SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT & PROCESS DEVELOPMENT ISQA 511 Dr. Mellie Pullman 1.
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Transcript of SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT & PROCESS DEVELOPMENT ISQA 511 Dr. Mellie Pullman 1.
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Sustainability Product and Process Protocols and Frameworks
1970s & 1980s• Pollution Control• Pollution
Prevention
1990s• Eco-Efficiency• Design for
Environment• The Natural Step• Industrial Ecology
2000s• Cradle to Cradle• Life Cycle Analysis• Biomimicry
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Design for…
Manufacturing and Assembly
Disassembly Recycle Reuse
Logistics Or Design for
Sustainable Supply Chain Management
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Sustainable Design & Supply Chain Aspects of sustainability can pervade all design
activities affecting the product during its life time: Social, economic, and environmental aspects of
Raw materials Production Packaging Transportation Redistribution Disassembly Recycling
Measures (Carbon Footprint, LCA, energy, water, etc.) and Methods (EQFD)
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Internal competition to reduce unnecessary air in their product packaging to lower logistics cost and increase efficiency in transportation and warehouse
Example: Ikea’s Air Hunting CompetitionGlimma tea candle
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Design for Environment Flow and Support Tools
DfE Project Development*
Project Concept
Development (QFDE Tool)
Conceptual Design
Qualitative design review
on sustainability
aspects
Design Detail
Quantitative design review
on sustainability
(LCA)
Production
* Initially, a philosophy or framework may create
guiding principles such as C2C or Natural Step
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Cradle to Cradle Philosophy
Biological
plants
animals
decomposes
soil nutrients
Technical
Manufacturing &Assembly
Product
Customer Use
Materials
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Environmental Quality Function Deployment
Quality Function Deployment is a product development tool that comes out of Japan (House of Quality) Typically used to optimally meet customer needs Converts their needs (CN) to measurable engineering
characteristics/metrics (EC/EMs) Targets are then set for EC/EMs Second stage translates the EC/EMs to specific
components parts and design features. (third and forth stage sets up manufacturing process and production process)
EQFD accounts for environmental needs and characteristics
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Why use this tool?
Team approach: pulls designers, marketing, engineers, and process development people together to look at the impact of their decisions on the final product,
Systematic: considers environmental impact of design choices & alternatives in an orderly way,
Sequential development: customer & environmental needs are considered up front and trickle through system, Customer & environment needs, engineering
metrics, components, manufacturing process, & production process.
Proven track record of success with new product development.
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Fundamental Design Objectives Maximize customer satisfaction (using
customer and other stakeholders) What are the customers needs for the
product both functionally and environmentally?
Minimize cost of use Minimize environmental impacts
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Sample of Environmental Needs and Engineering Metrics
Environmental Needs
Less material usage Less energy & water consumption Easy to transport and store Easy to process and assemble High durability Easy to reuse Easy to disassemble & sort Easy to maintain Easy to compact Safe to incinerate Easy to dispose of or safe to landfill Harmless to biosphere Safe emissions
Environmental Engineering Metrics
Weight Volume Number of parts Variety of materials Likelihood of getting dirty or
oxidizing Hardness Physical lifetime Energy consumption Rate of recycled material Sensory impact (noise, visual, etc.) Emissions mass (air, water, soil) Biodegradability Material Toxicity
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Class Demonstration of EQFD
EU direction requires EuPs to incorporate life-cycle-based environmental considerations into product development process
Other criteria that you should consider?
EuP: Energy Using Products Green Product Design for Hairdryer
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Life Cycle Analysis ScopeExtracti
ng & processing raw
materials
Manufacturing
Packaging
Transportation &
Distribution
Useful life, maintenance & reuse
Recycling
Disposal at end of life
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Voice of Customer issues
Dries quickly Quiet Comfortable to hold Less energy
consumption Operates easily Reliable Portlable
Easy to disassemble
Easy to smash Easy to sort Easy to recycle Safe to incinerate Safe to landfill
Typical Needs (pick 3) Needs related to Environment (pick 3)
Rate the importance of each on a scale of 1-5 for your 6 items
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Row #
Visual Weight
influence
Relativ
e Weigh
t
Custome
r Importance
Maximum Importanc
e
Engineering
Metrics
Customer Needs or Requirements
1 ||||||| 0.16 5 5 Dries quickly
2 |||||| 0.13 4 Quiet
3 |||||| 0.13 4 Comfortable to Hold
4 |||| 0.09 3 Less Energy Consumption
5 ||||||| 0.16 5 Easy to Dissesemble
6 |||| 0.09 3 Easy to Smash
7 ||||||| 0.16 5 Easy to sort
8 |||| 0.09 3 Easy to Recycle
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Engineering Metrics for producers & environmental view
Air flow Air temperature Weight Hardness Physical lifetime Number of parts
Rate of recyclable materials
Rate of standardized components
Number of materials Amount of energy
consumed Biodegrability Toxicity of Materials
Hair dryer EMs(pick 3)Environmental EMs(pick 3)
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Engineering Metric
s
Air Flow
Air temperature
Weight
Number of
parts
number of
material
s
hardness
physical lifetime
amount of
energy
consume
d
rate of
recycled material
s
Customer Needs or Requirements
Dries quickly 9 9 9
Quiet 9 9
Comfortable to Hold 9 3
Less Energy Consumption 9 9 9
Easy to Dissesemble 3 1 9 9
Easy to Smash 1 1 9 9
Easy to sort
Easy to Recycle
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Looking at your weight-importance scores
What is more important measurement? What should the producer focus on here?