Tables of Room Temperature Electrical Properties for ...Rocks and Minerals and Dielectric...
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Tables of Room Temperature Electrical Properties for Selected Rocks and Minerals with Dielectric Permittivity Statistics by Gary R. Olhoeft U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado 80225 Open File Report 79-993 Nay 1979
Transcript of Tables of Room Temperature Electrical Properties for ...Rocks and Minerals and Dielectric...
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Tables of Room Temperature Electrical Properties for Selected Rocks and Minerals with Dielectric Permittivity Statistics
by
Gary R. Olhoeft U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado 80225
Open File Report 79-993
Nay 1979
-2-
Tables of Room Temperature Electrical Properties for Selected Rocks and Minerals and Dielectric Permittivity Statistics by Gary R. Olhoeft
Over the last 9 years, the data of this report has been accumulated by the author. Figures 1 through 3 summarize in histograms the statistics of the dielectric permittivity. Table 1 lists the DC electrical conductivity and relative dielectric permittivity with the recommended specific gravity (grain density) of 347 minerals. Table 2 lists the measured dry bulk density, DC electrical conductivity, relative dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss tangent for 372 rocks and minerals.
Figures 1 through 3 illustrate histograms of the density- reduced relative dielectric permittivity according to the formula
where k is the density- reduced relative dielectric permittivity from a3 relative dielectric permittivity, k, measured at a density of D gm/cm .
In all three figures, the top box identifies the sample types, the width of the histogram bins for counting purposes ("Div.=" in dimensionless k units), the total number of measurements ("No. =ll )» the skewness, mean, standard deviation, mode, and median of the distribution (with these terms defined as in Meyer, 1975). The main plot is the histogram and a smooth line running average over nearest-neighbor bins. The vertical axis is percent of samples in a given bin relative to the total number of samples, and the horizontal axis is the density- reduced relative dielectric permittivity. The inset plot in the upper right corner illustrates the percentage of samples (vertical axis) falling between the mode-x and the mode+x where x is the horizontal axis. Thus, 1n Figure 1, 90 percent of all lunar samples have a density-reduced relative dielectric permittivity falling between 1.92-0.27 and 1.92+0.27.
Figure 1 represents the statistics of data from lunar sample measurements as published in Olhoeft and Strangway (1975) and Sill and Ward (1977). Figure 2 represents the statistics of the data from Table 1 Figure 3 represents the statistics of the data from Table 2.
-3-
It 1s remarkable that the diverse materials represented in Figures 1 through 3 all have a relative dielectric permittivity that 1s given roughly by
fc = 2D
where k is the relative dielectric permittivity at a dry bulk density3 of D gm/cm . The notable exceptions are those materials with large
amounts of chemically bound or adsorbed water. Water has a density- reduced relative dielectric permittivity of 78 as a liquid and 3.4
5 9 as a solid from frequencies of 10 Hz to 10 Hz.
Most materials fall near a density-reduced relative dielectric permittivity of 2 as the electronic polarization mechanism is the only one of importance with the density of electrons in the material the determining factor. In water, the water molecules and OH redicals are highly polar contributing largely to the dielectric permittivity through the molecular orienation polarization mechanism in addition to electronic polarization. Thus, wet materials and highly hydrated materials (such as montmorillonite clay) strongly reflect this molecular polarization in their dielectric permittivities.
A few other minerals that are highly conducting metallic or semiconducting materials also deviate from the above expression due to the free-electron nature of their structures. Also, ferroelectric materials are exceptions due to the dominance of their spontaneous structurally-related electrical polarizations.
Figure 1 -4-
Di v= Mean
0.0151 .93
Lunar Samples ' No . - S.D.-
1 140. 17
0.Nocie = 1.92|Medn- 1.93
-s O (D
O-H
H-
O H-
-01
3 C3CTCO
(0Of3 o
CD
roen
en CD ui
-H.5 i-l.S +2.47.0X1 .92
+2.7
Density-reduced relative dielectric permittivity
Figure 2 -5-
no CD-i oCD3
O -*>
r* O«+0*
c3 IT CD
O -b
CO 013
CD
k'Ml/SG Div= 0. Mean = 2
) Minerals 078 No.= 261 3keu= 0. 13 .00 S.D.= 0.67 Mode= 1.9l|Medn» 1.89
II -XHI n ra
1
4j
i1 60
40
20
0 c
- 90 0.62^* '
y?2 0.42
. /52 0.26
-y 30 0. 13/1 5 0.07
1 I .!
3 GJ Q CD
63 ro en ^J Q 01 o LH
;' .
