Sx Bot Mi Theo Pp Kho

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Thit k nh my sn xut bt

LI NI UX hi ngy cng pht trin i sng con ngi ngy cng c ci thin, i cng vi xu th nhu cu s dng cc sn phm ca con ngi ngy cng c nng cao. Trong lng thc gi vai tr rt quan trng, y l ngun cung cp nng lng ch yu trong khu phn n hng ngy v cng khng th thiu trong cc ngnh sn xut cng nghip. Trong s cc loi cy lng thc cng vi ng v la go th la m l cy thuc h ho tho thuc vo loi c sn lng cao nht, c trng nhiu ni trn th gii, tp trung ch yu cc vng c kh hu n i, a kh hu m kh, cn t ai mu m v kh nng chu lnh tt nn chng c mt nhiu nc nh Trung Quc, n , M, Nga, Php, CanadaTrong cc sn phm ch bin t la m th bt m l sn phm c gi tr s dng cao v c dng rt ph bin. Vi c tnh ni bt, bt m c hm lng gluten cao m cc loi bt khc khng c c, v vy bt m l nguyn liu chnh v khng th thay th trong cng ngh sn xut bnh m, bnh ko, cc loi m n lin Vit Nam l nc khng trng c la m do vy vic nhp khu bt m t nc ngoi v s c gi thnh cao hn bt m sn xut trong nc. Hn na, qu trnh vn chuyn v bo qun gp nhiu kh khn. V vy, p ng nhu cu s dng bt m ngy cng tng ng thi ch ng c ngun nguyn liu th vic thit k nh my sn xut bt m trong nc l rt cn thit. Khu vc Min Trung v Ty Nguyn hin nay c rt t cc nh my sn xut bt m (nh my bt m Nng, Qung Nam v Ngh An), nng sut cha p ng c vi nhu cu s dng thc t. V vy vic xy dng thm mt nh my ti khu vc ny l rt cn thit, va p ng nhu cu v bt m va gp phn to vic lm cho ngi lao ng v tng thm ngn sch... Xut pht t s thit yu ny ti c giao nhim v Thit k nh my sn xut bt m theo phng php kh cho n cng ngh ca mnh.

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN1.1. Tng quan v nguyn liu 1.1.1. Gii thiu v cy la m La m c ngun gc t Ty Nam . Vic trng trt la m bt u lan rng ra ngoi khu vc. Vo khong nm 300 TCN, la m xut hin ti Ethiopia, n , Ireland v Ty Ban Nha. Khong mt thin nin k sau n ti Trung Quc. Ngy nay la m c trng nhiu ni v l ngun lng thc chnh ca nhiu quc gia trn th gii. Sn lng la m hng nm khong trn 550 triu tn, chim 28% sn lng lng thc. Trung Quc ng u th gii v sn lng la m, tip theo l n , Hoa K, Nga, Php, Ca-na-a, Austraylia... 1.1.2. Phn loi la m [8, tr 43]. La m rt a dng v phong ph, khong 20 dng. Chng khc nhau v cu to bng, hoa, ht v mt s c tnh khc. Phn ln l la m di, ch mt s loi thuc la m c nghin cu k nh: la m mm, la m cng, la m Anh, m Ba Lan, la m ln. Loi c trng ph bin nht l la m mm v la m cng. - La m mm (Triticum vulgare) L loi c trng nhiu nht, c loi c ru c loi khng ru, ru ca la m mm khng hon ton xui theo bng m hi ria ra xung quanh bng. Ht bu dc, mu trng ng i khi hi . Ni nh na trng trong nhng c loi trng trong hon ton hoc c hon ton. La m cng (Triticum durum) La m cng c bng dy ht hn, hu ht chng u c ru, ru di v ngc ln dc theo trc ca bng. Ht ca la m cng di, mu vng i khi hi . Ni nh trng trong, trng trong thng khong 95 100%. - La m Anh (Triticum turgidum) Cu to bng gn ging la m cng, bng dy ht. Khi ct ngang bng c hnh trn hay bn cnh, ht hnh hi elip. Ni nh na trng trong hay c hon ton. - La m Balan (Triticum polonicum) Bng di v hi dt, c ru. Ht di, dt, mu h phch hay vng xm, ni nh na trng trong.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- La m ln (Triticum compactum) Bng ngn, c loi c ru, c loi khng. Tnh cht gn ging la m mm, nhng ht nh, cht lng bt v bnh km hn do loi ny t trng. Vit Nam bt m thng c sn xut t ht la m thng thng c tn l Triticum aestivum L. Thn cy cao khong 1,2 m mc thng ng, l n, c ru di 6-8 cm. Ht c mu xanh sng, dng hnh trng. 1.1.3. Cu to v tnh cht ht la m [8, tr 44]. Khc vi cc ht ha tho khc, la m c phn lng v phn bng, pha lng l phng v c phi cn pha bng c rnh lm vo dc theo ht cho nn khi xc nh kch thc ngi ta o chiu di, chiu rng v chiu dy ca ht. l - Chiu di. a - Chiu rng. b - Chiu dy.lV qu

V ht AlrngNi nh

Pha bng

a Pha lng b

Hnh 1.1-b. Ct ngang ht la m Cc loi la m khc nhau th c hnh dng, kch thc, cu to bn trong v thnh phn ha hc khc nhau, nhng ch yu gm 4 phn chnh l v, lp alrng, ni nh v phi. Bng 1.1. T l khi lng tng phn ca ht la m (%) Cc phn ca ht Ni nh Lp alrng V qu v v ht Phi Cc tiu 78,33 3,25 8,08 2,22 Cc i 83,69 9,48 10,80 4,00 Trung bnh 81,60 6,54 8,72 3,14

Hnh 1.1-a. Ht la m

a) V L lp bo v cho phi v ni nh khi tc ng bn ngoi. Thnh phn chnh ca n l xenluloza (18 22%), hemixenluloza v pentozan (43 45%), hp cht


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nit (4,5 4,8%), tro (3,5 5%). V khng c gi tr dinh dng v nh hng xu n cht lng bt m nn trong qu trnh ch bin tch ra c cng nhiu cng tt. - V qu: gm nhiu lp t bo, chim 4 6% khi lng ton ht. Lp v qu ca ht la m mng, khng c chc nh v tru ca thc nn trong qu trnh tc ng vt l s d dng tch ra. - V ht: nm pha trong v qu, chim 2 2,5% khi lng ton ht, gm 2 lp t bo, lp ngoi l nhng t bo xp kht nhau cha cc cht mu, cn lp trong l nhng t bo khng mu t thm nc, v ht bn v dai nu dng lc xay xt kh th kh bc c lp v ny do trong sn xut bt m ngi ta thng gia m v m tch ra. V ht khng c gi tr dinh dng, nh hng xu n cht lng ca bt m v cc sn phm do c cha sc t. b) Lp alrng Lp ny nm pha trong lp v, cu to t mt hng t bo ln, thnh dy cha protein, cht bo, ng, xenlulo, tro v cc vitamin B1, B2, PP. Cc t bo trong lp alrng cng gn phi th kch thc cng nh dn. Chiu dy lp alorong ph thuc vo ging ht v iu kin canh tc. c) Ni nh Ni nh la m chim 77 - 82% khi lng ton ht, l phn ch yu sn xut ra bt m. Ni nh c cu to t cc t bo ln c thnh rt mng, cha y tinh bt v cc th protein. Ty thuc vo mc cha y protein ca t bo, mc lin kt ca protein vi cc ht tinh bt cng nh kch thc v hnh dng ca tinh bt m ni nh c th trng trong, trng c hoc trng trong tng phn. trng trong l mt trong cc ch s cht lng quan trng ca la m. Nu loi c trng trong cao th ni nh t, cng, kh nghin nhng cht lng bt cao, lm bnh tt. Gn nh tt c tinh bt ca ht u tp trung ni nh (78 82%), ngoi ra cn c ng sacaroza (2%), ng kh (0,1 0,3%), protein (13 15%), tro (0,3 0,5%), cht bo (0,5 0,8%), xelluloza (0,07 0,12%). Bt m tch t ni nh th trng p. Bt tch t ni nh v mt phn t lp alrng th c mu trng ng, c nhiu cht dinh dng nhng kh bo qun. d) Phi Phi chim 3,24% khi lng ton ht, cha nhiu cht dinh dng nh protein (35%), cc gluxit ha tan (25%), cht bo (15%). Phn ln lng sinh t v enzim u tp trung y.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Phi cch ni nh bi lp ng, lp ng c cu to t nhng t bo c kh nng cho thm thu cc cht ha tan. Lp ng rt quan trng v cc cht dinh dng t ni nh sang phi phi qua y. 1.1.4. Thnh phn ha hc ca ht la m [8, tr 4550] Thnh phn ha hc trung bnh ca la m theo % nh sau: - Nc : 14 15 - Prtein : 13 15 - Cht bo : 2,3 2,8 - Tinh bt : 65 68 - Xelluloza : 2,5 3,0 - Pentoza :89 - Tro : 1,8 2 Ngoi ra trong la m cn c mt lng dextrin, mui khong, vitamin, cht men v mt s cht khc. Cc cht ny phn b khng u trong tng phn ca ht. S phn b cc cht trong ht la m c th hin qua bng sau: Bng 1.2. S phn b cc cht trong ht la m (xem mi cht trong ht l 100%) Cc phn ca ht Ht Ni nh V v alrng Phi Protein 100 65 27 8 Tinh bt 100 100 Cht bo 100 25 55 20 ng 100 65 15 20 Xelluloza Pentoza 100 5 90 5 100 28 68 4 Tro 100 20 70 10

1.1.4.1. Protein Hm lng protein ca la m dao ng trong khong kh ln t 9,6 25,8%. Ngoi protein cn c mt lng nit phi protein chim khong 0,0330,061%. Protein la m gm albumin, globulin, gliadin v glutenin, trong ch yu l gliadin v glutenin. Hai protein ny chim khong 70 - 85% tng lng protein ca la m. Chng khng ha tan trong nc nhng c kh nng ht nc, trng n to thnh mt khi do n hi gi l gluten. i vi la m bnh thng th lng gluten ti chim khong 20 25% khi lng ht. Cht lng gluten c th hin qua cc ch s nh: mu sc, kh nng ht nc, n hi v cng t, bn ban u v s thay i th tch khi nng. + Mu sc: Gluten tt c mu sng hoc hi vng, gluten xu th mu xm.


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+ Kh nng ht nc ca gluten: gluten tt c kh nng ht nc cao. Thng gluten ti cha 6575% nc hay kh nng ht nc ca gluten kh l 190 200%. + n hi: N biu hin kh nng gi kh ca bt. + cng t: Cng c trng cho kh nng gi kh ca bt. c xc nh bng di ko t ca 2,5g gluten ti trc thc k ly. cng t trung bnh vo khong 15cm v c th di hn. + S thay i th tch gluten khi nng: L ch s quan trng c trng n ca gluten. nh gi cht lng protein ca la m khng nhng ch ti hm lng v cht lng gluten m cn phi ch ti thnh phn aminoaxit ca protein na. Thnh phn protein ca la m c khong 20 aminoaxit. Trong nhiu hn c l leusin, phenyl alamin, chng tp trung ch yu ni nh. Trong phi nhiu lizin. 1.1.4.2. Gluxit Trong thnh phn ca la m c nhiu gluxit, trong tinh bt chim 47 73%, ngoi ra cn c lng ng kh t 0,11 0,37%, sacaroza 1,93 3,67% v maltoza 0,93 2,63%. Gluxit keo: l cc pentozan ha tan, ch yu cha trong ni nh ca ht. Gluxit keo c tnh ho nc cao, khi trng n trong nc cc gluxit keo to thnh dch keo c nh hng ln n tnh cht l hc ca bt nho. 1.1.4.3. Cht tro Trong la m c mt lng nh cht tro. N phn b khng u trong tng phn ca ht, ch yu l P, Ca v Mg. Phn ln cht tro tp trung v v phi. 1.1.4.4. Cht bo Ht la m c mt lng nh cht bo, n phn b khng u trong tng phn ca ht. S phn b cht bo trong ht ch yu tp trung phi v cm cn ni nh rt t. Thnh phn cht bo ca la m bao gm axit bo no v khng no nh axit panmitic, xtearic, oleic, linolic, linolelic 1.1.4.5. Vitamin Trong la m c mt lng vitamin gm vitamin A, nhm B, H, E, K v mt vi loi khc. Vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, E ch yu tp trung phi ht v vy thng dng cm m sn xut cc vitamin ny, thng sn xut ra vitamin E. Ni nh c t vitamin. 1.1.4.6. Cc enzym


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y l nhng protit c tnh xc tc, trong thi k chn ca ht cc enzym tham gia vo qu trnh tng hp cc cht phc tp, cn trong thi gian bo qun ht th cc enzym li xc tc s phn hy cc cht phc tp thnh cc cht n gin. Cc enzym ch yu trong la m nh: Enzym thy phn: , -amylaza, proteaza, lipaza, Cc enzym oxy ha kh, lipoxydaza, phitaza 1.1.5. Tnh cht cng ngh v yu cu k thut ca ht la m 1.1.5.1. Tnh cht cng ngh ca ht la m [8, tr 9]. Tnh cht cng ngh ca ht la m bt u t c im v ging, sau l cc tnh cht vt l ca khi ht nh dung trng, c im hnh hc, sch, m. T l ly bt cng nh hng n cht lng ca bt nh nh hng n tiu ha. Trong sn xut bt m ta phi xc nh c cc thng s sau: a) tro ca ht tro ca ht l mt yu t rt quan trng v n nh hng n tro ca bt v bn thnh phm. Bt thng hng th tro nh hn 0,55%. b) trng trong ca ht trng trong ca ht dao ng trong khong 10 100%. Ht trng trong c cu to chc v cng hn, cho ra bt c hm lng protein cao nhng tiu hao nng lng khi nghin l ln hn ht c. c) Tnh cht bt ca ht Tnh cht bt c trng bng hm lng ni nh, hiu sut v cht lng ca cc sn phm trung gian cng nh ca bt trong qu trnh nghin th (nghin v) v qu trnh nghin mn (nghin li). Cc ch s chnh dng nh gi tnh cht bt ca ht gm: - S lng tm, v v hm lng tro ca chng. - Hiu sut v cht lng ca bt thng hng 4 -5 h nghin u. - Hiu sut chung ca bt v cht lng bt. - Mc xt v (xc nh bng hm lng tinh bt trong cm). - Tiu hao nng lng cho mt tn bt thnh phm. 1.1.5.2. Yu cu k thut i vi ht la m [15]. a) Nhng c tnh chung, v tnh cht cm quan Ht la m phi c dn, sch, khng c mi v l hay mi chng t ht b h hng, ht khng c cht ph gia hay cht c hi.


