Sustainability Across the Curriculum

Dr. Kauser Jahan, P.E.Dr. Beena Sukumaran

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Introduction• The USEPA has developed nine green engineering principles which engineers should follow to fully implement green engineering solutions: • •Engineer processes and products holistically, use systems analysis, and integrate environmental impact assessment tools. •Conserve and improve natural ecosystems while protecting human health and well-being. •Use life cycle thinking in all engineering activities. •Ensure that all material and energy inputs and outputs are as inherently safe and benign as possible. •Minimize depletion of natural resources. •Strive to prevent waste. •Develop and apply engineering solutions, while being cognizant of local geography, aspirations and cultures. •Create engineering solutions beyond current or dominant technologies; improve, innovate and invent (technologies) to achieve sustainability. •Actively engage communities and stakeholders in development of engineering solutions.

• To allow the students to develop an understanding of the need to go green

• The website aims to show prospective and current students about the global, environmental issues that engineers encounter daily.

• The website will act as both a portal and as an informative webpage.

• Regarding the portal aspect of the website, the homepage will provide valuable links to direct students to other useful websites where they can learn and immerse themselves in the environmental aspect of engineering.

• The website will function as an informational website, and provide descriptions of how each class here at our CEE program at Rowan University will strive to incorporate environmental issues into the student’s curriculum.

Objectives

Rowan University

• The comprehensive state university of Southern New Jersey.

• Located in Glassboro, NJ. Founded in 1923.

• University renamed in honor of Henry Rowan after $100 million gift in 1992 to create the College of Engineering.

• Rowan University consists of seven colleges– Business– Communication– Education– Engineering– Fine and Performing Arts– Liberal Arts and Sciences– Graduate and Continuing Education

Who we are...

The Engineering Clinic

• Freshman Clinic I: Engineering Measurements

• Freshman Clinic II: Reverse Engineering

• Sophomore Clinic I: Alternate Fuel

• Sophomore Clinic II: Sustainability

• Junior Clinic: Multidisciplinary Design Project (semester)

• Senior Clinic: Multidisciplinary Design Project (year)

Objectives: Design, Build and Test

Hybrid Rocket Motor

NASA mG Boiling Expt.

Aquarium Project

Automated Crash Notification System

C o

m p

le

xi t

y

The SanDestin Declaration of Green Engineering Principles (2003)

• Transforms existing practices to promote sustainability.

• Economically viable products, processes, and systems that – promote human welfare – while protecting human health – and elevating the protection of the

biosphere • New criterion for engineering solutions.

What is Green Engineering?

Pollution PreventionDesign for EnvironmentLean ManufacturingClean TechnologyEcological Engineering

Molecules

Industrial Parks

Manufacturing plants

Process units

Earth

Communities

Industrial Ecology

Sustainable Development

Microscale

Mesoscale

Macroscale

Megascale

Global

Green Engineering

Green Chemistry

Freshman Engineering Clinic I

• Introduction to Engineering• 2 sections taught by Civil

faculty to all majors– Power/Efficiency Concepts

• Motor/turbine lifts weight

– Alternative/Clean Energy• Chemical Battery• Hydro• Solar• Wind

Freshman Engineering Clinic II

Sophomore Clinic IAlternate Energy Sources- Biofuel

http://shop.lego.com/http://www.ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/MATERIALS/fuelcell.html

Microbial Fuel Cell Lego® Mindstorms

Student Designs for Biofuel Cells

Sophomore Clinic IISustainability Greenhouse Gas Action Plan

Rowan University has pledged to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 3.5% below 1990 levels by 2011.

CAMPUS Project Goals

•Calculate GHG emissions for the university from 1990 to present based on electricity, natural gas, and oil consumption• Perform an environmental audit of one aspect of the

university’s operations• Perform a life cycle inventory analysis• Develop a plan for improving sustainable practices based on

audit• Perform an economic analysis: report costs or savingsSTEP 1: INPUT DATA

Gather the following information for years 1990 and 2000: 1990 2000

1.0 Total Electricity purchased KWH1.1 Total Electricity sold KWH1.2 Net Electricity purchased (purchased - sold = net) KWH1.3 Gasoline purchased gallons1.4 #2 Oil purchased (combine vehicle diesel fuel & fuel oil) gallons1.5 #6 Oil purchased gallons1.6 Natural Gas purchased dekatherms1.7 Natural Gas purchased (alternate units) 1000 ft3