llTYMlfmA A A JR.+ 1 1 . 0 +2!'. 0 +3 l . 0 +41 . 0 +5'. 0 +6'. 0 +7'. 0 +8l . 0
10. 7X 1.91
density-reduced relative dielectric permittivity
Figure 3 -6-
k'Ml/DBD) RocksDiv= 0.109 Mean= 2.39
No.= S.D.-
3670.98
Skeuj= Mode =
0.48 1 .92 |Medn= 2. 1 1
T)(D1O(D
O -*>
H-
O
C 3 ZT (D
3 Q
CD
80
60
40
30
3 0.45
51 0.23
37 0.14
L-£ 13 0.05
S)ro ui
Ul
G)
Ul
4-G 4-8 0
density-reduced relative dielectric permittivity
-7-
Table 1 lists the recommended values of zero porosity q
density in gm/cm (specific gravity), DC electrical conductivity 1n mho/m, and relative dielectric permittivity at or below 1 MHz. Minerals are arranged alphabetically by name, with the chemical formula given, and a number in brackets for those minerals whose tabulated values were derived from Table 2. The remaining values were culled from the literature. In addition to minerals, a variety of elements (1n their reference state) and common chemical compounds are shown for comparison.
Mineral names and chemical formulas are according to Aballain and others (1968).
iTable 1
wame/Lcscr if: ticn
Acanthite/Arc,entite Ag2SAlbite i*c:Alsl3ub [14.8]Allanite (Ca,Ce) 2 (i e2+,f e3+) A12 [O/Gii/S 1G4/S iC7]
1293.6]Almanoine Fe3A12Si3Gl2 Altaite Pb're SEhlCGwOUCTGF* Aluminum Al [REF]Aluminun, antirccnice AlSb SEHICGwDUCTGF Aluminuir cxide-gonira A12G3 IwSuLATGR Amblygonite (Li,I>ia)Ali'G4 (r ,GH) [248.6] Ammonium sulfate (i*h4)2SG4
Analcime NaAlSi2C6.Ii2GAndalusite A12S1G5 [1^5.6]Andradite Ca3t'e2Si3G12Anglesite PbSG4 [437.6]Anhydrite CaSC4Annabergite wi3(AsG4)2.8H2G [439.6]Ancrthite CaAl2Si2C8Anthcphyllite (Hg,Fe)7Si8G22<CH)2Antimony Sb [REF]Apatite Ca5(FG4)3F [253.6]Aragonite CsCC3 [260.6]Arcanite K2SG4Arsenic As [REF]Arsenic brcmiae Asbr3Arsenopyrite reAsS SEMCOwDliCTORAugite (Ca,iig,Fe2+,te3+,Al) (Si,Al)C3Axinite Ca2(Mn,Fe)Al2£Si4G15GHAzurite Cu3(CG3)2(GH)2 [249.6]Bacceleyite 2;rC2Barite BaSG4 [7S.6]
chlorice BaC12oxide EaO .stannate BaSnG3sulfice Bab titanate baTiG3zirconate Ba2,r03
Bcidellite(Na,K,Mg,Ca)0.33A12(Si t Al)4G10(GH)2.nH20
Bcrlinite A1PG4 Beryl Be3Al2Si6G18 [180.6] Berylliuir, Ee [REFJ Beryllium oxide-beta EeG Biotite K2(Kg,Fe)4-6(Si,Al)8020(OH)4 Bisrcite tii2G3Bismuth Ei (REF] SEMIMETAL Bismuth titanate bi4Ti3G12 Bismuthinite bi2S3 SEi\ICGuDUCTOR Bornite Cu5FeS4 SEMICGwbUCTOK
Barium Barium Bariun Bar iumBarium Barium
Density 9m/ cc7.2482.620
3.8UO4.3188.2462.6984.3403.9003.110
1.7692.2583.1453.8606.3242.9633.0002.7603.0006.6983.1802.9312.6625.7bO3.5406.1623.3003.3003.7875.8264.4803.8505.992
4.2506.0175.520
2.6002.6182.6411.8473.0102.9009.3709.807
6.8085.091
-8-| LC ccnd.l I Mho/m I
+1.GL+02+2.1L-09
+1.2E-10
+1.GL+04+3.7L+07
-1-3. IE-12
+3.9E-12
+7.6E-11+1.0E-09+1.2E-10
+5.6E-09+2.5E+06+1.2E-12+2.9E-13
+3.4E+06
+1.0E+03+2. IE-11+1. IE-12+1.8E-G9
+9.SE-08
+2.8E-13+2.5E+07
+1.2E-11
+8.6E+05
+1.5E-01+1.0E+03
cjclectr ic
6.95
13.504.30
45U.UU
24.0010.108.50
3.305.806.908.20
14.306.506.606.908.00 .
