SASIG

Surface Access and Climate Change

Anna Mahoney, SASIG Director

SASIG Annual General Meeting

14 June 2012

SLIDE 1

SASIG

Assessment of aviation related surface access

SLIDE 2

• Characteristics of aviation related surface access

• Sources of carbon emissions (CO2)

• SASIG surface access strategy

• Climate change commitments

SASIG

‘15 ways to reduce the Carbon footprint in airport regions’

Report produced by ‘WSP’ - consultants in society development - for the European group ‘Airport Regions Conference’ (ARC) (August 2010)

Study objectives: reach common understanding of sources of CO2 emissions; and provide insight into reasons for differences between the studied airport regions

SLIDE 3

SASIG

‘15 ways’ ARC study

SLIDE 4

Sources of CO2 emissions – average for 9 nine airports studied

SASIG

‘15 ways’ ARC study …took into account:

• energy source for each mode of transport

• indirect energy consumption – construction

• CO2 emissions efficiency per mode(g/pax km; fuel burn/seat) (incl. the 2 factors above)

• average modal split for surface transport

• type of trip: ‘kiss & ride’, parked, taxi/hotel shuttle

• occupancy rate per mode (incl. aircraft)

• fares, charges & regulations

• operational techniques & incentive schemesSLIDE 5

SASIG

‘15 ways’ ARC study

Measure Impact

1 Length of taxiways -2.7 %

2 Load factor (aircraft) -2.2 %

3 Occupancy rates (car & taxi) -2.0 %

4 Toll (car and taxi) -1.6 %

5 Size of aircraft -1.5 %

6 Age of aircraft fleet -1.4 %

7 Continuous Descent Approach (CDA)

-1.1 %

SLIDE 6

Effectiveness ranking:-

SASIG

‘15 ways’ ARC study

Measure Impact

8 Increased public transport share

-2.7 %

9 ‘Clean’ taxis -2.2 %

10 Reduced ‘kiss & ride’ share -2.0 %

11 Public transport fare reduction

-1.6 %

12 Reduction of staff travel by car

-1.5 %

13 Biogas in stead of diesel buses

-1.4 %

14 Increased share of rail -1.1 %SLIDE 7

Effectiveness ranking:-

SASIG

‘15 ways’ ARC study

Measure Impact

15

Increased parking charges

+0.1%

SLIDE 8

Effectiveness ranking:-

So – a mix of measures are needed,

tailored to each situation,

monitored and adjusted to achieve aims.

And – all parties have a role to play.

SASIG

Low Carbon Transport to Airports

LCTA - Department for Transport (DfT) project working with Airport Operator’s Association (AOA)

Workshop held Feb. 2010 –

• participants primarily surface access specialists from England’s 6 largest airports (Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted, Luton, Birmingham and Manchester)

• addressed two themes: encouraging the use of public transport; and encouraging the more efficient use of private transport

with both focusing on measures that would not require significant infrastructure investment.

SLIDE 9

SASIG

LCTA – selected workstreams

Encouraging airline operators to provide public transport advice at the point of booking.

 Advising business travellers about low

carbon options.

Holding an annual forum.

SLIDE 10

SASIG

Those who have influence over the passenger journey must collaborate and coordinate in order to achieve changes.

Greater engagement is needed at an airport specific level.For example, the Heathrow Sustainability Partnership has enabled BAA Ltd to gain buy-in from CEOs of the majority of companies based at the airport to a range of environmental initiatives.

LCTA - findings

SLIDE 11

SASIG

LCTA - outcomes

SLIDE 12

1/ Encouraging airline operators to provide public transport advice at the point of booking……inclusion of surface access questions in March 2011 aviation policy ‘Scoping Document’.

2/ Advising business travellers about low carbon options……the DfT committed to work with the National Business Travel Network (NBTN) -NBTN website overhaul, and 2011 Work-related Travel Survey.

SASIG

LCTA - outcomes

3/ Holding an annual forum……no forum held so far in 2012……so, no progress reports supplied

Local Authorities must input to the draft aviation policy consultation on the basis of the full, wide-ranging issues associated with surface access and aviation operations……

SLIDE 13

SASIG

SASIG commentsSASIG principles for Airport Surface Access Strategies

(ASASs)Practical suggestions for meaningful constraints:• setting targets based on a ratio of 'air passenger

numbers' to 'trips by public transport';• surface access target(s) based on a ratio to take

account of local highway conditions in terms of capacity & congestion; and

• surface access target(s) tied to passenger numbers not air transport movements (ATMs).            

SLIDE 14

SASIG

Climate change commitments

Currently, no requirement for Local Authorities to take action on climate change.

Committee on Climate Change guidance for Local Authorities:-- concern that the above, coupled with limited funding, means there is a significant risk that Local Authorities will not develop and implement sufficiently ambitious low-carbon plans. - emphasises crucial role Councils have in helping the UK meet its carbon targets and preparing for the impacts of climate change- outlines specific opportunities for reducing emissions- highlights good practice examples from a number of Local Authorities

SLIDE 15

SASIG

CCC guidance to LAsLocal Authorities have significant scope to influence

emissions in buildings, surface transport, and waste, which together account for 40% of UK greenhouse gas emissions.

There is an opportunity to reduce emissions in these sectors by 20% in 2020 from 2010 levels (30% on 1990 levels).

Within this, the largest opportunity for Local Authorities is supporting energy efficiency improvement in residential buildings, but opportunities also exist in non-residential buildings, sustainable transport and waste management.

SLIDE 16

SASIG

Local Authority climate change commitment

A joint statement has been signed by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Department for Communities and Local Government (CLG) and the Local Government Association (LGA) calling for vital public services to be better protected and emergency planning and social care made more resilient.

SLIDE 17

SASIG

Recommendations

Apply uniform data collection methods

Set targets in real numbers not percentages

Understand situation for each airport

Consider total carbon emissions not only carbon efficiency

Tackle local and global pollution

SLIDE 18

SASIG

CO2 – carbon dioxideARC – Airport Regions Conferenceg/pax km – grams per passenger kilometre; a measure of efficiencyCDA – Continuous Descent ApproachDfT - Department for TransportDefra – Department for Environment, Food & Rural AffairsAOA – Airport Operator’s AssociationLCTA – ‘Low Carbon Transport to Airports’ ATM(s) - air transport movement(s)ASAS(s) - Airport Surface Access Strategies (ASASs)

          

Glossary

SLIDE 19