Surrealism
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Transcript of Surrealism
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SurrealismAnna Bushey
Stefan Turrentine
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Main Characteristics
Surreal = having the disorienting, hallucinatory quality of a dream; unreal
Ambiguous Dream like quality Based off of the unconscious mind
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How it started
Stemmed from Dadaism, Romanticism and Avant-garde movement
Triggered by post WW1 and disgust with Victorian era
Core ideas came from Freudian theory/Psychoanalysis
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Freudian Theory Unconscious factors contribute to waking
emotions/behavior ● Id, Ego, Superego
Creates tension, guilt, urges, fantasies
Released by dream interpretation, free association, and hypnosis
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Branches
Automatism - The performance of actions without conscious thought or intention
●Focused more on feelings ●More abstract
Veristic surrealism- art represented a specific truth or reality ● Interpreted and studied
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Techniques
Collage
FumageCubomania
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Major Contributors Andre Breton- Surrealist writer Salvador Dali- Surrealist painter Man Ray-Surrealist photographer Rene Magritte- Surrealist painter
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Andre Breton Officially started Surrealist movement in 1924 ● Manifesto of Surrealism Influenced by early symbolist and philosophical
painters Founded International Exhibition of Surrealism in
New York
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Teifidancer
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Tortured
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Salvador Dali Spanish Surrealist writer/artist, joined movement
in 1929 Began painting at 6yrs Emerged as the movements Most Recognizable
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The Persistence of Memory-Salvador Dali (1931)
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Soft Construction with Boiled Beans – Salvador Dali (1936)
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Rene Magritte Key figure in Belgian Movement through the
1920s Paintings forced viewers to observe closely Focused on realistic manner “Put the real world on trial
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The lovers – Rene Magritte (1928)
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The Son of Man - Rene Magritte (1964)
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The Treachery of Images – Rene Magritte (1928)
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Georgio De Chirico Development of surrealist art struck
immeasurable importance Characterized as dark menacing empty town
squares paintings Surrealist 1925
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Hector and Andromache
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The Great Metaphysician
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Max Ernst German Painter/Sculptor Form the Cologne Dada group Paintings Extraordinary imagination
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The Elephant Celebes
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The Inspiration Engine
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Criticisms Feminist group largely against surrealist ideas ● Depicted women as sexual symbols
Sigmund Freud was surprising critique ● Believed the movement was hypocritical and inaccurate
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End of Movement Collectively ended with death of Andre Breton
(1966)
Small groups kept surrealism alive ● Contributed to post modernism era
Surrealism expanded to many areas of the fine arts
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“One must love first, there will be time afterwards to analyze the reasons”
- Andre Breton