SustainableSustainable Energy Energy

Setting Goals and Setting Goals and Attaining ThemAttaining Them

The Target

Apply Newton’s Laws

And Build a DeviceDeclare a Goal and

Commit to it!

Key Message

• Choices now exist for both large scale and small scale implementation

• Barriers are:– Initial/Capital Costs– Lack of Leadership– Implicit/Explicit belief that fossil energy remains

abundant– NIMBY Land Use Issues

Wind Energy

Solar Energy

Oceanic Mechanical Energy

Oceanic Thermal Energy

Geothermal Potential

400 Million Gallons Per Day

Transmission Lines

Use Hydrogen as a Proxy for Transmission

Evaluate OptionsEvaluate Options

Capital Cost ($ per Megawatt)Capital Cost ($ per Megawatt) Levelized Costs (lifetime of facility)Levelized Costs (lifetime of facility) Amount of Land UsedAmount of Land Used Amount of Material UsedAmount of Material Used Greenhouse Gas Emission ReductionsGreenhouse Gas Emission Reductions Scalability of TechnologyScalability of Technology

Achieve Realistic GoalsAchieve Realistic Goals 30% Annual US Electrical Demand met by 30% Annual US Electrical Demand met by

Wind Power by 2030 (100,000 Turbine Wind Power by 2030 (100,000 Turbine Project)Project)

50% of Daytime American Southwest 50% of Daytime American Southwest Electrical Demand with CSP/PV rooftop Electrical Demand with CSP/PV rooftop arrays by 2025arrays by 2025

20% of extant cropland for Switch grass 20% of extant cropland for Switch grass @50MPG = ½ of our fuel consumption by @50MPG = ½ of our fuel consumption by 20202020

Worldwide conversion to OTEC +Hydrogen Worldwide conversion to OTEC +Hydrogen by 2075by 2075

ConclusionConclusion

A NASA like effort is needed to reach A NASA like effort is needed to reach these goalsthese goals

Without such an effort, Alternative Without such an effort, Alternative Energy will remain a niche MarketEnergy will remain a niche Market

We can’t suddenly switch from We can’t suddenly switch from Fossils to Renewables Fossils to Renewables 30 year 30 year transition time is neededtransition time is needed

Conservation is an important form of Conservation is an important form of alternative energy productionalternative energy production