Systems of Documentation

Systems of

Documentation

1. NOTE-BIBLIOGRAPHY SYSTEM

(Humanities System)

preferred by writers in literature, history

and the arts

PASSAGE: Gold is “as beautiful as ever but no

cure for what ails us.”1

1. NOTE-BIBLIOGRAPHY SYSTEM

(Humanities System)

1.1 NOTE (at the bottom of the page)1 Lora S. Collins, “An Assay of Gold.”

Across the Board, Jan. 5, 1982, 19

1.2 BIBLIOGRAPHY (at the end of the book or

report)

Collins, Lora S. “An Assay of Gold.” Across

the Board, Jan. 5, 1982, 19-20.

2. PARENTHETICAL REFERENCE

SYSTEM

used by researchers in the physical,

natural and social sciences.

NOTE: For the Engineering disciplines, no current

general style manual exists. Refer to the individual

journal guidelines to ensure acceptance of

submissions to the relevant journals.


SYSTEM

2.1 AUTHOR – NUMBER SYSTEM

2.11 In-Text Citation: author-number style

Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (1:19).

2.12 Reference-List Entry:

1. Collins, Lara S. “An Assay of Gold”. Across

the Board, 5 Jan, 1982: 19-20.


SYSTEM

2.2 MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION(MLA)

2.21 In-Text Citation: author-page style

Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins 19).

2.22 Works-Cited Entry:

Collins, Lara S. “An Assay of Gold”. Across

the Board 5 Jan, 1982: 19-20.


SYSTEM

2.3 AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL

ASSOCIATION (APA)

2.31 In-Text Citation: author-date style

Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins, 1982).


Collins, L. S. (1982, January 5). An assay of

gold. Across the Board, p. 19-20.


SYSTEM

2.4 CHICAGO MANUAL OF STYLE (CMS)

2.41 In-Text Citation: author-date style

Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins 1982, 19).


Collins, Lara S. 1982. An assay of gold. Across the

Board, January 5.


SYSTEM

2.5 MIT GRAD. SCHOOL STYLE SHEET

2.51 In-Text Citation: author-date style as APA

Gold is “as beautiful….. us” (Collins, 1982).


Collins, L. S. (1982). An assay of gold. Across the

Board, 19-20.


SYSTEM

NOTE: Consult STYLE MANUALS FOR

VARIOUS PROFESSIONS AND DISCIPLINES

and other handbooks on documentation

styles.

DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL

PAPERS from more than one JOURNAL

or SOURCE

DOCUMENTATION for TECHNICAL PAPERS from

more than one JOURNAL or SOURCE

(T: In-Text Citation, R: Reference-List Entry)

CMST: ..... especially water as it leaves the reaction

front (Chan et al. 1985, Di Blasi 1997).

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger. 1985. Modeling and experimental verification of physical and chemical processes during pyrolysis of a large biomass particle. Fuel 64: 1505-1513.

Di Blasi, C. 1997. Modeling and simulation of combustion process of charring and non-charring solid fuels. Progress Energy

and Combustion Science 19: 71-104.



APA

T: ... especially ......................... front (Chan et al., 1985,

Di Blasi, 1997).

R: Chan, W. C. R., Kelbon, M., & Krieger, B. B. (1985). Modeling and experimental verification of physical and chemical processes during pyrolysis of a large biomass particle. Fuel, 64, 1505-1513.

Di Blasi, C. (1997). Modeling and simulation of

combustion process of charring and non-charring solid fuels. Progress Energy and Combustion Science, 19, 71-104.



MLA

T: ... especially ......................... front (Chan et al. 1505-1513, Di Blasi 71-104).

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger. “Modeling and Experimental Verification of Physical and Chemical Processes during Pyrolysis of a Large Biomass Particle.” Fuel 64 (1985): 1505-1513.

Di Blasi, C. “Modeling and Simulation of Combustion Process of Charring and Non-Charring Solid Fuels.” Progress Energy and Combustion Science 19 (1997): 71-104.



MIT-GS

T: see APA author-date style.

R: Chan, W. C. R., M. Kelbon, and B. B. Krieger (1985).Modeling and experimental verification of physical and chemical processes during pyrolysis of a large biomass particle. Fuel, Volume 64, 1503-13.

Di Blasi, C. (1997). Modeling and simulation of combustion process of charring and non-charring solid fuels. Progress Energy and Combustion Science, Volume 19, 71-104.

Paraphrase sans Plagiarism


Plagiarism – is the use of another person’s

ideas or wording without giving

appropriate credit. This results from

inaccurate or incomplete attribution of

material in its source. Ideas and the

expression of ideas are considered to

belong to the individual who first puts

them forward.


The versions of the original passage that

follows demonstrate adequate and

inadequate paraphrasing.

Original

I have said that science is impossible

without faith. By this I do not mean that the

faith on which science depends is religious in

nature or involves the acceptance of any of

the dogmas of the ordinary religious creeds,

yet without faith that nature is subject to law

there can be no science. No amount of

demonstration can ever prove that nature is

subject to law.1

1 Norbert Wiener, The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society (New York: Avon,

1967), 262-63.

Plagiarism Science is impossible without faith that

nature is subject to law.(Borrowed wording without quotation marks.)

Faith makes science possible. This does not mean that science rests on religious faith or the acceptance of religious dogmas, but without faith that nature functions according to laws, science cannot exist.

(Imitated sentence structure.)

Correct Paraphrase

The belief that nature functions in

accordance with laws makes science

possible.

Science depends on faith, not religious

faith, but the faith that “nature is subject to

law.”

Systems of Documentation

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