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D lng thuc bo v thc vt khng vt qu mc ti a cho php, khng c cn trng sng. b) Nhng c tnh l ha - m nh hn 15,5% - Dung trng (khi lng ca 100 lt ht) ln hn 70 kg/100 lt. - Ht la m h hng do cc nguyn nhn khc nhau < 15% tng khi lng. 1.1.6. Cc hot tnh sinh l ca khi ht trong qu trnh bo qun Mc d ht tch khi cy, khi bo qun trong kho n khng quang hp na nhng n vn l vt th sng v nhng hot ng sinh l vn tip tc din ra, nhng hot ng sinh l gm: qu trnh h hp, qu trnh chn sau thu hoch, s ny mm, hin tng t bc nng, s dnh ca khi ht xy ra trong qu trnh bo qun. 1.1.6.1. Qu trnh h hp Ty theo lng oxi m c th l h hp hiu kh hoc ym kh. Nu khong khng trong khi ht c t l oxy chim khong th ht c th tin hnh h hp hiu kh. Phng trnh tng qut ca qu trnh h hp hiu kh: C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + 674 Kcal Nu khi ht b bt kn hon ton hoc b nn cht, th t l oxy trong khong khng gian xung quanh khi ht s gim xung di , trong khi ht ngoi h hp hiu kh s xy ra c hin tng h hp ym kh. Phng trnh tng qut nh sau: C6H12O6 = 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH + 28 Kcal Cho d l h hp hiu kh hay ym kh cng c s tn hao cht kh v to ra kh CO2 (khong 12 15%), iu ny l khng mong mun trong bo qun. i vi h hp hiu kh th qu trnh h hp to ra nc lm tng m ca khi ht dn n khi ht d b tn cng bi vi sinh vt. Kt qu ca qu trnh h hp - Lm hao ht cht kh ca ht. - Lm tng thy phn ca hat v m tng i khng kh xung quanh ht. - Tng nhit ca khi ht dn n hin tng t bc nng. - Lm thay i thnh phn ca khng kh trong khi ht. 1.1.6.2. Qu trnh chn sau thu hoch Vic chn sau thu hoch ht din ra u thi k bo qun v ban u c ht cha chn hon ton. Thc cht qu trnh chn sau thu hoch l qu trnh sinh ha xy ra trong t bo v m ht. Qu trnh ny lm gim cc cht hu c ha tan trong nc ca ht v lm tng thm lng dinh dng ca ht (nh lng axit amin gim GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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tng lng protit, lng ng gim tng lng tinh bt). Hot lc enzim gim dn v cng h hp cng gim. Thi gian chn sau thu hoch ph thuc vo mc chn ca ht khi thu hoch, nhit , m khng kh Lng hi nc v nhit sinh ra tng i ln lm cho ht nng m, thc y cc qu trnh h hng d xy ra. Tm li, qu trnh chn sau thu hoch l qu trnh c li v cht lng ca ht c hon thin, nng lc sng ca ht mnh m hn, bo qun s an ton hn. 1.1.6.3. Qu trnh ny mm Hin tng ny mm xy ra nu ta bo qun trong iu kin khng tt bi v ht mun mc mm cn c 3 iu kin: m thch hp (>30%), oxi v mt lng nhit ti thiu cn thit. Hin tng ny mm lm ht h hp rt mnh nn lng cht kh gim i nhiu v lng nhit do ht thi ra ln lm tng nhit khi ht v hot ng sng ca khi ht. Mt khc, khi ht ny mm, trong ht xy ra s bin i su sc v thnh phn ha hc lm cht lng ca ht b gim st. 1.1.6.4. Qu trnh t bc nng Trong qu trnh bo qun th cc vt th sng trong khi ht (ht, VSV, su mt) s h hp mnh to ra mt lng nhit rt ln. V do ht dn nhit km nn nhit khi ht tng cao kt qu lm thay i cc ch s cm quan, thay i cht lng ca ht v cht lng ging Qu trnh gi l hin tng t bc nng ca khi ht. 1.1.6.5. S dnh ca khi ht Hin tng mt tng phn hay ton b ri ca khi ht gi l s dnh ca khi ht. Khi ht b dnh do cc nguyn nhn sau: - Do p sut khi ht trong xilo, c bit l cc xilo c ng knh ln, cao. - Dnh do lm lnh qu mc. - Dnh do b bc nng. - Dnh do cc nguyn nhn khc nh hot ng ca vi sinh vt. S dnh ca khi ht trong bo qun l mt hin tng khng mong mun. Do , trong bo qun ht cn tm cch ngn chn cc ht khng b dnh vi nhau. 1.2. Cc phng php bo qun ht bo qun ht mt cch hiu qu (gim mt mt v khi lng, bo m v cht lng v gim chi ph lao ng thp nht cho mt n v bo qun) cn phi nm


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r tnh cht, tnh trng ca mi khi ht khi em vo bo qun, v nh hng ca mi trng xung quanh n khi hat. a) Bo qun ht trng thi kh C s chung: da vo kh nng hot ha sinh l thp ca nhiu cu t trong ht khi lng nc trong khi ht thp. Khi m ca ht nh hn m ti hn th cc qu trnh trong ht xy ra khng ng k. V vy ngi ta thng bo qun W < Wti hn (13 14%) bng cc phng php sy hoc phi. b) Bo qun ht trng thi thiu khng kh C s chung: thiu oxi cng h hp ca ht gim, ht chuyn sang h hp ym kh v gim dn hot ng sng. Vi sinh vt trong khi ht phn ln thuc loi a kh nn khi khng c oxi th coi nh hot ng sng ca vi sinh vt b nh ch. Thiu oxi th d dng loi b s pht trin ca su b. C 3 phng php to mi trng thiu oxy: - Tch ly CO2 v mt O2 do s h hp ca cc c th sng trong khi ht. - a vo khi ht nhng cht kh khc y khng kh ra khi khi ht. - To chn khng cho khi ht. c) Bo qun ht trng thi lnh C s chung: da trn s nhy cm ca tt c cc cu t sng trong khi ht vi nhit thp. Ngi ta thc hin vic lm lnh bng cch thng gi, co o khi ht Vi c im la m nhp v vi s lng ln v t m bo qun nn ti quyt nh bo qun ht trnh thi kh. ng thi thng xuyn kim tra s xm nhp ca VSV, cn trng c bin php phng chng kp thi. 1.3. Mt s ch tiu v bt m [ 9, tr 55] Cht lng bt m thnh phm phi t c nhng yu cu sau: Ch tiu cm quan: - Trng thi b mt: bt mn, u ht - Mu sc: trng ng n ng vng - Mi: khng c mi hi, mc v cc mi khc l - V: v bnh thng khng c v ng hoc v chua - Tp cht: khng c tp cht nhn thy bng mt thng v khi nhai khng c cm gic sn Ch tiu ha l: - m 13.5%GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- tro 1% - axit 2% (% tnh bng ml NaOH 0.1N) - Gluten th, t 28% khi lng. 1.4. Gii thiu mt s dy chuyn sn xut bt m Trong thc t sn xut mi nh my c mt quy trnh ch bin khc nhau, nhng cc cng on c bn th ging nhau nh cc cng on nghin, phn loi hn hp nghin ty vo iu kin ca nh my, phng php sn xut m c thm bt mt s cng on nhng vn m bo gi nguyn nhng cng on c bn. Sau y l cc quy trnh sn xut bt m ca mt s nh my. a) Quy trnh nh my bt m Vit : Nguyn liu H thng tip nhn nguyn liu Nam chm 1 Cn Sng tp cht xilo cha Lu lng k Nam chm 2 Cn Sng tp cht, my tch sn Lu lng k Gia m v m ln 1 Gia m v m ln 2 My xt v Nhn ht Cn Nam chm 3 My xay kp Sng My xay n Sng Bt mn Cn Xilo cha X l tp cht Xilo ng bao Bo qun v tiu th sn phm. u im: Nguyn liu qua 2 ln gia m v m nn lng v tch ra c hon ton, cht lng bt tng i tt. Nhc im: Quy trnh cng ngh di v phc tp. b) Quy trnh sn xut bt m tham kho Nguyn liu H thng tip nhn, kim tra, phn loi v bo qun nguyn liu My tch , tp cht ln v mn My tch tp cht bi bng khng kh My chn ht My xt v Tch kim loi bng nam chm B cha gia m c cnh khuy Xilo gia nhit Phu cha hn hp nghin Nghin th (trc c rng) Sng v phn loi sau nghin Bt th Nghin mn (trc nhn) Sng v phn loi hn hp sau nghin Bt mn Ty mu Lm giu bt (b sung thiamin, niacin, riboflavin,) ng bao, bo qun. u im: Quy trnh cng ngh n gin hn, s lng my mc thit b t. Nhc im: Quy trnh cn s si, y qu trnh xt v kh nn lng v la c th tch ra khng c hon ton. Sn xut ra bt m nhng cht lng khng cao. Nhn chung, hai quy trnh sn xut bt m ny u c cc cng on chnh c bn ging nhau. u gm 3 cng on sau: - Chun b ht trc khi nghin.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- Cng on nghin v phn loi sn phm nghin. - Cng on kim tra cht lng v bo qun thnh phm.