11.708.676.40 .
3.307.209.308.90
21.0012.4010.0311.4034.0018.0019.23
3600. CO43.00
17.406.056.75
7.416.30
18.20
135.00. 18.20
8.13
Eor«>n-: JB [REF]Bromargyrite Agtr SEMICONDUCTORfcromellite beObrucite i«ig(Gh)2 [247.6]bunsenite i\iiG SEMICONDUCTORCadmium Co [REF]Cadmium bromide CcBr2Cadmium telluride CdTe SEMICONDUCTORCadmcselite CdSe SEfciICGi4bbCf.i'GRCalcite CcGG3 [194.6]Calcium Ca [REF]Calcium nitrate Ca(NG3)2Calcium ex ice CaG (Lime) INSULATORCalcine 1 HgClCancrinite (^a2Ca)4[C03/(H2G)0-3/(AlSi04)6]
[432.6]Cassiterite SnG2 SEMICOi^DbCTGR Celestine SrSG4 [251.6] Celsian BaAl2Si2G6 [200.6] Cerianite CeG2 Cerium Ce [REF] Cerrusite PbCG3 Cesium Cs [REF]Cesium chloride CsCl IwSULATOR Cesium ioaide Csl IwSULATGR Chalcanthite CuSG4.5H2G Chalcccite Cu2S SEMICONDUCTOR Chaiccpyrite CUir'c:S2 SEKICG^DUCTGR Chlorargyrite AgCl ELECTLOLYTE Chlcrite Mg3(Si4G10)(CH)12.hg3(Oh)6 Chromite teGr2G4 [27KCC] Chromium Gr [REF] I1ETAL Chryscberyl BeA12G4 [434.6] Chrysccolla CuSiG3.2H2G Cinnabar hgSClausthalite FbSe SEMICONDUCTOR Cobalt Co [REF] Cobaltite CcAsS Cobaltcus oxide CoO Colemanite Ca2B6Oll,5H2O [332.6] Columbite (Fe,Mn)(Cb,Ta)206 Copper Cu [REF] hETAL Copper dichloride CuC12 Cordierite (Mg,Fe2+)2A14Si5G18 [346.6] Corundum A12O3 INSULATOR Cotunnite PbC12 Covellite CuS METAL Cristcbalite SiG2 Cryolite Na3AlF6 [263.6] Gummingtonite (hg,Fe)7[GH/Si4011]2 Cupric sulfate monohydrate CuSO4.Ii20 Cuprite Cu2G SEMICONDUCTOR Danburite CaB2Si208 [181.6]
2.4656.4773.0102.3686.8098.6435.1S26.20C5.8102.9311.5302.4833.3457.166
2.4506.9933.9713.2007.2166.7466.5831.9063.9884.5102.2915.7934.2005.5712.8005.0867.1872.9132.2008.1878.1008.8366.2756.4382.4005.0008.9343.0542.5083.9875.9064.6822.3002.9653.211
6.1053.000
-9-+5.5E-05
+3.6E-11
+1.5E+07
+1. IE-14+3.CE+07
+2.4E-10+1.0E+00+7. IE-12+1.6E-1C
+1.3E+06
+5.0E+06
+1.0E+03+1.QE+Q3+1.5E-07+6.2E-10+2.GE-08+7.8E+Q64-2. IE-12
+2.0E-10
+1.6E+07+1.0E+G3
+3.2E-11
+5.9E+07
+1. IE-09+1.0E-14
+1.4E+06+1.0E-13+6. IE-13+6.0E-11
+3.0E-01+4. IE-11
12.207.358.60
11.90
8.6010.60
S».7U6.35
6.5411.6014. CO
8.609.009.909.407.00
18.60
6.345.606.50
12.309.00
11.42
7.8313.1018.00
280.00
12.9013.8013.00
9.807.40
12.6047.40
8.407.027.007.606.94
Datclite CaBSiOAOIi 1442.6]Diamond C SEMICCUDOCTGi;Diaspore AlO(Cil) [41b.G]toickite A12S12C5(Oh)4 1225.6Jbigenite Cu^SSi>iop£ice MgCa3i2Ub [317.6]Lioptase Cu3i02(Oh)2Dolomite CaI-ig(CG3)2 [102.6]ijumortierite (Al,Fe) 7^Si3O18 [190.6]tiysprcsiuni Dy [REf]Enargite Cu3AsS4 [265.6] SEMICUwuudOKEpiaote Ca2(Al,Fe) 3Si3G12Gfi [328.6]Epson;ite MgS04.7H20Erbium Er [REF]Eskolaite Cr2O3Europiuir, £u [REF]Fayalite Fe2Si04Ferberite FeiiC4Ferrous oxice teG (stoicnicr,etric)Flourite CaF2 INSULATORFcrsterite !.g2SiG4Frar.kliniteGedoliniuir Gc [REf]Gahnite ZnAl2G4Galena *tS SEI-iICOwLuClCEGallium Ga [REF] -Gallium 2ntir.cnice GaSb SEi-ilCGdDDCTORGalliun, arsenice GaAs SEMICONDUCTORGehlenite Ca2A12SiG7 [444.6]Geikielite lucTiGSGermanium Ge [REF] SEMICONDUCTORGersdorffite wiAsSGibbsite Al(Gh)3Glauconite
