS is tracking.3. P-3 and Predator can see the same size

geographical areas.

4. Link the ROVER feed to the TOC graphicdisplays during real-time flight (option).

5. Use AFATDS, FalconView, DefenseAdvanced GPS Receiver (DAGR), orPrecise Lightweight GPS Receiver

(PLGR) to translate lat./long. to MGRS;the ROVER computer does not have thatcapability.

6. Ensure unit has the most recent call sign.




P-3 Specific Considerations

Capabilities

Comms: Duel HF/UHF/VHF/UHFSATCOM radios

N h ld id th Li i


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Navy should provide the LiaisonOfficer (LNO) with live-feed capability(ROVER)

AGM-65 standard for combat missions

10- to 12-hr. mission endurance

Best used as an observation/intelligence gathering platform (thinkmanned/armed UAS that you can talkto and get feedback from)

Planning Checklist

Alternate plan for ISR data transfer ifNavy LNO unavailable

LNO CoordinationNavy LNO ideal, but not required

If no Navy LNO, ensure the unit has aBCT LNO in the P-3 Anti-SurfaceWarfare Improvement Program (AIP)

BCT LNO carries copy of BCToperational graphics and R&S plan

Coordinate transport for LNO to airfield




P-3 Specific Considerations (cont.)

Notes:

1. If Navy LNO is attached to the BCT,integrate him into the S3, S2, Fires andEffects Coordination Cell (FECC), and


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( ),effects working group. Teach him howto provide Size, Activity, Location, andTime (SALT) reports to the TOC.

2. Set the P-3 orbit as close to the TOCas possible, not the target area. TheP-3 sends streaming video via a radiofrequency and can see much furtherthan it can send quality video.

3. Share operational graphics and theR&S plan with the BCT P-3 LNO.

4. P-3C AIP is designed primarily for o

5. IRC chat room capability.


EW Platforms Checklist


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BDEEWO

Legend:

Capabilities

Best used for jamming enemy commsand convoy route support

Can jam multiple, specifiedfrequencies simultaneously on request

Can assist in enemy signaltriangulation and interception

Planning Checklist

Time on station_____________

Primary nets:

VHF______________

UHF______________

HF_______________




Secondary nets:

VHF______________

UHF______________

HF_______________

Crypto requirements?


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C ypto equ e e ts

Mission:

Taskings:

Primary:

Secondary:

BCT operational graphics?

Frequency analysis conducted beforejamming (S6)?

Specified ingress/egress route andtimes for IED jamming

Setup/Coordination Requirements

Get frequencies from S2/S6/Prophet/Information Operations (IO) cell forjamming

Submit support request (ElectronicAttack Request Form [EARF]) to ALO

ALO or FSO submits EARF request

Contacting the supporting squadron

and discussing the mission with thepilots will reduce confusion and ensurethe mission is executed according tounit plan





TACP receives check-in briefing from theElectronic Warfare (EW) platform

Supported commander maintains contactwith EW platform/TOC; updates mission,route; jams frequencies as necessary


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Notes:

1. Prophet collection feeds Analysis celland S2/S3 to determine best use of EWplatform.

2. Call signs change daily in theater;

ensure unit has the current call sign.3. May interfere with friendly force comms

despite frequency hopping; be aware.4. Times effected must be distributed

within affected Area of Operations (AO).


UAS Mission Planning Checklist


____ Duty assignments____ Enemy situation____ Friendly situation

____ Mission planning____ Fuel planning Communications plan


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____ p____ Packet/card preparationDuty Assignments____ Authorized MOS on hand____ Critical MOSs identified and on hand____ Additional personnel necessary for 24-hr.

operations (if commander directed)Enemy Situation____ Unit/order of battle/uniforms____ BN/company locations plotted on map____ Strengths/weaknesses____ Most probable Course of Action (COA)____ Most dangerous COA____ Air def. artillery threat (for ea. wpn. system)

System

Location plotted on map Max./min. range (threat rings plotted

on map) Min. engagement altitude Strengths Weaknesses How to defeat

____ Night vision capability

____ Electronic Warfare (EW) threat MIJI of UAS uplink/downlink

____ Chemical, Biological, Radiological, andNuclear (CBRN) threat

AV should avoid CBRN presence Place M9 paper on AV



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Mission Planning

____ Sensor selection (if not dual selectable)EO and IR imagery payload for day/nightoperations EO or IR (Raven only)

____ Map reconnaissance of mission area____ Identify terrain that will interfere with LOS

data link


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data link

____ Named Areas of Interest (NAIs)

Grids defining NAIs, heading anddistance to NAI from launch point,heading and distance between NAIs

____ Identify/mark natural and man-made

hazards to flight Local hazards, sectionals

____ Primary route (ingress and egress)

____ Alternate route (ingress and egress)

____ Threat plotted along route

____ Weather

Clouds, precipitation, wind, visibility,temperature, illumination

____ Flt route outside threat engagement rings

____ Route time

____ Loiter time

____ Verify grids

____ Check all altitudes, azimuths, anddistances

____ Times submitted to higher HQ

____ Way point card printed____ Air control points plotted on map

____ Primary/alternate routes plotted on map

____ Contingency actions




Fuel Planning

____ Availability and on-hand stock ofAviation Gasoline (AVGAS) or MotorGasoline (MOGAS)

____ Availability and on-hand stock ofbatteries (Raven only)

BB-390, BA-5590


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BB 390, BA 5590

____ Availability and on-hand stock ofammunition

____ Estimated fuel burn rate

____ Estimated battery usage rate (Raven only)

____ Minimum fuel at departure

____ Bingo fuel

Communications Planning

____ Flight operations

____ TOC, Command nets

____ Air Battle Net

____ Fire Support Coordinator (FSC) Net

____ Administrative and Logistics Operation

Center (ALOC) Net____ Air Traffic Control (ATC) (airfields,

approach, etc.)

