SHREE GANPATI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering GZB.

_______________________________________Project Title: Design of wideband Microstrip Patch antenna.

Team members: Roll. No.

1. Mahendra kumar verma 09215310412. Amit pal 09215310103. Dushyant sharma 09215310304. Manvendra singh 0921531045

What is Antenna

An antenna (or aerial) is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio reciever.

Types of Antenna

1. Wire antenna1.1 Short dipole antenna1.2 Dipole antenna1.3 Half wave dipole antenna1.4 Broad band dipole antenna1.5 Monopole antenna1.6 Folded dipole antenna1.7 Small loop antenn

2. Microstrip patch antenna2.1 rectangular patch antenna2.2 Planner inverted F-antenna

3. Reflector Antenna3.1 Corner reflector3.2 Parabolic Reflector (dish antenna

4. travelling wave antennas4.1 Helical antennas4.2 spiral antenna4.3 Yagi-Uda antenna

5. Aperture antenna5.1 Slot antenna

5.2 Cavity backed slot antenna5.3 Horn Antenna5.4 Slotted Wave guide antenna

Microstrip Patch Antenna

A patch antenna (also known as a rectangular microstrip antenna) is a type of radio antenna with a low profile, which can be mounted on a flat surface. It consists of a flat rectangular sheet or "patch" of metal, mounted over a larger sheet of metal called a ground plane. The assembly is usually contained inside a plastic randome which protects the antenna structure from damage.

Advantages of Microstrip Patch Antennas

1. Light weight and Smaller size.2. Lesser volume.3. In view of their conformal structure of low profile planner configuration they can be easily

modeled to any desired shape and hence can be attached to any surface.4. Their fabrication process are simple, production is easy, and the fabrication cost is low, and thus

they can be manufactured in large quantities.5. These can support linear as well as circular polarization and are capable of dual and tripple

frequency operations.6. They are mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces.7. With the microstrip antennas it is easy to form large arrays with half wavelength or lesser

spacing.

limitations of Microstrip patch antenna

Microstrip antenna suffer from a number of disadvantages as compared to convensional antennas.

1. These are low bandwidth,low efficiency and low gain antennas with low power handlind capacity.2. Design complexity enhanced due to theirv smaller size. An effort to improve their

bandwidth,which is usually limited to 1 to 5% result in additional complexity.3. These antennas also suffer from the effect of radiation from feeds and junctions.4. Excitation of surface waves.

Applications of microstrip antennas

Application Frequency

1. Automatic toll collection 905 MHz and 5-6 GHz2. Cellular phone 824-849MHz and 869-895 MHz3. Cellular video 28GHz4. Collision avoidence redar 60GHz, 77GHz,and 94GHz5. Direct broadcast satellite 11.7-12.5GHz6. Global positioning satellite 1575MHz and1227 MHz7. GSM 890-915Mhzand 935-960 MHz8. Paging 931-932 MHz

9. Personal communication system 1.85-1.99GHz and 2.18-2.20 GHz10. Wide area computer network 60 GHz11. Wireless local area network 2.40-2.48 GHz and 5.4GHz

Parameters of Microstrip Patch antenna1. Radiation pattern2. Beamwidth3. Gain4. Bandwidth5. Quality factor6. Efficiency7. Polarization8. Return loss