K1.5(Fe3-»-,t-ig,Al,Fe2-i-)4-6(Si f Al)8O20(OH)4 Glaucophane Na2Iig3Al2 [Si8O22] (OH) 2 Goethite reG(GH) Gold Au [REF] METAL Goslarite 2nSG4.7H2G Graphite C [REF] Carbon SEKIKETAL Greenockite CcS SEMICONDDCTOE Grossular Ca3A12Si3G12 Gypsum CaSG4.2h20 [26.5] Alabaster Hafnium Hf [REF]Halite WaCl ELECTRGLYTE [433.6] Halloysite A12Si2G5(OH)4.2H2O [228.6 @ 1.12 Hedenbergite CaFeSi2G6 [10.8] Hematite Fe2G3 SEMICONDUCTOR Hercynite FeA1204 [277.6] Hess ite Ag2Te SEKICGI^DUCTOR Holmium Ho [REF] Hornblende
(Ca,waK)2-3(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)5{Si,Al)8C22
2.9003.5153.3782.G205.6033.2773.3002.8663.3508.5484.4633.5871.6809.0065.225
. 5.2454.3S37.5215.7003.1793.2135.3507.9064.6087.5985.913
3.0503.8955.3265.9642.441
[313 2.3003.2004.268
19.2821.9722.2674.8263.5952.305
13.2422.163 ,2.5503.6325.2754.2658.4058.801
-10
+7.9E-11+2.0E-13+ 4.6E-OS*+ 1.3E-G<?+1.0L+02+1.7E-11
+2.3E-14+9.2E-12+1.8E+06+1.CE+G1+1.3C-10
+9.3E+05
+1.1E+06
+1.3E-14
+7.1E+C5+5.2E-04+1.GE+03+5.7E+G6
+4.2E-11
+2.2E+OC+1.GE+05
+3.5E-09+9.7E-12
+4.5E+07
+7.0E+04
+9.5E-12+2.8E+06+2.GE-14+2.SE-07+1.5E-08+1.0E-02+1.3E-07+1.0E+05+1.1E+06
(OK)2 3.080 -»-2.IE-11
7.505.68
12.504.60
b.bO 7.60 7.46 7.00
200.CO14.405.46
11.90
6.8014.0014.206.766.80S>.4C
205.00
15.6912.9510.4018.0015.80
8.40
12.709.30
11.70
6.20
9.357.606.39
5.907.88
17.4025.0040.00
8.00
-11-Hydroxyapatite Ca5(K)4)3GhIdccrase CalO(I<.q,Fe2+,Fe3+)2Al4Si9034(OH) 4 [445*6]
VesuvianiteIllite (Ii3G,K)A18(Si,Al)16G40(GH)8 Ilrcenite freTi03 Indiuir, In [KEtJIndium ar.tiironicG InSb SEHICCubuCTGR Indiuir arsenide InAs SEMICONDUCTOR Icdargyrite Agl SEKICCwiiUClOR Iridiuir. Ir [REF] Iron Fe [REF] Jadeite NaAlSi2C6 [343.6] Kaolinite Al2Si2G5(Gh)4 [223.6] Karelianite v2G3 Kernite tta2E4C7.4H2C [440.6] Kyanite A12SiC5 [167.6] Labradorite i*a2Ca3(AlSi3G8)8 [314.6] Lead Pb [R£*J METAL Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)7 Lead titanate PbTiG3 Lead zirccnate PbZrG3Lepioolite K(Li,Al)3(Si,Al)4G10(F,CH)2 [27.5] Leucite KAlSi2C6 Liroonite [41.5] Air.orphcus Iron Litharge- FbG rec SEKICGlMDUCTOK
3.155
Lithiuir. Li [REF]Lithiur. chlorideKagnesite hgCG3MagnesiumhagnesiuniMagnetiteMalachiteManganeseKanganite
LiCl ELECTROLYTE
