T18 envs10003 studio glossary

STUDENTNUMBER STUDENT NAME TERM DEFINITION (include source) OWN IMAGE DOCUMENTED IMAGE (include source) EXAMPLES of how, where and when

used (include sources)

637247 James McDonagh ARCHITRAVE

Architrave refers to the casting thatsurrounds a window or doorway,especially when it is continuous with thesame profile.

It is used on nearly all internal doors andwindows of buildings

Ching, FDK 2008, Building ConstructionIllustrated, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken,N.J.

This image shows the top of an internaldoor, with architrave casting around theedges of the door.

Source: http://www.architraves.co.uk/architrave.html


637862 Peter Martinich CONTROL JOINT

A joint placed in masonary constructionto allow for controlled and measuredexpansion and movement as a result ofthermal dynamics.

Used widely in brick and stone wallsaswell as concrete slabs.

http://www.answers.com/topic/control-joint

Own Imagehttps://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Hq0ZSVCDL_F5lM&tbnid=PiMlHlrkOuh6MM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vexcolt.com%2FMovement-Control-Joints-Ti-Lock%2520Series.htm&ei=XS5aUvO1DYr5kAXC9YGICA&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dGI&psig=AFQjCNFKm-j59KpD00Nyk2L47_wqsHmaBg&ust=1381728153317874

COPING

637618 ElizabethHazlewood CORNICE

Detailing that sits over the ceiling andwall join and can be created from one ormultiple moldings, which are theelements that make up a cornice.

Cornices can be very ornate or simpleand there a re multiple additions andvariations to the designs. Cornicesultimately allow for some flexibility in themeasurements and join between theceiling and wall join.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Ediition, JohnWiley & Sons.

Own Image - Basic cornic - the white stripbetween ceiling and wall



634066 Edison Cheung DEFLECTION

the movement of a structure or structuralmember when subjected to a load

The deflection of a spring beam dependson its length, its cross-sectional shape,the material, where the deflecting force isapplied, and how the beam is supported.

The free dictionary 2013, Farlex, Inc., PAviewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/deflection>.

Pearson, B 2009, Fig 2 deflection of asimple beam, image, viewed 14 Oct2013, <http://blog.cencophysics.com/2009/08/beam-deflection-youngs-modulus/>.

Elliott R, 2010, Clag, United Kingdomviewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://www.clag.org.uk/beam.html>.

EXPANSION JOINT

FLOATING FLOOR

FURRING CHANNEL

RISER

613901 Yuanyuan Ye SHADOWLINE

Shadowline is the intersection linebetween shadow and non-shadow face.

Shadowline used to define the shadowface of buildings compare with other non-face areas.It could be observed anywhere underlight.

My own image.http://www.expella.com.au/products/Shadowline-Diffuser.html

556382 Jiayi Li SHOP DRAWING

Detailed construction and fabricationdrawings that show the proposedmaterial, shape, size, and assembly ofthe parts and how the entire unit will beinstalled.

A shop drawing is a drawing or set ofdrawings produced by the contractor,supplier, manufacturer, subcontractor, orfabricator.The shop drawing normallyshows more detail than the constructiondocuments and primary emphasis is onthe particular product or installation andexcludes notation concerning otherproducts and installations, unlessintegration with the subject product isnecessary.

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/shop-drawings.html

http://www.advenser.com/mep-hvac-services/shop-fabrication-drawing.php

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shop_drawing

638039 Yasmeen Hassan SKIRTING

Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/shop-drawings.html#ixzz2hbmTKupg

Its purpose is to cover the joint betweenthe wall surface and the floor. It coversthe uneven edge as flooring meets thewall; skirting protects the wall from kicks,abrasion and furniture; and can serve asa decorative moulding.

ABIS. (2013). Skirting. Available: http://www.abis.com.au/skirting. Lastaccessed 13th Oct 2013.

Own image

NJ Interiors. (2009). Ceilings, Cornicing,Domes & Skirting. Available: http://www.njinteriors.com.au/page3.html. Lastaccessed 13th Oct 2013.

ABIS. (2013). Skirting. Available: http://www.abis.com.au/skirting. Lastaccessed 13th Oct 2013.

SUSPENDED CEILING

636614 Andy Zhang TONGUE AND GROOVE

A joint made by fitting a tongue on theedge of a board into a matching grooveon another board.

How: the joints are make at the side ofeach board (floor board) and is able toconnect to the next perfectly. where: theyare seen the most today in decking offloors and made from hardwood. when:classic housing all have wooden floors,hence this technique came into being andis used to connect the boards for securityand strongness

The American Heritage, 2009, Dictionaryof the English Language, Fourth Edition ,Published by Houghton Mifflin<http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tongue+and+groove> accessed on13th Oct 2013 own image

Builder Bill (2012), Tougue and Groove,Avaliable: http://www.builderbill-diy-help.com/tongue-and-groove-joint.html lastaccessed 13th Oct 2013.


630678 Qingning Chen TREAD

The horizontal platform of a stair. The dimensions of risers and treads in astairway should be proportioned to aaccommodate our body movement, Theirpitch, if steep, can make ascent physicallytiring as well as psychological forbiddingmand can make descent precarious. If thepitch of a stairway is shallow, its treadsshould be deep enough to fit out stride.

Wood solutions 2013, viewed13/10/2013, <http://www.woodsolutions.com.au>

own image

Dezine Holdings Ltd 2013,viewed13/10/2013, <http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fstairs.interiordezine.com%2Fstair-construction%2Fparts-of-a-staircase%2F&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=2D2aM1m192zt1M&tbnh=239&tbnw=211&zoom=1&docid=IJamqo1vwRvLSM&ei=Z3NaUv5Dj86SBYKqgdAC&ved=0CAQQsCU>

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Ediition, JohnWiley & Sons.'STAIR DESIGN', pp 9.03



634066 Edison Cheung AGRICULTURAL DRAIN

The removal of water from the surface ofthe land and the control of the shallowgroundwater table improves the soil as amedium for plant growth.

The purpose of agricultural drainage canbe summed up as the improvement of soilwater conditions to enhance agriculturaluse of the land. Such enhancement maycome about by direct effects on cropgrowth, by improving the efficiency offarming operations or, under irrigatedconditions, by maintaining or establishinga favorable salt regime. Drainage systemsare engineering structures that removewater according to the principles of soilphysics and hydraulics. Theconsequences of drainage, however, mayalso include a change in the quality of thedrainage water. Agricultural drainage isdivided into two broad classes; surfaceand subsurface. Some installations serveboth purposes.

Ecomii 2013, ecomii, LLC, U.S. viewed14 Oct 2013, <http://www.ecomii.com/science/encyclopedia/land-drainage-agriculture>.

Griffith R, 2010, Mug and sole field drain,photograph viewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mug_and_sole_field_drain.JPG>.

Ecomii 2013, ecomii, LLC, U.S. viewed 14Oct 2013, <http://www.ecomii.com/science/encyclopedia/land-drainage-agriculture>.

AIR BARRIER

638039 Yasmeen Hassan BOX GUTTER

A box gutter is a form of gutteringsystem. It gets it's name as not only doesit embody a box'like shape, but it is alsoboxed-in on all sides limiting stormwaterfrom flowing out of the gutter.

A box gutter is located between tworoofing systems that feed stormwater intoit - the water is then drained throughdownpipe nozzles. The box gutter isusually installed before the roof, thereforeif the gutter has to be replaced, the roofhas to be removed; making replacementtime consuming and costly.

The Roofing Professionals Westside.(2013). What is a box gutter?. Available:http://theroofingprofessionalswestside.com.au/faq-what-is-a-box-gutter/. Lastaccessed 10t Oct 2013.

Own Image

Architectural Design Panels Inc.. (2013).7" SEAMLESS BOX GUTTER ANDDOWNSPOUT. Available: http://adpinj.com/seamless_7_box_gutter__accessories.Last accessed 10t Oct 2013.

The Roofing Professionals Westside.(2013). What is a box gutter?. Available:http://theroofingprofessionalswestside.com.au/faq-what-is-a-box-gutter/. Lastaccessed 10t Oct 2013.

CAPILLARY ACTION

DAMP PROOF COURSE

637618 ElizabethHazlewood DRIP

Used on the bottom of window framesand on other edges where water runs offthe building. The drip provides amechanism to ensure that water will notrun back towards the building by creatinga gap which causes the water pool andsubsequently drip (hence the name).

Drips are often worked into buildingmasonary, but drips can be formed inmultiple materials and in different styles.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Ediition, JohnWiley & Sons. pg 5.34



630678 Qingning Chen FASCIA GUTTER

a shallow trough fixed beneath the edgeof a roof for carrying off rainwater

The fascia and guttering are two crucialparts of your home’s plumbing;transporting rainwater from the roof intothe building’s drainage system. Donewell, they’ll protect your home againstleaks, as well as act as visual trim,making up a good chunk of how yourplace looks from the outside.

