SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

MOHD TANZEEL FARAZ3PD12AT025

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AIM: TO OUR FAMILIES-PAST,PRESENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS

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AR.CHRISTOPHER BENNINGER

CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

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INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

- Sustainability, World Commission 1987

Architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of

materials, energy, and development space.

Towards the end of twentieth century the word sustainable (and sustainability) entered into the consciousness of architects and became an essential concern in the discourse of architecture.

Although there is much written about the urgency of taking

sustainability seriously,and much advice about building techniques to adopt,there was very little which addressed the interrelated issues of the sociocultural,ethical,professional and technological complexities of ‘sustainable architecture’.

“It is very important to understand the complexities which are

relatively self-contained and how architects conceptualized sustainability in the design of houses”.

“Sustainable architecture is a revised conceptualization of architecture in response to myriad of contemporary concerns about the effects of human activity”.

“Sustainable architecture is most likely to result from the inclination of architects to perform beautiful acts”.

Sustainable architecture aims at- Minimum usages of non-renewable resources Enhancing the natural environment Eliminating or minimizing the use of toxic materials

How should we go for it..?

1. Think Small

PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE THAT CAN BE INCORPORATED IN DESIGNING OF FILM INSTITUE AND FILM STUDIOS

2. Heat With the Sun3. Use Renewable Energy4. Keep Your Cool5. Conserve Water6. Use Local Materials7. Use Natural Materials8. Save the Forests

10. Build to Last11. Grow Your Food12. Store Your Own Food

1. Think SmallThe combined problem of natural resource depletion and population growth is so serious that it’s no longer reasonable for anyone to use up more than their fair share of either. Not only that, but there’s something special about creating a home or office that speaks to the specific needs of your particular family. Small homes are more affordable, use fewer resources, have less of an environmental impact, and also require less energy to heat and cool.

2. Heat With the SunSpeaking of heating, fossil fuels are on the wane but the sun is still going strong. Consult your local green building expert for the best way to orient your home in order to maximize solar gain when appropriate (and reduce it when there’s too much.) Orientation combined with a green building material that absorbs the sun’s energy during the day and then dispatches it slowly at night can drastically reduce your energy requirement.

Theirs may not be the sexiest roofs in each country, but their energy bills are smaller, and their ability to withstand municipal price and supply fluctuations far greater than grid-dependent folks.

3. Use Renewable EnergyWe know this is hard in the Middle East, where solar panels are still quite expensive, but an investment in the short term will pay off in the long run. Plus, who says it’s necessary to buy into the most expensive renewable technology? In Cyprus, Egypt and Israel, lower income people have been using the sun to heat their water for years.

4. Keep Your CoolThe same principle works for cooling a home, a particular challenge in the Middle East where there is no shortage of long hot days. Passive design, digging into the earth, and insulating a home well will work wonders, as will Islamic design techniques such as the Mashrabiya screen, which beats the heat at the same time as it promotes natural ventilation.

5. Conserve WaterThere are as many ways to conserve water in your home as there are reasons to do so – particularly in our dry region. Firm up faucets, harvest rainwater, recycle gray water, take shorter showers, and turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. Also consider planting indigenous plants that don’t require a lot of irrigation, and if you must irrigate, trying using drip irrigation or other modern developments.

6. Use Local MaterialsWhen you’re building a home out of materials harvested in some distant land, they have to travel a long way to make it to your little plot. This creates an unnecessarily high carbon footprint and also reduces the level of control you have over how those materials are harvested. But if you use local materials, as will be the case with Gaza’s 20 new Eco-Schools, your carbon footprint shrinks considerably and benefits your local economy.

7. Use Natural MaterialsNatural materials not only have more aesthetic appeal, at least in our view, but it turns out that they are better for our health. A home that is built with a porous natural material such as mud or stone or lime breaths and promotes natural circulation in the home. Anything else creates a terribly unhealthy internal environment. Natural materials also promote day lighting and superior acoustics, whereas all kinds of interventions are required in more artificial surroundings.

8. Save the ForestsOur forests are beautiful and deserve to be protected in their own right. But they also serve important environmental services – including sucking the globe’s carbon. With escalating levels of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and a bevy of attendant climatic changes, protecting our trees is more important than ever. The average timber home uses 100 trees – and that’s not sustainable at all. Kelly Hart recommends using wood carefully – for decoration or for roofing – and opting for abundant earthen materials to build the rest of the home.