CHNG 2. CHN V THUYT MINH DY CHUYN SN XUT

2.1. Chn dy chuyn sn xutLa m khc vi la go l la go c lp v tru dy, lc lin kt gia v vi ni nh b nn qu trnh lm sch ht la go rt d dng. Cn la m c lp v mng lc lin kt vi ni nh ln, ng thi ht la m c pha lng v pha bng, pha bng lm, nn vic lm sch b mt ht gp nhiu kh khn. Nu khng lm sch tt s lm gim cht lng ca bt m thnh phm. Cc tp cht c trong nguyn liu nh hng rt ln n cht lng bt thnh phm, vic lm sch nguyn liu ban u c ngha quan trng trong vic la chn dy chuyn sn xut. Da vo cc bin php lm sch ht khc nhau ngi ta a ra dy chuyn sn xut tng ng, hin nay i vi sn xut bt m c 2 phng php lm sch. + Lm sch bng phng php kh. + Lm sch bng phng php t. 2.1.1. Lm sch ht bng phng php kh - Nguyn tc: Da vo s ma st gia cc ht vi nhau, gia ht v thit b lm sch. Mc lm sch ph thuc vo c tnh b mt ca thit b ( nhm, kim bn chi) - u im ca phng php: n gin, d thc hin, lm gim c tro ca bt, t my mc, dy chuyn sn sut n gin. Tuy nhin, do khng qua cng on lm m nn khi c tc dng ca b mt nhm khng nhng lm tut mt phn v, ru, phi m cn bc i tng mng alrng, lp ngoi, v mt phn ni nh, ch cc phn t bi, vi sinh vt s bm vo, do s nh hng ti cht lng bt, hiu sut thu hi bt. Mt khc, khi qua thit b c v t l ht gy tng mnh, nhng mnh ht gy rt d b nhim vi sinh vt, bi bm vo nn b loi b lm cho t l thu hi bt b gim xung.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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2.1.2. Lm sch bng phng php t - Nguyn tc: Nhng ht vo trong nc ra trong mt thi gian nht nh. Cng ra ph thuc vo thi gian ht nm trong b, nhit nc, lng nc tiu hao. - u im ca phng php: Lm sch ht c hiu qu hn phng php kh, ra sch c cc phn t khong, vi sinh vt trn b mt v ngay c trong cc rnh lm ca ht, iu m phng php kh khng lm c. Tp cht nh trong qu trnh ra cng c tch ra, ngoi ra n cn lm cho ht c m tng ln, v ht dai hn thun li cho cc qu trnh tip theo. Tm li, ch bin ht s b bng phng php t khng nhng lm b mt ngoi ht sch hn m cn lm thay i nhng tnh cht vt l ca ht, c tc dng nng cao hiu sut nghin ht. Kt lun: Mc d phng php t c nhiu u im nhng do qui trnh cng ngh phc tp, lng nc s dng nhiu phi tn thi gian v chi ph x l nc nn hin nay, cc nh my bt m hin i u hu ht s dng phng php kh. Vi cc thit b cng ngh hin i nn vn p ng tt yu cu lm sch b mt ht. V vy, ti quyt nh s dng phng php kh trong thit k. S :Nguyn liu la m

H thng tip nhn Nam chm 1

Cn

Lm sch ln 1

Tp cht

Xilo cha

Lu lng k


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Cn

Lm sch ln 2

Tp cht

Lu lng k

Nc

Gia v m ln 1

Nc

Gia v m ln 2

My xt v

V

Nhn ht

Cn H nghin th 1 5Cm

Cn My nghin ba Xilo cm ng bao cmCm

Ry phn loi H nghin mn 1 5 Ry phn loi Bt mn


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Dit trng su Xilo cha ng bao, thnh phm 2.2. Thuyt minh dy chuyn sn xut 2.2.1. H thng tip nhn nguyn liu v lm sch s b Nguyn liu i t kho c h thng gu ti, vt ti a n h thng nam chm. Ti y, mt phn cc mnh kim loi c ln trong nguyn liu c gi li trc khi qua cn nh lng. Sau , nguyn liu qua my sng tp cht v knh ht kh loi b cc tp cht nh nh rm r, cc tp cht nng nh t, , si, tp cht nh. Sau , nh h thng gu ti, vt ti a nguyn liu vo xil cha. 2.2.2. H thng lm sch ln 1 La sau khi lm sch s b c ly qua lu lng k ng vi mi xil. Cc lu lng k ny c chc nng trn cc loi la vi nhau theo mt t l ph hp. La sau c vn chuyn qua nam chm tch kim loi ln 2, qua cn nh lng xc nh lng tp cht tch ra trong qu trnh lm sch ln 1. Sau , la c a qua my sng tp cht v knh qut ht lm sch. Sau khi qua knh quat hut lua mi c phn lam 2 dong, dong lua nng c ln sn, a s a n my tch a cn dong la nh hn s a n my chn ht tch va loai ra cc ht lua co kch c khc nhau (ht trn, ht di) va cac hat ngoai lai trc khi a n gia m ln 1. Nhng ht tiu chun c a qua lu lng k xc nh lng nguyn liu qua xc nh lng nc cn gia m. 2.2.3. H thng x l la m ln 1 La qua my gia m, c trn u trong vt ti, v c trong xil cha. Ty thuc vo loi la m thi gian m l khc nhau, m ln 1 c thi gian khong 1216 gi. Lc ny, m la m t khong 15,5%. 2.2.4. H thng x l la m ln 2 Sau khi m ln 1 xong, la m c a qua lu lng k v nh vt ti, gu ti a la vo my gia m ln 2. Ty thuc vo m o c sau khi m ln 1 mGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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iu chnh lng nc gia m ln 2. Thi gian m ln 2 nhanh hn ln 1, m ln 2 khong 6-8 gi sao cho m la m t 16,5%. Sau khi m hai ln, v la m s dai v lin kt gia v v ni nh s yu nn thun li cho qu trnh bc v v nghin. Mt khc, bt m s c cht lng cao v qu trnh ht m lm cho cc vitamin t v s ko vo trong ni nh. 2.2.5. H thng lm sch ln 2 Sau thi gian ln 2, la m t xil xung cc van xoay. Sau , la c vn chuyn vo my xt v bc mt phn v, phi nh v bi trn ht. V trong thnh phn ca v c nhiu xenlulo l cht m con ngi khng hp th c, phi c nhiu lipit nn d b oxi ha trong qu trnh bo qun, bi trn ht cha nhiu vi sinh vt nn phi tch ra. Knh qut ht ht v ring v la ring, v c a n h thng sn xut ph, cn la th c chuyn n cn nh lng cn tng m ri cho vo my nghin chnh. Trc khi vo my nghin, la c a n nam chm tch kim loi cn st trong la, trnh lm h my nghin. 2.2.6. H thng nghin v sng H thng ny s dng kh ng vn chuyn, gm nhiu my nghin v sng. Theo , kch thc ca ht v cc sn phm trung gian gim dn sau mi h nghin. Sn phm sau mi h nghin c a qua ry phn loi cho n khi t n kch thc yu cu. Phn khng lt sng th c a vo h nghin khc cho n khi thu c sn phm c kch thc ng yu cu. Bt c tch ra qua cn nh lng cn lng bt thu c v c thi n my dit trng su dit ht trng su trnh cho trng su n ra trong xilo bo qun bt. Sau mt thi gian bo qun, cht lng ca bt tng, ta c th ng gi a i tiu th. Trc khi ng gi phi dit trng su cn st trong bt mt ln na. Cm c tch ra s chuyn xung cn nh lng xc nh lng cm, nu lng bt thu hi t v lng cm thu hi nhiu th cn iu chnh li h thng trc ca my xay. Cm theo ng ng vo xil cha cm. 2.2.7. H thng thu hi v x l tp cht V nh my l mt h thng kn nn bt trong qu trnh sn xut hu nh khng th ri ra ngoi, nh t l tht thot bt ca nh my l rt t. H thng ny gm cc cyclon v cc thit b lc v thu hi. 2.2.8. H thng sn xut ph Sau cc qu trnh lm sch ln 1, gia m ln 1, gia m ln 2, lm sch ln 2 cc ph phm nh v la, ht v, rm r nh vt ti, gu ti, vn chuyn qua cn nhGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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lng ri chuyn xung my sng cm phn loi, cm s cho vo xilo cha cm, cn ph phm cha kch thc t yu cu th xung nam chm ht kim loi trc khi a vo my nghin kiu ba nghin n khi ra cm v c qut ht ht vo xil cha cm. T xil ny cm nh my thi thi v xil cm. 2.2.9. H thng ph tr Hot ng ca nh my khng th tin hnh c nu khng c h thng kh nn, h thng qut thi, qut ht, h thng nc - H thng kh nn: cung cp kh cho cc pittong, v sinh thit b - H thng qut thi: dng vn chuyn nguyn liu trong ng ng - H thng qut thi cho thit b lc v thu hi. - H thng nc: cung cp nc cho khu gia m. CHNG 3. TNH CN BNG VT LIU VA SAN PHM 3.1. K hoch sn xut ca nh my Nh my lm vic tt c cc thng trong nm. Mi thng c ngh ngy ch nht, cc ngy l v mt vi ngy v sinh bo dng thit b. Ngy lm vic 3 ca. Biu sn xut ca nh my: Bng 3.1. Biu sn xut ca nh my Thng S ngy lm vic S ca 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 26 78 12 C nm 26 78 306 918

27 19 27 25 26 26 26 27 24 27 81 57 81 75 78 78 78 81 72 81

3.2. Tnh cn bng vt liu trong cng on lm sch Nguyn liu ban u a i lm sch Qngl = 190 tn nguyn liu /ngy Trong , t l tp cht l 3,4% Gi thit, trong c cc loi tp cht sau: + Tp cht nh chim 0,5% + Tp cht nh chim 1,0% + Tp cht ln chim 1,4% + Tp cht si chim 0,25% + Tp cht kim loi chim 0,05% + Tp cht ngoi lai chim 0,2% Bng 3.2. T l v hm lng cc tp cht c trong nguyn liu


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Nguyn liu

Tp cht nh QTCN 0,5 0,95

Tp cht nh QTCNh 1,0 1,9

Tp cht ln QTCL 1,4 2,66

Tp cht Tp cht Tp cht si kim loi ngoi lai QTCDS QTCKL QTCNL 0,25 0,475 0,05 0,095 0,2 0,38

T l tp cht% Lng tp cht (tn/ngy)

Tng lng tp cht tch ra trong mt ngy l: QTC = 0,95 + 1,9 + 2,66 + 0,475 + 0,095 + 0,38 = 6,46 (tn/ngy) 3.2.1. Nam chm I Gi s sau khi i qua nam chm I th lng tp cht kim loi c tch ra l 60% so vi tng lng tp cht kim loi. QKLI = QTCKL x60 60 = 0,095 x = 0,057 (tn/ngy) 100 100

3.2.2. Sng tp cht ln I Lng nguyn liu vo sng mi ngy: QVoTCI = Qngl QKLI = 190 0,057 = 189,943 (tn/ngy) Gi s rng lng tp cht tch ra ti sng tp cht ln I s loi ra mt phn cc tp cht vi t l nh sau: + Tp cht nh 60% + Tp cht ln 60% + Tp cht si 20% Bng 3.3. T l v lng tp cht tch ra ti sng tp cht ln I Loi tp cht T l tp cht % Lng tp cht (tn/ngy) Tp cht nh 60 1,14 Tp cht ln 60 1,596 Tp cht si 20 0,095

Tng lng tp cht tch ra ti my sng tp cht ln I: QTCI = 1,14 + 1,596 + 0,095 = 2,831 (tn/ngy) Vy, lng nguyn liu i ra khi sng tp cht ln I: QRa TCI = QVo TCI QTCI = 189,943 2,831 = 187,112 (tn/ngy) 3.2.3. Nam chm II Gi s rng khi i qua nam chm II th lng tp cht kim loi c tch ra l 20% so vi tng lng tp cht kim loi c ban u. QKLII = QTCKL x20 20 = 0,095 x = 0,019 (tn/ngy) 100 100


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3.2.4. Sng tp cht ln II Gi s hao ht khi lng khi nguyn liu t vt ti, gu ti n xilo cha v t xilo cha qua gu ti, vt ti n nam chm l 0,2%. Th lng nguyn liu vo sng tp cht ln II l: QVo TCII = QRa TCI (0,2 x = 187,112 (0,2 x190 ) QKLII 100 190 ) 0,019 = 186,713 (tn/ngy) 100

Gi s khi nguyn liu qua sng tp cht ln II lng tp cht nh v tp cht ln cn li s b loi hon ton (ngha l 40% tp cht ln v 40% tp cht nh b loi ht) v loi 20% tp cht si. Bng 3.4. T l v lng tp cht tch ra ti sng tp cht ln II Tp cht T l tp cht Lng tp cht (tn/ngy) Tp cht nh 40% 0,76 Tp cht ln 40% 1,064 Tp cht si 20% 0,095

Tng lng tp cht tch ra ti sng tp cht ln II l: QTCII = 0,76 + 1,064 + 0,095 = 1,919 (tn/ngy) Lng nguyn liu i ra khi sng tp cht ln II l: QRa TCII = QVo TCII QTCII = 186,713 1,919 = 184,794 (tn/ngy) Cho rng 50% nguyn liu sau s qua my tch v 50% nguyn liu s qua my chn ht. 3.2.5. My tch Gi s lng tp cht si c tch ra hon ton (60% so vi lng tp cht si c ban u) Lng nguyn liu vo my tch : QVo MTD = QRa TCII x50 50 = 184,794 x = 92,397 (tn/ngy) 100 100

Lng tp cht si tch ra ti my tch l: QTCMTD = QTCDS x60 60 = 0,475 x = 0,285 (tn/ngy) 100 100

Lng nguyn liu ra khi my tch l: QRa MTD = QVo MTD - QTCMTD = 92,397 0,285 = 92,112 (tn/ngy) 3.2.6. My chn ht Lng nguyn liu vo my chn ht = lng nguyn liu vo my tch : QVo MCH = 92,397 (tn/ngy)GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Lng tp cht ngoi lai c tch ra hon ton ti y l: QTCNL = 0,38 tn/ngy. Lng nguyn liu ra khi my chn ht: QRa MCH = QVo MCH QTCNL = 92.397 0,38 = 92,017 (tn/ngy). 3.2.7. My gia m ln 1 Gi s hao ht khi lng khi nguyn liu t my chn ht, my tch qua vt ti n my gia m ln 1 l 0,1%. Lng nguyn liu vo my gia m ln 1 l: QVo MGA1 = (QRa MTD + QRa MCH) x100 0,1 100 100 0,1 = 183,945 (tn/ngy). 100