Online Oxford Dictionaries.OxfordUniversity Press. <http://oxforddictionaries.com/>. viewed:29/09/2013

own image, 3D drawing of detailedOVAL, AL-06 is fascia gutter

ABC Seamless 2013, NSW, viewed29/09/2013, < https://www.google.com.au/search?q=fascia+gutter&hl=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=tHRZUqmkKMKmlQWomYAw&ved=0CAcQ_AUoATgK&biw=1600&bih=757&dpr=1#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=FIFz0yO8gkbHqM%3A%3BHYnMl-0380nOYM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.abcseamless.com.au%252Fimages%252Ffascia.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.abcseamless.com.au%252Fgutter_range.htm%3B227%3B266>

B Anderson Roofing Pty Ltd 2013,Victoria, viewed 29/09/2013, <http://www.bandersonroofing.com.au/metal-roof-installation-melbourne/gutter-replacement-melbourne.aspx>

633976 Rae HUANG GASKET

a shaped sheet or ring of rubber or othermaterial sealing the junction between twosurfaces in an engine or other device

2013 Oxford University Press,available<http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/gasket>

556382 Jiayi Li PARAPET CAPPING

Pararpet capping is a kind of flash on theparapetwall which provides an effectivesolution for preventing water fromentering from the top of a parapet wall.

A variety of materials are available to capoff the wall, with limestone, terra cotta,hard-fired clay, or precast concretepreferred.These materials have thermalproperties similar to those of brick andconcrete masonry.Metal caps, on theother hand, have a coefficient of thermalexpansion nearly three times greater thanmasonry, which causes a significantamount of differential movement betweenthe parapet cap and the wall below.Capscan be manufactured in a variety ofshapes, but they must possess adequatepitch, sufficient projections (1-in.minimum), and continuous drips.

http://www.steelselect.com/content/viewresource.php?id=4293

http://www.steelselect.com/content/viewresource.php?id=4293

http://www.masonryconstruction.com/anchors/parapet-walls.aspx

PRESSURE EQUALIZATION CHAMBER

637247 James McDonagh RAIN WATER HEAD

A rain water head (also known as leaderhead or conductor head) is a device usedin roof plumbing to capture stormwaterrunoff from the rain guttering of abuilding. A rain water head (also knownas leader) should be applied to anydownspout over 40' (12m ) long.

It is used on any downspout over 40'(12m ) long.


An image of a rainwater head and downpipe (green in colour) against a brick wallof a building.

A diagram of a gutter and end cap(located at top), and a rainwater head(H), a strap (T) a downspout (L), and anelbow connection (S). Source: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Leader


613901 Yuanyuan Ye SEALANT

A sealant may be viscous material thathas little or no flow characteristics andstay where they are applied or thin andrunny so as to allow it to penetrate thesubstrate by means of capillary action.

Sealants fall between higher-strengthadhesives at one end and extremely low-strength putties and caulks at the other.They are particularly effective in keepingmoisture in or out of the components inwhich they are used.It has a big range to be used and couldbe used anywhere.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealant

http://www.buildingdiagnostics.com/articles/sealantjoints.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealant

6378562 Peter Martinich SISALATION (REFLECTIVE FOILLAMINATE)

A reflectiove foil based insulation productused to encase woolen vats for thermalinsulation. The reflective properties ofsisalation prevent uv rays from affectingthe thermal properties of a space.

Used in both walling and flooringcavaties. Can only be used in veneerwalling due to cavity space.

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_sisalation

Own Imagehttps://www.google.com.au/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=X6pJW_Zkymwr-M&tbnid=3ZDJIDgxVht7mM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fforum.homeone.com.au%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ff%3D20%26t%3D19801&ei=jSpaUtzmNIH9lAXA-YCICw&bvm=bv.53899372,d.dGI&psig=AFQjCNG74-ll5TgVpOLcir4-zTalqcxmnQ&ust=1381727128157235

TANKING

636614 Andy Zhang THERMAL BREAK

An element of low conductivity placedbetween two conductive materials to limitheat flow; for use in metal windows orcurtain walls that are to be used in coldclimates.

How: thermal break are potentially foundin window sections as seen in mostwindows where there is a small sectionwhihc reduce or prevent the conductivityof wind or heat thus resulting in a thermalbreak. where: they are designed in mostmodern windows which is a considerationfor extrme conditions and interiorexperiene. When: this little design iscustom today to be used in all buildingsespecially in high rises as the thermalstandards are very high.

Dictionary of construction, 2013,WebFinance, Inc, <http://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/thermal-break.html>

own imagehttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/thermal-break.html

References:Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction Illustrated 4th edition, JohnWiley & Sons



556382 Jiayi Li BUTT-JOINT GLAZING

Butt joint glazing applications typicallyinvolve the use of 3/8” and thicker floatglass inapplications where the glass is retainedat the head and sill with no support onthe verticaledges. The vertical butt joints betweenthe lites of glass are typically filled with asiliconesealant for a weather seal. Edgeworkrequirements for butt joint glazing

It can be protected from sun's UV rays .Ensure that any edge being glazed withthe glass edge exposed to sunlight is fullyoverflashed with an aluminium strip orsimilar using tapes and sealants such asneutral cure silicone.

http://www.pilkington.com/resources/ats114buttjointedgequality20130114.pdf

http://www.metroglasstech.co.nz/catalogue/181.aspx

http://www.metroglasstech.co.nz/catalogue/181.aspx

637247 James McDonagh DGU

Double glazed unit windows consist oftwo glass window panes separated by anair or other gas filled space to reduceheat transfer, noise transfer, and UV raysfrom sunlight. It also restrictscondensation.

It is used in most windows and is installedthe same way as a single pane glasswindow. though more expensive, it willsave buildings money in the long term, bylowered energy costs for heating.


These windows are double glazed, Theyare usually standard in most homes andbuildings.

http://arh.cozyhome.com.au/glass/double-glazing_insulated_glass_units_parameters.html

613901 Yuanyuan Ye DOOR STOP

A doorstop is an object or device used tohold a door open or closed, or to preventa door from opening too widely.

A doorstop can be a thin slat built inside adoor frame to prevent a door fromswinging through when closed. A doorstop may applied to the frame of a door tostop the door from swinging andconverting that door to a single direction.It could used anytime and anywhere thedoor places.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doorstop

My own image

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fb/Built-in_floor_door_stop.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doorstop

630678 Qingning Chen MULLION

a vertical bar between the panes of glassin a window

a slender vertical member that forms adivision between units of a window, door,or screen or is used decoratively


own image

2010 painterforum.com, viewed22/09/2013, <https://www.google.com.au/search?q=purlin&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=knJZUtmKNoShkgXg5oCADA&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1600&bih=757&dpr=1#q=mullion&tbm=isch&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=Iu9neO534FNKsM%3A%3Bp99ldIqwUToYIM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.painterforum.com%252Fimage%252Fimg11.gif%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.painterforum.com%252Fwindowsash.html%3B316%3B198>

2013 Merriam-Webster, Incorporated,viewed 22/09/2013, <http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mullion>

PERPEND

634066 Edison Cheung REBATE

In architecture a rebate or rabbet is arectangular longitudinal recess or groove,cut in the corner or edge of any body toaccept the edge, or tongue of anotherpiece.

the groove cut to accept a panel, a paneof glass, or a door, is known as a rebateor rabbet.

Probert encyclopadia 2013, The NewSociety For The Diffusion of Knowledge,United Kingdom viewed 14th Oct 2013,<http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/TR.HTM>.

JOINTS FOR DOOR FRAMES WITHREBATES 2013, image, autonopediaviewed 14th Oct 2013, <http://autonopedia.org/buildings-and-shelter/rural-building/door-and-window-frames/>.

Probert encyclopadia 2013, The NewSociety For The Diffusion of Knowledge,United Kingdom viewed 14th Oct 2013,<http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/browse/TR.HTM>.

SPANDREL PANEL

THRESHOLD

TOP/BOTTOM RAILS

TRANSOM

637862 Peter Martinich WINDOW / DOOR JAMB

Vertical members used to transfervertical loads in the lintel down to theground.

Sides of door and window openings ofwalls under compression.


Own Image jxnengineering.com, viewed 22/09/13


WINDOW / DOOR STILES

636614 Andy Zhang WINDOW HEAD

The upper horizontal cross member of awindow frame

How: a window head is the top part of allwindows and forms the frame of a windowwhich transforms the load from the abovestructure to the side whist taking load.Where: all window structures havewindow heads as it acts as a majorcomponent of windows and their primaryfunction. When: they have existed sincethe invention of modern day windowswhich follow the primary forces of windowstructures

McGraw-Hill,2003, "Dictionary ofArchitecture and Construction" McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

own imagehttp://bramptonwindows.ca/windows/windows-101/


637618 ElizabethHazlewood WINDOW SASH

A window sash refers to the part of thewindow frame that is either fixed ormoving in which the glass sits. It is fittedbetween the exterior window casing andthe window frame.

A double sashed window means the twowindow panes can each slide where as asingle sashed window refers to only onesection of the window being able to move.


