Suppression of Fire3

7/25/2019 Suppression of Fire3

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Suppression of Fire

by: Narciso, Mara Dulce S.


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Definition of Fire Suppression

- Fire Suppression refers to the firefighting

tactics used to suppress fires. The fire

fighting effort requires techniques,

equipment, and training in the fire fighting

more particularly in a populated areas.


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Fire Suppression Activities

1.FIRE PREVENTION

-it is intended to reduce sources of ignition ,

and is partially focused on programs to

educate people from starting fires. uildings,

especially schools and tall buildings often

conduct fire drills to inform and prepare

citi!ens on ho" to react to a building fire.


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#.FIRE CONTROL

it consists of depri$ing a fire of fuel- reducing

agent,o%ygen-o%idi!ing agent, heat or thechemical chain reaction that are necessary tosustain itself or re-&indle it.Structure fires maybeattac&ed, either by 'interior' or 'e%terior'resources,or both. (nterior cre"s, using the 't"oin',' t"o out' rule, may ad$ance hose linesinside the building,find the fire and control it "ith"ater.)%terior cre"s may direct "ater into"indo"s or other openings or against other

nearby fuels e%posed to the initial fire.


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3.FIRE FIGTING

-it is the act of e%tinguishing destructi$e fires . *

firefighter fights these fire to pre$ent destructionof life property and en$ironment . Firefighting is a

highly technical profession "hich requires years

of training and education in order to become

proficient . Firefighters use fire equipment, "atersupply resources such as "ater mains and fire

hydrants or they might use * and class foam

depending on "hat is feeding the fire.


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!.FIRE SAFET"

-refers to the precautions that are ta&en to pre$entor reduced the li&elihood of a fire that may result

in death, in+ury or property damage, alert thosein a structure to the presence of fire in the e$entone occurs, better enable those threatened by afire to sur$i$e or to reduced the damage caused

by a fire.Fire safety measures include those thatare planned during the construction of a buildingor implemented in a structures that are taught tooccupants of the building.


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#.FIRE PROTECTION

-is the study and practiced of mitigating theun"anted effects of fires.(t in$ol$es the study of

beha$ior,compartmentalisation, suppression andin$estigation of fire and its relatedemergencies,as "ell as the research andde$elopment ,production, testing and the

application of mitigating systems.(n structures,the o"ners and operators are responsible tomaintain their facilities in accordance "ith "hatis prescribe by la"s, including building and firecode.


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STR$CT$RAL FIRE

PROTECTION

1.PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION

-this is the used of integral, fire resistance

rated "all and floor assemblies that areused to form fire compartments intended

to limit the spread of fire, or occupancy

separations,or fire"alls,to &eep fires "ithin

the fire compartment of origin,thusenabling firefighting and e$acuation.


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%. ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION

-this is the manual and automatic detection ofsuppression of fires, as in using and installing a

fire sprin&ler system or finding the fire-fire alarmor e%tingguishing it.

3.FIRE SAFET" ED$CATION

-it is ensuring that building o"ners and operators

ha$e copies and a "or&ing understanding of theapplicable fire codes,ha$ing a purpose designedfire safety plan and ensuring that buildingoccupants, operators and emergency personnel&no" the building.


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FIRE PROTECTION S"STE&

1.SPRIN'LER S"STE&

-a sprin&ler system is an integrated systemof underground and o$erhead piping

designed in accordance "ith fireprotection engineering standards andconnected to one or more automatic "atersupplies . The system is usually acti$ated

by heat from a fire, and the sprin&lerheads then discharge "ater o$er the firearea.


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3.STANDPIPE S"STE&

-many high-rise or other large building ha$e

an internal system or "ater mains-standpipe, connected to the fire-hosestations. Trained occupants or employeesof the building management operate the

hose until the fire department arri$e. Firefighters can also connect their hoses tooutlets near the fire.


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3.ALAR& S"STE&

-building may also equipped "ith the detectionsystems that "ill transmit an alarm. Some

detectors are designed to responed to smo&eand others heat. (n many places, detectionsystems are required in public buildings,apartment houses, and sometimes e$en inpri$ate homes.


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(A"S IN E)TING$ISING FIRE

1.COOLING OR *$ENCING

- this first "ay of e%tinguishing fire is by

cooling.This cooling process remo$es the heat

from a fire.This is possible through "aters abilityto absorb massi$e amounts of heat by

con$erting to steam.ithout the heat the fuel no

longer has the condition required to produced

o%ygen to sustain the fire.This is done throughthe use of "ater,and the temperature of the

substance is lo"ered belo" the burning point.


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%.S&OTERING OR +LAN'ETING -"hen "ater is heated to its boiling point it con$erts to a

gas called "ater $apor or steam.hen this con$ersion

ta&es place it dilutes the o%ygen in the air.This lo"er theamount of o%ygen in the air belo" "hat a flamesrequires to burn.The o%ygen content of air is reducedbelo" /0 from normal of #0 in $olume by usingchemicals,fog, sand blan&ets,etc.


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3.STARVING AND C$TTING,OFF

- another "ay to e%tinguish a fire fuelremo$al.This can be accomplished by

stopping the flo" of liquid or gaseous fuelor by remo$ing solid fuel in the path of afire.1r, allo"ing the fire to burn until all thefuel is consumed.*t that point,the fire "ill

self e%tinguish.The supply of fuel ormaterial is cut off, as in gas +et.


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!.CE&ICAL FLA&E INI+ITION

- the fourth and final "ay of e%tinguishingfire is by chemical flame inhibition. Thiscan be accomplished through some dry

chemical and halogenated agents . Theseagents interrupt the combustion reactionand stop flaming . This method is effecti$eon gas and liquid fuels because they must

flame to burn.

Suppression of Fire3

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