QVo MGA1 = (92,112 + 92,017) x

m ban u ca la m W1 = 12%, sau khi gia m ln 1: W2 = 15,5% Lng nguyn liu ra khi my gia m 1 vo xilo m l: QRa MGA1 = QVo MGA x1 W1 1 0,12 = 183,945 x 1 0,155 = 191,564 (tn/ngy). 1 W2

3.2.8. My gia m ln 2 Gi s hao ht khi lng nguyn liu t xilo m ln 1 qua vt ti, gu ti n my gia m ln 2 l 0,1%. Lng nguyn liu vo my gia m ln 2 l: QVo MGA2 = QRa MGA1 x100 0,1 100 0,1 = 191,564 x = 191,372 (tn/ngy). 100 100

m la m vo my gia m ln 2 bng m la m khi ra khi my gia m ln 1: W1 = 15,5%. m la m sau khi gia m ln 2: W2 = 16,5%. Lng nguyn liu ra khi my gia m ln 2: QRa MGA2 = QVo MGA2 x1 W1 1 0,155 = 191,372 x 1 0,165 = 193,664 (tn/ngy) 1 W2

3.2.9. My xt v Gi s hao ht khi lng khi nguyn liu t xilo m ln 2 qua gu ti, vt ti n my xt v l 0,1%. Lng nguyn liu vo my xt v l: QVoMXV = QRaMGA2 x100 0,1 100 0,1 = 193,664 x = 193,470 (tn/ngy) 100 100

Gi s hao ht ti my xt v l 0,5%. Lng tp cht tch ra ti my xt v:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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QTCMXV = QVo MXV x

0,5 0,5 = 193,470 x = 0,967 (tn/ngy) 100 100

Lng nguyn liu ra khi my xt v: QRa MXV = QVo MXV QTCMXV = 193,470 0,967 = 192,503 (tn/ngy) 3.2.10. Nam chm III Gi s lng kim loi cn li (20% tng lng kim loi) c tch ra ton b. Lng tp cht kim loi tch ra ti y: QKLIII = QTCKL x20 20 = 0,095 x = 0,019 (tn/ngy). 100 100

Lng nguyn liu ra khi nam chm III i nghin: QRa NCIII = QRa MXV QKLIII = 192,503 0,019 = 192,484 (tn/ngy). 3.3. Tnh cn bng trong cng on nghin th Lng nguyn liu sch vo cng on nghin l QS = 192,484 (tn/ngy). 3.3.1. H nghin th I v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo my nghin th I l 100% nguyn liu sch (QS). Do : QVo NTI = QRa NCIII = 192,484 (tn/ngy). b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % nguyn liu vo my nghin th II l 66,75%. + T l % bt loi II thu c l 2,8%. + T l % nguyn liu i lm giu tm v tm li N1 l 21,2%. + T l % nguyn a i lm giu tm v tm li N2 l 9,0%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,05%. + T l % bt i lc ti l 0,2%. Bng 3.5. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin th I v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra Th II Bt II N1 N2 Tn hao T l % so vi nguyn 66,75 2,8 21,2 9,0 0,05 liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra 128,483 5,389 40,653 17,324 0,096 (tn/ngy) Tng sn phm nguyn liu sch QS ra: C% = 66,75% + 2,8% + 21,2% + 9,0% + 0,05% + 0,2% + = 100 % 3.3.2. H nghin th II v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu voGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht

Cyclon 0,2 0,385

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Lng nguyn liu vo my nghin th II bng 66,75% nguyn liu i ra t my nghin th I. Nn lng nguyn liu vo my nghin th II l: QVo NTII = 192, 484 66, 75 = 128,483 (tn/ngy). 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % nguyn liu vo my nghin th III l 39,4%. + T l % bt loi I thu c l 5,5%. + T l % nguyn liu i lm giu tm v tm li N4 l 14,0%. + T l % nguyn a i lm giu tm v tm li N2 l 7,5%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,05%. + T l % bt i lc ti l 0,3%. Bng 3.6. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin th II v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra Th III T l % so vi nguyn 39,4 liu sch, (%) Nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngay) 75,837 Bt I 5,5 10,58 7 N4 14,0 26,94 8 N2 7,5 14,43 6 Tn hao 0,05 0,096 Cyclon 0,3 0,577

Tng % sn phm nguyn liu sch QS ra: C% = 39,4% + 5,5% +14,0% + 7,5% + 0,05% + 0,3% = 66,75% 3.3.3. H nghin th III v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo my nghin th III + T h nghin th II: 39,4% + T sng gi N1: 8,98% + T h nghin mn I: 2,7% C% vo = 39,4% + 8,98% + 2,7% = 51,08% nguyn liu sch QS QVo NTIII = QS x51, 08 5 ,0 1 8 = 192, 484 = 93,321 (tn/ngy). 10 0 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra: Gi thit: + T l % nguyn liu vo my nghin th IV l 26,63%. + T l % bt loi I thu c l 4,5%. + T l % nguyn liu i lm giu tm v tm li N3 l 12,5%.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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+ T l % nguyn a i lm giu tm v tm li N4 l 7%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,05%. + T l % bt i lc ti l 0,4%. Bng 3.7. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin th III v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra Th IV Ty l % so vi nguyn 26,63 liu sch, (%). Lng nguyn liu ra, 48,652 (tn/ngy). Bt I 4,5 8,221 N3 12,5 N4 7,0 Tn hao Cyclon 0,05 0,091 0,4 0,731

22,837 12,789

Tng % sn phm nguyn liu sch QS ra: C% = 26,63% + 4,5% + 12,5% + 7,0% + 0,05% + 0,4% = 51,08%. 3.3.4. H nghin th IV v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo my nghin th IV, Qvo NTIV + T h nghin th III: 26,63% + T sng gi N4: 4,5% Vy: C% vo = 26,63% + 4,5% = 31,13% nguyn liu sch QS. QVo NTIV = 192, 484 31,13 = 59,920 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % nguyn liu vo my nghin mn IV l 7,0%. + T l % bt loi II thu c l 4,0%. + T l % nguyn liu i vo h nghin mn V l 9,8%. + T l % nguyn liu a i p v l 9,9%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,03%. + T l % bt i lc ti l 0,4%. Bng 3.8. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin th IV v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra Bt II Mn IV T l % so vi nguyn 4,0 7,0 liu sch, (%). Lng nguyn liu ra 7,699 13,474 (tn/ngy). Mn V 9,8 18,863 p v Tn hao Cyclon 9,9 19,056 0,03 0,058 0,4 0,770

Tng % sn phm nguyn liu sch QS ra:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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C% = 4,0% + 7,0% + 9,8% + 9,9% + 0,03% + 0,4% = 31,13%. 3.3.5. H nghin th V v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo my nghin th V: T my p v: C% vo = 8,88% nguyn liu sch QS. QVo NTV = 192, 484 8,88 = 17,093 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % nguyn liu i lm cm l 5,56%. + T l % bt loi II thu c l 3,0%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,02%. + T l % bt i lc ti l 0,3%. Bng 3.9. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin th V v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy). Bt II 3,0 5,775 Nghin v 5,56 10,702 Cyclon 0,3 0,577 Tn hao 0,02 0,038

Tng % sn phm nguyn liu sch QS ra: C% = 5,56% + 3,0% + 0,3% + 0,02% = 8,88%. 3.4. Tnh ton cho h lm giu tm v tm li 3.4.1. Sng lm giu tm N1 a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo sng gi N1, QvoN1 Nguyn liu vo sng gi N1 t h nghin th I: C% vo = 21,2% nguyn liu sch QS. QVoN1= 192, 484 21, 2 = 40,807 (tn/ngy). 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + Phn trn sng i h nghin th III l 8,98%, Q1N1 Q1N1= 192, 484 8,98 = 17,285 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Phn lt sng (110, 90, 80) a i nghin mn I l 7,2%, Q2N1 Q2N1= 192, 484 7, 2 = 13,859 (tn/ngy) 100 SVTH: Mai Thi Th


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+ Lng nguyn liu qua sng gi N2 l 5,0%, Q4N1 Q4N1=192, 484 5, 0 = 9,624 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Lng nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh sng l 0,02%, Q3N1 Q3N1= + Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 8,98% + 7,2% + 5,0% + 0,02% = 21,2% 3.4.2. Sng lm giu tm N2 a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo sng gi N2, QvoN2 + T h nghin th I : 9,0% + T h nghin th II : 7,5% + T sng gi N1: 5,0% C% vo = 9,0% + 7,5% + 5,0% = 21,5% QVoN2= b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + Phn trn sng i lm giu tm v tm li N3 l 7,5%, Q1N2 Q1N2= 192, 484 7,5 = 14,436 (tn/ngy) 100 7, 48 = 14,398 (tn/ngy) 100 0, 02 = 0,038 (tn/ngy). 100 6,5 = 12,511 (tn/ngy). 100 192, 484 21,5 100 = 41,384 (tn/ngy) 192, 484 0, 02 100 = 0,038 (tn/ngy)

+ Phn lt sng (120, 130, 120) a i nghin mn II l 7,48%, Q2N2 Q2N2= 192, 484

+ Lng nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh sng l 0,02%, Q3N2 Q3N2= 192, 484

+ Phn lt sng (100, 110) a i h nghin mn I l 6,5%, Q4N2 Q4N2= 192, 484

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 7,5% + 7,48% + 6,5% + 0,02% = 21,5%. 3.4.3. Sng lm giu tm N3 a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo sng gi N3, QvoN3 + T h nghin th III: 12,5% + T sng gi N2: 7,5% C% vo = 12,5% + 7,5% = 20,0%.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

26


QVoN3 =192, 484

20 = 38,497 (tn/ngy). 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + Phn trn sng i nghin mn IV l 8,5%, Q1N3 Q1N3 = 192, 484 8,5 = 16,361 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Phn lt sng a i nghin mn II l 11,48%, Q2N3 Q2N3 = 192, 484 11, 48 = 22,097 (ngy) 100 0, 02 = 0,038 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Lng nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh sng l 0,02%, Q3N3 Q3N3 = 192, 484

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 8,5% + 11,48% + 0,02% = 20,0% 3.4.4. Sng lm giu tm N4 a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo sng gi N4, QvoN4 + T h nghin th II: 14,0% + T h nghin th III: 7,0% C% vo = 14,0% + 7,0% = 21,0% QVoN4 = 192, 484 21, 0 = 40,422 (ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + Phn trn sng i nghin th IV l 4,5%, Q1N4 Q1N4 = 192, 484 4,5 = 8,662 (tn/ngy) 100 8,98 = 17,285 (tn/ngy) 100 0, 02 = 0,038 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Phn lt sng (130, 120, 120) a i nghin mn III l 8,98%, Q2N4 Q2N4= 192, 484

+ Lng nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh sng l 0,02%, Q3N4 Q3N4= 192, 484

+ Phn lt sng (100, 100) a i h nghin mn I l 7,5%, Q4N4 Q4N4= 192, 484 GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht 7,5 = 14,436 (tn/ngy) 100 SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

27


Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 4,5% + 8,98% + 0,02% + 7,5% = 21,0% 3.5. Tnh cn bng cho cc h nghin mn v ry tng ng 3.5.1. H nghin mn I v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo h nghin mn I, QvoM1 + T sng gi N1: 7,2% + T sng gi N2: 6,5% + T sng gi N4: 7,5% C% vo = 7,2% + 6,5% + 7,5% = 21,2% QVaoM1= 192, 484 21, 2 = 40,807 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % bt loi I thu c l 12,0% + T l % nguyn liu a i nghin th III l 2,7% + T l % nguyn liu i nghin mn II l 5,97% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,5% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,03% Bng 3.10. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin mn I v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra Bt loi I T l % so vi nguyn 12,0 liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, 23,098 (tn/ngy). Th III 2,7 5,197 Mn II 5,97 11,491 Tn hao 0,03 0,058 Cyclon 0,5 0,962

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 12,0% + 2,7% + 5,97% + 0,5% + 0,03% = 21,2% 3.5.2. H nghin mn II v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo h nghin mn II, QvoM2 + T h nghin mn I: 5,97% + T sng gi N2: 7,48% + T sng gi N3: 11,48% C% vo = 5,97% + 7,48% + 11,48% = 24,93% QVoM2= 192, 484 b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th 24,93 = 47,986 (tn/ngy) 100

n cng ngh 2 m

28


+ T l % bt loi I thu c l 14,0% + T l % nguyn liu a i nghin mn III l 10,38% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,5% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,05% Bng 3.11. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin mn II v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Bt loi I 14,0 26,948 Mn III 10,38 19,980 Tn hao 0,05 0,096 Cyclon 0,5 0,962

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 14,0% + 10,38% + 0,5% + 0,05% = 24,93% 3.5.3. H nghin mn III v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo h nghin mn III, QvoM3 + T h nghin mn II: 10,38% + T sng gi N4: 8,98% C% vo = 10,38% + 8,98% = 19,36% QVoM3= 192, 484 19,36 = 37,265 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % bt loi I thu c l 11,5% + T l % nguyn liu a i nghin mn IV l 7,42% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,4% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,04% Bng 3.12. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin mn III v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Bt I 11,5 22,136 Mn IV 7,42 14,282 Tn hao 0,04 0,077 Cyclon 0,4 0,770