Own Image

The Designer Gardens, 2010, accessed3/10/13 <http://www.thedesignergardens.com/home-improvement-world/weatherstripping-doors-and-windows-fall-maintenance>


638039 Yasmeen Hassan WINDOW SILL

A window sill is a horizontal member atthe base of a window frame and opening.

Located at the base of the windowstructure - acting as a support structurefor the two side beams - influencing theflow of water and sunlight

Farlex. (2013). Windowsill. Available:http://www.thefreedictionary.com/windowsill . Last accessed 26thdSep 2013.

Own Image

Collumbia Mill Works. (2009). Examplematerials > Windowsill. Available: http://columbiamillworks.com/profiles/gallery.php?album=window%20sills&place=19.Last accessed 26thd Sep 2013.

Farlex. (2013). Windowsill. Available: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/windowsill .Last accessed 26thd Sep 2013.



634066 Edison Cheung BATTEN

A Batten is a small section of timber orsteel which provides a means ofsupporting, positioning or fixing roofcladding

Battens run perpendicular to, and overthe top of the rafters. They are fixed onthe outer side of the rafters and aredesigned as bending members spanningbetween the rafters and loaded by gravityforces from construction or by wind upliftforces transmitted through the sheeting.While they have a structural function forthe overall roof frame, they are principallythe support for the roof cover.

Abis 2013, Australian Building InspectionServices, Brisbane viewed 14 Oct 2013,<http://www.abis.com.au/batten>.

Standard Counter Batten Indstallation2013, photograph, viewed 14 Oct 2013,<http://www.gerardusa.com/steel-metal-roofing/installation/counter-batten-install>.

Abis 2013, Australian Building InspectionServices, Brisbane viewed 14 Oct 2013,<http://www.abis.com.au/batten>.

BOTTOM PLATE

636614 Andy Zhang DOWN PIPE

A downspout (or downpipe) is a verticalpipe for carrying rainwater from a raingutter to ground level.

How: the down pipe is a verticle pipewhich brings water collected from therooftop box gutter down to the ground andprotects the ceiling structure. where: it isfound in all buildings as water and rainprotection is crutial to all buildings. When:they are found as one of the oldest waysto despose of rainwater in buildings and ismostly in use during rain conditions.

The free dictionary, 2013, Collins EnglishDictionary- Complete and Unabridged,HarperCollins Publishers <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/downpipe>

own imagehttp://www.absolutegutters.com.au/index.php?page=downpipe-styles


637247 James McDonagh EAVE

An eave is the edge of a roof, whichhangs over the wall. The eave projectsover the wall so that it can carry rainwater away from the wall, and providecover to paths longside walls.

Eaves are used on most domestichouses. They exist where ever the roofhangs over the walls.

http://www.build.com.au/roof/roof-types-and-materials/roofing-parts-and-elements/eaves

This photo shows the gutter of a roof, abrick wall with a window, and the eave.

The eave is shown here and labelled aseaves framing. It is the entire horizontalsection of this triangle. http://www.builderbill-diy-help.com/eaves-lining.html

ETFE

638039 Yasmeen Hassan GABLE ROOF

Gable roofs slope downward in two partsfrom a central ridge, to form a gable ateach end.

HowRidge board is a nonstructural horizontalmember to which upper ends of raftersare attached. Common rafters extendfrom ridge beam to wall plate. Sufficientheadroom in roofing system allows atticspace. WhenUsed as roofing systems WhereGable roofs mainly used on domestichouses

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p6.16.

My Own Image

Mary. (2010). Gable Roof. Available: http://harpermary.blogspot.com.au/2010_10_01_archive.html. Lastaccessed 19th Sep 2013.

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p6.16.

637618 ElizabethHazlewood GUTTER

Used to collect water running off theeaves of roofs.By collecting the waterthey are directing it away from thebuilding, helping prevent erosion andflooding.

Gutters can be connected to drainpipes(the downward following pipes) to helpcontrol where water runs on a property.Gutters also enable the collection ofrainwater-to-rainwater tanks. There aremany different types of gutters design fordifferent environment, for example inareas of gutter exposed to high levels offalling vegetation the gutter can comewith mesh place on top to prevent theloss leaves clogging the gutter andpreventing it from taking water off theroof.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Ediition, JohnWiley & Sons, Page 7.17

Superior Gutter Worx, 2010, accessed20/09/2013, <http://www.superiorgutterworx.com/site/>

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Ediition, JohnWiley & Sons, Page 7.17

HIP ROOF

630678 Qingning Chen PURLIN

a horizontal beam along the length of aroof, resting on principals and supportingthe common rafters or boards.

One of a series of horizontal framingtimbers supporting the rafters or spanningbetween trusses or frames andsupporting the roof. Purlins usually spanat right angles to the slope of the roof


image was taken during OVAL site visit.

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fcdmp%2Fdocument%2Fchaman%2Fchasect567.html&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=GXvz-LfwG9dHpM&tbnh=162&tbnw=311&zoom=1&docid=FcbqYECCyT53GM&ei=mHJZUpa_G8qCkgXA9YG4AQ&ved=0CAMQsCU

Wood solutions 2013, viewed 15/09/2013,<http://www.woodsolutions.com.au>

637862 Peter Martinich RAFTER

A beam that forms the internal frameworkof a roof, spanning between beams andproviding the form to the roof,

All types of roofing frames


Own Image

http://homecents.com/gloss/framing/Index.html, viewd22/09/13


ROCKWOOL

613901 Yuanyuan Ye SARKING

Sarking is the use of wood panels, or"sarking boards", under the shingles of aroof to provide support.

Sarkings are mostly used in roofstructure. The shingles or slates arenailed directly to the sarking boardswithout timber battens, providing a strong,wind-resistant roof.It could be used all the time.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarking

http://www.greenspec.co.uk/unventilated-roof-insulation.php

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarking

SKILLION ROOF

556382 Jiayi Li SOFFIT

the underside of an arch or architrave(whether supported by piers or columns)

The main role of soffit is to give a smoothappearance to the roof and giveprotection as well.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soffit

http://www.nzspoutingsolutions.co.nz/#/technical-warranties/4546253475

http://ardivanenterprises.com/blog/2012/09/14/what-are-the-functions-of-soffit-and-fascia-to-our-roof-system/

TOP PLATE



633976 Rae Huang CLADDING

It is a protective layer of materials thatseparates a building's structure andinterior from exterior elements, such asweather and sound.

HOW,WHERE AND WHEN The exteriorcladding is often not one material but anassembly of materials, and each materialhas its own importance in blockingexterior conditions. For example, acontemporary house will have an exteriorveneer of siding or brick, a moistureresistant plastic wrap, insulation and avapor barrier to protect the interior.

Ryan Crooks, What Is ExteriorCladding?,Demand Media, Inc.,1999-2013,available:<http://www.ehow.com/about_6610588_exterior-cladding_.html> picture took in MSLE

WoodSolutions, 2013, available:<http://www.woodsolutions.com.au/Applications-Products/external-cladding>.

Ryan Crooks, What Is Exterior Cladding?,Demand Media, Inc.,1999-2013,available:<http://www.ehow.com/about_6610588_exterior-cladding_.html>

634066 Edison Cheung COLD FORMED METAL

Shapes manufactured by press-brakingblanks sheared from sheets, cutlengths of coils or plates, or by rollforming cold- or hot-rolled coilsor sheets; both forming operations beingperformed at ambient roomtemperature, that is, without manifestaddition of heat such as would berequired from hot forming.

Cold-formed steel is widely used forbuildings, automobiles, equipment,home and office furniture, utility poles,storage racks, grain bins,highway products, drainage facilities, andbridges. Its popularity canbe attributed to ease of mass productionand prefabrication, uniformquality, lightweight designs, economy intransportation and handling,and quick and simple erection orinstallation.

Roger A. LaBoube, Ph.D., P.E. and BrianJaks, P.E. 2008, Using Cold-FormedSteel Members, National Council ofStructural Engineers Associations, U.S.viewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://www.structuremag.org/article.aspx?articleID=739>.

Cold formed steel sections 2013, image,viewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://www.ruukki.com/Products-and-solutions/Steel-products/Cold-formed-steel-sections>.

steel works 2013, American Iron andSteel Institute, PA viewed 14 Oct 2013,<http://www.steel.org/en/sitecore/content/SMDISteel_org/Web%20Root/Construction/Cold-Formed%20Steel%20Design.aspx>.

636614 Andy Zhang CURTAIN WALL

Curtain wall is a term used to describe abuilding facade which does not carry anydead load from the building other than itsown dead load. These loads aretransferred to the main building structurethrough connections at floors or columnsof the building. A curtain wall is designedto resist air and water infiltration, windforces acting on the building, seismicforces, and its own dead load forces.