ttg [REF] METALsulfate McSC4Fe3G4 METALCu2(C03) (011)2 [26KCC]Mn [REF]MnO.Oh [212.6]
Manganesite MnO Mascagnite (Nh4)2S04 Mercuric chloride hg2C12
Mercurous chloride HgC12
Microcline KAlSi308 [103.6]Millerite wiSMinium Pb304Molybdenite McS2 SEMICONDUCTORMolybdenum Mo [REF] METALMonticellite CaMgSiG4 [339.6]Montmor illonite
(Na,K,Kg,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2Si4010(OH)2.nH20 [229 Mullite 3Al2O3.2SiG2 3-2 INSULATOR Muscovite KAl3Si3C10(Oh)2 [24.5] foantockite CuCl SLMICGNDUCTCP Natrolite Na2Al2Si3Gl0.2H20 [168.6]
3.4002.6604.7887.297
5.68422.5647.8753.4002.5945.0211.8773.675-2.710
11.3434.5307.9407.0002.9002.4693.176
9.335.533
2.0603.0101.7372.6605.2004.0317.4703.9845.3661.769
6.470
5.6002.5605.3748.9264.999
10.2213.200
I 2.6083.1672.6314.1392.245
+5.2E-11
+1.GE+02+1.2E+07
+1.9E+07+1.0L+07+1.2E-1G+3. IE-08
+1.9E-12+I-.8E-12 fl.3E-10+4.8E+06
+2.6E-12
+3.5E-08
+1.2E-I-07
+2.3E+07
+1.GE+G4+1.1E-C9+7.4E+05+1.9E-02
+5.7E-12+3.0E+06
+1.GE+00+1.9E+07+7.7E-11
+4.8E-07+1.0E-14+4.6E-13+2.9E-07+1.0E-09
4.SO
8.64 1C.CG
17.G814.556.80
10.0011.8015.005.237.oO5.87
16.80200.00200.CO
6.306.GO12.40
25.90
10.608.10
8.20
6.33
917.0018.009.80
9.40
3.205.48
17.80
8.50
207.006.607.609.806.70
I 1
hcpheline Na3KA14Si4C16Uiccolite rti^sNickel bi [REF] METALNickel carbonate i\ii(CO)4HiGbiuir. i*b (FEE]Niter KN03Nitrobarite ba(NC3)2Glchamite CaSOpal Si02.nll20 [198.6]Orthoclase KAlSiSOb {13.5]Palladium Pa [KEF]Pectclite Ca2i>iaSi3GbOH [208.6]Periclase MgO INSULATORPerovskite CaTiG3 SEMICONDUCTORPetalite LiAlSi4010 [289.63Phenacite Ee2Si04 R3Phlcgopite KMg3AlSi3G10(GH)2 {23.5]Phosphorus P [REFjPhosphorus trioxicle F203Plattnerite PbC2Potassiuir, K [REF]Potassium aluminum sulfate KA1(SO4)2
brornate K5r03bromide KBr IttSULATOB.carbonate K2CG3chlorate KC103flouride KF ELECTROLYTEorthophcsphate K3PC4CaMcG4
Praseocyiriuin Pr [REF] Prehnite Ca2A12Si3010(GH)2 [203.6] Proustite Ag3AsS3 SEMCG&DbCTCR Pt [REt] METAL Pyrargyrite Ag3SbS3 [302.6] SEMICONDUCTOR
Pyrite FeS2 SEMICONDUCTORPyrolusite Mn02 SEMICONDUCTORPyrophyllite A12Si4010(CE)2 [221.6]Pyrrhctite Fe.877S METALOuartz Si02 INSULATORRealgar AsSRetgersite iUSO4.6H20Rhenium Re [REF]Rhodium Rh [REF]Rhodochrcsite Mr.CO3Rhodonite MnSi03 [320.6]Riebeckite i\ia2£e2+3Fe3-i-2Si8O22(OH)4Rubidium Rb [REt]Rubidium carbonate Rb2C03Rubidium chloride RbClRuthenium Ru [REF]Rutile TiG2 [137.6] SE^:ICONDUCTGRSalmiac NH4C1 Sal Amoniac
Potassium Potassium Potassium Potass iuir. Potassium Potassium Powellite
2.6237.7768.910t.3208.5802.1053.2402.6021.8902.570
12.0062.8703.5834.0442.4102.9602.7841.6012.1359.375.862
3.2702.7542.4282.3202.5052.5644.2566.7742.9105.595
21.460
