Swedish marine spatial

plans and environmental

assessment

Jan Schmidtbauer Crona

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VISION 4/21/2017 2

THE

ECOSYSTEM

APPROACH

Sustainable

Development

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WHY the Ecosystem

approach?

• Included in Convention of Biological Diversity, Malawi principles – Global Environmental Policy

• Included in the Marine Strategy Framework Directive

• Included in the Maritime Spatial Planning Directive

• HELCOM/VASAB guidelines on Ecosystem-Based Approach in MSP

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It’s a cake!

Not a cookie!

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What in general

The Ecosystem Approach is a strategy for the integrated

management of land, water and living resources that promotes

conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way, with the

aim to ensure that human use of ecosystems is kept within the

limits of ecosystems’ capacity to regenerate with regard to their

structure, dynamics and function.

Rooted in 12 principles (The “Malawi principles”) – CBD

1998

The Ecosystem Approach 4/21/2017 6

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How in general The application of the Ecosystem Approach entails a holistic systems perspective on marine ecosystem and its interaction with human activities, adoption of the precautionary approach and adaptive management.

It demands a continuous development of knowledge on ecosystems and their use, mapping and assessment of ecosystem services and the values they provide as well as horizontal and vertical participation and cooperation between planners, researchers and sea use sectors.

Rooted in 12 principles (The “Malawi principles”) – CBD 1998

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What in MSP The Ecosystem Approach in MSP is a holistic approach with focus on:

• preserving/restoring (structure and functioning of) marine ecosystems;

• maintaining ecosystem services to support human needs;

• providing spatial solutions for management of human activities in a way that is compatible with achievement of good environmental status and the capacity of marine ecosystems to respond to human-induced changes.

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It is considered in the planning process

through:

Adaptations in planning process through:

• Best Knowledge and Practice

• Precaution

• Alternative development

• Identification of ecosystem

services

• Mitigation

• Relational Understanding

• Participation and

Communication

• Subsidiarity and Coherence

• Adaptation

And integrated assessments

Strategic Environmental

Assessment (SEA) which

links to Environmental Impact

Assessments (EIA)-for projects

Socio-economic assessment

including identification and

evaluation of Ecosystem Services

How in MSP

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The Baltic

Sea Region 4/21/2017 10

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Strong

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Togehter

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Environment

MSP workinggroup Planning

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Cooperation

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Committment

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MSP-roadmap 2013-2020

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Guidelines

Ecosystem-based

approach in MSP 4/21/2017 17

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Ecosystem

Approach

Checklist

Toolbox 4/21/2017 18

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Three

Checklists

Simple

Implement the

Ecosystem Approach 4/21/2017 19

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1. THE

GENERAL

ECOSYSTEM

APPROACH

CHECKLIST

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2. THE

PLANNING

SUPPORT

CHECKLIST

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3. THE

SEA

CHECKLIST

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So just use the

checklists

and:

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Groove is in the

GES

Ecosystem

Services

Blue

Economy

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INTEGRATION

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Current status

Road Map

Planning

Swedish MSP- process

Plan proposals

to Government

Dialogue Consultation Consultation

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

SEA

Plan-

propos

al

SEA

Plan-

propos

al

SEA-draft

Draft-Plan

proposals

Dialogue Consultation

SEA

Plan-

propos

al

SEA

Plan-

propos

al

SEA

Plan

proposals

Meeting with

neighbouring countries

2nd week May 2017

ESPO-notification dec -2015 ESPO-consultation 2017/2018

First draft plan for

the Baltic Proper

Dialog version

1st December 2016

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MSP as a complement to MPA • Critical to reach GES

• Avoiding negative impacts on priority areas

• Minimizing negative effects on supporting green infrastructure

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Continuous development of knowledge

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SEA of the first draft MSP

Marine ecology

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Impacts on

ecosystem

services

Nuvarande status

EkosystemtjänstÖstersjön

Relevanta

intressenNollalternativ Havsplan

S1: Biogeokemiska kretslopp Måttlig I L O Q R L ?

S2: Primärproduktion Måttlig C J L L ?

S3: Näringsväv Dålig A B C L P L ?

S4: Biologisk mångfald Måttlig A L L

S5: Livsmiljö Dålig C D I O P Q R L L

S6: Resiliens Måttlig A C D I L L

R1: Luft- och klimatreglering Måttlig I N Q L L

R2: Sedimentkvarhållning Måttlig C O Q L L

R3: Reglering av övergödning Måttlig E J Q L L

R4: Biologisk reglering Måttlig A C D J L L

R5: Reglering av giftiga ämnen Måttlig D E J O Q L L

P1: Livsmedel Dålig A E L L

P2: Råvaror Måttlig C E L L

P3: Genetiska resurser God A C D L L

P4: Resurser för läkemedel-

kemi- och bioteknologiindustrinGod A C D E

L L

P5: Utsmyckningar God D E U X L L

P6: Energi God C D E L L

C1: Rekreation Måttlig X L L

C2: Estetiska värden Måttlig A B G M S Q X L L

C3: Vetenskap och utbildning God - - -

C4: Kulturarv Måttlig I T L L

C5: Inspiration God S T U X Y L L

C6: Naturarv Måttlig G T X L L

Förväntad konsekvens

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Symphony supports the

Ecosystem Approach in

Swedish MSP

• We want to compare the environmental

impact of different plan alternatives

• Cumulative impact is what matters

• We develop a tool called Symphony

• Symphony is based on a scientifically

established method (Halpern et al 2008)

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How Symphony works

Maps of ecosystem

components 1 Maps of marine

pressures 2 Sensitivity matrix

based on experts 3 Baseline

results 4

Link pressures

to maritime plan 5 Results for plan

iteration 6

A more sustainable

marine plan 7 4/21/2017 33

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Work in progress

• Sustianability assessment MCA Multi Criteria

Analysis- goals fulfilment study –WSP support

• Climate report – WSP and SMHI

• Climat refuges – Need for MPA –GU

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Johan Rockström and Pavan Sukhdev, SRC 4/21/2017 35

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Baltic SCOPE reports available TODAY on

www.balticscope.eu

Thank You 4/21/2017 37