How:Curtain walls are typically designedwith extruded aluminum members,although the first curtain walls wereprepared of steel. Where:The curtainwalls are found in the outside of buildingstoday to enhance sunlight and transferthe load to the main building structureWhen:Prior to the mid-20th Century,historically, a curtain wall described theset of walls that surrounded and protectedthe interior of a medieval castle.

http://www.wheatonsprague.com/curtain-wall

http://www.wheatonsprague.com/curtain-wall

http://www.wheatonsprague.com/curtain-wall# Francis D.K Ching, 2008,Building Construction illustrated, 4thEdition, John Wiley & Sons

637247 James McDonagh FLASHING

Flashing refers to thin pieces ofimpervious material installed to preventthe passage of water into a structurefrom a joint. It can be alluminium, copper,or a variety of other metals in sheet form,and can be exposed or concealed.

Flashing is used in roof valleys, ridges,hips, changes in roof pitch, chimneys,vent pipes, roof drains and skylights.There are other locations on the roof inwhich flashing is used, anywhere wherewater may be able to penetrate into theroof (Ching 2008).


The flashing is shown over the roof tilesaround the base of the ventilator

This image shows a different use offlashing, to seal the joints between ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:H%C3%B4tel_Demoret_-_Moulins_(2).jpg


HEIGHT TO WIDTH RATIO

Peter Martinich 637862 LINTEL

A load bearing Archtectural feature usedto open gaps around other archtecturalfeatures, eg. doors and windows

Used to bear loads over archtectualopenings in buildings, eg.window frames,door spans snd other architectualopenings.

http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/menuglossary/lintel.htm,Jane Vadnal (1997)

Own Image www.greengates.co.uk, Brick 2007

http://www.ask.com/question/what-is-a-lintel-beam, various authors, 2013

637618 ElizabethHazlewood NOGGING

Horizontal beam/member that is used tosupport the beams from lateral forces.

Noggings can be placed flush with studs(face of nogging lines up with stud face)or in the centre depth of studs. Dependingon how you place the nogging can effecthow and what claddings are attached.Noggings can also be used and featuresto help strengthen brick work.

Build Right, Timber Wall Framing-Nogging, accessed 10/09/2013 <http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series10/10_01/content/bcgbc4010a/11_wall_systems/01_timber_wall_framing/page_008.htm>

Own Image.

Probert Encylopedia, Nogging, accessed10/09/2013 <http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/cgi-bin/res.pl?keyword=Nogging&offset=0>

Build Right, Timber Wall Framing-Nogging, accessed 10/09/2013 <http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series10/10_01/content/bcgbc4010a/11_wall_systems/01_timber_wall_framing/page_008.htm>

PARAPET

638039 Yasmeen Hassan PLASTERBOARD

Plasterboard is a gypsum plaster panelpressed between two thick sheets ofpaper card.

HowPlasterboard is used for interior walls andceilings WherePlasterboard is used globally WhenThe first plasterboard plant was opened in1888 in the UK, with gypsum boardsevolving between 1910 and 1930.

Schneider, R. (2013). What is Drywall?.Available: http://www.homeimprovementpages.com.au/article/what_is_drywall. Last accessed10th Sep 2013.

My own image

Bunnings Warehouse. (n.d. ).Plasterboard Wall Re 10mm . Available:http://www.bunnings.com.au/plasterboard-wall-re-10mm-csr-3600x1200mm-4-32sqm-10030_p0730061. Last accessed 10thSep 2013.

Schneider, R. (2013). What is Drywall?.Available: http://www.homeimprovementpages.com.au/article/what_is_drywall. Last accessed10th Sep 2013.

PLY BRACING

556382 Jiayili RENDER

a surface covering to the external façadeof buildings.Wall rendering in layman'sterms is similar to plastering of externalwalls. After suitable preperation, rendercan be applied to almost any externalmasonry, but care must be taken to applythe correct type of render, determined bythe substrate it is to be applied.

Architectural rendering play an importantrole in part of construction performance. Agood render of the architecture worksoften bring a new building visualperformance and as a soul to prensentthe accurate grasp of color, light andpositioning and bearing the weight for theessence of the whole building.

http://www.avantcoatings.co.uk/masonry-coatings-gallery.aspx

My own photohttp://www.avantcoatings.co.uk/masonry-coatings-gallery.aspx

613901 Yuanyuan Ye STEEL ANGLE

Steel angle are produced at the highestquality and can be either ordered in fulllengths, or can be cut to yourrequirement. They are formed by bendinga single angle in a steel. There are threetypes of steel angles: Steel AngleGalvanised, Steel Angle Black and SteelLintels.

How:Steel angles are used for various purposein industries and also used for brankets,trim and reinforcements.Where:Steel angles are used globally.WhenIt used to be used to suit for differenttypes of construction as required.

Steel Solutions Melbourne, 2013. Steelangles [online]. http://www.steelsolutions.com.au/steel-angle. Accessed 10th Sep,2013.

My own imagehttp://www.banwarilal.com/mild-steel-angle.htm

Mascot steel and tools, 2013. Steel Angle[online]. http://www.mascotsteel.com.au/Steel_Supplies/Steel_Angle.aspx.Accessed 10th Sep 2013.

630678 Qingning Chen STUD

One of a series of vertical framingtimbers used as a supporting element ina wall or partition

The maximum heights achievable for aparticular steel stud wall system arebased on sound engineering principleswhich take into account relevantAustralian Standards and the BuildingCode of Australia. When selecting which size steel stud andtrack to use in a particular wall system it iscrucial to allow for the following factors: Fire RatingLateral wind loadingVertical loadingShelf loadingAcoustic PerformanceDeflection – Lateral & Vertical

Wood solutions 2013, viewed08/09/2013, <http://www.woodsolutions.com.au>

self image taken during OVAL site visit

2010 DIY-Home-Theater-Design.com -All Images Are Copyright Of TheirRespective Holders, viewed 08/09/2013,<http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diy-home-theater-design.com%2Fstaggered-stud-wall.html&h=0&w=0&sz=1&tbnid=8K6_F-XMYs3JuM&tbnh=249&tbnw=202&zoom=1&docid=RFD-WpMZySXhNM&ei=-XFZUu-yIMe5lAWkwYDoDw&ved=0CAMQsCU>

Peer industries 2013, Queensland,viewed 08/09/2013, <http://01peer.com/corporate/>

VAPOUR BARRIER

WEEP HOLE



637247 James McDonagh BEARER

A beam supported by jack studs,foundation walls, piles or piers which inturn supports joists, jack studs or subfloorframing.

Typically used in small buildings such asresidential houses, in which a woodenfloor system is used.

http://www.carters.co.nz/buildingterminology/ There are 3 bearers in this image, which

rest on top of the concrete stumpsprotruding from the ground. http://www.stevecoates.com.au/owner-building/floor-bearers-and-joists/

This image shows a diagram of a timberbearer which acts a s a beam, spanningbetween the two concrete stumps,creating the floor of the building.toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au

BILL OF QUANTITIES

634 066 Edison Cheung BUILDING SURVEYOR

Building surveyors provide professionaladvice on property andconstruction, which spans acrossresidential, commercial, industrial,leisure and agriculture projects.

Prospects 2013, Graduate ProspectsLtd., Manchester viewed 31 Aug 2013,<http://www.prospects.ac.uk/building_surveyor_job_description.htm>.

636614 Andy Zhang CONTINUOUS SPAN

A span which is formed of a series ofconsecutive spans (over three or moresupports) that are continuously or rigidlyconnected so that bending moment maybe transmitted from one span to theadjacent ones.

How: the Continous spans of structuresare connected by bears and joists to formthe suports to 3 or more points where:theContinous span is most seen in deckingsof structures and it is crititcal to designand supply the correct amount of timberwhen:they ar used as the foundation of astrucutre which supports the basis of acontruction.

http://www.answers.com/topic/continuous-span-1#ixzz2ej6HhvLd

http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series10/10_01/content/bcgbc4010a/10_floor_systems/09_sub_floor_bearers/page_002.htm

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons

637618 ElizabethHazlewood

CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER (CLT)

Timber is layered at right angles afterbeing kiln dried, it is then glued togetherwith non-toxic materials and placedunder a hydraulic to ensure the pieces oftimber are joined together properly.

Being a relatively new material to hit theconstruction market it is designed to besustainable, lightweight (20% weight ofconcrete) and strong meaning that it isbeing increasingly used in greenconscious structures. Doesn’t requirereinforcing and is quick to assemble andcan be used throughout structures wherewood or concrete are otherwise used.

Cross Laminated Timber, What is crosslaminated timber, accessed 5/09/2013<http://www.crosslaminatedtimber.com.au/WhatIsCrossLaminatedTimber.aspx>

Cross Laminated Timber, Benefts,accessed 5/09/2013 <http://www.crosslaminatedtimber.com.au/Benefits.aspx>

Cross Laminated Timber, Homepage,accessed 5/09/2013 <http://www.crosslaminatedtimber.com.au/index.aspx>

633976 Rae Huang DEVELOPER

a person or thing that developssomething, esp a person who developsproperty.

Broadly speaking, I think developer canbe any one who helps the countrydeveloping, or the house. for instance, thebuilder, which is the main component inthe city development.

