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SURABHI PANWARRoll no. -055Program/Course-B.EdCLASS 7

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COMPONENTS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

1.BLOOD

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM VIDEO

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RED BLOOD CELLS (RBC)

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RED BLOOD CELLS:

They are also known aserythrocytes.

Do not have a nucleus

Biconcave discs

Contain the chemicalhaemoglobin.

Haemoglobin carries

oxygen around the body. At the centre of the

haemoglobin molecule isan iron atom.

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WHITE BLOOD CELLS (WBC)

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White Blood Cells:

Also called leucocytes.They are bigger than redblood cells and have largenuclei.

Act as the bodys defencesystem.

Some white blood cells surround and consumeharmful microbes.

Some produce chemicals called antibodies thatfight infection.

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PLATELETS

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Platelets:

Formed in red bone marrow.

Platelets help to repair tissuesand close wounds both

internally and externally.

When needed, they grow intoirregular shapes and sticktogether to form a plug over the

wound.

Plateletsare also carried in the blood.

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PLASMA

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Plasma

A straw-coloured

liquid thatcarries thecells and theplateletswhich helpblood clot.

carbon dioxide

glucose

amino acids

proteins

minerals

vitamins

hormones

waste materialslike urea.

It also contains usefulthings like:

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2. BLOOD VESSELS

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Blood Vessels :The circulatory system consists of many tubes thattransportand control the flow of blood around the body,these are blood vessels.

There are 3 types of blood vessels:

a. ARTERY

b. VEIN

c. CAPILLARY

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THE ARTERY

thick muscle and

elastic fibres

Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

the elastic fibres allow

the artery to stretch

under pressure

the thick muscle cancontract to pushthe

blood along.

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THE VEINVeins carry blood towards from the heart.

thin muscle and

elastic fibres

veins have valveswhich act to stop theblood from going inthe wrong direction.

body muscles surround the veinsso that when they contract tomove the body, they also squeezethe veins and push the blood alongthe vessel.

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Blood vessels: Valves

When blood is flowing against gravity, or when a vein is squeezed

by muscle action, there is a risk that blood will flow in the wrongdirection. Veins have valves to prevent backflow.

bloodto theheart

backflowprevented

veinvalveopen

vein valveclosed

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3.HEART

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Cardiac systemThe four chambers of the heart have special names:

A lower chamber is called a ventricle.

An upper chamber is called an atrium (plural: atria).

rightatrium

rightventricle

left

atrium

left

ventricle

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Cardiac systemHere are some other important parts of the heart:

The wallsare made of

cardiacmuscle.

The walldividingthe left

and rightsides ofthe heartis called

the

septum.

The semi-lunarvalves preventexpelled bloodflowing back

into the heart.

These valvesprevent blood

flowing back into

the atria from theventricles.

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Circulatory system is the system which transports theblood through out the body .

It consists of blood, blood vessels and heart.

Blood consists of RBCs , WBCs, Platelets & Plasma.

Blood vessels help in transportation of blood throughoutthe body and are the following Artery, vein & capillary.

Valves prevent the backward flow of blood.

Heart has four chambers Left Atrium, Right Atrium, Left

Ventricle & Right Ventricle.

SUMMARY

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REFERENCES:

Google Images Wikipediawww.Biologyonline.comwww.britannica.com

http://www.biologyonline.com/http://www.britannica.com/http://www.britannica.com/http://www.biologyonline.com/