Sustainable Development Goals & Physical...
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Sustainable Development Goals & Physical Activity: Advancing the Power of Movement Melissa Otterbein, MPH (c) Global Health Mini-University October 22, 2018 Graduate Assistant, Department of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences George Washington University Certified Level 1 USA Triathlon & USA Swimming Coach 1 Global Goals World Cup
Transcript of Sustainable Development Goals & Physical...
Sustainable Development Goals & Physical Activity:Advancing the Power of Movement
Melissa Otterbein, MPH (c)Global Health Mini-University
October 22, 2018Graduate Assistant, Department of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences
George Washington UniversityCertified Level 1 USA Triathlon & USA Swimming Coach
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Global Goals World Cup
Ritsona Refugee Camp, Greece July 2017
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Personal Photo
3Lighthouse Relief
DefinitionsPlay:“Any physical activity that is fun & participatory,often unstructured and, in the case of children,often free from adult direction”-UN Interagency Taskforce onSport for Development & Peace (UNITSDP)
Physical Activity:“Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles requiring energy expenditure”-WHO
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Definitions-ContinuedSport: “Physical activity involving organization, rules or customsand sometimes competition”-UNITSDP
Sport-in this presentation: “All forms of physical activitythat contribute to physical fitness, mental well-beingand social interaction. These include: play, recreation,organized, casual or competitive sport, and indigenous sports or games” -UNITSDP
Sport for Development: “Intentional use of sport, physical activity and playto attain specific social development objectives” -Right to Play
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Global Physical Activity Recommendations-Children
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CDC Lancet
Global Physical Activity Recommendations- Adults
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Cancer Institute NSWLancet
Physical Inactivity-NCDs and Mental Health
8Designed to Move
Cost of Physical Inactivity-Economic3.2 mill deaths/yr
≥ 1 wk/ year productivitylost to absenteeism
$54 billion-direct
$14 billion-lost productivity
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Cost of Physical Inactivity Rising Globally
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If we could prevent physical inactivity,what would we gain?
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Lancet; Dr. Loretta Di.Pietro
Cycle of Inactivity- From Children to Adults
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Designed to Move
The ACE Study
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CDC
ACE Study Key Findings
14Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
ACEs and Obesity
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CDC
Continued ACE Research-U.S. & Globally
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CDC
PubMed Literature Search
WHO ACE Global Research Network
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Compounding ACE Challenges Globally•Gender Based Violence & Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
•Child marriage
•Human trafficking
•Virginity testing
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•War & armed conflict-Use of mass rape
•Displacement-Family separation
•Gender & cultural norms
•“Corrective rape”
•“Extreme” poverty: ≤$1.90
Challenge: Break the Cycle of Inactivity,Obesity, & ACE Health Outcomes
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Human Rights Can Mitigate These Challenges-Olympic Charter-1978 International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport-1989 UN Convention on the Rights of the Child-2006 UN Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities-2015 Revised International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activity & Sport
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Physical Activity Can Address Obesity & ACE Health Outcomes
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Human Capital Model
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Cost Savings From Physical ActivityChildren:•If 18% more U.S. elementary school children participated in 25 mins of PA 3x/wk,overall savings in medical costs due to lost wages = $21.9 billion over lifetimes.•Currently, 32% of children ages 8-11 engage in this; savings would occur if 50% reached this level (JHU)
Adults:•Cost savingsin every age rangein going from obese to healthyweight
23JHU Global Obesity Prevention Center
Cost Savings & Contributions ofSport for Development Programs
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NEET=Not in Education, Employment or Training
Reduced Healthcare Costs Associated With Sport
25UK Department for Culture, Media & Sport
Creation of the MDGSCreated in 2000 to “spare no effort to free our fellow men, women and children from the abject and dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty” (UN)
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Contribution of Sport to MDGsSport for Development community created frameworks for sports’ contributions...