The free dictionary, Farlex, Inc.,2013,available:<http://www.thefreedictionary.com/developer>

Picture took in consustruction site in frontof Queens College.

David A Todd,Sep 17, 2010,Relationships and ContractAdministration,available:<http://buildipedia.com/aec-pros/from-the-job-site/relationships-and-contract-administration?print=1&tmpl=component>

556382 Jiayili FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility studies begin with siteevaluation and analysis to determine thesuitability of the site for the project inquestion. Building code and zoningregulation review follows, to ensure thatthe proposed project would comply withall applicable codes. Site and buildingprogramming is documented to outlinethe desired interior and exterior spacesand their uses. Conceptual design of the site andbuilding is developed based upon theprogramming that has been outlined andthe aesthetic qualities desired. A budgetis generated, which consists of an initialestimate of construction cost based onsquare footage, using industry coststandards. Finally, documents can begenerated for use in presentations tobuilding committees and municipalboards when seeking approval for theproject.

How：Each project is different however,we generally apply the following designconsiderations when reviewing eachoption within the study:accessdaylightsustainability and green design optionsarea (sqm)usageestimated construction costestimated construction timeservices (water/drainage/electricity)complexity of buildstatutory consents (implications)

http://www.misiaszekturpin.com/architectural_planning_services.php?show=feasibility_studies

own Photo

http://www.misiaszekturpin.com/architectural_planning_services.php?show=feasibility_studies

http://fifearchitects.com/services/feasibility-studies

637862 Peter Martinich FORM DECK

A galvanized corrugated decking usedspecifically for accepting the placementof concrete or asphalt. In asphaltapplications, the form deck is designed tosupport all deck dead and live loads. Inconcrete applications, reinforcing barsand concrete will support the deck deadand live loads, and the form deck willonly support the weight of wet concreteand a small uniform construction load.

Used for pouring conctere in void spaceswhere there is no base for the concrete tocure on, providing a temporary footing forthe reinforcement.

http://ironbridgefab.com/bridges/technical-information/glossary-of-terms, Iron BridgeFabrication LTD, 2011

Own Image

http://bjhllh.en.alibaba.com/product/671322823-200767428/Strong_Intensity_Open_type_Steel_Floor_Decking_with_Strengthen_Ribs.html,Sion Sun (2010)

http://www.formdeckconstructions.com.au/,

630678 Qingning Chen LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER (LVL)

Laminated Veneer Lumber is a high-strength engineered wood product madefrom veneers bonded together underheat and pressure. It is used forpermanent structural applicationsincluding beams and rafters

LVL Formwork Beams are engineered togive highly predictable performance inconcrete formworking applications. Commonly used in concrete formwork asjoists, bearers, walers, soldiers andsupports, LVL Formwork beams canreduce forming costs and improve thequality of your concrete finish. LVL formwork beams are manufacturedto be uniform, strong, light and straightunder a strict quality control process in amodern manufacturing facility.

Wood solutions 2013, viewed01/09/2013, <http://www.woodsolutions.com.au/Wood-Product-Categories/Laminated-Veneer-Lumber-LVL> image was taken during OVAL site visit.

strong base, with layers

Wood solutions 2013, viewed01/09/2013, <http://www.woodsolutions.com.au/Wood-Product-Categories/Laminated-Veneer-Lumber-LVL>

AWP 2012, Australian Wood Panel,Australia, viewed 01/09/2013, <http://www.awpanels.com.au/lvl/lvl-formwork-beams/>

QUANTITY SURVEYOR

RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTION

613901 Yuanyuan Ye SACRIFICIAL FORMWORK

It's a basic formwork of wallingconstruction of ground beams, pile capsand ribbed slabs.

HowSacrificial formwork is used for theapplications of ground beams, footings,bases, construction joints and waffleslabs.WhereIt could be used globally.WhenIt used to be used in walling and groundsystems.

BuildForNextGen. 2013. PecafilUniversal Formwork [online]. http://www.duraconc.com.au/Pecafil/. Accessed 11thSep 2013.

My own imagehttp://www.formatechinternational.com/how-it-works/

ARC Extraordinary Lengths. 2013.Formwork and Decking [online]. http://www.arcreo.com.au/product_family/17.Accessed 11th Sep 2013.

638039 Yasmeen Hassan SINGLE SPAN

A single span is the distance betweentwo supports

HowA single span is a joist supported by onlytwo bearers. This differs from acontinuous span that features a joistsupported by more than two bearers. WhereSingle spans are a global constructionfeature WhenSingle spans are often used in flooringand in bridge structures

Farlex. (2013). Span. Available: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/span . Lastaccessed 3rd Sep 2013.

Own Image

Coghlan, M. (2013). Single Span.Available: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikecogh/8668644044/. Lastaccessed 3rd Sep 2013.

Build Right. (n.d. ). Sub-floor framing -Floor joists. Available: http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series10/10_01/content/bcgbc4010a/10_floor_systems/10_sub_floor_framing_floor_joists/page_004.htm.Last accessed 3rd Sep 2013.

SPECIFICATIONS

TRIMMER



ADMIXTURE

EFFLORESCENCE

634066 Edison Cheung ELASTIC LIMIT

the greatest stress that can be applied toa material without causing permanentdeformation

Elastic limit is needed to determineweather the load can apply on thematerial or not in order not to let it breakdown but bearing the maxium load.

The free dictionary 2013, Farlex, Inc., PAviewed 14 Oct 2013, <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/elastic+limit>.

Stress-strain diagram of a medium-carbon structural steel 2013, diagram,viewed 14 Oct 2013, < http://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-of-materials/stress-strain-diagram>.

FIRE RATED

FLANGE

633995 Xin Chen FORMWORK

Formwork is the term given to eithertemporary or permanent molds into whichconcrete or similar materials are poured.

For removable forms, once the concretehas been poured into formwork and hasset (or cured), the formwork is struck orstripped (removed) to expose the finishedconcrete.

http://www.builderbill-diy-help.com/image-files/wall-formwork.jpg

California Department of Transportation2006, California Department ofTransportation, U.S. viewed 12 Sept 2013<http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/esc/oe/project_plans/HTM/stdplns-US-customary-units-new06.htm>

613901 Yuanyuan Ye GRAIN

Grain is the arabesquitic on the surfaceof the construction material.

Different types of grains have differentways to be cut, folded or fabricated. Grain could be found when lookingelaboratively on the surface of material.An material might has various grains onits surface.

My own image

http://www.networlddirectory.com/blogs/archives/Science-blog/1265849597-Aug-10-2007.html

637862 INSULATION

Reduction of heat loss and transferbetween surfaces through the use ofwoolen vats, retaining energy in thesystem and resulting in a conservation ofenergy.

Used in roof cavaties as a means ofretaining hot air within a space andpreventing its loss, reducing on energyconsumption and saving on householdcost,. Used in wall, roof and flooringsystems.

http://www.insul.net/howto.php

Own Image www.yourhome.gov.au, D Parker, 2012

http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/types-insulation,California State Government (2011)

638039 Yasmeen Hassan NAIL

Nails are long straight metal pieces usedin constructing. One side of the nail ispointed and sharp for cutting throughwood and other building materials, whilstthe opposite end is enlarged and flatallowing for hammering.

HowThe purpose of a nail is to fasten buildingmaterials in construction. WhereNails are used globally in construction WhenNails can be used to determine thehistory of a building. Until the late 17oosand the early 1800s hand wrought nailsmade by a blacksmith were used. Afterthese dates, various machines wereinvented in the United States resulting inthe birth of machine-constructed nails.

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p12.01-12.22.

My Own Image

DIY Trade. (2012). Clout Nail. Available:http://www.diytrade.com/china/pd/4878169/CLOUT_NAIL.html. Last accessed 27th Aug 2013.

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p12.01-12.22. Visser, T. D. . (n.d. ). Nails: Clues to aBuilding's History. Available: http://www.uvm.edu/histpres/203/nails.html. Lastaccessed 27th Aug 2013.

636614 Andy Zhang NOTCH

Notch- A crosswise groove at the end ofa board.

How: there is a groove in the board orcolums for a easy conection When: theuse of a notch is for easy linkage ofdifferent parts in a structure Where: theyare used in all construction typesespecially in beams linkages and walls

Frank,2010, Home Building Manual,viewed on 1st of September 2013, <http://www.homebuildingmanual.com/Glossary.htm#N>

My Own Image

Keith H. Burgess, 2013, "A woodsrunnersDiary", webblogs post, May, Blogspost,viewed on 1st of september 2013, <http://woodsrunnersdiary.blogspot.com.au/2012/05/primitive-skills-figure-4-trigger-cage.html>

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

633976 Rae Huang OVERHANG

That part of the roof structure whichextends horizontally beyond the verticalplane of the exterior walls of a building

Also, another definition for overhangwhich is :Any horizontal projection thatserves as a shading element for awindow.