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 11,5% + 7,42% + 0,4% + 0,04% = 19,36% 3.5.4. H nghin mn IV v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo: Nguyn liu vo h nghin mn IV, QvoM4 + T h nghin mn III: 7,42% + T sng gi N3: 8,5% + T h nghin th IV: 7,0% C% vo = 7,42% + 8,5% + 7,0% = 22,92%GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

29


QVoM4= 192, 484

22,92 = 44,117 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + Bt loi II thu c l 15,0% + Lng nguyn liu a i nghin mn V l 7,58% + Lng bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,3% + Lng nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,04% Bng 3.13. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin mn IV v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Bt II 15,0 28.873 Mn V 7,58 14,590 Tn hao 0,04 0,077 Cyclon 0,3 0,577

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 15,0% + 7,58% + 0,3% + 0,04% = 22,92% 3.5.5. H nghin mn V v ry tng ng a) Lng nguyn liu vo Nguyn liu vo h nghin mn V, QvoM5 + T h nghin mn IV: 7,58% + T h nghin th IV: 9,8% + T sng kim tra I: 3,08% C% vo = 7,58% + 9,8% + 3,08% = 20,46% QVoM5 = 192, 484 20, 46 = 39,382 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % bt loi II thu c l 12,2% + T l % nguyn liu a i lm cm l 7,93% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,3% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh nghin v ry l 0,03% Bng 3.14. Lng nguyn liu ra khi h nghin mn V v ry tng ng Nguyn liu ra T l so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Bt loi II Nghin v 12,2 7,93 23,483 15,264 Tn hao 0,03 0,058 Cyclon 0,3 0,577

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 12,2% + 7,93% + 0,3% + 0,03% = 20,46% 3.6. Cng on p v, sng kim tra bt, cyclon v thit b lc biGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

30


3.6.1. My p v a) Lng nguyn liu vo my p v: QvoV + T h nghin th IV: 9,9% QVoV = 192, 484 9,9 = 19,056 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % lng v c tch ra ti my l 1,0% + T l % nguyn liu a i nghin th V l 8,88 + T l % nguyn liu tn hao trong qu trnh p v l 0,02%

Bng 3.15. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi my p v Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) V 1,0 1,925 Nghin th V 8,88 17,092 Tn hao 0,02 0,038

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 1,0% + 8,88% + 0,02% = 9,9%. 3.6.2. My nghin v a) Lng nguyn liu vo my nghin v. - T h nghin th V l 5,56% - T h nghin mn V l 7,93% - T sng kim tra bt loi II l 2,68% C% vo = 5,56% + 7,93% + 2,68% = 16,17% QVoNV = 192, 484 16,17 = 31,125 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra - Gi thit: + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,5%. + T l % v tch qua sng xoa cm l 7,0%. + T l % cm c tch qua sng tng ng l 7,7%. + T l % bt thc n gia sc c tch qua sng l 0,92%. + T l % nguyn liu tn hao l 0,05%. Bng 3.16. T l v lng NL ra khi h nghin v, v ry tng ngGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

31


Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch,(%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy)

Cyclon 0,5 1,962

V 7,0 13,474

TAGS Tn hao 0,92 0,05 14,821 1,771 0,096

Cm 7,7

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 0,5% + 7,7% + 7,0% + 0,05% + 0,92% = 16,17% 3.6.3. Sng kim tra bt loi I a) Lng nguyn liu vo, QvoKT1 + T h nghin th II: 5,5%, III: 4,5% + T h nghin mn I: 12,0%, II: 14,0%, III: 11,5% C% vo = 5,5% + 4,5% + 12,0% + 14,0% + 11,5% = 47,5% QVoKT1= 192, 484 47,5 = 91,423 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % bt loi I thu c l 44,0% + T l % bt v nghin mn V l 3,08% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,4% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao l 0,02% Bng 3.17. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi sng kim tra bt loi I Nguyn liu ra Bt I Nghin mn V Tn hao Cyclon T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) 44,0 3,08 0,02 0,4 Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) 84,693 5,928 0,038 0,770 Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 44,0% + 3,08% + 0,4% + 0,02% = 47,5%. 3.6.4. Sng kim tra bt loi II a) Lng nguyn liu vo, QvoKT2 + T h nghin th I: 2,8% + T h nghin th IV: 4,0% + T h nghin th V: 3,0% + T h nghin mn IV: 15,0% + T h nghin mn V: 12,2% C% vo = 2,8% + 4,0% + 3,0% + 15,0% + 12,2% = 37,0% QVoKT2 = 192, 484 b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th 37, 0 = 70,849 (tn/ngy) 100

n cng ngh 2 m

32


+ T l % bt loi II thu c l 34,0% + T l % nguyn liu i lm cm l 2,68% + T l % bt qua cyclon i lc ti l 0,3% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao l 0,02% Bng 3.18. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi sng kim tra bt loi II Nguyn liu ra T l so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Bt II Nghin v Tn hao 34,0 2,68 0,02 65,105 5,132 0,038 Cyclon 0,3 0,577

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 34,0% + 2,68% + 0,3% + 0,02% = 37,0% 3.6.5. Cyclon a) Lng nguyn liu vo, QvoCL T h nghin th, h nghin mn v cc h sng kim tra: C% vo = 4,3% QVoCL= 192, 484 4,3 = 8,277 (tn/ngy) 100

b) Lng nguyn liu ra Gi thit: + T l % cm thu c l 2,3% + T l % bt nh qua thit b lc bi l 1,98% + T l % nguyn liu tn hao l 0,02% Bng 3.19. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi cyclon Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy) Cm 2,3 4,427 Lc bi 1,98 3,811 Tn hao 0,02 0,038

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 2,3% + 1,98% + 0,02% = 4,3% 3.6.6.Thit b lc bi a) Lng nguyn liu vo, QvoLB T cyclon l: C% vo = 1,98% QVoLB = b) Lng nguyn liu ra Bng 3.20. T l v lng nguyn liu ra khi thit b lc bi Nguyn liu ra T l % so vi nguyn liu sch, (%) Lng nguyn liu ra, (tn/ngy)GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht 192, 484 1,98 100 = 3,811 (tn/ngy)

Cm 1,88 3,619

Tn hao 0,1 0,192SVTH: Mai Thi Th

Sng gi V p V Nghin Cyclon Bi Lc I Bt II Bt Cm II III IV V Bt Bt II I Tn hao

H nghin mn

Ry k.tra

Sn phm

n cng ngh 2 m

V

N1 N2 N3 N4

I

21,2 5,5 4,5 7 3 0,02 0,02 8,5 8,98 12 10,38 7,42 7,58 12,2 3,08 2,68 7,93 0,3 0,4 0,3 44 34 15 0,3 11,5 0,4 14 0,5 0,5 0,02 0,02 0,03 0,05 0,04 0,04 0,03 0,02 0,02 1,0 0,02 0,5 1,98 15,62 2,8 1,88 37 9,9 16,17 4,8 1,98 44 34 21,3 0,05 0,02 0,1 0, 7 5,56 0,3 0,02 9,8 4 9,9 0,4 0,03 0,4 0,05 0,3 0,05

9

2,8

0,2

0,05

7,5

14


12,5

7

5

7,2

7,5

6,5

7,48

11,48

33

7,5

Tng % sn phm ra: C% = 1,88% + 0,1% = 1,98%

Bng 3.21. Cn bng sn phm cng on nghin (% so vi nguyn liu sch)

5,97


8,88

SVTH: Mai Thi Th

8,88 21,2 21,5 20

21 21,2 24,93 19,36 22,92 20,46 47,5

n cng ngh 2 m26,63 H nghin th IV

344,5

Thit k nh my sn xut bt100 66,75 51,08 31,13 24,93 19,36 22,92 20,46 47,5 37,0 16,17 1,98 L.bi Tng Cyclon 9,9 K.tra II Mn III Mn IV K.tra I Mn II Mn V

39,4

8,98

Nguyn liu thit b Tn vo v ra

100

I

66,75

II

66,75

51,08

31,13

8,88

21,2

21,5

20,0

21,0

21,2

100

100

2,7

III

Th III

Th IV

Th II

Th V

Mn I

Th I

3.7. Cng on nguyn liu i lm cm Nguyn liu i lm cm gm cc tp cht tch ra lm sch ln 2, cc tp cht ngoi lai...Khng ly tp cht cng on lm sch ln 1 i lm cm. Tp cht tch ra lm sch ln 2 gm 40% tp cht nh, 40% tp cht ln. QTC = QTC nh + QTC ln = 0,76 + 1,064 = 1,824 (tn/ngy) Tp cht ngoi lai c tch ra my chn ht: QTCNL = 0,38 (tn/ngy). Tng lng tp cht i lm cm: QTC cm = QTC + QTCNL = 2,304 + 0,38 = 2,204 (tn/ngy). Gi s hao ht khi nguyn liu lm cm qua gu ti n my sng l 0,1%. Lng nguyn liu vo my sng: QVo MS = QTC cm x100 0,1 100 0,1 = 2,204 x = 2,202 (tn/ngy) 100 100

50% lng cm c kch thc ln vo xilo cha trc khi nghin. Lng cm c kch thc ln i nghin l: Qcm ln = QVo MS x50 50 = 2,202 x = 1,101 (tn/ngy) 100 100

3.8. Cng on dit trng su: Thit b dit trng su gm 3 thit b, trong 2 thit b t trc xilo cha bt v 1 thit b t sau: Thit b t trc xilo cha bt: + Bt loi I: Qbt I = Qbt x44 44 = 190 x = 83,6 (tn/ngy) = 3,5 (tn/h) 100 100 34 34 = 190 x = 64,6 (tn/ngy) = 2,7 (tn/h) 100 100

+ Bt loi II: Qbt II = Qbt xGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht

SVTH: Mai Thi Th

.v

Cn

N1

N2

N3

N4

Ng.v

4,8

n cng ngh 2 m

35


3.9. Cn bng san phm - Nng sut nh my thit k l : 190 tn nguyn liu/ngy - m ban u ca nguyn liu : 12% - T l tp cht l : 3,4% - Cho ra hai loi sn phm + Bt loi I : 44% + Bt loi II : 34% - T l cm : Qcm sau nghin + Qcm sau lm sch 3.9.1. Lng nguyn liu sch sau khi tch ht tp cht Lng nguyn liu ban u a i lm sch 190 tn/ngy. T l tp cht c trong nguyn liu: 3,4% Vy lng nguyn liu cn li sau khi tch ht tp cht QsQs (12%) = 190 190 3, 4 = 183,54 (tn/ngy) 100

Trong qu trnh lm sch c mt lng nc ngm vo lm m nguyn liu tng t 12% n 16,5%. Do khi lng nguyn liu sau qu trnh lm sch cng tng v c xc nh bng lng nguyn liu ra khi nam chm III. Qs(16,5%) = Qra NCIII = 192,484 (tn/ngy) 3.9.2. Lng sn phm v ph phm Sn phm chnh ca nh my l bt loi I (44%) v bt loi II (34%), ph phm cm l 21,3% v tn hao l 0,7%. + Lng bt loi I thu c trong ngy:QB1 = Qs 44 44 = 192, 484 = 84,693 (tn/ngy) 100 100 34 34 = 192, 484 = 65,445 (tn/ngy) 100 100 21,3 = 40,999 (tn/ngy) 100

+ Lng bt loi II thu c trong ngy:Q B 2 = Qs

+ Lng ph phm cn li lm cm l 21,3% so vi lng nguyn liu sch: QCm nghin = 192,484 x

+ Tn hao trong qu trnh nghin l 0,7%:QT .hao = QS 0, 7 0, 7 =192, 484 = 1,347 (tn/ngy) 100 100

Tng lng sn phm v ph phm thu c trong ngy c tm tt nh sau


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

36


Bng 3.22. Bng cn bng sn phm Tn sn phm Lng s/p, (tn/ngy) Bt loi I 84,693 Bt loi II 65,445 Cm 40,999 Tn hao 1,347

T l thu hi l: Qthu hi =

84, 693 + 65, 445 + 40,999 100 = 100,5% 190

Tng % lng bt sn phm thu c so vi nguyn liu sch: Tng % bt thu c = Bt loi I + Bt loi II = 44% + 34% = 78% Nh vy, nng sut nh my l 190 tn nguyn liu/ngy th lng sn phm thu c l: QS x78 78 = 192,484 x = 150,138 (tn bt/ngy). 100 100

