Parts of the Surgical Instrument

JAWS

RATCHETTIP

BOXLOCK FINGER RINGS

SHANK

Functions of the Instrument Parts

• Finger Ringers: Provide place for the user to place his fingers and grip the instrument securely

• Ratchet: Allows the instrument to be locked in place• Shank: Connects the boxlock to the finger rings• Boxlock: Hinge joint; controls the jaws of the

instrument• Jaws: Along with the tip is the working part of the

instrument; may be smooth or serrated or cross-hatched for grasping tissue or suture; can be straight or curved

• Tips: Can be pointed or round; have teeth or no teeth

Important Tips:

To identify and differentiate instruments:- Look at the tip.- Does it have teeth and what do the teeth look like?- Is the jaw smooth or serrated?- If the jaw is serrated, do the serrations run

horizontally or longitudinally?- Do the serrations run the entire length or halfway

through the jaw?

Blades

Use: For cutting the skin; for small puncture incisions; for cutting tissue and blood vessels

#10 #11 #12 #15

Scalpel handleaka knife handle/ blade handle

Use: holding scalpel blade

Needles

Use: For suturing; may be cutting or curved

Towel Clipaka towel clamp

Use: For securing towels and drapes; grasping tissue; holding or reducing small bone fractures

Needles

Use: For suturing; may be cutting or curved

Needle Holder

*Jaw may have a groove

Use: For holding needle

Towel Clipaka towel clamp

Use: For securing towels and drapes; grasping tissue; holding or reducing small bone fractures

Thumb forceps

Use: grasping tissue

Tissue forceps aka pick-ups; rat-tooth forceps

Use: For grasping tissue; closing wound

Adson forceps(plain) aka Adson dressing forceps

Use: grasping tissue

Adson Tissue Forceps(with teeth)

Use: grasping skin layer during wound closure

DeBakey Tissue Forceps

Use: grasping fine tissue

Russian Forceps

Use: grasping tissue; aortic aneurysm plaque

Sponge Forceps

Use: For holding sponges or grasping tissue

Babcock

Use: grasping delicate tissue (eg, fallopian tube, bowel, vas deferens)

Allis

Use: grasping organ or tissue that is being removed

Kocheraka Ochsner

Use: grasping heavy tissue, eg, fascia

Mixteraka right angle

Use: clamping tissue; grasping a ligature around a curve blood vessel for hemostatic purposes

Mosquito Forcepsaka Halstead Hemostatic Clamp; stat

*can be straight or curved; 5” longUse: used for more delicate tissues; fine and small hemostats used to control the bleeding of finer vessels

Kelly Hemostatic Clamp

*5.5’’ – 7” long*Heavy blades*May be straight or curved*looks like Pean clamp but is serrated only halfway

Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues

Pean aka Mayo-Pean clamp

*5.5” – 9” long* Can be straight or curved* Looks like Kelly but jaws are fully serrated

Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues

Crile Hemostatic Clampaka Hemostat

*5.5” , 6.5”, 7.5” long* Can be straight or curved

Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues

Mayo Scissorscurved - dissecting scissorsstraight – cutting scissors

*Heavy bladesUse: staight Mayo – cutting sutures, dressings and drainscurved Mayo – cutting or dissecting heavy tissue or muscle

Metzenbaum Scissorsaka Metz

Use: cutting or dissecting delicate tissueNOT used for cutting sutures, drains, heavy tissue

MAYO METZ

Bandage Scissors

Use: cutting dressings and bandages

Iris Scissors

Use: cutting and dissecting fine tissue

Army – Navy Retractor

*double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: exposing superficial wound

Richardson Retractor

Use: exposing wound

Richardson-Eastman Retractor

Use: exposing wound

Deaver Retractor

Use: deep retraction

Malleable Retractoraka Ribbon

Use: exposing wound

Harrington Retractoraka sweetheart; valentine

Use: exposing deep wound

Balfour Retractoraka self-retaining retractor; abdominal self-retracting

Use: deep abdominal retraction

Bladder Blade for Balfour Retractor

Goelet Retractor

*double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: retracting superficial tissue

Senn Retractor

double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: retracting superficial tissue

Hysterometer

Use:

Tenaculum

Use: Grasping cervix

Thomas Curetteaka Dull Curette

Use: scraping endocervical and endometrial linings

Sims Curetteaka Sharp Curette

Use: scraping endocervical and endometrial linings

Simpson Obstetrical Forceps

Use: delivering baby

OTHERS• Vaginal Speculum• Bladder Retractor• Dilator• Sponge Forceps• Russian Forceps• Kocher/ Ochsner• Babcock• Allis• Scissors