Andrew Rook, NJ Home Inspector Lic,2013, available:<http://www.rookinspections.com/glossary/glossaryo.shtml>

photo took in ormond college reception

GIBRALTAR AIRPORT BY 3DREID ANDBBLUR ARCHITECTUREt,21,1,2013,AAS Architecture,available;<http://www.aasarchitecture.com/2013/01/Gibraltar-Airport-3DReid-bblur-Architecture.html>

http://www.neo.ne.gov/statshtml/glossaryo.htm

630678 Qingning Chen OXIDATION

process or result of oxidizing or beingoxidized

Redox reactions are encountered inalmost all branches of science and manyphenomena couldbe explained using the concept of thisterm. It may be a simple electrolysis orrusting andcorrosion of metals (or the losing luster ofthe “metallic” portion of the “golden” frameof yourspectacles in contact with the saltysweats on face). It may be the problem ofextracting puremetal which is present as oxide in the ore.It may be environmental problems like therelease ofgases such as hydrogen sulfide andmethane or high concentrations of metalssuch as Mn and Feor non metals like arsenic and fluoride inwater that is being pumped from a deepwell. Myriadsof phenomena move around “redoxreactions”.


Some of the materials like metal can gooxidizing in air. It might affect the functionof the material. Picture taken in front ofDong McDonell

Conjecture Corporation 2003-2013, USA,viewed 25/08/2013, <https://www.google.com.au/search?q=oxidation+of+metal&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=dS4yUsyAI4mrkQXr0oCoDw&ved=0CEcQsAQ&biw=1598&bih=762&dpr=1#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=3Oiu0s4P5MhZ_M%3A%3B6OXgqVcPAgZcRM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fimages.wisegeek.com%252Frusty-metal-gears.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.wisegeek.com%252Fwhat-is-oxidation.htm%3B829%3B601>

Prof. Ranjit K. Verma 2006, UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, MagadhUniversity, 'INORGANIC CHEMISTRYOxidation and Reduction', pp.2

637 618 ElizabethHazlewood SCREW

Metal fasteners tapered designed to beput into material through turningpressure.

Screws are more durable than nails atholding materials together, a screw isstronger if it has more threads on it. Thereare different screw materials, sizes andhead shapes.

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc pg. 12.19

Screw used to attached door handle

Sentronix, Screw-Gypsum 7 x 2 1/2,accessed 25/08/2013, <http://sentronix.asia/beli/products.php?29>

Ching, F. D. K.. (2008). Notes onMaterials. In: Ching, F. D. K. BuildingConstruction Illustrated. 4th ed. Hoboken:John Wiley & Sons, Inc pg. 12.19

637247 James McDonagh STIFFENER

Stiffeners are secondary plates orsections which are attached to beamwebs or flanges to stiffen them againstout of plane deformations. They reducethe chance of a member buckling

Almost all main bridge beams will havestiffeners

http://www.steelconstruction.info/Stiffeners

The red circle shows the stiffeningelement.



556382 Jiayi Li WEB

Refer to a part of beam.The web resistsshear forces, while the flanges resistmost of the bending moment experiencedby the beam"

deflection: the stiffness of the I-beam willbe chosen to minimize deformationvibration: the stiffness and mass arechosen to prevent unacceptablevibrations, particularly in settings sensitiveto vibrations, such as offices and librariesbending failure by yielding: where thestress in the cross section exceeds theyield stressbending failure by lateral torsionalbuckling: where a flange in compressiontends to buckle sideways or the entirecross-section buckles torsionallybending failure by local buckling: wherethe flange or web is so slender as tobuckle locallylocal yield: caused by concentrated loads,such as at the beam's point of supportshear failure: where the web fails. Slenderwebs will fail by buckling, rippling in aphenomenon termed tension field action,but shear failure is also resisted by thestiffness of the flangesbuckling or yielding of components: forexample, of stiffeners used to providestability to the I-beam's web.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-beam

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-beam http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-beam

r STUDENT NAME TERM DEFINITION (include source) OWN IMAGE DOCUMENTED IMAGE (include source) EXAMPLES of how, where and whenused (include sources)

BOND

633976 Rae HUANG DIFFERENTIAL SETTLEMENT

the unequal settling of a building's piersor foundation that can result in damageto the structure. The damage occurswhen the foundation sinks in differentareas at different times.

Where: in my friend's house HOW: Thesettlement causes cracks in a structure'sfoundation, slab or supporting piers.WHEN: since the heavy furniture was putin the corner Where: Leaning Tower Of Pisa HOW: Theinclination of the tower is attributed to thenon-uniform,sponge-like saturated clay soil on whichthe foundation of the towerrests. The softer area within this stratahas settled more causing thetilt. When:The tower start “leaning” from1173 till now.

Michelle Cagle, Demand Media, Inc.,(1999-2013) http://www.ehow.com/facts_7592653_definition-differential-settlement.html

taken at friend's house

Alkarex Malin äger(19 May 2004)<http://kshitija.wordpress.com/2006/04/05/significance-of-geotechnical-engineering-part-i-differential-settlement/>.

638039 Yasmeen Hassan GROUT

A thin substance in the form of mortar orpaste used in construction for fillingcrevices, in particular gaps betweeninterior wall, ceiling or floor tiles.

Grout filling between bathroon tilesA bag of grout before it is mixed withwater to create a paste.

HowGrout is a paste that is available invarious colors; it is used to connectmaterials such as tiles together in order tocreate surfaces such as flooring. WhenGrout is used in construction, mainlywhen flooring interior surfaces that havesegmented parts such as tiles. Grout canbe concrete based. WhereGrouting is commonly practiced globallywith the purpose of filling a joint thatbecomes a permanent and integral part ofthe finished installation.

Oxford University Press. (2013). Grout1.Available: http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/grout. Lastaccessed 22 August 2013.

My own image

OzMosaics. (2013). Grout1. Available:http://www.ozmosaics.com.au/shop/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=94. Lastaccessed 22 August 2013.

Tile Store Online. (2013). GroutInformation. Available: http://www.tilestoreonline.com/Articles.asp?ID=137.Last accessed 22 August 2013.

613901 Yuanyuan Ye PAD FOOTING

A concrete pad footing is the simplestand cost effective footing used for thevertical support and the transfer ofbuilding loads to the ground.

Concrete pad footings are used tosupport light weight timber-framedhouses.

http://www.abis.com.au/footing

My own image. Case study of ERCbuilding. http://www.abis.com.au/footing.

http://www.abis.com.au/footing

Peter Martinich 637862 PIERS

Upright support used to support an abovesuperstructure, creating an opening orgap. Piers can take a range of shapesand are most commonly round or square.They differ from a column as columnshave round bases.

Supporting Arches, Bridges, Gates, St.Peter,s basillica, Arc De Triumphe, ArchBriges, Aqueducts

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pier, Merriam-WebsterEncyclopedia, Brittania Encyclopedia,London, 2012

Own image taken at government housegates, Melbourne www.bigfoto.com, K.C Manso (2010)

PROP

633995 Xin Chen REINFORCEMENT

Reinforcement consisting of steel bars,strands, or wires is required to absorbtensile, shearing and sometimes thecompressive stresses in a concretemember or structure.

Ching, F 2011, Building ConstructionIllustrated (fourth edition), JohnWiley&Sons, Canda.

RETAINING WALL

556382 Jiayi Li SOLDIER PILE

Soldier Piling is a form of groundretention used whenground conditions comprise of stiff soilsor clays, andit is not practical to drive light weightsheet piling inthe ground conditions that exist on site.Soldier Pilescan be used to support temporaryexcavations in claytype stratum or as a permanent wallsection

Soldier Piles can be a cost-effectivesolution to your retention requirements.Based on the soils report, Soldier Pilesare often the best alternative optionfor clay and low strength rock profiles,where light weight sheet piling wouldbe inefficient.

http://www.ausheet.com.au/products_services/pdf/ASP_soldierpiles.pdf

Image from week 7 site visithttp://constructionmanuals.tpub.com/14045/css/14045_250.htm

http://www.ausheet.com.au/products_services/pdf/ASP_soldierpiles.pdf

STRIP FOOTING

636614 Andy Zhang STUMPS

Definition: building stups are similar tothe stumpd of a tree whihc is thesupporting base of a building, buildingstumps are most seen in houses built onan uneven slope

How: Stumps are used to hold up thefloor frame, which in turn supports yourchosen flooring surface. where: Stumpflooring is ideal for houses that are onuneven or sloping land. When: this type offlooring technique came with theconstruction on different landscapes withdifferent tapography

Oxford University Press. (2013). Column.Sourse:< http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/stump> Lastvisited on 19th of August

Koppers Wood products (2013) <http://www.koppers.com.au/KW-Projects-and-Photo-Gallery/default.aspx> viewed on19th of August 2013

Home Building, Renovation & Repair(2013) <http://www.build.com.au/floors/types-floors/types-subfloor/stump-subfloor> viewed on 19thof August 2013

634 066 Edison Cheung SUB SURFACE DRAINAGE

Subsurface drainage systems arecommonly used in areas where soil willnot drain quickly on its own. Manyagricultural fields require suchsystems to prevent crop flooding andallow work to continue. Highwaysand other paved areas often requiresubsurface drainage as well, inorder to remove water that canaccumulate under the surface after heavyrains.

wisegeek 2013, Conjecture corporation,U.S.A. viewed 20 Aug 2013, <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-subsurface-drainage.htm>. FPO 2006. FreePatentsOnline.com, U.S.