1.8 Other (propane, sold heat/steam, fuel cells, etc.) (contact us)1.9 Campus Climate Controlled Area square feet1.10 Campus population (FTE students + FTE employees) FTE

STEP 2: CALCULATE CO2 PRODUCED1990 2000

2.0 Multiply: year 1990 Net electric KWH by 0.000665 (tons/KWH) CO2 due to net electric purchased tons

2.1 Multiply: year 2000 Net electric KWH by 0.000550 (tons/KWH) CO2 due to net electric purchased tons

2.2 Multiply: gasoline gallons by 0.00982 (tons/gallon) CO2 due to gasoline combustion tons

• Campus Recycling

Areas of investigation:– Academic buildings– Residential buildings– Waste tonnage reports from waste handler

•Transportation Audit

•Campus Building Audit

•Water Use

•Alternative Energy Options

•Environmental Purchasing

•Green Dining (composting food waste)

•LEED Certified Buildings

Junior and Senior Clinics

• Arsenic Removal in Drinking Water• BugPower: Fueling our Future with Microorganisms• Metal Removal from Industrial Wastewater• Developing "Green" Controlled Release Systems for Drug Delivery• Use of Jute in Strengthening Asphalt Mixtures• Stormwater Management in Chestnut Branch Watershed• Environmentally Conscious Disassembly of End-of-Life Computers• Chemical Kinetic Model Development and Flow Reactor Studies of

Biodiesel Fuel Blends • Long-Life Smart Structures for Laser Data Transmission • Invertebrates as Bio-indicators of the Water Quality of the Maurice River• Design of Detoxifying Systems for Organo-nitriles Mediated by Cyanogenic

Enzymes

Wind Assessments

• Bayshore, Eachus, Lebak, Sheppard, Seagate, Sea Girt,…

• 30 m Tower w/anemometer, SODAR

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 200

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

09

14

42

96

147

117

94

73

51

2922

165 4 5 1 2 4 5 2

Monthly Wind Distribution

Wind Speed Bins (m/s)

Tim

e (h

ou

rs/m

on

th)

Energy Audits

• Ft. Dix National Guard Headquarters– Minor Investment

• Lower Lighting LEvels• Occupancy Sensors• Bulb Replacement (T8)• Flood Lighting with LED• Computer Sleep Mode• Smart Strip• HVAC Inspection

– Moderate Investment• Bulb Replacement (LED)• Ballast Replacement• HVAC Component Replacement

– Large Investment• Photovoltaic System

• Guard has adopted model nation-wide

Freshman Engineering Clinic Green Engineering Project Drip Coffee Maker Introduction to Environmental Regulations

Sophomore Engineering Clinic Life Cycle Assessment of a Product Environmental Regulations

Mass & Energy Balances Emissions Estimation Life Cycle Assessment Project II

Equilibrium Stage Separations Mass Separating Agent Risk Assessment

Material Science Estimation of properties, EPA PMN case studies: polymers or electronic materials

Heat Transfer Heat Integration (Simple) Chemical Thermodynamics Estimation of Chemical Properties Separations Green Solvents or Replacements through

innovative membrane and adsorption technologies

Chemical Reaction Engineering Pollution Prevention Strategies Green Chemistry

Design Heat integration & Mass Integration Flowsheet Analysis Life Cycle Assessment

Process Dynamics & Control Pollution Prevention Unit Operations Laboratory Green Engineering Experiments Design for Pollution Prevention Heat and Mass Integration

Process Analysis Engineering Clinic Real Industrial Projects in Green Engineering

Integration of Green Engineering in the Chemical Engineering Curriculum

leaching andfiltration

Condenser and Distributor

heat transfer

tubular heaterwith two-phase flow

one-way valve

Coffee Beans

bypass lever

timer, fuses and thermal switch

AC Power

Electrical and Mechanical Engineering

Incorporated into Traditional Coursework:

ECE: • Networks Course: Efficiency of Electric

Power Production and Environmental Impacts– <35% efficiency, Air pollution generated

(CO2, SOx, NOx, TSP)• Electronics Course: Semester Paper Focuses

on the Environmental Impacts of the Semiconductor Industry

• Sustainable Design elective

ME: Address Design for Environment, Green materials and processes as part of Design Courses

CEE GOES GREEN WEBPAGE

• Homepage with links to various Rowan University web pages, engineering websites, along with links to informative websites such as one to calculate your carbon footprint.

