T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.
-
Upload
erick-banks -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.
![Page 1: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE POLYMICROBIAL NATURE OF OTITIS MEDIA INFECTIONSMichael Dorrington
Bowdish Lab
![Page 2: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
MY INTEREST IN THE HUMAN MICROBIOME
Infectious disease models involving the upper respiratory tract
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Relationships among different bacterial species and how these affect colonization and infection as well as disease outcome
Development of intranasal vaccine strategies to prevent colonization of common pathogens
![Page 3: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
TOPICS OF DISCUSSION
Upper respiratory tract microbial communities and otitis media Laufer et al. “Microbial Communities of the Upper
Respiratory Tract and Otitis Media in Children” Feb 2011
The role of quorum signaling in establishing and maintaining infectious biofilms in otitis media infections Armbruster et al. “Indirect Pathogenicity of
Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in Polymicrobial Otitis Media Occurs via Interspecies Quorum Signaling” July 2010
![Page 4: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
OTITIS MEDIA
Inflammation of the middle ear From tympanic membrane
to the cochlea and including the eustachian tube
Caused by viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens S. pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis
More common in children <7 years old
http://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/images/master-ear.jpg
![Page 5: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
COLONIZATION OF URT INFECTION OF MIDDLE EAR
http://www.atlasaviation.com/medical/Ear.jpg
http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/dynamichuman2/content/gifs/0164.gif
![Page 6: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CHILDREN WITH OTITIS MEDIA
![Page 7: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
COLONIZATION VS. INFECTION
![Page 8: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
POLYMICROBIAL INFECTIONS
The majority of infectious diseases have more than one causative agent
Modulation of host responses Passive antibiotic resistance Quorum signaling
Otitis Media Haemophilus influenzae + Moraxella catarrhalis
![Page 10: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BIOFILMS
A complex community of microbes adhering to a surface that comes in regular contact with a fluid
Can be made up of numerous species of bacteria, fungi, and/or protazoa
Embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix
Normally very resistant to antibiotic treatment
![Page 11: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
QUORUM SIGNALING
Bacteria within a biofilm can communicate via signaling molecules Autoinducers
N-acyl homoserine lactones (Gram-negative) Oligopeptides (Gram-positive)
Signaling molecules can co-ordinate activities between and among different species
Signaling often based on threshold population densities
![Page 12: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BIOFILM FORMATION IN OTITIS MEDIA
![Page 13: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
PASSIVE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
![Page 14: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
luxS AI-2
![Page 15: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: T HE P OLYMICROBIAL N ATURE OF O TITIS M EDIA I NFECTIONS Michael Dorrington Bowdish Lab.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070415/56649efb5503460f94c0e14b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
THOUGHTS
The addition of a single pathogen can induce changes in resident populations of bateria as well as the host This can promote competition or synergism
among bacterial species Intranasal probiotics?
Upper respiratory tract infections are often polymicrobial in nature Important to gain further understanding of the
interactions between commensals and pathogens and how these affect disease outcome