CHNG 4. TNH V CHN THIT B 4.1. Tnh v chn thit b chnh 4.1.1. Cng on lm sch v chun b ht trc khi nghin Bng 4.1. Bng tng kt nng sut cn thit k ca cc thit b phc v cng on lm sch ht v chun b ht trc khi nghinSTT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Thit b Cn t ng Lu lng k Nam chm I Sng tp cht ln I Knh qut ht ln I Nam chm II Sng tp cht ln II Knh qut ht ln II My tch My chn ht My gia m ln 1 My gia m ln 2 My xt v Q (tn/ngy) 190 190 190 189,943 189,943 187,112 186,713 186,713 92,397 92,397 183,945 191,372 193,470 7,916 7,916 7,916 7,914 7,914 7,796 7,779 7,779 3,849 3,849 7,664 7,973 8,061 SVTH: Mai Thi Th Q (T/h)


n cng ngh 2 m 14 Nam chm III

37 192,503

Thit k nh my sn xut bt 8,020

4.1.1.1. Cn t ng Nguyn liu trc khi lm sch c a qua cn xc nh lng nguyn liu a vo sn xut. Trc khi nghin th nguyn liu cng c cn nhm xc nh lng tp cht loi ra, t xc nh hao ht cng nh xem xt kh nng thu hi sn phm ca nh my trong sn xut. Lng nguyn liu ban u a vo sn xut qua cn t ng l 7,916 tn nguyn liu/gi. Chn cn t ng loi WGB ca sn xut. - Thng s k thut: + Loi cn : WGB 120 + Nng sut (T/h) : 14 + Kch thc (mm) : A x B x C = 850 x 850 x 1595 + ng knh ca np liu (mm) + Khi lng (kg)Nguyn liu vo Ca x kh

: eD = 195 : 320Ca x kh

+ ng knh ca tho sn phm (mm) : iE = 300

Hnh 4.1. Cn t ng WGB [16] Nng sut ca cn l 14 T/h vy: - S cn cn s dng ti cng on cn nguyn liu trc khi lm sch l: N = Nng sut thit k/Nng sut thit b = 7,916/14 = 0,565. Chn 1 cn. Lng nguyn liu qua cn vo sng tp cht 2 l: 186,713 tn/ngy = 7,779 T/h - S cn cn s dng ti cng on cn nguyn liu vo sng tp cht 2 l: N = 7,779/14 = 0,556. Chn 1 cn.

Sn phm ra


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

38


Tng t nh vy ta cng chn c 1 cn trc khi vo nghin th, 1 cn ph phm trc khi nghin ba, 1 cn bt thnh phm v 1 cn cm. 4.1.1.2. Lu lng k Tng s c 9 lu lng k s dng trong nh my. Trong c 4 lu lng k t di 4 xilo cha ht lm sch s b, 4 lu lng k t di 4 xilo m 1 v 1 lu lng k t trc my gia m 1. Lng nguyn liu cha trong 4 xilo cha ht lm sch s b l: 187,112 tn. Nh vy lng nguyn liu ti thiu qua lu lng k l 187,112/4 = 46,778 tn/ngy = 1,949 T/h. Lu lng k t trc my gia m c lu lng nguyn liu i qua l ln nht v bng: 183,945 tn/ngy = 7,664 T/h. Theo ta chn lu lng k FIB 025 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. Vi cc thng s k thut nh sau: Nng sut (T/h) : 0,25 25 Khi lng (kg) : 60 Kch thc (mm) : 470 x 380 x 815

Hnh 4.2. Lu lng k FIB [16]. 4.1.1.3. Sng lm sch tp cht ln I, II Trong nh my nguyn liu trc khi a i ch bin cn phi loi b ht cc tp cht c trong nguyn liu nhm m bo cht lng cho sn phm va an ton trong sn xut. Lng nguyn liu vo sng tp cht I l: 7,914 tn nguyn liu/gi. V vy ta c th chn sng tp cht loi SPR 07N ca sn xut.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

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- Thng s k thut: + Nng sut (T/h) :9 2 + Din tch b mt sng (m ) : 1,125 + Kch thc (mm) : A x B x C = 2158 x 1232 x 2143 + Trng lng thit b (kg) : 640 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 1,1 + Tn s dng in (Hz) : 50 + S my sng tp cht cn s dng l: N = 7,914/9 = 0,879 (thit b). Vy chn 1 sng tp cht I. Lngtruyn ng vo sng tp cht II l: 7,779 tn nguyn liu/gi. M t nguyn liu + S sng tp cht cn s dng trong cng on ny l: Li sng N = Hnh4.3. Sng tp cht SPR [16]. 7,779/9 = 0,864 (thit b). Chn 1 sng tp cht ln II.

4.1.1.4. Knh qut ht a) Knh qut ht cho sng tp cht ln 1 v my xt v Sau khi qua sng tp cht ln 1 v my xt v nguyn liu chy qua knh qut ht loi b cc tp cht nh, bi c trong nguyn liu.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Lng nguyn liu vo sng tp cht ln 1 l 7,914 T/h, v lng nguyn liu vo my xt v l 8,061 T/h. Chn knh qut ht TRR 07B do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.

Hnh4.4 a.. Knh qut ht TRR [16]. - Thng s k thut ca thit b: + Nng sut thit b (T/h) :9 + Cng sut ng c (kW) :3 + Tn s dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 + Khi lng thit b (Kg) : 380 + Kch thc thit b (mm) : 1060 x 780 x 2600 + S knh qut ht cn s dng (ci) : 02 b) Knh qut ht cho sng tp cht ln 2 Khc vi knh qut ht sng tp cht ln 1, nguyn liu ra khi knh qut ht sng tp cht ln 2 c phn thnh 2 phn. Phn nng i tip vo my tch tch si cn phn nh i vo my chn ht tch cc tp cht ngoi lai. Lng nguyn liu vo sng tp cht ln 2 l 7,779 T/h Chn knh qut ht TRC 07R do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

Hnh 4.4b. Knh qut ht TRC R [16].

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- Thng s k thut ca thit b: + Nng sut thit b (T/h) + Cng sut ng c (kW) + Tn s dng in s dng (Hz) + Khi lng thit b (Kg) + Kch thc thit b (mm) + S knh qut ht cn s dng (ci)

:9 :3 : 50 : 675 : 1560 x 1010 x 3190 : 01

4.1.1.5. Nam chm tch kim loi I, II, III Trong nguyn liu ban u c ln cc tp cht kim loi, nhng tp cht ny ri vo khi ht trong qu trnh sn xut hoc vn chuyn. Nu khng tch ht th tp cht kim loi lm cho thit b b mi mn, lm hng cc b phn ca my v c th va p to tia la gy ha hon. Lng nguyn liu vo nam chm I l: 7,916 tn/h. Lng nguyn liu vo nam chm II l: 7,796 tn/h. Lng nguyn liu vo nam chm III l: 8,020 tn/h. Chn nam chm tch kim loi MSC 15 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. - Cc thng s k thut: + Nng sut (T/h) : 18 + Khi lng (kg) : 70 + Kch thc (mm) : D = 275; H = 680 + ng knh ca np liu (mm) : C = 150 - S nam chm tch tp cht kim loi ln 1 cn s dng l: N = 7,916 /18 = 0,440. Chn 1 nam chm trong cng on ny.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- S nam chm tch tp cht kim loi II cn s dng l: N = 7,796/18 = 0,433. Chn 1 nam chm. - S nam chm tch tp cht kim loi III cn s dng: N = 8,020/18 = 0,446. Chn 1 nam chm. t 1 nam chm trc my nghin ba tch tp cht kim loi trc khi nghin. Lng nguyn liu vo my nghin ba l: 1,101 T/ngy = 0,046 T/h. Chn nam chm MSC 10 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.

4

Hnh 4.5. Nam chm MSC [16]. Cc thng s k thut nh sau: + Nng sut (T/h) + Khi lng (kg) + Kch thc (mm) + ng knh ca np liu (mm)

:5 : 45 : D = 220, H = 570 : C = 100

4.1.1.6. My tch Trong qu trnh lm sch tp cht ln 1 v 2 tp cht si khng th loi b ht do chng ta phi s dng my gn loi b ht lng tp cht si ny nhm thu c lng nguyn liu sch m bo cht lng a i sn xut. Lng nguyn liu vo my gn l: 92,397 tn/ngy = 3,850 tn/h Chn loi my tch TSV 060 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

Hnh 4.6. My tch TSV [16].

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- Cc thng s k thut ca my tch + Nng sut thit b (tn/h) :4 + Tn s dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 2 x 0,185 + Kch thc my (mm) : A x B x C = 1220 x 790 x 1400 + Trng lng my (kg) : 150 - S my cn s dng trong dy chuyn l: N = 3,850 /4 = 0,963. Chn 1 my trong dy chuyn sn xut. 4.1.1.7. My chn ht Nng sut cn thit k ca my: Q = 92,397 tn/ngy = 3,850 tn/h Chn my tch ht CSA UN 407/2 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. - Vi cc thng s k thut nh sau: + Nng sut (T/h) :4 + Cng sut lm vic (kW) : 2 x 1,1 + Khi lng (kg) : 2180 + Kch thc (mm) : A x B x C = 2160 x 950 x 2950 - S lng : N = 3,850 /4 = 0,962. Chn 1 thit b.

1

2

C

4A

3B

Hnh 4.7. My chn ht [16]. 4.1.1.8. Thit b gia m Nguyn liu a vo sn xut cn phi c lm m nhm tng kh nng lm sch tp cht ng thi gip mt lng nc ngm vo nguyn liu lm cho vGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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nguyn liu tr nn dai hn, ni nh tr nn mm thun li cho qu trnh nghin v loi b v sau ny. Lng nguyn liu vo thit b gia m ln 1 l: 7,664 T/h. Lng nguyn liu vo thit b gia m ln 2 l: 7,973 T/h. Chn thit b lm m SCV 35C ca OCRIM. - Cc thng s k thut ca my: + Nng sut my (tn/h) : 13 + Lng nc s dng (l/h) : 1000 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 7,5 + Trng lng my (kg) : 520 + Kch thc my (mm) : 1245 x 650 x 2645 - S thit b gia m ln 1 cn s dng trong nh my l: N1 = 7,664/13 = 0,589. Chn 1 thit b gia m ln 1. - S thit b gia m ln 2 cn s dng l: N2 = 7,973/13 = 0,613. Chn 1 thit b gia m ln 2.

Hnh 4.8. Thit b gia m SCV [16]. 4.1.1.9. My xt vGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- Lng nguyn liu i vo my xt v l: 8,061 T/h. Chn my xt v nhn hiu SIG 3013 ca OCRIM. - Cc thng s k thut: + Nng sut my (T/h) : 8,5 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 7,5 + Trng lng my (kg) : 560 + Kch thc my (mm) : 2093 x 700 x 1703 S my cn dng: N = 8,061/8,5 = 0,948. Chn 1 my trong dy chuyn sn xut

Hnh 4.9. My xt v [16]. 4.1.2. Cng on nghin 4.1.2.1. Chn h nghin th v sng phn loi tng ng Bng 4.2. Bng tng kt nng sut cn thit k ca cc h nghin thSTT 1 2 3 4 5 Tn thit b H nghin th I H nghin th II H nghin th III H nghin th IV H nghin th V QTK (tn/ngy) 192,484 128,483 93,321 59,920 17,093 QTK (T/h) 8,020 5,353 3,888 2,496 0,712

a) H nghin th Chn my nghin th nhn hiu RMQ do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. Cc my nghin th II, III, IV, V c 1 ca np liu, 2 cp trc nghin. Ring my nghin th I c 2 ca np liu, 4 cp trc nghin. Bng 4.3. Cc loi my nghin cn s dng trong mi h nghin thGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m Cng on H nghin th I H nghin th II H nghin th III H nghin th IV H nghin th V QTK(T/h) 8,020 5,353 3,888 2,496 0,712

46 Loi my RMQ 080 RMQ 125 RMQ 080 RMQ 080 RMQ 080

Thit k nh my sn xut bt Nng sut my (T/h) 4,8 x 2 7,5 4,8 4,8 4,8 N 0,835 0,714 0,81 0,52 0,150 S lng 1 1 1 1 1

C cu 1 ca np liu

C cu 2 ca np liu

Hnh 4.10. My nghin kp RMQ [16]. Bng 4.4. Cc thng s k thut ca cc my nghin trong cc h nghin thLoi my Nng sut cho 1 ca np liu (T/h) trc nghin (mm) Cng sut ng c (kW) Dng in s dng (Hz) p lc trc nn (bar) Kch thc my (mm) Trng lng my (Kg) RMQ 080 4,8 250 2x30 50 6 1700 x 1505 x 2440 6465 RMQ 125 7,5 250 2x30 50 6 2150 x 1250 x 2440 7705

b) Chn sng phn loi tng ng Sau khi nghin xong cc bt nghin c a xung sng phn loi thu c cc loi bt khc nhau theo yu cu sn xut. Phn khng lt sng tip tc c a i nghin li hoc qua cc cng on khc. Chn sng phn loi bt loi BQG A v loi do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Theo nng sut cn thit k ta chn sng phn loi bt nhn hiu BQG 63A c 6 ngn lm vic, nng sut mi ngn l 6,5 T/h. Mi h nghin th ng vi 1 ngn lm vic, ring h nghin th 1 c 2 ngn lm vic do c nng sut ln. Bng 4.5. Bng kt qu tnh ton sng phn loi tng ngLoi sng Sng phn loi h nghin th 1 Sng phn loi h nghin th 2 Sng phn loi h nghin th 3 Sng phn loi h nghin th 4 Sng phn loi h nghin th 5 Nguyn liu vo (T/h) 8,020 5,353 3,888 2,496 0,712 Nng sut 1 ngn (T/h) 6,5 6,5 6,5 6,5 6,5 N 1,234 0,823 0,598 0,384 0,109 S ngn 2 1 1 1 1