• A web page that displays all of the Civil Engineering core classes along with the display of the green employee and student of the month. These individuals display characteristics that aim to protect and redevelop the environment in both public and private settings.

•Each core class displayed has a link that shows what the class’s curriculum is along with how the class is striving to bring more environmental issues into the classroom.

•Images of Student Projects that are GREEN

Components of Website

http://users.rowan.edu/~jahan/Green_Engineering/green_engineering.htm

Statics, Solid Mechanics, Structural Analysis, CE Materials and Material Science Going Green

•Use Green Materials that use recycled components such as salvaged steel, fly ash mixed with concrete, recycled asphalt

•Compare them to properties for conventional materials

CE Systems

• Introduction to Systems & Models• Engineering Economics

– Incandescent versus CFLs for student’s family home

• Probability and Statistics– Raleigh Distribution (Wind power modeling)

• Linear Optimization– Land Use Allocation / Open Space Preservation

Incandescents versus CFLsEnd of yr CFL $ INC $ CFL-INC $ PW $ Cum-PW $

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)0 -116.85 -19.25 -98 -98 -981 -$84 -$350 266 251 1532 -$84 -$350 266 236 3893 -$84 -$350 266 223 6124 -$84 -$369 285 226 8385 -$84 -$350 266 199 10376 -$84 -$350 266 187 12247 -$84 -$350 266 177 14018 -$84 -$350 266 167 1567

Column 1 is givenColumn 2 is the cost to purchase CFLs (yr 0) and to power (yrs 1 - 8), From Table 1Column 3 is the cost to purchase INCs (yr 0 & 4) and to power (yrs 1 - 8), From Table 1Column 4 = Col 2 - Col 1Column 5 = Present worth of Col 4 = Col 4 x (1 + MARR)^Col 1Column 6 is the cumulative sum of Col 5

ANSWERS CFL INC CFL-INCPresent Worth -$641 -$2,208 $1,567Annual Net Benefit -$103 -$356 $252

Return rate NA NA 272% B-C Ratio NA NA 17.06 PayBack Period NA NA 1 yr

Engineering Graphics

• Introduction to Graphics– Interpretation of Drawings

• AutoCAD– Green Home Project

• Memo on Green Home Features

• Site Plan• Floorplans and

Elevations• 2 Detail Drawings

Torup, Sweden

Environmental Engineering I• Green Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant

Design• Energy Use, Carbon Footprint• Wastewater Green Equipment-Oxygenator, Solar Pumps• Wastewater Reuse• Anaerobic Co-Digestion for Increased Renewable Energy• Making Energy From Biosolids and FOG (Fats, Oil, and

Grease)• Use of CHEAPET software- A Comprehensive Energy

Analysis Tool for WWTPs• Select readings on contemporary articles

Environmental Engineering II• Introduction to Sustainable Engineering

– Triple Bottom Line (Environment, Economics, Society)• Ecological Footprint, Carbon Footprint• Earth’s Carrying Capacity: Mass/Energy Balances

• Hydrology– Safe Yield, Salt Water Intrusion,

Aquifer Recharge

• Risk Assessment– Chronic Daily Intake, Hazard Index, Risk,

Clean-up Triggers

• Municipal Solid Waste– Recycling, Composting, Energy Recovery,

Collection, Landfilling

• Hazardous Waste– Love Canal, Superfund

• Air Pollution– Control, Human Caused Climate Change, Ozone Depletion

Collect recyclable

waste material

Process material

Transport to manufacturing

facility

Use as raw material in manufacture of new product

Sell to consumer

Engineers without Borders

• Service Learning and Sustainability

• Green Materials• Environmental

EPA P3 Grants

CEE GREEN STUDENT

• One student to be selected every semester for displaying attributes for protecting the environment.

• Recycling• Riding bike to school• Drinking water bottle• Promoting green engineering• Green dining

AcknowledgementRobert SheridanJunior Civil and Environmental Engineering

Making a Difference in Peoples’ LIVES!!Making a Difference for the Planet