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Contribution of Sport to MDGs-Continued...with increased visibility within health & medical community
2005: UN created “International Year of Sport & Physical Education” w/ aim of encouraginggovts, sports orgs & athletes to achieve MDGs via 8 established objectives
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Key Takeawaysfrom MDGsSuccesses:Primary education enrollment↑83-91%; extreme povertyreduced by half
Missed Targets: 12/17
Critiques: Unrealistic, Targets for LMIC; highincome to add solidarity as financers (Lancet)
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2015-2030: Sustainable Development Goals
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2015: Sport Named asEnabler Within SDG Declaration
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How Are SDGs Different from MDGs?•Participatory Creation of Goals•Unified Poverty Alleviation-Inequality as Source of Poverty•Focus on Sustainability•Increase in breadth: MDGS: 8 goals, 21 targets, 69 indicators SDGs: 17 goals, 169 targets, 230 indicators
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End Poverty in All Its Forms Everywhere
1.1By 2030, eradicate extreme povertyfor all people everywhere,currently measured as peopleliving on less than $1.90 a day
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Case Example: SDG 1: Homeless World CupAnnual World Cup tournament; 70 implementing partners assist individuals experiencing homelessness in building social support and connection to community resources(ex: substance abuse treatment & job training)
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Homeless World Cup
End Hunger, Achieve Food Security & Improved Nutrition& Promote Sustainable Agriculture
2.1By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people,in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations,including infants, to safe, nutritious & sufficient food year round
2.2By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025,the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting inchildren under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs ofAdolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons
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Case Example 2: Jack Brewer Foundation•Sport based outreach in Malawi
•Developed microfinance program assisting 10,000+ by providing loans to 676 families
•Goal= ensure food security for 100,000 residentsliving in Domasi regioni for family to purchase govtsubsidized fertilizer to triple harvest over growing season
•Women=focal point of efforts
•1 to 1 matching of sports nutrition productsJBF will provide data on child malnutrition levels
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Ensure Healthy Lives & Promote Well-Being For All at All Ages3.3By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglectedtropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseasesand other communicable diseases
3.4By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
3.7By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes
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Case Example 3: Grassroot Soccer•Soccer-based adolescent health program in 45 countries•Implements evidence-based curriculum, mentorship & access to healthcare•Focus on malaria, HIV/AIDS, SRHR, gender & youth development
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Ensure Inclusive & Equitable Quality Education & Promote Lifelong Learning Opportunities For All
4.1By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable & qualityprimary & secondary education leading to relevant & effective learning outcomes
4.2By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education
4.5By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations
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Case Example 4: Open Doors to Inclusion
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•Partnership between UNICEF, FC Barcelona & Rodrigo Mendez Institute to guarantee access, retention, learning and completion of education of children & adolescents w/ disabilities in primary & infant education through inclusive sport
•Training of teachers in 15 cities in Brazil
•Teachers generated 122 local projects impacting 51,052 people
•Projects included implementation of improved teaching strategies, family involvement programs, strengthened governmental policies, community adapted physical activity interventions & changes to built environment in schools Open Doors to Inclusion
Achieve Gender Equality & Empower All Women & Girls 5.1End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls everywhere
5.3Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early & forced marriage & FGM
5.5Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life
5.6Ensure universal access to SRHR as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences
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Case Example 5: Moving the Goalposts
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•Girls 9-25 soccer program in Kilifi, Kenya
•Provides access to educational resources, savings group, financial literacy, business opportunities via Business Incubation Center, SHRH, MHM, HIV testing & counseling services, breast & cervical cancer screenings, distribution of contraceptives & mental health support
•Engages coaches of males who play football alongside MTG girls in delivering trainings focused on gender equity via transforming norms, behavior & attitudes.
•Educates fathers & male guardians about responsible fatherhood, gender equality & GBV Moving the Goalposts
Ensure Availability & Sustainable Managementof Water & Sanitation for All
6.2By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation,paying special attention to the needs of women and girlsand those in vulnerable situations
6.BSupport and strengthen the participation of local communities in improving water and sanitation management
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Case Example 6: WASH United•Play-based WASH education to 200,000+ youth in Sub-Saharan Africa & South Asia in WASH behavior
•WASH Challenge Cup: Youth football tournaments- scoring based on game & WASH knowledge; teams 50:50 male:female
•Team Swachh Bharat- "Clean India:" national mass media educational campaign engaging people to join movement for sanitation & toilet use; reaching over 14 million
•Nation-wide school programs use cricket & play to improve WASH behaviors •Cricket-themed communication materials & event formats for municipalities enable localgovts to raise awareness & generate demand for sanitation at the local level
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Ensure Access to Affordable, Reliable,Sustainable & Modern Energy For All
7.1By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable,reliable and modern energy services
7.3By 2030, double the global rate of improvementin energy efficiency
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Case Example 7: PlanLED SHINE•Partnership w/ professional sports teams such as NYY & star athletes & Green Sports Alliance
•Income generated through PlanLED light projects (including in sporting stadiums) used toprovide LED Lighting in NYC schools
•Impact from 2 high schools: Avoided 322 tons of CO2 / yr; $50,000/yr in energy savings.