5.8515.0115.2342.6194.6102.6483.5902.070
21.01712.425
3.6993.7263.0001.530
2.80012.3694.2451.527
-12-+1.6E-09+1.0E+07+1.4E+07
-I-8.0E-I-06
+3.9E-07+6.9E-13-I-9.3E-I-06-I-2.3E-11+1.6E-11
-I-1.7E-10
-l-l.OE-13-l-l.OE-09
+1.1E+06+1.6E-I-07
+1.5E+06-I-2.5E-12+1.0E-03+9.6E+06
-I-2.8E-03+1.0E+03+1.0E-I-00-I-6.6E-13-H.OE-hOS+5.0E-15
+5.2E+06+2.2E+07
-I-1.5E-11+2.6E-10^8.0E+06
+1.3E+07 f4.7E-10
6.C4
2.20
4.375. SO6.70
13.015.60
9. CO9.65
165.005.005.107.60
3.2026.00
3.807.304.784.965.106.057.75
24.00
6.5016.50
222.00
10000. CO6.3C
4.507.606.20
6.8010.006.59
6.734.91
78.906.96
, i
Samarium Sir. I REF]Sann.artinite 2,nViG4Scanciur. Sc [RLt]Scapclite CaCG3.3CaA12Si2O8.CaSG4.CaCl2Scheelite CshG4Selenium Se [KttJ SEMICONDUCTORbellaite L\Qb2 liMbULATCf.Serpentine Hg3(Si2C5) (Gli) 4 [318.6]Sicerite teCG3 [271.6]Silicon Si [KEF] SEMICONDUCTORSilicon carbide SiC SEMICONDUCTORSilliir.anite A12Si05 [1&6.6]Silver Ag [REF] hETALSilver ex ice Aa2GSmaragdite Ca2(Hg,Fe)5Si8C22(GH) 2 [290.6]
Actinolite Soda-niter uaw03 Socialite dc4Al3(SiG4) 3C1Sod iumSodiur?ScdiunSodiuir.Sod iunSpessartineSphaelerite
ija [REF] tr en-ate NaErG3 carbonate Na2CG3 carbonate nycrccen WaECC3 perchlcrstc ijaC!G4
I-:n3A12Si2012LnS [213.6] SEi-i ICON DOCTOR
Spinel I-:gA12C4 ' Spodurrene LiAlSi2G6 [210.6] Stannous tetrachlcride SrC14 Stibnite Sb2S3 SEI-ilCONDUCTOR Stibncus bromide SbBr3
Stifcnous chlcrice SbC13
Stilbite i^aCa2Al5Sil3036.14H20 [482.6] Stilleite InSe SEMCGi^DuCIGR Stclzite Pbl.-O4 Strontianite SrCG3 [272.6] Strontium Sr [REF]
nitrate Sr(wG3)2oxide SrOsulfice SrS SEhlCONDUCTCRtitanate SrTi03
[REk]
Strontiuir Strcntiur, Strontiuir Strontiur Sulfur SSulfuryl chlcrice SG2C12 Sylvite KC1 ELECTROLYTE Talc Kg3S14010 (Oil) 2 Tantalite (Fe,Mn)(Ta f Wb)206 Tantaluir Ta [REF] Tantaluir pentcxice Ta205 Tellurium Tc [REF] SEhICONDUCTOR Tenorite CuG SEMICONDUCTOR Tephroite Mn2Sio4 [4 IS.6] Terbium Tb [REt]
7.5287.8722.9892.6006.1204.6093.1482.6003.S442.3303.2173.247
10.5017.140
3.4002.261
2.200.S65
3.3392.5322.159
5 2.020" 3.022:%%- 4*089
3.5833.1682.2304.627
4.148
3.1402.1505.420
^"3 1 78 42.5832.9664.7003.7005.1102.0671.6801.9672.7846.500
16.6768.3116.2326.5094.1558.239
-13+1.1L+06
+1.6E+06+8.2E-11
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+3.2E-OS+1.2E-1C+1.0E+07+5.CE-01+1.0E-11+6.2E+07
+1.0E-11
+2.4E+07
+3.SE-12
+4.9E-13
+1.CE-G6
+4.6E-08
+2.2E-12+4.4E+06
-H.GE-12
+1.GE-13
+8.0E+06
+2.3E-04
+5.8E-11
16.10
».23 11.70 11.009.50
14.009.30
11.70 10.20 11.00
8.60
3.60 6.85 6.8C
5.70 8.75 4.4C 5.76 7.60 7.50 6.8C 8.30 2.87
11.20
5.10
5.30 7.85 9.12
23.60 S.60
5.3313.3011.31
332.003.759.054.845.80
10.00