- Thng s k thut ca sng phn loi BQG 63A: + Nng sut mt ngn (tn/h) : 6,5 + S ngn (ngn) :6 2 + Tng din tch b mt ry (m ) : 55,26 + Cng sut ng c (kW) :4 + Dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 + Trng lng my (kg) : 4060 + Kch thc my (mm) : 2380 x 2260 x 3710

Hnh 4.11. Sng phn loi [16]. 4.1.2.2. Chn h nghin mn v ry tng ng a) H nghin mn Chn my nghin loi LAM cs do hnh OCRIM ca sn xut Bng 4.6. Bng kt qu tnh ton cc h nghin mnH nghin QTK QTK Tn Nng sut N S GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m mn I II III IV V (Tn/ngy) 40,807 47,986 37,265 44,117 39,382 (T/h) 1,700 1,999 1,552 1,838 1,640

48 thit b LAM cs 600 LAM cs 600 LAM cs 600 LAM cs 600 LAM cs 600

Thit k nh my sn xut bt (T/h) 4,8 4,8 4,8 4,8 4,8 0,354 0,416 0,323 0,382 0,341 lng 1 1 1 1 1

- Cc thng s k thut nh sau: + Nng sut my (tn/h) + ng knh trc nghin (mm) + p lc trc nn (bar) + Tn s dng in s dng (Hz) + Cng sut ng c (kW) + Kch thc (mm) + Trng lng my (kg)

: 4,8 : 250 :6 : 50 : 37 : 1500 x 1330 x 1877 : 3350

Hnh 4.12. My nghin mn LAM CS [16]. b) Chn ry tng ng Chn ry phn loi trong h nghin mn nhn hiu BQG 63A do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. Ry c 6 ngn lm vic, nng sut mi ngn l 6,5 T/h. Mi h nghin mn ng vi 1 ngn lm vic. Bng 4.7. Bng kt qu tnh ton ry tng ngRy phn loi cho H nghin mn I H nghin mn II H nghin mn III QTK (tn/ngy) 40,807 47,986 37,265 QTK (T/h) 1,700 1,999 1,552 Nng sut 1 ngn (T/h) 6,5 6,5 6,5 N 0,261 0,307 0,238 S ngn 1 1 1


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m H nghin mn IV H nghin mn V 44,117 39,382

49 1,838 1,640

Thit k nh my sn xut bt 6,5 6,5 0,282 0,252 1 1

- Thng s k thut ca ry nh sau: + Nng sut mt ngn (T/h) + S ngn lm vic (ngn) + Tng din tch b mt ry (m2) + Cng sut ng c (kW) + Dng in s dng (Hz) + Trng lng my (kg) + Kch thc my (mm)

: 6,5 :6 : 55,26 :4 : 50 : 4060 : 2380 x 2260 x 3710

Hnh 4.11. Ry phn loi nghin mn [16]. 4.1.3. Cng oan p v, nghin v 4.1.3.1. My p v Nguyn liu sau khi ra khi h nghin th IV vn cn mt t v bm trn ht c tip tc a qua my p v nhm loi b v, thu lng bt ti a. Lng nguyn liu vo my p v l: 19,056 tn/ngy = 0,794 tn/h. Chn my p v loi SIG 360 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

Hnh 4.14. My p v SIG [16].

n cng ngh 2 m

50


- Thng s k thut ca thit b: + Nng sut thit b (tn/h) : 2,5 + ng knh trc (mm) : 314 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 2,2 + Tn s dng in (Hz) : 50 + Trng lng thit b (kg) : 350 + Kch thc my (mm) : 1173 x 532 x 1556 - S my cn s dng: N = 0,794/2,5 = 0,318. Chn 1 my. 4.1.3.2. H nghin v Nguyn liu sau khi qua cc h nghin th, mn, mt phn nguyn liu trn sng vn cn ni nh bm vo v, thu c phn ni nh cn st li ny ngi ta a phn khng lt sng t cc h nghin trc vo h nghin v. - Lng nguyn liu a qua h nghin v l: 31,125 tn/ngy = 1,297 T/h. - Chn my nghin v loi RMX 060 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.

Hnh 4.15. My nghin v RMX [16] GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- Thng s k thut ca my nghin v: + Nng sut my nghin (T/h) : 4,8 + ng knh trc nghin (mm) : 250 + Chiu di trc nghin (mm) : 600 + p lc trc nn (bar) :6 + Tn s dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 37 + Trng lng my (kg) : 2760 + Kch thc my (mm) : 1480 x 1430 x 1860 - S my nghin v cn s dng l: N = 1,297/4,8 = 0,270. Chn 1 my nghin v trong dy chuyn sn xut. 4.1.4. Chn sng gi v ry kim tra 4.1.4.1. Chn sng gi - Chn sng gi loi SDB 500 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. Bng 4.8. Bng tng kt tnh ton cc sng giTn cng on Sng gi N1 Sng gi N2 Sng gi N3 Sng gi N4 QTK (tn/ngy) 40,807 41,384 38,497 40,422 QTK (T/h) 1,700 1,724 1,604 1,684 Tn thit b SDB 500 SDB 500 SDB 500 SDB 500 QM (T/h) 3,6 3,6 3,6 3,6 N 0,472 0,479 0,445 0,468 S lng (thit b) 1 1 1 1


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

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- Thng s k thut ca sng: + Nng sut (T/h) : 3,6 2 + Din tch b mt sng (m ) : 5,3 + Dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 + Cng sut tiu hao (kW) : 0,75 + Lng khng kh tiu hao (m3/ph) : 40 55 + Trng lng my (kg) : 1140 + Kch thc my (mm) : 2755 x 1280 x 1600 4.1.4.2. Chn ry kim tra bt Bng 4.9. Bng kt qu tnh ton ry kim tra btTn thit b Ry KT bt loi 1 Ry KT bt loi 2 QTK (T/ngy) 91,423 70,849 QTK (T/h) 3,809 2,952 Tn thit b BMG 85 BMG 85 Nng sut (T/h) 6 6 N 0,635 0,492 S lng (thit b) 1 1

Chn ry kim tra bt loi BMG 85 ca sn xut - Thng s k thut ca ry nh sau: B mt li ph 1 lp kim loi khng g. + Nng sut (T/h) :6 + Tng din tch b mt ry (m2) : 2,93 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 1,1 + Dng in s dng (Hz) : 50 Hnh 5.16. Sng gi loi SDB 500 [16]. + Trng lng my (kg) : 600 + Kch thc my (mm) : 1320 x 1320 x 1540


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

Hnh 4.17. Ry kim tra bt BMG 85 [16].

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4.1.5. Chn my xoa cm Lng nguyn liu vo bng tng lng cm thu c trong qu trnh lm sch. QCm lm sch = 2,204 tn/ngy = 0,092 T/h. Chn my xoa cm kiu a gic FPK/N 360 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut vi cc thng s k thut sau: Nng sut (T/h) : 0,8 Cng sut t (kW) :3 Trng lng my (Kg) : 360 Kch thc (mm) : 1190 x 540 x 1750 S lng (thit b) : 01 (N = 0,115)

Hnh 4.18. My xoa cm kiu a gic [16]. 4.1.6. My dit trng su Trc khi em ng bao bt c cho qua cc thit b dit trng su (TBDTS) nhm tiu dit trng cn trng v su hi to iu kin thun li cho cng on bo qun sau ny. Chn 3 thit b dit trng su, trong 2 thit b t trc xilo cha bt v 1 thit b t trc xilo cha bt trc khi ng bao.GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Trong cng on bt vo xilo cha: QB1 = 83,6 tn/ngy = 3,483 tn/h v QB2 = 64,6 tn/ngy = 2,692 tn/h. Trong cng on bt qua xilo cha i vo ng bao: Q = 6,256 T/h. Chn thit b dit trng su IDA do hng OCRIM ca sn xut Bng 4.10. bng tnh ton thit b dit trng suTn thit b TBDTS bt loi 1 TBDTS bt loi 2 TBDTS trc ng bao QTK (T/h) 3,529 2,727 6,256 Tn thit b IDA 370 IDA 370 IDA 660 Nng sut (T/h) 3,9 3,9 8,8 N 0,905 0,699 0,711 S lng (thit b) 1 1 1

Hnh 4.19. Thit b dit trng su [16]. Thng s k thut ca thit b dit trng su IDA 370: Nng sut (T/h) : 3,9 Khi lng (kg) : 240 Cng sut t (kW) : 5,5 Kch thc (mm) : 1200 x 810 x 1396 Thng s k thut ca thit b dit trng su IDA 660: Nng sut (T/h) : 8,8 Khi lng (kg) : 760 Cng sut t (kW) : 15,0 Kch thc (mm) : 1645 x 1170 x 1746 4.1.7. Chn h thng cn ng bao bt thnh phm v cm Bng 4.11. Bng tng kt nng sut cn thit k ca my ng baoGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m STT 1 2 3 Thit b Cn ng bao bt loi 1 Cn ng bao bt loi 2 Cn ng bao cm

55


QTK (tn/ngy) 84,693 65,445 40,999

QTK (T/h) 3,529 2,727 1,708

-

S cn cn thit ng bao bt thnh phm l: n = QTK: Nng sut thit k, T/h QM: Nng sut my, T/h

QTK QM

Trong :

Bng 4.12. Bng kt qu tnh ton cho my ng bao Cng on Cn ng bao bt Cn ng bao cm QTK (T/h)3,529 1,708

Tn thit b DSS60 SINCO DSS60 SINCO

Nng sut (T/h) 6 6

N 0,58 8 0,28 5

S lng (Thit b) 1 1

Hnh 4.20. H thng cn ng bao [17]. Thng s ca cn ng bao bt thnh phm: + Chn cn ng bao t ng loi DSS60 SINCO do Vit Nam sn xut. + Thng s k thut: - Hin th kt qu bng k thut s v iu khin t ng. - in p, (V) : 220GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- Di cn, (kg) : 20 100 - p sut kh yu cu, (kg/cm2) : 5 - Nng sut (T/h) :6 - chnh xc (%) : 0,1 - Kch thc (mm) : 1614 x 1420 x 1700 4.1.8. Chn my nghin ba Sn phm chnh ca nh my sn xut bt m l bt loi 1 v bt loi 2, ngoi ra cn c cc sn phm ph nh cm, vCc sn phm ph ny c a vo my nghin ba nghin mn lm thc n cho gia sc tng hiu qu kinh t cho nh my. Lng nguyn liu vo my nghin ba l: 1,101 tn/ngy. V lng nguyn liu vo my nghin ba trong mt ngy t nn my nghin ba lm vic gin on khi lng nguyn liu tp trung nhiu th cho my lm vic. Chn 1 my nghin ba loi VN08TMS00151 do Vit Nam sn xut. - Thng s k thut may nghin ba: + Nng sut (T/h) :3-5 + Cng sut ng c (kW) : 55 + Khi lng (kg) : 1350 + Kch thc thit b (mm) : 1570 x 630 x 1450

4.2. Tnh v chn thit b ph4.2.1. Tnh v chn xil cha Chn xilo cha c dng hnh tr ng, ng knh Xilo D, ng knh ca thot d, y nn, gc nn . Th tch xilo cha c tnh theo cng thc sau:VT = QTK K D h

H

Trong : QTK: Nng sut cn thit k ca xilo cha, tn/ngy. : Trng lng ring:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht

hc SVTH: Mai Thi Th

n cng ngh 2 m

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La m : = 0,78 T/m3 Bt : = 0,65 T/m3 Bt cm : = 0,55 T/m3 K: H s cha y, chn K = 0,85. + Chiu cao ca phn y nn l hc, (m) : hc = 1/2 (D d).tg + Th tch phn chp nn ca xilo, (m3) + Chiu cao ca phn lng tr l h, (m) + Th tch ca phn tr ng (m3) + Chiu cao ton xilo cha (m) : Vc = 1/3. .(R2 + r2 + R.r).hc : h = (Vt - Vc)/ .R2 : V = .R2.h = Vt - Vc : H = h + hc

