Sustainability of construction works TC 350 and EN 15804 · 2020. 6. 8. · Sustainability of...

ERMCO 2013 June 6-7 CASCAIS

Sustainability of

construction works

TC 350 and EN 15804 EPD for concrete

J.M. Potier SNBPE


Useful definitions


Définition

What is Sustainable Development?

Environmental, economic and social well-being for

today and tomorrow

Sustainable development has been defined in many

ways, but the most frequently quoted definition is from

Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland

Report

"Sustainable development is development that meets

the needs of the present without compromising the

ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Sustainable

Development


The three pilars of sustainable development

Sustainability

Technical Quality

Functional Quality

Environ

ment Social Economy

4

Sustainable

Development


Définition

What is Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) ?

LCA is a technique to assess environmental impacts

associated with all the stages of a product's life from-cradle-

to-grave (i.e., from raw material extraction through materials

processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and

maintenance, and disposal or recycling).

Life Cycle

Analysis


Life Cycle

Analysis

Inventory

Production

Transport

Construction

Use

End of life

What’s out

Emissions into air

Emissions to ground/water

Waste

Reusable products

Other emissions

What’s in

Primary materials

Energy

Water,…


Use of LCA in European

countries LCA has been used in the construction industry in

Europe since the early 1990s, and by 2008, there were

schemes in Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,

the Netherlands, Sweden and in the UK to assess the

environmental impact of manufacturing construction

materials.

Although these assessments of construction products all

use life cycle assessment and comply with the ISO

Standards, these have only been written to provide a

consistent framework for the assessment, but the

detailed approach of the different schemes remains

highly varied.

Life Cycle

Analysis


Why LCA

For concrete

• Concrete is always present in the

construction of an habitation building

– 100 % of foundations and slab

– 75 % of walls

• French data 2010


Why LCA

For concrete

• For many people concrete means

– Long lasting material

– Few maintenance

– Transmission of the patrimony for many

generations

– Adaptability to various environmental

conditions


Why LCA

For concrete

• But for many people,

concrete is also a

CO2 emitting material


Why LCA

For concrete

• It is for this reason that concrete should give accepted and verifiable data on its real environmental impact

• In addition, for CO2 emissions, we have to explain that construction stage count for less than 10 % of the total emitted during its life cycle

Use stage

92 %

Construction

stage 6 %

End of life

stage 2 %

French data 2010


The task of TC 350


Sustainability of construction works:

The mandate for CEN/TC 350 standards

CEN’s Technical Committee 350 (CEN/TC 350) was set up under a mandate

given by the European Commission to CEN to “provide a method for the

voluntary delivery of environmental information” for construction.

The mandate states that “to ensure that comparable environmental information

is generated and used, without creating barriers to trade, national schemes

need to be based on a common European programme founded upon European

or International standards for Environmental labels and declarations – type III

environmental declarations”.

Sustainable

Development

http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/standards_policy/mandates/database/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.detail&id=228


• CEN/TC 350 to answer this mandate :

– covers sustainability by looking at the three

aspects of Environmental, Social and

Economic performance, and at the different

levels of construction product/component,

building and through framework documents

which set out the approach.

The CEN/TC 350

Approach

http://www.cen.eu/cen/Sectors/Sectors/Construction/SustainableConstruction/Pages/CEN_TC350.aspx


EPD according to EN 15804

All environ-

mental

standards

are published

15

CEN/TC 350

today

All

frameworks

standards

are published

Ready for formal vote

ERMCO 2013 June 6-7 CASCAIS 16

Could be placed into 1 document Integration of the 3 sustainability columns

Projects of

CEN/TC 350

To be completed

Civil

enginee

ring

Framework for

Civil engineering

Methods for Civil

engineering

Social and economic for C.I. ???


EN 15804

The « EPD » standard


• The latest significant development of TC 350 works is the publication of EN 15804, a standard providing the core rules for the production of Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for construction products,

• Going back to the original mandate, EN 15804 provides the common rules for type III environmental declarations which can be used by EPD schemes across Europe as a consistent method for providing the core environmental information on construction products which can then be used with data for other products to evaluate the building.

• This new standard will ensure that comparable environmental information is generated wherever a product is manufactured or used and it is hoped that this core information can be transferred from scheme to scheme across Europe, minimising barriers to trade.

EN 15804

EPD Standard

ERMCO 2013 June 6-7 CASCAIS 19

Building assessment information

Building life cycle information

Building

Product (EPD

Life cycle

modules


Life cycle

modules Product Stage A1

A2

A3

Raw material supply,

Transport,

Manufacturing

Cradle to gate

A4 Transport Construction

process stage A5 Construction -

installation

process

Option

Construction

B1 U se

B2 Maintenance

B3 Repair

B4 Replacement

B5 Refurbish ment

B6 Operational ener gy use

Use stage

B7 Operational water use

Option Use

C1 De-construction

demolition

C2 Transport

C3 Waste processi ng

End of life stage

C4 Disposal

Option Waste

processingt

Cradle to grave

Recycling

potentials

D Reuse -

Recovery -

Recycling -

potential

Option

Recycling

Optional in

any case


System boundaries

Szenario Bau Szenario Nutzung Szenario Entsorgung

Datenbanken oder technische Daten

IBU EPD Seminar Frankfurt

Building assessment information

Building life cycle information

LCA cradle to gate with options

LCA to grave (all modules) 21

Life cycle

modules

LCA cradle to gate


Functional/Declared

Unit

• Functional unit – The functional unit defines the way in which the identified

functions or performance characteristics of the product are quantified. The primary purpose of the functional unit is to provide a reference by which material flows (input and output data) of construction product’s LCA results and any other information are normalized to produce data expressed on a common basis.

– Example of functional unit • 1 m² of reinforced concrete wall (C 25/30) of 18 cm thick

• Declared unit – The declared unit is used instead of the functional unit when the

precise function of the product or scenarios at the building level is not stated or is unknown.

– Example of declared unit • 1 m3 of concrete C 25/30


Indicators

Indicators are classed in three main categories

– Indicators for environmental impacts

– Indicators for resource use (environmental

aspects);

– Indicators for additional environmental

information (environmental aspects).


Indicators


• Emission into indoor air and soil & water

– Test results according to CEN TC 351/ format to be

discussed

– Precise description of what is declared,

– Manufacturer, program operator, verifier, validity

– Sites, Types of EPD ( averages, templates)

• Product content – Rough identification

– SVHC

• Technical data in support of construction, transport, use and end of Life scenarios

28

15804 Additional

Information


Too many

Indicators?

• The present strategy of CEN/TC350 to provide information in an EPD on its 24 indicators is of course a best approach that only a focus on “Global warming”, but: – Too many indicators, some of them not easily understandable => back to CO2

• It would be better to have these 24 indicators combined into a single score, but that will be very difficult.

• ERMCO objective could be to provide in addition to the 24 indicators a resource score that combines the 12 resources indicators.

• The indicator developed by the University of Dundee and supported by the ECP is a suitable method. – At present this indicator is called the ‘Current Scarcity Score’ and if used in this

context, it may be worthwhile re-branding it as a ‘Combined Resource Indicator’.

– Given the present view within CEN/TC350, this is not an achievable objective in the short term, but we need to push in this direction


• PCR Guidance texts – EN 15804 may need to be

applied some guidance documents

– PCR may be developed by product TCs for specific products (i.e. PCR for concrete)

• If it is not done by product TCs, it will surely be done by others!

• A CEN decision asks to TCs preparing specific PCR to liaise closely with TC 350

30

Product Category

Rules (PCR)


CEN/TC 104/SC 1/TG 20 : PCR for concrete

• First meeting on 30 April 2013

• Task: development of a PCR document for both ready mix and

precast concrete

• The PCR will cover all life cycle stages and encourage its users to

develop cradle-to-grave EPDs.

• Editorial group open to consider carbonation

• Assignment of processes at the end-of-life of concrete to the life

cycle stages C1 - C4 and D was discussed.

• Discussions: provide typical orders of magnitude for processes in

the life cycle of concrete in the PCR or an annex (e.g typical

transport distances for ready mix and precast concrete, typical fuel

consumption of a concrete pump and concrete crushers)?

Possibly in a National Annex

Product Category

Rules (PCR)


Why EPDs for concrete?


Why EPDs

for concrete ?

• Within the next few years, there will be increasing numbers of requests for EN15804 compliant EPDs for concrete and precast concrete products. – To comply with evolution of regulation (i.e.

French decree on EPD) or to comply to environmental label

– This will require then provision of EN15804 compliant EPDs for the constituent materials for concrete and the other components of precast concrete products, e.g. reinforcement.


Why EPDs

for concrete ?

• Concrete sector should be able to provide EN15804 compliant EPDs for concrete and precast concrete products using at least European average data by the end of 2014.

• This requires EN15804 compliant EPDs for the constituents of concrete and other components within the same time scale.

• Concrete and precast concrete producers will take the information supplied by the constituent material suppliers as being reliable and therefore its derivation needs to be traceable and, ideally, covered by certification.

• The future concrete PCR will help concrete producers in this task


Why EPDs

for concrete ?

• EN15804 is based on a list of indicators – While concrete does

not do particularly well with respect to global warming potential, it does do very well with respect to resource use, ozone depletion and eutrophication, and also at a smaller level on primary energy

– With a valid EPD we could argue more easily on our best points


with respect to credibility,

quality and comparability.

Mutual recognition means

acceptance of EPD provided

by ECO members

without further verification and without restrictions in applicability

ECO (The European Construction Organisation) enables mutual recognition of EPDs among European EPD program operators

36

EPDs

Valid everywhere?


• Thank you for your attention

– See you next year in Paris

Sustainability of construction works TC 350 and EN 15804 · 2020. 6. 8. · Sustainability of...

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