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Promote Sustained, Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Growth, Full & Productive Employment & Decent Work For All
8.5By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men,including for young people and persons with disabilities,and equal pay for work of equal value
8.6By 2020, substantially reduce the proportion of youthnot in employment, education or training
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Case Example 8: Society Empowerment Project•Youth football for agribusiness program in Homabay & Migori Counties, Kenya •Community challenges: 73% of population=malnourished; high AIDS mortality•Players equipped w/ financial empowerment, HIV/AIDS education, agricultural training & education•Families dedicate portion of crop land to care of youth member; child maintains plot•Income from crop sales used for education after basic food needs met•350+ youth attend primary & secondary schooling•Ksh. 50,000 generated by youth for education•75% of participants=girls & women; challenging gender norms•100 youth trained in coaching, refereeing & first aid; 20 volunteer as coaches at schools
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Build Resilient Infrastructure, Promote Inclusive & Sustainable Industrialization & Foster Innovation
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9.1Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being,with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all
Case Example 9: World Bicycle Relief•Builds and distributes specially-designed, locally assembled bicycles providing affordable transportation in rural areas of developing countries•Bicycles provide retention of Community Health Volunteers•Social enterprise model allows for scalability and sustainability
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Reduce Inequality Within and Among Countries10.2By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
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Case Example 10: Special Olympics- Unified Sports•People with ID compete alongside those without•5.7 million+ involved globally•China: Unified Sports incorporated into primary & middle school curriculum•S.O. research found students w/ disabilities=more likely to drop out of school than non-disabled peers•Evaluation showed students w/ & without disabilities interact more often in school settings through Unified Sports participation•90% of European partners reported spending time w/ their athlete outside of Unified Sports
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Make Cities & Human SettlementsInclusive, Safe, Resilient & Sustainable
11.7By 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessiblegreen and public spaces, in particular for women and children,older persons and persons with disabilities
11.ASupport positive economic, social and environmental linksbetween urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengtheningnational and regional development planning
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Case Example 11: 11th Street Bridge Park •Washington, D.C.’s first elevated public park located on piers of old 11th Street Bridge spanning the Anacostia River- bridging Ward 6 & Ward 8 (significant socioeconomic differences)•Social, Economic, Health and Environmental goals•Community participation to address concerns of property tax increases & displacement (Equitable Development Task Force)•Park underwent a Health Impact Assessment•Park will connect to existing trails•Pilot urban garden programming already taking place
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Ensure Sustainable Consumption & Production Patterns12.3By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at theretail and consumer levels and reduce food lossesalong production and supply chains, includingpost-harvest losses
12.5By 2030, substantially reduce waste generationthrough prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
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Case Example 12: Green Sports Alliance
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Green Sports Alliance
•Global Alliance focused on leveraging sports governing bodies, universities, teams, professional sports leagues, venues, fans and partners to adapt renewable energy, healthy food, recycling, water efficiency and safer chemical use in 14 countries
•Provides resources on composting at sports venues, using solar energy, e-waste collection, improving food service, fan engagement in sustainability & reducing health threats of cleaning sports facilities
Take Urgent Action to Combat Climate Change & Its Impacts
13.2Integrate climate change measures into nationalpolicies, strategies and planning
13.3Improve education, awareness-raising and humanand institutional capacity on climate change mitigation,adaptation, impact reduction and early warning
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Case Example 13: National Hockey League Green•Governing body approach to advancing sustainable practices within hockey culture
•Invested in preserving long-term access to hockey for future athletes, focused on measuring impact of NHL, reducing resource use where feasible, offsetting footprint where possibleand providing resources to engage clubs, communities,partners, fans & employees to positively impact environment
•Tracking energy & water consumption & waste productionvia NHL Metrics, online venue tracking tool
