Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal Environment and Health Welfare...
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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Animal Environment and Health www.slu.se Welfare Indicators for Geese Linda Keeling Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
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Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Welfare Indicators for Geese
Linda Keeling
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Animal welfare is a characteristic of the individual animal
”The welfare of an individual is its state as
regards its attempts to cope with its environment” (Broom 1986)
”Welfare is all about how an animal feels” (Duncan 1993)
Indicators of animal welfare should reflect the state of the animal
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Welfare outcome indicators
The input based approach to welfare assessment
The outcome based approach to welfare assessment
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
The Five Freedoms (FAWC)
Freedom from fear and distress
Freedom from hunger and thirst
Freedom from discomfort
Freedomfrom pain, injury
or disease
Freedom to express
normal behaviour
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
The Five Freedoms
Freedom from fear and distress
Freedom from hunger and thirst
Freedom from discomfort
Freedomfrom pain, injury
or disease
Freedom to express
normal behaviour
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Good housing
Good
feeding
Appropriate
behaviourGood
health
Expressing social behaviour
Good human-animal relationship
Expressing other behaviour
Thirst
Thermal comfort
Comfort around resting
Ease of movement
No disease
Positive emotional state
Hunger
No injuries
No painful management procedures
Welfare
Quality
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se12 criteria of animal welfare from Welfare Quality
Good housing
Good
feeding
Appropriate
behaviourGood
health
Expressing social behaviour
Good human-animal relationship
Expressing other behaviour
Thirst
Thermal comfort
Comfort around resting
Ease of movement
No disease
No painful management procedures
No fear
No injuries
Body condition Outcome measure
Hunger
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se12 criteria of animal welfare from Welfare Quality
Good housing
Good
feeding
Appropriate
behaviourGood
health
Expressing social behaviour
Good human-animal relationship
Expressing other behaviour
Thirst
Thermal comfort
Comfort around resting
Ease of movement
No disease
No painful management procedures
No fear
Hunger
No injuries
• Hairless patches• Lesions (wounds, scabs)• Swellings• Lameness
Positiveemotional state
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Welfare indicators should be….
• Valid• Reliable
– Can be recorded by different people– Can be recorded by same person on different occasions– Are not affected by time of day or weather etc
• Feasible, if going to be used in commercial practice
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Good welfare
Poor welfare
No indicators of poor welfare
Many indicators of poor welfare
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Good welfare
Poor welfare
No indicators of poor welfare
Occasional indicator of poor welfare
Many indicators of poor welfare
Some indicators of poor welfare
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Assessing overall welfare
(on a farm)
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Assessing overall welfare
(on a farm)
vs
Assessing welfare in a specific situation
(feather collection)
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Good housing
Good
feeding
Appropriate
behaviourGood
health
Expressing social behaviour
Good human-animal relationship
Expressing other behaviour
Thirst
Thermal comfort
Comfort around resting
Ease of movement
No disease
Positive emotional state
Hunger
No injuries
No painful management procedures
Welfare
QualityX
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Good housing
Good
feeding
Appropriate
behaviourGood
health
Expressing social behaviour
Good human-animal relationship
Expressing other behaviour
Thirst
Thermal comfort
Comfort around resting
Ease of movement
No disease
Positive emotional state
Hunger
No injuries
No painful management procedures
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
EFSA
• Working group identified a series of potential welfare outcome indicators for geese
• Discussed potential indicators with hearing experts
• Classified them into short, medium and long term indicators
Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Animal Environment and Health
www.slu.se
Timing of the collection of the welfare indicators
Starting to catch
Removing feathers
Minutes after release
Day after
Week after
• Stress • Stress hormones• Heart rate• Fear defecation
Potential welfare indicators for geese
• Stress • Stress hormones• Heart rate• Fear defecation
Could be difficult in commercial practice
Potential welfare indicators for geese
Potential welfare indicators for geese
• Stress• Disorientation • Lack of balance
• Falling over• Bumping into objects
Could be difficult to score
• Stress• Disorientation• Hanging wings Inappropriate feathers
removed
Count number of birds – ideal is zero
Potential welfare indicators for geese
• Stress• Disorientation• Hanging wings• Dislocation• Broken bones• Dead animals Count number of birds
Potential welfare indicators for geese
• Stress• Disorientation• Hanging wings• Dislocation• Broken bones• Dead animals• Skin injuries
Count number of birds with wounds The number of wounds per bird Classify wounds according to size or severity
Potential welfare indicators for geese
Timing of the collection of the welfare indicators
Starting to catch
Removing feathers
Minutes after release
Day after
Week after
Hanging wingsSkin injuries
Larger skin injuries, dislocated and broken bones
Timing of the collection of the welfare indicators
Starting to catch
Removing feathers
Minutes after release
Day after
Week after
Hanging wingsSkin injuries
Larger skin injuries, dislocated and broken bones
Wrong type of feathersBlood on the feathers
Welfare Indicators for geese
• They exist
Welfare Indicators for geese
• They exist
• They can be used at the time feathers removed or for a period of time afterwards
Welfare Indicators for geese
• They exist
• They can be used at the time feathers removed or for a period of time afterwards
• Some are similar to those currently used in other farm animals (potentially as valid and reliable)
Welfare Indicators for geese
• They exist
• They can be used at the time feathers removed or for a period of time afterwards
• Some are similar to those currently used in other farm animals (potentially as valid and reliable)
• Allow quantification of the consequences of the process on the animal
Welfare Indicators for geese
• They exist
• They can be used at the time feathers removed or for a period of time afterwards
• Some are similar to those currently used in other farm animals (potentially as valid and reliable)
• Allow quantification of the consequences of the process on the animal
• It is an ethical decision of where thresholds of acceptability lie