45.005.00
18.1010.0033.00
Thalliurr Thallous Thallous
Tl [PEfc1 ]chlcricc T1C1 SEJ'.ICCiwLuCTORnitrste TlliOS
Tnenarc iteIborianiteIhoriuc'' ThThuliurr TITTierranniteTinTin
[450.6]
[ KEF][KEfc]KgSe SEKICGUobCTOR
Sn [REt] SLMIIuL sntincnioe 3nSL
Titanite CaliSiGS SpneneTitaniuiT; 1 i [REJr] f-iLTALTopez A12(Si04) (F2) [184.6]Topaz Al2(SiC4) (Oh)Tremclite Ca2Kg5 [S 18022] (011)2Tungsten K [REF]Tungsten pentcxide i-;205Tungsten tricxice 'v:'G3Dlexite i>i£CaB50S.6H20 [441.6]braninite U02Uranium Li [REF]Valentinite Sfc203Vanadium V [KEF]Villiaumite NaFWater H20 (liquid)Willcmite Zn2SiG4Kitherite EaCC3 [273.6]Kollastonite CaSi03 [348.6]Kulfe-nite PbKo04Kustite Fe.9470Xtterbiuir Yb [REF]Ytterbium sescuioxiac Yb2O3Xttriuir Y [REF]Sfttrium sesquioxiae Y203Zinc Zn [REF] METALZinc telluride ZnTe SEMICONDUCTORZincite ZnO SEKICONDUCTOPZircon ZrSi04Zirconium Zr [REF]Zoisite Ca2A13(Si04)3(CH) [347.6]
[312.6]
INSULATOR [182.6]
11.8757.020
2.66310.01211.7269.3208.2667.287
3.5234.5063.5003.1742.977
19.261
7.1602.000
10.96919.0475.6296.1012.790
.9974.2514.3082.9096.8175.7226.9699.1705.9125.0107.1366.3405.6764.6696.5083.326
-14-
+5.6E+06
+2. IE-12
+ 7.7E.+ G6+1.3E+06
+9.1L+G6
+5.8E-12+2.3E+C6+7. IE-14
+2.6E-10+1.8E+G7+2.2E+05+5.GE-G4+2.9E-12+2.6E-03+3.3E+06
+4.0E+06
+5.5E-06+2.9E-OS+4.9L-13+1.5E-11
+3.4E+06
+1.8E+06
+1.7E+07
+2.5E+06+2.4E-11
31.901C. 50
5.COIS.fcO
25. CO
147.0021.00
6.8G5.008.00
5.8024.00
12.60
6.9078.307.707.208.60
26.8014.20
5.00
11.50
10.1012.0010.00
10.40
-15-
Table 2 lists the measurements of a series of rocks and
minerals. The columns in the table are the rock or mineral
description and any identifying information (sample number, location,o
etc.), the dry bulk density (+0.01 gm/cm ), the DC electrical
conductivity in mho/m (+10 percent), and the relative dielectric
permittivity (+1 percent) and loss tangent at frequencies of 1 kHz,
10 kHz, 100 kHz, and 1MHz. All measurements were performed using
a three-terminal sample holder at room temperature in 8 percent
relative humidity.
Samples without bracketed numbers are from the U.S.G.S. Petrophysics
Laboratory sample collection. Those with bracketed numbers beginning
with "R" are from Robertson and Peck (1974). Those with other bracketed
numbers are from Hunt and Salisbury (1976) and references therein.
Blank entries in the table indicate sample measurements that were
outside the range of the measurement instruments. DC electrical
conductivities were measured using a Guildline 9520 automatic digital
teraohmmeter and dielectric properties were measured with a Hewlett-Packard
4270A digitial capacitance meter*.
