Sustainable Mining in Europe – The Nordic experienceSustainable Mining in Europe – The Nordic...
Transcript of Sustainable Mining in Europe – The Nordic experienceSustainable Mining in Europe – The Nordic...
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Sustainable Mining in Europe –
The Nordic experience
Lars-Åke Lindahl
SveMin
(Swedish Association of mines, mineral and metal producers)
Non-energy mining industry in EuropeBucharest, 15 May 2008
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Outline
• Introduction• The three pillars of sustainable
development/sustainable mining– Economic– Social– Ecology/Environment
• Concluding comments
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Explorationaccess to land
Competence Treatieswith unions
Metalprod.issues
Health & Safety
EU-monitoring
Energy Environment
Swedish Association of Mines, Mineral and Metal Producers
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The three pillars of Sustainable development
• Economic
• Social
• Ecology/Environment
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Source: SGU
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Source: SGU
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2nd (Poland)
12.4 %86.7 KtCopper
2nd (Ireland)
30.8 %55.6 KtLead
2nd (Ireland)
25.4 %210 KtZinc
1st2nd
(Poland)
32.8 %16.9 %
6.8 t292 t
GoldSilver
1st89.6 %23.3 MtIron
PlacePart of EU production
ProductionMetal
Swedish mine production 2006
Source: SGU (Swedish Geological Survey)
Iron
Sulphide
Gold
Industrial Minerals
Operating
Planned
Mines in Sweden
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KIRUNA MINE (LKAB)
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Automated drillrig, Kiruna mine
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Remote Controlled Electrical Loader,
Kiruna mine
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THE AITIK MINE (Boliden)
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Source: SGU
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Source: SGU
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The three pillars of Sustainable development
• Economic
• Social
• Ecology/Environment
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Occupational AccidentsLost Day Injury Frequency Rate 1988-2007
Swedish Mining and Mineral Industry (all employees)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
No.
per
1 m
illio
n w
orke
d ho
urs Under ground
SurfaceTotal
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Mining Industry is important in Sweden
• Offers employment in regions with few other major employers
• Growth engine in rural areas• Sector with highest future potential
according to government report (in these areas)
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Employment the base for social development!
• 1 job in the mine brings 3-4 related jobs (contractors, suppliers, services)
• Base for local community services (schools, health care etc), culture and other important social factors
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The three pillars of Sustainable development
• Economic
• Social
• Ecology/Environment
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Legislation
• EU Directives and regulations
• Minerals Act - Approval by Mining Inspector
Exploration permitMining permit (Concession)
• Environmental Code
• Permit with conditions by the Environmental court
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Voluntary initiatives
• Ethical rules for members of SveMin• Guidelines for exploration• Dam safety guidelines• International Cyanide Code
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Total emissions from Boliden Swedish Mines
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
År
Metaller till vatten (Cu+Pb+Zn) ton/år
Stoft till luft (Cu+Pb+Zn) ton/årWaterCu, Pb, Zn
Air, Cu, Pb, Zn
Ton/Year
Year
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Below 0.10
0.10 - 0.20
0.20 - 0.30
0.30 - 0.40
0.40 - 0.50
0.50 - 0.60
0.60 - 0.80
0.80 - 1.20
Above 1.20
Cd (µg/g mossa torrvikt) 1975
Below 0.10
0.10 - 0.20
0.20 - 0.30
0.30 - 0.40
0.40 - 0.50
0.50 - 0.60
0.60 - 0.80
0.80 - 1.20
Above 1.20
Cd (µg/g mossa torrvikt) 1985
Below 0.10
0.10 - 0.20
0.20 - 0.30
0.30 - 0.40
0.40 - 0.50
0.50 - 0.60
0.60 - 0.80
0.80 - 1.20
Above 1.20
Cd (µg/g mossa torrvikt) 1995
Cd (µg/g moss dry weight)
1975 19951985
Source: IVL
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Sulphidic tailings before and after initiation of weathering
Non-oxidisedtailings
Oxidisedtailings
Conclusion: Avoid oxidation in all stages!
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Stekenjokk – rehabilitated minesite
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The Saxberget Decommissioning
Application of protective cover
Cover completed
Grass cover established
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Gold leaching
• Several new plants• Applies international “Cyanide Code”• Closed systems • De-tox (e.g. INCO air/SO2 process)• Emissions well below EU-requirements
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The way to success
• Dialogue and confidence• Agree on problems• Authorities to set the targets in dialogue
with operators and give realistic time frames (the ”What?” and ”When?”)
• Industry to develop the technical solutions (the ”How?”)
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The situation today
• Generally low emissions during operation• Technologies exist for safe mine closure
Main impact when something goes wrong …
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Shift in Focus towards
• Land use & Biodiversity• Energy consumption• Waste management, long term• Environmental Management Systems• Risk Management (Dam safety,
chemicals)
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Sustainable Mining in Sweden
Economic
• Global need of ores/metals today and in the future
• Sweden has geological potential
• Attracts international investments
• Competitive and profitable industry
• Significant contribution to regional/national economy
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Sustainable Mining in Sweden
Social
• Accident rates reduced dramatically, continued efforts
• In many regions, mining is driving local and regional development
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Sustainable Mining in Sweden
Environmental
• Swedish mining industry is proactive and meets high environmental standards
• It is possible to combine mining with a high level of environmental protection and nature conservation (e.g. approval of mining close to Natura 2000)
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Welcome to ”Securing the Future” and the 8thICARDSkellefteå, Sweden, 22 - 26 June 2009
www.securing.skelleftea.se
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Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!