Bng 4.13. Bng cc thng s ban u ca xilo cha Loi xilo Xilo nguyn liu sau lm sch ln 1 Xilo m ln 1 Xilo m ln 2 Xilo bt thnh phm Xilo bt trc khi em ng bao Xilo cha ph phm Xilo cm Xilo cm trc khi em ng bao QTK S QTK mi (tn/ngy) lng xilo (T/N) 187,112 191,564 193,664 150,138 6,256 2,204 40,999 1,708 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 46,778 47,891 48,416 37,534 6,256 2,204 40,999 1,708 D (m) 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2 1,5 3 1,5 d (m) 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 Thi gian lu (h) 24 24 24 24 1 24 24 24

p dng cng thc trn ta c kt qu th tch v chiu cao ca cc xilo cha nh bng sau:GVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Bng 4.14. Bng kt qu tnh ton th tch v chiu cao ca cc xilo chaCc xilo cha Xilo cha nguyn liu sau lm sch 1 Xilo m ln 1 Xilo m ln 2 Xilo cha bt thnh phm Xilo cha bt trc khi ng bao Xilo cha ph phm Xilo cha cm Xilo cha cm trc khi em ng bao VT,m3 70,555 72,234 73,026 67,935 11,323 4,714 87,698 3,653

,045 60 60 45 60 60 60 60

hc,m 1,1 1,905 1,905 1,1 1,559 1,26 2,338 1,26

Vc,m3 2,041 3,535 3,535 2,041 1,811 0,763 6,112 0,763

h,m 13,982 14,002 14,164 13,430 3 2,237 11,548 1,636

H,m 15,082 15,907 16,068 14,530 4,559 3,497 13,886 2,896

Chn 16 17 17 15 5 4 14 3

4.2.2. Tnh v chn cc thit b vn chuyn Tnh v chn gu ti cho cng on lm sch, chun b ht trc khi nghin v cng on nghin. - Chn nng sut ca gu ti da vo nng sut ca nguyn liu ban u. * Tng s gu ti s dng trong nh my l 7 trong c 5 gu ti c s dng trong cng on lm sch, 1 gu ti dng vn chuyn ph phm i nghin v 1 gu ti vn chuyn cm i ng bao. - Chn gu ti loi ETS 1A do hng OCRIM ca sn xut. - Nng sut theo thit k: QTK = 190 tn/ngy = 7,917 T/h. - Nng sut gu ti: + Vn chuyn ht: 25 T/h + Vn chuyn bt: 13,5 T/h + Vn chuyn cm: 5,5 T/hGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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- Kch thc ca gu ti (mm) u gu ti : (970 x 417 x 832) Chn gu ti : (585 x 242 x 765) 2) Tnh cng sut ca gu ti Cng sut cn thit ca ng c truyn ng cho gu ti dng bng c tnh theo cng thc: Nc =Q H 367

- Trong : Q: Nng sut ca gu ti, T/h H: Chiu cao nng ca gu ti, m : Hiu sut ca gu ti (k c hiu sut truyn ng) V H < 30 nn chn = 0,7 + Cng sut ca gu ti vn chuyn nguyn liu ht ln i lm sch. - Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn nguyn liu ht ban u: H = 26 mN H 19 = 25 19 367 0,7 25 26 367 0,7

= 2,335 kW

- Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn ht i sng tp cht ln 2: H = 26 mN H 22 =

= 2,53 kW

- Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn ht i gia m ln 1 v gia m ln 2: H = 27 mN H 22 = 25 27 367 0,7

= 2,627 kW

- Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn ht i xt v: H = 25 mN H 20 = 25 25 367 0,7

=2,433 kW

-

Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn ph phm i lm cm: H = 20 m.N B 20 = 13 ,5 26 367 0,7

=1,366 kW

-

Chiu cao gu ti vn chuyn cm i ng bao: H = 18 m.N B10 = 13 ,5 10 =0,946 367 0,7

kW

Tng cng sut ca cc gu ti dng trong phn xng sn xut. Ngt = NH19 + NH22 x 3 + NH20 x 2 + NB20 + NB10 = 2,335 + 2,53 + (2,627 x 2) + 2,433 + 1,366 + 0,946 = 14,8644 kW 4.2.2.2. Vt tiGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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Dng vn chuyn nguyn liu vo v ra cc xil cha khu lm sch, vn chuyn bn thnh phm vo sng kim tra y ta s dng vt ti nm ngang. Nng sut thit k (da vo lng nguyn liu ban u) QTK = 7,917 T/h. A Chn loi vt ti SCT 200 do hng OCRIM ca sn xut.

Hnh 4.23. Vt ti [16]. - Thng s k thut ca vt ti: + Nng sut vt ti (T/h) : 11,4 16,3 + ng knh vt ti (mm) : 200 + Kch thc (A x B x C) (mm) : 225 x 310 x 320 4.2.2.3. Bng ti Dng vn chuyn cc bao bt t ni ng bao ra ngoi hoc vo kho cha. Chn bng ti c nhn hiu BTM-200 do cng ty c kh Vina Nha Trang ca Vit Nam sn xut vi cc thng s k thut sau: + Nng sut (m3/h) :57 + Cng sut lp t : 1 Hp/5 mt chiu di + Kch thc ty theo yu cu vn chuyn.

Hnh 4.24. Bng ti 4.2.2.4. H thng vn chuyn kh lc Chn h thng vn chuyn kh lc qua tham kho thc t cng ngh v thit b vn chuyn kh lc ti nh my bt m Vit vi nng sut 264 tn/ngy, c cc thng s sau: - My vn chuyn bt loi I n xil cha: + K hiu: BL301 + Nng sut: 9 T/h + Cng sut ng c: 32 kW + p sut thi: 1,01 barGVHD: TS. ng Minh Nht SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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+ p sut an ton: 15 bar + Cng sut hi: 797 m3/h - My vn chuyn bt loi II n xil cha: + K hiu: BL302 + Nng sut: 3,5 T/h + Cng sut ng c: 11 kW + p sut thi: 1,01 bar + p sut an ton: 14 bar + Cng sut hi: 384 m3/h - My vn chuyn cm n xil cha: + K hiu: BL303 + Nng sut: 1 2,5 T/h + Cng sut ng c: 9 kW + p sut thi: 1,01 bar + p sut an ton: 12 bar + Cng sut hi: 600 m3/h - My vn chuyn bt n xil ng bao: + K hiu: BL304 + Nng sut: 20 T/h + Cng sut ng c: 36 kW + p sut thi: 1,01 bar + p sut an ton: 16 bar + p sut hi: 10 20 m3/h trn vi 20 tn bt m 4.2.2.5. H thng lc bi (Cyclone v h thng lc ti) Ti mi cng on lm sch, nghin sng u to bi. Cc bi ny c a vo h thng lc bi nhm m bo thu nhn trit lng sn phm b ht theo dng khng kh, ng thi hn ch nhim mi trng, dng kh sau khi qua h thng lc bi m bo yu cu khng kh sch c thi ra ngoi mi. Lng bt trong h thng lc ti c ra ngoi nh h thng cnh qut xoay trong thit b. Dng - H thng cyclone: Khng kh ra Dng khng Chn loi cyclone CLD ca+ sn xut. kh snphm vo

GVHD: TS. ng Minh NhtSn phm ra

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Hnh 4.25. Cyclone [16].

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- Thng s k thut ca cyclone Chn cyclone loi CLD 2 + ng knh cyclone A : 400 mm + ng knh ca thot kh B : 160 mm + Chiu cao = C + D = 610 + 310 = 920 mm + Lng khng kh: Min: 20 m3/pht Max: 25 m3/pht + Trng lng cyclone: 26 kg - H thng lc bi dng ti: Nng sut lc theo yu cu (t 95%) Kh nng lc vi hiu qu cao cho cc dng bi c kch c ln hn 0,3 mm Ti vi c th tho lp d dng. Bng 4.15. Bng tng kt cc thit b chnh s dng trong nh mySTT

Tn thit b Cn t ng Lu lng k Nam chm Nam chm Sng tp cht I,II Knh qut ht Knh quat hut My tch My chn ht My gia m ln1,2 My xt v H nghin th I, III, IV, V H nghin th II Sng PL th I H nghin mn

Kiu my WGB 120 FIB 025 MSC 15 MSC 10 SPR 07N TRR 07B TRC 07R TSV 060 CSA UN 407/2 SCV 35C SIG 3013 RMQ 080 RMQ 125 BQG 63A LAM cs 600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Nng sut (T/h) 14 0,25 25 18 5 9 9 9 4 4 13 14

Kch thc (DxRxC) 850 x 850 x 1595 470 x 380 x 815 D = 275, H = 680 D = 220, H = 570 2158 x 1232 x 2143 1060 x 780 x 2600 1560 x 1010 x 3190 1220 x 790 x 1400 2160 x 950 x 2950 1245 x 650 x 2645 2093 x 700 x 1703 1700 x 1505 x 2440 2150 x 1250 x 2440 2380 x 2260 x 3710 1500 x 1330 x 1877

Khi lng (kg)

SL 6 9 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 5

320 60 70 45 640 380 675 150 2180 520 560 6465 7750 4060 3350

4,8 7,5 6,5 4,8


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n cng ngh 2 m16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26I, II, III, IV, V Ry PL mn I My p v My nghin v Sng gi N1, N2, N3, N4 Ry KT bt loi 1,2 May xoa cam TBDTS bt loai 1,2 TBDTS ong bao Cn ng bao bt Cn ng bao cm My nghin ba

63


BQG 63A SIG 360 RMX 060 SDB 500 BMG 85 FPK/N 360 IDA 370 IDA 370 DSS60 SINCO DSS60 SINCO VN08TMS151

6,5 2,5 4,8 3,6 6 0,8 3,9 8,8 6 6 3-5

2380 x 2260 x 3710 1173 x 532 x 1556 1480 x 1430 x 1860 2755 x 1280 x 1600 1320 x 1320 x 1540 1190 x 540 x 1750 1200 x 810 x 1396 1645 x 1170 x 1746 1614 x 1420 x 1700 1614 x 1420 x 1700 1570 x 630 x 1450

4060 350 2760 1140 600 360 240 760 1350

1 1 1 4 2 1 2 1 1 1 1

TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Gs, Ts Nguyn Bin, Pgs, Pts Nguyn Vn i, Pts L Nguyn Dng, Ks Long Thanh Hng, Pts inh Vn Hunh (1992), S tay Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha cht tp I, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, H Ni. 2. Gs, Ts Nguyn Bin, Pgs, Pts Nguyn Vn i, Pts L Nguyn Dng, Ks Long Thanh Hng, Pts inh Vn Hunh, Pgs, Pts Hunh Trng Khung, Pts Phan Vn Thm, Pts Phm Xun Ton, Pts Trn Xoa (1999), S tay Qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha cht tp II, NXB Khoa hc v K thut, H Ni. 3. Gs Trn Ngc Chn (1998), K thut thng gi, NXB xy dng, H Ni. 4. Nguyn Vn t, Ng Vn Tm (1974), Phn tch lng thc thc phm, B lng thc thc phm. 5. TS. Trng Th Minh Hnh (2007), Gio n mn hc thit b thc phm, Trng i hc Bch Khoa Nng.


SVTH: Mai Thi Th

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6. Bi c Hi, L Hng Khanh, Mai Vn L, L Th Cc, Hong Th ngc Chu, L Ngc T, Lng Hng Nga (2006), K thut ch bin lng thc tp 1, NXB Khoa hc v K thut. 7. Bi c Hi, L Hng Khanh, Mai Vn L, L Th Cc, Hong Th ngc Chu, L Ngc T, Lng Hng Nga (2006), K thut ch bin lng thc tp 2, NXB Khoa hc v K thut. 8. TSKH L Vn Hong (1991), Nghin cu - ng dng v trin khai cc qu trnh cng ngh sau thu hoch, NXB Nng. 9. Nguyn Th L Thoa (2010), Bi ging cng ngh ch bin lng thc, Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa Nng. 10. Ts Nguyn Th (1991), K thut v cng ngh sy cc sn phm thc phm, NXB Nng. 11. Trn Thc (2005), Gio trnh bo qun thc phm, Trng Cao ng Lng Thc Thc Phm. 12. Trn Th Truyn (2006), C s thit k nh my, Trng ai Hoc Bach Khoa Nng. 13. L Ngc T, Bi c Hi, Lu Dun, Ng Hu Hp, ng Th Thu, Nguyn Trng Cn (1999), Ha hc thc phm, NXB Khoa hc v K thut. 14. L Ngc T (ch bin), (2000), Ho sinh cng nghip, NXB Khoa hc K thut. 15. Tiu chun quc gia. TCVN 6095 : 2008. Hat hua mi (Triticum Aestivum L) cac yu cu. 16. www.ocrim.com Ngy 10/10/2010 17. www.sinco.com.vn/sinco.php?act=plant&id=1 Ngy 9/10/2010 18. thv.vn/vn/Detail/?ID=2485&tn=P Ngy xem 15/10/2010 19.http://www.techmart.cesti.gov.vn/DetailSell.asp? ProductID=VN08TMS00151&PageIndex=1 Ngy xem 28/10/2010


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