9. Recycle MaterialsWe belong to a throwaway culture – something the earth’s finite resources simply can’t support. Recycling materials not only gives new life to something discarded or disused, but also provides an opportunity to be creative and resourceful. See how old windows have been given new life is this wonderful design project.

10. Build to LastWe have showcased several earth architecture buildings that have lasted centuries, such as Yemen’s Manhattan and these awesome cave homes in Iran. Despite stringent new building codes, many materials used in contemporary architecture are designed NOT to last so that the supplier can prolong their business opportunities. This makes absolutely no sense. Build to last as much as possible and save the earth while you’re at it.

11. Grow Your FoodGrowing food at home improves quality control and increases resilience – both very necessary in our region where food security is poor and where environmental regulations regarding food quality are poorly enforced. We have published 7 agricultural solutions that will save the Middle East. Take a look and be inspired to start growing your own food immediately!

12. Store Your Own FoodThis is something we haven’t considered in a long while, but it used to be that most people built pantries into the earth in order to keep their food cool and fresh. As demonstrated in Palestine’s numerous geothermal projects, the earth’s temperature remains constant even as our atmosphere warms and cools. If you use the right building material, you can build a wonderful earthen pantry that will keep most of your food fresh year ’round. Make sure to consult a professional until you get the hang of this.

Case studies...

INTORDUCTION OF MATI GHAR Capturing the concept

of time in all aspects of design and construction. The Mati Ghar is directed not by engineering construction or aesthetic guidelines alone but is meant to develop the harmonious design thought of an endless space and the "cosmic dimension of a temporal reality".

VIEW OF MATI GHAR

FRONT LAWN

It is composed as three concentric rings their radii in the proportion of 1:2:3, and with the radial division of the outermost, middle & innermost ring into 12,24,36.equal divisions respectively.

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FRIST FLOOR PLAN

The labour intensive construction process encompasses innovations in material with usage of sundried stabilized earth blocks as frames and infill and addition of cement to the soil mix for increased structural strength and water resistance in the process of avoiding plaster application. The largest brick dome of its time is constructed only by hand tools and a central guiding arm of Aluminum in place of an extensive supporting framework.

BRICK DOME

SECTION @ AA’

The ventilation system is based on ancient method of hypocausts owing to the nature of exhibition interiors which require controlled light and sound facilities. This is achieved through one main centrifugal blower in a system of underground air ducts/tunnels while the superstructure is provided with exhausts and small windows to direct the upward air movement

INTERIOR VIEWS

LEADING STEPS TO FIRST FLOOR

SMALL WINDOWS

ARCHES

MYTH AND DISBELIEVE????

Yeang's Vertical Landscaping Strategies - The Rotating Spiral Ken Yeang's practice has always been governed by two principles:

1. The acknowledgement of the scarcity of both natural resources and time, as well the extensive degradation of natural environment that cannot continue if future generations are to have appropriate access to natural resources.

2. The belief that all those concerned with building design can, with the application of ecological principles, make a significant contribution towards a sustainable future through 'green' approach that evolved from a comprehensive method.

The structural system used in Nara Tower embodied the fundamental factors of these two principles, taking into considerations the amount of irreplaceable materials necessary for building construction while at the same time optimizing the impact of its eco-friendly design approach through the building form.

THE ROTATING SPIRAL FOR VERTICAL LANDSCAPING

1. THEORYFor Nara tower design, Yeang used the same theoretical ideas from his 1992's Mesiniaga, where both his Nara tower and Mesiniaga contain the principle of "a vertical spiral of boundless dimensions".

  Yeang's original sketches

describing the design principles of Mesiniaga  Menara ( IBM ) green tower. 

What Yeang wanted to achieve in applying this approach is the abundant foliage that assists in cooling the building mass. In theory, the spiral space configuration allows floors and atrial spaces to have planted fringes that essentially contribute to the control of air movement within the overall structure.

An abstract model was done to explore its functional application:

• An abstract model of a rotating spiral tower design based on Ken Yeang's approach, along with the analysis relating to the use of vertical landscaping. 

• The elements that are most relevant with the rotating spiral design include temperature, daylighting, wind velocity and frequency, air density and humidity. 

