SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED

MANAGEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL

COMPONENT OF INTEGRATED WATER

MANAGEMENT

BY: A.ELMAJOUDIWater, Soil Conservation and Forests Protection Division (HCEFLCD- MOROCCO)

SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED

MANAGEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL

COMPONENT OF INTEGRATED WATER

MANAGEMENT

BY: A.ELMAJOUDIWater, Soil Conservation and Forests Protection Division (HCEFLCD- MOROCCO)

Near East and North Africa Land & Water Days15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan

Near East and North Africa Land & Water Days15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

2. National Watershed Management Plan2. National Watershed Management Plan

3. Conclsions 3. Conclsions

1. Water Ressources in Morocco: 1. Water Ressources in Morocco: Limited Potentiel Main constraints Major challenges facing

Main achievements Principal learning

11 Water Ressources in Morocco

Decrease in rainfall by 40% by the year 2080

Potential under a great demand :

Alarming drop in the majority of the ground water

11 Water Ressources in Morocco

Climat change:(extreme events)

Frequent droughts: 20 periods during the past 35 years,

Long durations up to 5 year Rainfall deficits sometimes

exceeding 60%

Frequent floods :Serious floods in urban and rural areas with human and material damages

Importance of dams for water regulation, storage, and floods mitigation Importance of dams for water regulation, storage, and floods mitigation

Reduction of Souss groundwater level 60 m in 24 yearsReduction of Souss groundwater level 60 m in 24 years

-10

-30

-50

-70

1985 1997 2000 20031988 1991 19941982 2006

m

Soil ErosionMultiple causes:

Natural factors: weakness of vegetable cover, Climatic aggressiveness, steeply sloping relief;

Human factors : Overgrazing, deforestation, improper agricultural practices.

Heavy consequences:

11 Million ha threatened by water erosion; Soil loss (500 t/Km2/year in the Atlas and

more than 5,000t/Km2/year in Rif); Diminution of the soil productivity; Loss of dams water storage capacity by more than 75 Million m3/year;Loss of 10% in capacity of dam reservoirs, Water quality deterioration.

5 50155

475

895

1400

0

500

1000

1500

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Perte en retenues de barrages (millions m3)

11 Water Ressources in Morocco

Some types of Soil Erosion

Runoff and soil loss

Serious consequences on water resources and soil both in upstream and in downstream

Overgrazing and overexploitation of forestsOvergrazing and overexploitation of forests

Major challenges facing

NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Watershed Management at the dams The Watershed Management at the dams upstream : main component of integrated water upstream : main component of integrated water

management management

1. Mohamed V 12. Lalla Takerkoust2. El Wahda 13. Med B. Abdellah3. Hassan 1er 14.Youssef B.Tach4. My Youssef 15. Aoulouz5. O. Makhazin 16.Al Massira6. Idriss 1er 17. Hassan Eddakhil 7. Allal El Fassi 18. Ibn Batouta8. El Kansera 19. Nakhla9. Bin El Ouidane 20. Abdelmoumen10. Mansour Eddahbi 21. El Hachef 11. Med A. Khattabi 22. Mellah

1. Mohamed V 12. Lalla Takerkoust2. El Wahda 13. Med B. Abdellah3. Hassan 1er 14.Youssef B.Tach4. My Youssef 15. Aoulouz5. O. Makhazin 16.Al Massira6. Idriss 1er 17. Hassan Eddakhil 7. Allal El Fassi 18. Ibn Batouta8. El Kansera 19. Nakhla9. Bin El Ouidane 20. Abdelmoumen10. Mansour Eddahbi 21. El Hachef 11. Med A. Khattabi 22. Mellah

Intervention Priorities per watershed area:- 22 Watershed; - 1,5 million ha over 20 years; - 75 000 ha/ ha/year,

NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN

Ongoing Watershed projects in 18Ongoing Watershed projects in 18

Management Plans elaborated for 18 watershed (6.640.000 ha)

Management Plans elaborated for 18 watershed (6.640.000 ha)

Actions of protective plantations, pastoral and forest areas development , treatment of erosion

concentrated areas and supporting infrastructure

Actions of protective plantations, pastoral and forest areas development , treatment of erosion

concentrated areas and supporting infrastructure

NATIONAL WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN

Biological Treatment

Mechanical treatment

THE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT NEW APPROACH

Ongoing interregional programme for poverty alleviation and combating desertification through collaborative watershed

management: Ecuador, Morocco and Mauritania

Evaluation to promote exchange and dissemination of experiences in the implementation of watershed management projects executed from 1990 to 2000 to develop a new generation programs and development projects.

Strategies and policies at horizontal and sectoral levelscontributing to watershed management

F orests National Forest Plan Decennial programDevelopment plan for protected areas Master reforestation planMaster plan of action against forest fires Plan forestier national

Water integrated water resources management director Plan National Water Plan

AgricultureGreen Morocco Plan, Pillar 2: fair agriculture

Pasture: pasture Strategy Development

Sectoral level Sectoral level National Action Plan for the

Environment National Action Programme to

combat against desertification Integrated Rural Development

Strategy 2020

Horizontal and integratorHorizontal and integrator

Laws: Water Law… Fund for Agricultural

Development; Fund for Rural Development; National Forest Fund; Technical and financial

cooperation,

Implementation Instruments

Implementation Instruments

Mitigation of erosion and floods events (Ourika, Sefrou, El Hajeb ...)

Organization of the populations and emergence of a local development dynamics

Involvement of development stakeholders (institutions, NGOs, CL) in a conventional setting and exchange of knowledge and experience;

Capacity building of actors / appropriation of the participatory approach.

Mitigation of erosion and floods events (Ourika, Sefrou, El Hajeb ...)

Organization of the populations and emergence of a local development dynamics

Involvement of development stakeholders (institutions, NGOs, CL) in a conventional setting and exchange of knowledge and experience;

Capacity building of actors / appropriation of the participatory approach.

SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

Promoting sustainable watershed management requires:

An inclusive approach involving all stakeholders and oriented towards the long term without forgetting local population short term needs;

Strengthening and synchronization of sectoral action to better integrate local and regional programs

The adaptation funding mechanisms with the requirements of the participative approach Implementation of a regional project with the support of FAO to the operationalize the new Watershed magt approach; and ongoing negotiations with KFW for implementation of an integrated water management in a pilot watershed, involving a continuous process of dialogue between stakeholders.

Implementation of a regional project with the support of FAO to the operationalize the new Watershed magt approach; and ongoing negotiations with KFW for implementation of an integrated water management in a pilot watershed, involving a continuous process of dialogue between stakeholders.

SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

تهيئة األحواض المائية بمفهومها العام كمدخل مجالي لكل المشاريع التنموية

SUSTAINABLE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT