“Sustainability & Climate Change”

Challenges & Way forward….

Presented By:

Nalin RawalChief - Business Head

(Agribusiness Solutions)

CLIMATE CHANGE - CHALLANGES

Rapidly rising greenhouse gases

Increasing land and sea temperatures

Increased frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events

Risk of fresh water availability

Sustainability of agriculture and food security

CLIMATE CHANGE - IMPACT

Warming expected to be more over areas in northern latitudes in 21st century

Warming of about 0.2°C per decade is projected for next two decades

Increases in the amount of precipitation in high latitudes, and decrease in most

subtropical land regions.

The Drought-affected areas will increase

Hot extremes, heat waves and heavy precipitation events more frequent

Weather predictions in Tropics will become more challenging

The length of growing seasons & yield in semi-arid and arid areas shall decrease In some countries 50% yield reduction is expected in rainfed agriculture by 2020

Crop yields to decrease by 30% in Central and South Asia by the mid-21st century

Crop yields expected to increase up to 20% in East and Southeast Asia

Expected salinisation and desertification of agricultural land in drier areas of Latin America

Increased incidences of Pest Outbreak due to warmer hot days and nights

Productivity of important crops is projected to decrease

IMPACT – AGRICULTURE

CLIMATE CHANGE - IMPACT INDIA

India witnessing irregular monsoon / temperature pattern

Large variability of rainfall in Rajasthan (semi arid regions)

Unseasonal Dust Storms in some pockets

More frequent extreme weather conditions

change in sowing and harvesting timings / affecting quality of the produce

Changing cropping pattern

Emerging risk to horticultural crops

Causing sudden outbreak in incidence of pest and diseases

Climate Change Impact on Agriculture

PROPOSED STRATEGIES

ABOUT SKYMET

• Captive network of 2700+ Automated Weather Stations (AWS)

• Expertise in Crop yield forecasting & Risk Management

• In house Crop monitoring & yield modeling team

• In house Remote Sensing & GIS expertise

• Strong network of 160+ field staff in all major states

An Agriculture Risk Solutions and Weather Monitoring Company

PRESENCE

2700+ AWS Locations

15 States

Head Office: Noida

Regional Office(S) : 4 (Patna, Jaipur, Mumbai &

Hyderabad)

SOLUTIONS OFFERED

Weather Forecasts – short, medium & long range

Crop yield & acreage estimations

Live weather data

Crop Risk management services

Supply chain solutions

Weather Forecast

WEATHER FORECASTING

2012 2013 2014

Skymet Forecast 95% of LPA 103% of LPA 91% of LPA

Actual Monsoon 93% of LPA 105% of LPA 89% of LPA

2012 2013

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

MONTHLY RAINFALL FORECASTS

Dry Spell

Wet Spell

Weekly Spread View (mm)

Ambegaon (PUNE) – SAMPLE (June – July’13)

GIS & UAV Based

Crop - Acreage / Health Monitoring &

Yield Forecasting

Paddy Crop Sowing Status till mid June Paddy Crop Sowing Status till 1st week of July

Paddy Crop Sowing Status till End of July

Crop Sowing Status end of Season

CROP ACREAGE STATUS – PUNJAB PADDY (Kharif’2013)

ACERAGE – PUNJAB DISTRICT WISE PADDY

District wise Paddy acreage

UAV Based Crop Monitoring

UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE (UAV)

Completely automatic & remote

controlled

Ability to reach maximum of 400m from

ground

Captures 1.4 Km x 1.4 Km image (ground

coverage)

Horizontal coverage in one flight 4Km

radius

Continuously captures video

Continuously sends images at every 5

sec

Provides Geo referenced images

UAV IMAGES – 150M

UAV IMAGES – 100M

UAV IMAGES – 75M

UAV IMAGES – 50M

Groundnut

Cotton

WEB PORTAL | UAV BASED FARM MONITORING

WEB PORTAL | UAV BASED FARM MONITORING

PROCESS FLOW - CROP YIELD ESTIMATION

FINAL CROP ESTIMATE – CROP CUTTING EXPERIMENTS

Skymet provides Acreage & Final yield

estimation

(95% accuracy)

GUNA – SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOYABEAN CROP

Satellite Image – Landsat 8Acquisition Date – 21th Sep 2014District – GunaResolution - 30M

- SoybeanLegend -

Acreage as per Govt. 25th Sep’14 1.95 (Lac Ha)

Remote Sensing based Acreages 1.83 (Lac Ha)

Est. Yield as per CCE/Field Survey 1143 (Kg/Ha)

Est. Production 2.1 (Lac Ton)

Real Time Crop Advisory

Current

Weather & short range Forecast

(at Block / Taluka/ Distt level)

Agri-Domain Expertise

Real Time Agro-

Advisory

MODEL – REAL TIME CROP ADVISORY

Current Weather & Forecast

Actual ConditionTemp-43 0 C ; RH-20%

No Rain / Moisture stress

Crop Advisory1) Drain water from nursery and fill fresh

water on daily basis2) Delay Transplanting by -7 days

GIS image

Paddy (Pusa Basmati 1121)

FarmersRetailersDealers

Sales EmployeeMarketing personDistribution personSeed Production

MODEL – REAL TIME CROP ADVISORY

Pest Forecasting Model

PEST FORECAST MODEL

The model combines three parameters of the disease triangle:

Crop (host)

Pathogen (present at field)

Environment (monitored by Automated Weather Station)

• Hourly observations

• Specific geographies

Environment

• GIS or UAV mapping

• Crop diagnostic

Crop stage • Pest and disease infestation alert

• Real time basis

Pest/Disease

BROWN PLANT HOPPER – PADDY

Brown Plant Hopper (BPH)

BPH Life Cycle

Eggs Hatchability highest at 25°CBPH Population Max 28-30°CRH >70High Nitrogen levels

Paddy

Monitor using AWS

Crop stage information

BENEFITS

Predicts likely occurrence or attack of different pest & diseases

Accurate advisories on prophylactic measure to prevent disease/pest

incidence

Improve marketing activities and inventory planning at the

dealer/retail point

Mobile advisories to suggest company’s products to farmers

Increase revenue for the company

Strengthen company’s brand image

Crop Risk Management

CUSTOMISED CROP RISK MANAGEMENT

Drawbacks:

• Inadequate product

• Cryptic payout calculations

• Opaque payouts

• Mistrust on insurance

Benefits:

• Customized product

• Transparent payout calculations

• Equitable payouts

• Trust build-up on insurance

EXISTING PROPOSED

PRODUCT CUSTOMIZATION (PEPSICO) – POTATO (PATIALA)

Earlier Product Modified Product

TRANSPARENCY – INFORMATION & PAYOUTS

Agri input Supply Chain / Distribution

Paddy Crop Sowing Status till mid June Paddy Crop Sowing Status till 1st week of July

Paddy Crop Sowing Status till End of July

Crop Sowing Status end of Season

ACREAGE STATUS – PUNJAB PADDY (Kharif’2013)

District wise Time wise Paddy acreage

DISTRICT WISE ACREAGE STATUS – PUNJAB PADDY (Kharif’2013)

FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION PATTERN - I

Landsat Satellite ImageResolution: 30MSpatial Distribution of

Paddy Crop in Zira Block - Firozpur

Pady Area in Zira Block is 12,692 Ha.

FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION PATTERN - II

THANK YOU

Skymet Weather Services Pvt LtdPlot no 10/11, Sector-125, Noida

www.skymetweather.cominfo@skymetweather.com