Tokyo Nara Tower This conceptual project created for

the World Architecture Exhibition in 1994 by architect Ken Yeang displays several benefits of incorporating green areas in skyscrapers.  The Nara Tower is an energy efficient building that applies concepts of vertical landscaping mixed with ecodesign. Besides its innovative look, the spiraling tower serves as well as holding ground for a large mass of planting that is used as a cooling system for the building. The mechanical systems and the foliage will work in a symbiotic relationship, where the hanging gardens, sky courts, terraces and other green areas will filter and clean the air, improving interior ventilation, while robotic arms will maintain the plants.

The maintenance of the vertical landscaping, as well as the upkeep of external fixtures, glazing and cladding panels is ensured by specialised mechanical devices. These devices, constructed in the form of multi-purpose ‘robot-arms’ as “cherry-pickers” on moveable trellises that travel along an external track that spiral and circulates the tower.

The radial/spiral movement of floor planes �creates a particular built form which allows:

-the floors to shade themselves as they spiral upward.

-the displaced pattern to more efficiently exploit the benefits of hanging gardens, inter-floor bracing and ventilation /cooling systems.

-a constantly changing atrial space, articulated by terraces, internal courts and private gardens.

Things to be incorporated in the designing of

FILM INSTITUTE AND FILM STUDIOUS

Technology:

Accommodating the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Development:

Making and using technology that meets human needs while taking into account long and short term consequences for society and the environment.

Ecologically sustainable

Appropriate

Design process:1. Understand the needs of the users of the building 2. Look at the capacity of the site and the environment in

supporting those needs3. Make design decisions and use appropriate technologies to fulfil

the above

Sustainable

Designing of film institute and film studious

WALL ASSEMBLY 230mm bk.wall + 70mm aircavity + 115mm brick Wall+12mm plaster both sides

ROOFRCC slab + 75mm Inverted earthen pot in lime concrete + 20mm cement mortar finish

PERFORATED BRICK MASONRYThese are high strength hollow bricks with50-60 percent perforations. These perforationsact as sound and heat insulators and savesmaterials.

Techniques like cross-ventilation, which involves the addition of atriums filled with greenery in between the floors of tall buildings, and materials like biodegradable paint or recycled steel, can be used.

Meanwhile, specially coated glasses will soon be able to offer superior heat management, and advances in roofing materials will keep occupants at a comfortable temperature year-round without requiring significant energy expenditures.

Designing of film institute and film studious

GREEN ROOF

What is Green Roofing?

Green roofs are constructed in a similar way to traditional roofs that are last longer, better environment and add value to visual appeal.

Benefits of Green Roofing

It reduces the air pollution and controls the green house effect.

These are the best insulators to manage the heating and cooling effects for houses.

Green Roof doubles the life of roof material.

How it is built

PlantsGrowing Media

Drainage / Storage Layer

Insulation

Waterproof MembraneRoof Membrane

Structural Support

To overcome the upcoming threats of global warming, the adoption of green roof technology is a small step to save our planet.

TYPE 1: LA MAISON VAGUE (WAVE HOUSE)

Wave House, was designed by Patrick Nadeau and features a smorgasbord of plant varieties including wild flowers, meadow grass, sedums and other perennials. The house has a sweeping curve similar to a sine wave which makes it appear more like a hill or mound. This shape creates a seamless surface of plants on the green roof but did mean that parts were extremely steep and required special consideration for drainage, water retention and soil erosion.

TYPE 2: MILL VALLEY CABINS – SUCCULENT SEDUM ROOF GARDENS

The remarkable roofs of sedum definitely deserve additional attention in this green roof collection.

There are a wide array of different species of succulent sedums in this roof that have been arranged in a banded pattern. This looks very carefully considered but they are planted randomly over the roof.

TYPE 3: ECOSPACE – SUSTAINABLE, MODULAR GARDEN STUDIOSEcospace studios have a distinctive modern style

and make extensive use of cedar cladding, large windows and mostly flat or mono-pitched roofs.  The use of flat roofs on many of their garden studios also make it possible to grow a living, mossy surface that camouflage and require very little maintenance. However, the great thing about their modular garden studios is that due to their relatively small size, their height in particular, many of them don’t require planning permission if be used as an outbuilding to a pre existing property

TYPE 4: ECO VILLA CONCEPTS IN FLAVOURS ORCHARD, CHINA

The Mobius Villa design is a figure 8 shaped structure which was inspired by the Mobius Strip. This eco dwelling features a living green roof as well as solar panels which can provide more energy than the building would require. The building contains two enclosed natural environments within its loops: one plant based and one aquatic, to accommodate ecological diversity as well as serving as viewing spectacles for residents.

Automatic GatesSecurity Systems

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