A. viewed 20 Aug 2013, <http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7108454.html>.

637247 James McDonagh WAFFLE SLAB

A waffle slab is a two-way concrete slabreinforced by ribs in two directions.Waffle slabs are able to carry heavierloads and span longer distances than flatslabs.

Used as the foundation for structures.


http://www.wafflepodpeople.com.au/dc3l.jpg

http://paulandjody.wordpress.com/tag/waffle-pod/

637618 Elizabeth Hazlewoo WATER TABLE

Depth under the earth’s surface wherethe soil becomes saturated with waterthus forming the water table. The watertable sits above an aquifer, as it is theboundary of saturation point.

Water table levels vary at each locationand can be close to the surface or verydeep, they are also not always horizontaland tend to follow the topography of theland.

National Geographic Education-Encyclopedia Entry- Water Table,Accessed 20/08/2013 <http://education.nationalgeographic.com.au/education/encyclopedia/water-table/?ar_a=1>

Water tables don't necessarily sit flat,they can follow or be effected by thetopography of the land

The University of Rhode Island,Groundwater Movement and Protection,accessed 20/08/2013 <http://www.uri.edu/ce/wq/has/Private%20Wells/GROUNDWATER.htm>

National Geographic Education-Encyclopedia Entry- Water Table,Accessed 20/08/2013 <http://education.nationalgeographic.com.au/education/encyclopedia/water-table/?ar_a=1>

630678 Qingning Chen WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE

Waterproof or water-resistant describesobjects relatively unaffected by water orresisting the ingress of water underspecified conditions; make impervious towater

It is known in the waterproofing art tocombine a pre-formed waterproofingmembrane, such as a rubberized bitumenlayer, with a carrier support layer. Thecarrier support layer may comprise avariety of materials, such as rubber,plastic, and/or metal. It has also beendesirable to employ cross-laminatedplastic films, such as high densitypolyethylene, or felts or non-wovensheets as carrier supports for improvedstability of the membrane. Suchpreformed waterproofing membranelaminates are considered sheet-likebecause they are sufficiently flexible thatthey can be rolled up and transportedafter manufacture to the job site wherethey are unrolled and installed on thebuilding surface.


self image taken during site visit

www.FreeWebsiteDesign.cah 2013,viewed 22/08/2013, <http://affiliatedroofers.ca/services/waterproofing/epdm-waterproofing-membrane/>

2013 by StrutPatent.com., viewed22/08/2013, <http://www.strutpatent.com/patent/06235365/waterproofing-membrane-having-release-sheet-cutting-system>



637247 James McDonagh BEAM

Beams are rigid structures designed tocarry and transfer tranverse loads acrossspace to supporting elements (Ching, p2.14)

Figure of a beam with two supports ateach end of its span, supporting auniformly distributed load.

They are used in frequently in most builtstructures

Ching, FDK 2008, Building ConstructionIllustrated, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken,N.J., pp. 2.0 - 2.30.

Shows a concrete beam supported ontwo concrete columns at MelbourneUniversity

Ching, FDK 2008, Building ConstructionIllustrated, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken,N.J., pp. 2.0 - 2.30.

BOLT

633976 Rae HUANG BRACING

a system of braces used to strengthen orsupport.

HOW: Ties & rods used for supportingand strengthening various part of abuilding used for lateral stability forcolumns and beams.This internal wall frame has to be strongenough to carry the weight ofthe floor above it.Notice that it still hastemporary diagonal bracingin place, which was used to help keep theframe square while it wasbeing installed.

Collins Dictionary(2013), bracing.Available:http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/bracing

My own image, taken in Queen's College.

Timber Plus Toolbox,Assembling wallframes: Wall frame components,Commonwealth of Australia (2012),available:http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series13/13_05/toolbox13_05/unit7_assembling_wall_frames/section1_wall_frame_components/lesson1_your_job.htm

Timber Plus Toolbox,Assembling wallframes: Wall frame components,Commonwealth of Australia (2012),available:http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series13/13_05/toolbox13_05/unit7_assembling_wall_frames/section1_wall_frame_components/lesson1_your_job.htmEngineering-Dictionary.org, (2008)available:http://www.engineering-dictionary.org/NCRS-Construction-Dictionary/BRACING

638039 Yasmeen Hassan COLUMN

A column is a pillar commonly supportingan arch that is made up of a solid base, acylindrical shaft and solid capital at thetop connecting it to the rest of thebuilding.

The Acropolis, Athens

HowColumns can be used on the interior andexterior of buildings and are generallysupporting structures. WhereColumns feature in a range of differentstructures, from ancient buildings such asthe Greek Acropolis to modern residentialhouses such as my own to significantstructures such as the White House inWashington DC. WhenThe column structure dates back to 3000-1000BCE, supporting relatively smallbuildings during the Bronze Age. Moresophisticated columns were developed inthe Egyptian, Assyrian and Minoancivilizations. The column reached AncientGreece in the 8th to mid 7th centuriesthrough the use of temples, culminating inthe famous Acropolis. Columns are alsostill a common feature in modern daybuildings.

Oxford University Press. (2013). Column.Available: http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/column. Lastaccessed 10th August 2013.

My Own Image

Viator. (2013). Acropolis Walking Tour.Available: http://www.lonelyplanet.com/greece/athens/activities/walking-tours/acropolis-walking-tour. Lastaccessed 10 August 2013.

Oxford University Press. (2013). Column.Available: http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/column. Lastaccessed 10th August 2013. Cartwright, Mark. (2012). Column.Available: http://www.ancient.eu.com/column/. Last accessed 10 August2013

556382 Jiayi Li CROSS-SECTION

A section, or cross-section, is a view of a3-dimensional object from the position ofa plane through the object.A cross section is a common method ofdepicting the internal arrangement of a 3-dimensional object in two dimensions.

Cross section applies to all kinds of formwhich can be intuitive and fully expressthe internal structure. It is often used fordrawing profiles and details of all kinds ofbuilding form in structure.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiview_orthographic_projection#Cross-section

http://dutchfarmsurvey.org/teachers.html

FOOTING

637618 ElizabethHazlewood

JOIST

A material (typically wood, steel orconcrete) used to span between wall towall that make up a floor or ceiling.

They are usually prefabricated, as this isthe cheapest and easiest method andwood is the most common material used,however in commercial or heavier dutystructures steel and concrete are used.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons,p4.26-4.33

Joists run parallel to the bearer's

Build Right, Introduction (2013) <http://toolboxes.flexiblelearning.net.au/demosites/series10/10_01/content/bcgbc4010a/10_floor_systems/10_sub_floor_framing_floor_joists/page_001.htm>

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons,p4.26-4.33

630678 Qingning Chen LOAD BEARING WALL

If we fill in the plane defined by twocolumns and a beam, it becomes aloadbearing wall that acts as a long, thincolumn in transmitting compressive forceto the ground

If we fill in the plane defined by twocolumns and a beam, it becomes aloadbearing wall that acts as a long, thincolumn in transmitting compressive forceto the ground. load bearing wall are mosteffectice when carrying coplanar,uniformly distributed loads and mostvunerable to force perpendicular to theirplanes. For lateral stability, loadbearingwalls must rely on buttressing withpilasters, cross walls, transverse rigidframes, or horizontal slabs.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons, page2. 17

self-taken image in the church near onflinders st.

Bobvila 2013,viewed 8/16/2013, <https://www.google.com.au/search?q=load+bearing+wall&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=EEoNUuP1OoaBkQXJ0ICgCQ&ved=0CEkQsAQ&biw=1364&bih=659#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=oJyCWNudnS1ldM%3A%3B_wpo8oIFUZ9FYM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fs3.amazonaws.com%252Fwordpress_production%252Fblogs%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2012%252F10%252Floadbearingwalls.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.bobvila.com%252Farticles%252Fbob-vila-radio-load-bearing-walls%252F%3B495%3B354>

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons, page2. 17

PLANK

SAG

633995 Xin Chen SLAB

Slabs are half-blokes, it is a commonstructural element of modern buildings. Aslab is usually at or near ground level,although suspended slabs are also quitecommon.

Slabs can be as a crafting ingredient. Aconcrete slab may be prefabricated or insitu. Prefabricated concrete slabs are builtin a factory and transported to the site,ready to be lowered into place betweensteel or concrete beams.

http://www.minecraftwiki.net/wiki/Slabs#Usage

Designcrete 2011, Designcrete, WiltonNSW viewed 15th Augest 2013 <http://www.designcrete.com.au/residential-slabs.html>

613901 Yuanyuan Ye SPACING

Spacing is the distance between twoconstruction elements

The spacing between constructedelements depends on the types andmaterial.It should be considered in anyconstruction.