•Investing in water restoration certificates to replenish rivers& renewable energy certificates to offset carbon
•Future directions include environmental education of youth, low emission energy installations nation-wide and compostingat venues
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NHL Green
Conserve & Sustainably Use the Oceans, Seas & Marine Resources For Sustainable Development
14.1By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution
14.2By 2020, sustainably manage & protect marine & coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration in order to achieve healthy and productive oceans
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Case Example 14: Surfers Against Sewage•Surfers focused on galvanising community through beach cleans, education & campaigning to protect coastlines in UK & beyond•Created “Safer Seas Service” app monitoring beaches to protect citizens from Combined Sewer Overflows monitoring 330 beaches across England & Wales
•Campaigning successes include creation of petition to reinstate plastic bottle deposit policy -gov’t passed in March 2018
•Educational programming includes outdoor educationvia “Ocean Schools” program & “Be the Change” litterCurriculum
•“Plastic Free Communities, Schools, & Parliament”Initiatives•2017=1,393 beach cleans, 97,202 kgs of litter removed 60
Surfers Against Sewage
Protect, Restore & Promote Sustainable Use of Terrestrial Ecosystems,Sustainably Manage Forests, Combat Desertification & Halt
& Reverse Land Degradation & Halt Biodiversity Loss 15.1By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements
15.2By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
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Case Example 15: Girls Gotta Run Foundation& U.S. Sport Commitment to Cookstoves
•Girls Gotta Run Foundation equips adolescent girls in Ethiopia with health, leadership,economic development and environmental education through running
•Curriculum culturally competent to address safe alternatives to growing deforestationin use of firewood for cooking
•Similarly, NASCAR, Major League Soccer (MLS), United States Tennis Association (USTA)and Major League Baseball franchises have financed 7,252 cookstoves in Kenya, Malawi,Mozambique, Zimbabwe and India to offset carbon emissions
•4 million people die prematurely yearly as consequence of inhaling fumes emittedby open fires or inefficient cooking stoves (women & girls disproportionately affected)
•Initiative spurred job creation to maintain and repair units (Sport & Sustainability Intl) 62Girls Gotta Run Foundation
Promote Peaceful & Inclusive Societies For Sustainable Development, Provide Access to Justice For All & Build Effective, Accountable
& Inclusive Institutions at All Levels
16.1Significantly reduce all forms of violence andrelated death rates everywhere
16.4By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows,strengthen the recovery and return of stolen assetsand combat all forms of organized crime
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Case Example 16: Line Up Live Up•To support implementation of Doha Declaration, UN Office of Drugs & Crimelaunched youth sport lifeskills-based crime & drug prevention curriculumavailable in 5 languages
•77 sport coaches, 1000 youth & 2 multipliers trained in Brazil & S. Africa
•Multi-site mixed methods trial beginning & expansion to 7 additional countries
•Lifeskills focused on coping with stress, decision making,refusal skills, empathy, self awareness, perception of risk, communication & relationship skills led by coaches, social workers& youth who’ve undergone program
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Line Up Live Up
Strengthen the Means of Implementation & Revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development
17.3Mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources 17.9Enhance international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building in developing countries to support national plans to implement all the SDGs, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation
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Case Example 17: Sport and Development.Org•Capacity building, knowledge-sharing and resource website focused on program planning, implementation, research, and scaling up of sport for development organizations promoting SDGs, particularly in the following focus areas:
EducationYouth DevelopmentPeacebuildingDisaster ResponseHealthGenderEconomic DevelopmentChild Protection
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SportandDev.Org
Global Goals World CupImpact:•1200 women across 4 continents participated since 2016
•75% developed confidencein advocacy
•35% previously inactive mainlydue to lack of confidence & interest
•78% reported increase in motivationto play sports
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Limitations → Innovations & Collective Impact•Sport/physical activity primarily serves as “hook” to further lifeskills intervention; sport alone isn’t panacea
•More funding for RCTs needed to demonstrate efficacy & impact
•Unified approach needed to demonstrate sport’s impact upon SDGs
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Commitment to Action•Physical activity & sport=cost effective intervention to address physical inactivity, ACEs & SDGs in both resource-challenged and higher income countries
•More advocates needed to leverage action- what will your action be?
71SDGs in Action App