Where necessary, values for Table 1 were generated from these
Table 2 measurements by reducing the dielectric permittivity to zero
porosity throuahk = kS/D
1 2 3 where k, is the value in Table 1 at the zero porosity density of S gm/cm
3 and k« is the value in Table 2 at the measured dry bulk density of D gm/cm ,
DC electrical conductivities were reported as the same values in both
tables as there is no known density correction.
*Trade and manufacturer's names are used for descriptive purposes only
and do not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Geological
Survey.
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0112
1703
2544
0115
3876
0552
0&90
1203
0114
0427
0554
4133
0606
0143
1326
4313
0414
1095
2057
2520
OG62
3376
1555
t-281
OC27
1417
0060
0022
0569
0430
2105
0540
0849
0417
2754
5344
1337
6530
4477
0485
0723
0052
0637
4181
5.9
15.6
13.0
19.7 6.4
206.1
12.5 7.8
8.0
10.1
13.1 8.1
14.7 7.8
6.8
7.7
6.9
0.3
7.7
27.7
27.7
15.9 7.9
14.1 9.2
7.7
15.7 8.1
7.1
6.6
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9.6
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9.7
6.6
5.8
8.4
5.5
7.1
6.0
6.8
7.0
8.5
18.4 3.8
14.1
11.9 3.0
6.9
5.8
10.8
19.9
0.0046
0.1104
0.1174
0.40
750.1259
0.8227
0.25
480.0544
0.01
140.1391
0.1726
0.01
060.4519
0.0466
0.0533
0.0027
0.01
040.
0266
0.0255
0.0070
0.4075
0.0430
0.0146
0,06
960.1679
0.04
280.
1011
0.14
U60.0353
0.02
360.1412
0.0972
0.0132
0.0054
0.0602
0.0159
0.00
320.0483
0.0325
0.1209
0.0300
0.0563
0.0269
0.2067
0.38
650.0370
0.3664
0.2932
0.06
380.0534
0.0052
0.0384
0.8009
5.8
13.4
11.1
14.1 5.6
89.9 9.7
7.3
8.2
8.4
10.6 8.0
8.3
7.3
6.6
7.0
6.5
8.1
7.5
27.4
19.8
15.2 7.8
13.1 7.8
7.2
13. C
6.9
6.7
6.1
9.1
7.4
T.2
4.7
5.2
6.4
5.6
7.8
5.5
5.8
5.7
6.4
6.9
7.0
12.2 3.8
9.9
8.5
2.7
6.5
5.6
10.4
11.7
0.1097
0.11
630.
2188
0.0929
0.73
540.
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0.03
880.
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090.1547
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760.
0181
0.0096
0.2560
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950.
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0,0426
0.0454
0.08
320.
1042
0.0341
0.06
200.0520
0.0391
0.0200
0.04
980.0198
0.04
160.0196
0.1223
0.2851
0.0020
0.2351
0.2163
0.0645
0.0411
0.0236
0.3764
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REFERENCESAballain,M., Chambolle,P., Derec-Poussier,F., Guillemin,C., Mignon,R.,
Pierrot,R., and Sarcia,J.A., 1968, Index Alphabetique de Nomenclature Mineralogique, Orleans: B.R.G.M. 386p. (plus 1973 supplement, 16p.)
Hunt, 6.R. and Salisbury,J.W., 1976, Visible and near infrared spectra of minerals and rocks: XII. Metamorphic rocks, Modern Geology, v.5, pp.219-228.
Meyer,S.L., 1975, Data Analysis for Scientists and Engineers: New York: Wiley, 513p.
01hoeft,G.R. and Strangway, D.W., 1975, Dielectric properties of the first 100 meters of the moon, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v.24, pp. 394-404.
Robertson,E.C. and Peck,D.L., 1974, Thermal conductivity of vesicular basalt from Hawaii, Jour. Geophys.Res., v.79, pp.4875-4888.
Sill,W.R. and Ward,S.H., 1977, The dielectric properties of lunar samples as a function of density, composition, temperature, and exposure to water vapor, Final Report to NASA Grant No. 45-003-090, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 43p.
Dielectric properties of other materials are summarized in:
Davies,M. (Sr.Rptr.), 1972, Dielectric and Related Molecular Processes, v.l, Specialist Periodical Reports, London: The Chemical Society 394p, (and subsequent volumes)
Westphal,W.B. and Sils,A., 1972, Dielectric Constant and Loss Data, Technical Report AFML-TR-72-39, Air Force Materials Laboratory, Air Force Systems Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, 224p.
Young,K.F. and Frederikse,H.P.R., 1973, Compilation of the static dielectric constant of inorganic solids, J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data, v.2, pp. 313-409.
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