____ ROZ

____ LOS characteristics of terrain because AVlimits of operation based on LOS data link

Hunter: 125 km (200 km with secondHunter as airborne relay)

Shadow: 50 km

Raven: 10 km




Communications Planning (cont.)

_____ Contingency actions

Frequency compromise

Communications Security

(COMSEC) compromise Emergency procedures for loss of

signal


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signal

_____ Communications frequency bandwidthof UAS operation

_____ Frequency management

_____ Operations Security (OPSEC)requirements

_____ EW considerations to include friendlycommunications interference

Packet/Card/Map Preparation

_____ Enemy graphics

_____ Friendly graphics

_____ ROZ graphics

_____ Flight routes

_____ Crew card

_____ Time flow

_____ Mission sequence

_____ Way point card

_____ Rehearsal setup


CAS Battle Drill

Who Action

ALO/FSO Review ATO (confirm requested

aircraft are on the ATO)

ALO/FSO Confirm aircraft inbound

(announce to the staff)

Verify the number and type ofaircraft and munitions carried


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aircraft and munitions carried

Contact all JTACs and JFOs

Conduct battle staff huddle (thiscan be executed prior to aircraftbeing on station)

FSO/S3/XO/ALO

Confirm task and purpose foraircraftattack or ISR

S2 Verify the disposition of theenemy, size, activity,equipment, and location of theenemy

S2 Review BN/BCT ISR prioritiesand decide aircraft surveillance

and reconnaissance prioritiesS2/MICO Provide the current status,

location of Intelligence andElectronic Warfare (IEW)assets

BAE/ADAM

Provide the current Air DefenseArtillery (ADA) posture andenemy air threat; notify the air

defense community of inboundfriendly aircraft

Provide current status ororganic aircraft flying in AO(helicopters and UAS)



CAS Battle Drill

FSO/S3/XO/ALO/BCT CDR

Decide the best target type toengage based on the aircraft/munitions Essential FiresSupport Tasks (EFSTs)/

scheme of fires/commandersintent

ALO/FSO Verify JFO or JTAC in positiond t


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and comms systems areworking

S2 Decide/verify the NAI forsurveillance based on R&Splan

BAE/ADAM/FSO

Establish AC2: Decide/develop Airspace CoordinationAreas (ACAs) to support theingress and egress of aircraft

S2/MICO Update air threat

Update the enemy ADA threat

Confirm the enemy ADAlocations (enemy ADA systemsshould be destroyed as soonas they are located)

Allocate MI assets to attacknonlethal targets

Update the current enemy ADAhits that can affect airspace

FSO Develop the SEAD plan based

on the updated enemy ADAthreat analysis

FSO Send the SEAD plan for lethalfires to the DS/R battalions (toinclude marking rounds)



CAS Battle Drill

ALO Update CAS by briefing:

In-brief the aircraft or theFAC(A); pass control of theaircraft to the JTAC or pass to

the S2/MICO if the aircraft isconducting an ISR mission

Enemy formation/location/


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yNAIs/specific location forsurveillance

Receive aircraft status

AC2 and SEAD plan

Nonlethal target attackconfirmation

ALO Issue the 9-line briefing to theaircraft and establish the targetTime on Target (TOT)

FSO Initiate the ingress SEAD planat my command with the DSand (or) R battalion FDC

ADAM/BAE

Activate ACAs through thedivision FSE

FSO Activate ACAs on the brigadefires net (follow-up digitally)

ADAM Change the ADA weaponscontrol status

FSO Initiate the ingress SEAD plan

JTAC/JFO

Ingress aircraft in accordancewith the SEAD plans timing



CAS Battle Drill

FSO Initiate the egress SEAD planat my command with theDS and (or) R battalion FDC

FSO Initiate the egress SEAD

planJTAC/JFO Egress aircraft in

accordance with the SEADl i i


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plans timing

JTAC/JFO/ALO

Confirm the aircraft are clearof the brigades airspace;collect battle damageassessment and pilots

reports

ADAM/BAE

Inactivate ACAs on thebrigade fires net and throughthe division FSE (follow-updigitally)

S2/MICO Stop IEW jamming

ADAM/

BAE

Return to previous ADA

weapons control statusALO Report CAS battle damage

assessment to the battle staff

ALO Collect and analyze thebattle damage assessmentand pilots reports

FSO/S3/

XO/ALO

Assess the missions

effectiveness and determineif reattack is necessary

JOINT FIRES

JTAC/JFO Precombat Checks

JFO and JTAC empl

Tactical Leaders Handbook

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