My own imagehttp://www.secrets-of-shed-building.com/shed-roof-construction.html

636614 Andy Zhang SPAN

A Span is an arch or part of a bridgebetween piers or supports

How: spans are the distance between twointermidiate supports of structures, a spancan be closed by a beam or rope, spansare most comenly seen in bridges andbeams. Where: Spans arefound in all basic infrastructures, asbeams rest on two supporting points ofeach end of a building When: Spans canbe dated back to acient greek architectureas a type of beam supporting 2 points

Oxford University Press. (2013). Column.Sourse:< http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/span> Last visitedon 13th of August

Condrenrails (2003), Mike Condren,source: <http://condrenrails.com/FSVB/Bridges/Frisco-Bridge.htm>viewed on 13th of August 2013

Oxford University Press. (2013). Column.Sourse:< http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/span> Last visitedon 13th of August

634066 Edison Cheung TRUSS

A truss is a structural frame based on thegeometric rigidity of the trangle andcomposed of linear members subjectonly to axial tension or compression.

Trusses are used in most bridges andbulildings

Ching, Frank. A Visual Dictionary ofArchitecture. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J.:Wiley, 2012. Satellite truss limited 2013, Satellite

Truss Limited, Canada, viewed 12 Aug2013, <http://www.satellitetruss.com/Common_Truss_Types.html>.

VENEER

637862 Peter Martinich WELD

Weld is a method of connecting Metalmembers together through heatingsurfaces to melting point and allowingthem to cool in connection. This can bedone through blow torch, arch or othermeans.

Joing of metal beams, trusses andcolums. Creating rigid frame joins

https://www.google.com.au/#bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&fp=bf71f573e477f022&q=Define:+Welds

Own Image commons.wikimedia.org



123456 Example Student EXAMPLE

something that you mention in order toshow the type of thing that you aretalking about and to help to explain whatyou mean'

Macmillan Dictionary 2013, MacmillanPublishers Limited, viewed 1 August2013, <http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/example>

Size image to fit within cell Moore. D, 1956, London, pole vault,photograph, Art Gallery NSW, viewed 1August 2013, <http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/226.1984/>

638039 Yasmeen Hassan ARCH

An arch is a structure that forms acurved, pointed or flat upper edge of anopen space that supports weight aboveit. Examples of arches can be found indoorways or bridges.

This photograph was taken by me and isof the front doorway of my house. Thearch is featured in the building structure,which is held by two pillars as well as thewindow above the door. The Colosseum in Rome

How it is usedAn arch is used to provide support andstructure to a building. Arches can beconstructed from concrete, brick andmore recently steel. Where it is usedThe arch is found in various locationsacross the globe infiltrating cultures suchas the early Mesopotamians, theEgyptians the Greeks and the Romans(The Riverlands, 2013).Egyptians have used arches for vaultsand tombs whilst Greeks and Romanshave used arches for practical purposesin buildings (The Riverlands, 2013). When it is usedThe arch structure dates back to ancienttimes, with Mesopotamian buildingsfeaturing brick arches in the secondcentury. However, this structure is stillwidely used today and up until the 19thcentury it was the only known method ofconstructing a roof without the use ofbeams (The Riverlands, 2013).

Oxford University Press. (2013). Arch.Available: http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/arch. Lastaccessed 7th August 2013.

My own photography

Hole, A. (2010). Going underground atthe Colosseum. Available: http://www.lonelyplanet.com/italy/rome/travel-tips-and-articles/70682. Last accessed 6August 2013.

The Riverlands. (2013). A Brief History ofthe Arch. Available: http://theriverlands.tripod.com/Writings/Arch/arch.html. Lastaccessed 6 August 2013.

613901 Yuanyuan Ye BUCKLING

Buckling is caused by a bifurcation in thesolution to the equations of staticequilibrium.

Buckling is a mathematical instability,leading to a failure mode. It ischaracterized by a sudden failure of astructural member subjected to highcompressive stress. For example, during earthquakes,reinforced concrete members mayexperience lateral deformation of thelongitudinal reinforcing bars. This mode offailure is also described as failure due toelastic instability.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling.

Buckled column http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling

BUTTRESS

CARBON FOOTPRINT

CROSS VENTILATION

556382 Jiayili DEFORMATION

when an object is changed temporarily(elastic deformation) or permanently(plastic deformation or fracture) due toapplied force

Deformation is the Glossary of BuildingTerms, SAA FIB 50 describes'deformation' as a change of shape of astructural member or structure, resultingfrom the applications of load(s). Inaddition to deflection, deformationincludes any plastic, non-recoverablemovement. Common symptomsassociated with deformation includesagging, springiness, buckling,unstableness or even collapse.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deformation

http://1024d.wordpress.com/tag/realtime-deformation/

2013 Australian Building InspectionServices. Website Design Brisbane.Friday 9 Aug, 2013 http://www.abis.com.au/deformation

637247 James McDonagh EMBODIED ENERGY

Embodied Energy is the sum of all theenergy required to produce any goods orservices, considered as if that energywas incorporated or 'embodied' in theproduct itself.

Can be taken into consideration whentalking about the sustainability of abuilding and its materials.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy

This diagram shows the relativeembodied energy of different buildingproducts. Source: http://www.yourhome.gov.au/technical/fs52.html

FIXED JOINT

LIFE CYCLE

LOAD PATH

Peter Martinich 637862 MASONRY

Masonry is a form of building with units ofvarious natural and/or manufacturedproducts, such as brick,stone,concreteand mortar as a bonding agent. It isbased on modulararrangementdistinguishing it from otherbuilding types. Unit masonry is structuallyeffective in compression but weak upontension.

Public works, governement buildings,residential buildings, exterior walls, loadbearing walls, parapet walls, retainingwalls and architectural features.


www.gcfurniture.co.uk, Accesed7/08/2013

http://www.cement.org/masonry/applications.asp

633976 RAE HUANG PIN JOINT

a pin joint is a solid cylinder-shapeddevice,used to bending object together.for example, like door hinge, or placingeither 1 or 2 unfixed objects together. Itable to rotate round. After 2 objects areconnected, it should hace a joint areaallows each object rotating around.

mechanical devices require bending orfastening use a pin joint.The door hingehas a pin connect with the door and doorjam, you can open it freely.[Pic 1] Thesolid pin connect 2 steel beams together.The degree of tightening can be adjustedby screwing. It can be used on scaffoldingsystem supplier. [PIC 2]

Troy Holmes, W. Everett, ConjectureCorporation, 2003-2013, What Is a PinJoint? <http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-pin-joint.htm>

My own photo, taken at tutorial room http://vunzooke.com/joint-fittings.html

630678 Qingning Chen RECYCLABILITY

a substance or object that can berecycled

Materials Can Be Recycled: Paper, Steel,Glass, Aluminum Cans, Foil, Plastic eco-friendly way for sustainable development


image of a pepsi can, sign for recycleESHI INTERNATIOAN PTE LTD 2013,Singapore,Eco friendly materials forsustainable buildings,viewed 16/8/2013,<https://www.google.com.au/search?q=recyclable+materials&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=-UINUoKkNcSikQWh74HgBQ&sqi=2&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1364&bih=705#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=sv268OIbueNS9M%3A%3BAogo_ZOM4ZZZbM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fecofriend.com%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2012%252F07%252Frecycled_materials_image_title_uh5dp.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.ecofriend.com%252Feco-friendly-materials-sustainable-buildings.html%3B600%3B374>

Benefits of Recycling 2013, Victoria,viewed 16/8/2013, <http://www.benefits-of-recycling.com/whatmaterialscanberecycled/>

637618 ElizabethHazlewood ROLLER JOINT

A joint that allows for rotationalmovement only. (Cannot move insideways directions)

They are less commonly used comparedto pinned or fixed joins. They are usedwhen a joint is required to respond toexpanding or contracting of a structure.

Francis D.K Ching, 2008, BuildingConstruction illustrated, 4th Edition, JohnWiley & Sons Nation States - NSG University

Determinency and Structural AnalysisForum <http://images.publicradio.org/content/2007/08/07/20070807_bearings2_33.jpg>


STABILITY

634066 Edison Cheung THERMAL MASS

Thermal mass is a term used to describethe abilityof building materials to storeheat (thermal storagecapacity). The basiccharacteristic of materials withthermalmass is their ability to absorb heat, storeit,and at a later time release it

Sustainable energy authority 2013, Infofact sheet - Thermal mass, Victoria,viewed 5 Aug 2013, <http://www.sustainability.vic.gov.au/resources/documents/thermal_mass.pdf>.

Sustainable energy authority 2013, Infofact sheet - Thermal mass, Victoria,viewed 5 Aug 2013, <http://www.sustainability.vic.gov.au/resources/documents/thermal_mass.pdf>.

T18 envs10003 studio glossary

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